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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L976	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Myotis welwitschi	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis welwitschii		[MSW2] Subgenus Myotis.; [MSW3] Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii. Apparently closely related to emarginatus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001).; [HMW] Scotophilus welwitschii]. E. Gray, 1866 , “ Angola .” Subgenus Chrysopteron. See M. tricolor and also M. rufoniger. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii .Apparently closely related to emarginatus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Patterson et al. (2019) found evidence of two subclades, which may be species or subspecies.; [IUCN] This species is monotypic (Meester et al. 1986; Simmons 2005). No subspecies are recognised.; [batnames2023] Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii .Apparently closely related to emarginatus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Patterson et al. (2019) found evidence of two subclades, which may be species or subspecies.; [batnames2025_1.7] Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii.Apparently closely related to emarginatus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Patterson et al. (2019) found evidence of two subclades, which may be species or subspecies.						venustus.			venustus			welwitschii 	welwitschii - venustus	welwitschii, venustus	This species is monotypic (Meester et al. 1986; Simmons 2005). No subspecies are recognised.	welwitschii 	welwitschii - venustus	welwitschii, venustus	welwitschii, venustus, welwitschi	welwitschii	welwitschii - venustus	welwitschii (J. E. Gray, 1866)|venustus (Matschie, 1899)|welwitschi Hayman, 1963 [incorrect subsequent spelling]		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Welwitsch's bat	Ethiopia – Zaire, Mozambique, S Africa	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Myotis welwitschii	Angola.	Gray	1866	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1866:211.	Distribution: Ranging from Ethiopia to Angola and Transvaal.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Welwitsch's hairy bat	Ethiopia – Angola, S Africa	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gray	1866	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1866:211.	Subgenus Myotis.	South Africa to Ethiopia.	NE Angola.		GRAY	1866	Size fairly large (forearm length, 54-59 mm; condylobasal length, 16-20 mm). Ear moderate in size. Braincase medium in height and rostrum somewhat shortened. Nasal emargination medium. Middle upper premolar displaced medially from the toothrow. Anterior and middle lower incisors four-cusped. Wing membranes conspicuously parti-colored in black and red.	Distribution: Ranging from Ethiopia to Angola and Transvaal.	No subspecies are currently recognized.		101	species	M. welwitschii	GRAY	1866	Myotis	subgenus	Myotis welwitschii				Size fairly large (forearm length, 54-59 mm; condylobasal length, 16-20 mm). Ear moderate in size. Braincase medium in height and rostrum somewhat shortened. Nasal emargination medium. Middle upper premolar displaced medially from the toothrow. Anterior and middle lower incisors four-cusped. Wing membranes conspicuously parti-colored in black and red.	No subspecies are currently recognized.		6. M. welwitschii (GRAY 1866) [formosus group].	6	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae		Myotis welwitschii	Myotis		welwitschii	Gray	y	1866		Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1866		211		Welwitsch's Myotis	NE Angola.	South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Angola, Zambia, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	venustus Matschie, 1899.	Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii. Apparently closely related to emarginatus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001).	4C3D87E8FF466AF9FA86958317F9B7BA	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	951	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF466AF9FA86958317F9B7BA.xml	Myotis welwitschii	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	welwitschii		1866	Murin de Welwitsch @fr | Welwitsch-Mausohr @de | Ratonero de Welwitsch @es | \Welwitch's Bat @en | Welwitsch's Hairy Bat @en | Welwitsch’s Mouse-eared Bat @en	Scotophilus welwitschii]. E. Gray, 1866 , “ Angola .” Subgenus Chrysopteron. See M. tricolor and also M. rufoniger. Monotypic.	Patchily in sub-Saharan Africa, in SE Guinea , and from Ethiopia and South Sudan through W Uganda , Rwanda , Burundi , S DR Congo , and Angola to N & NE South Africa .	Head-body c¢.57 67 mm , tail 55-65 mm , ear 19-25 mm , hindfoot 9- 5-13 mm , forearm 52-60 mm ; weight 14-19 g . Sexes similar. Pelage of Welwitsch’s Myotis is dense and woolly, without sheen; dorsally orange (hairs tricolored, cream with blackish-brown base and orange tip; mid-dorsal hairs 7-8 mm ); ventrally cream, slightly suffused with orange (hairs bicolored, blackish brown with cream tip). Wings strikingly particolored, with outer arm-wing and hand-wing black, bones outlined in orange, and inner arm-wing orange with small black spots. Wing membranes naked, attached to base offirst toe; interfemoral membrane orange with small black spots, ventral surface with sparse backward-pointing hairs, and posterior margin with sparse fringe of straight, bristle-like hairs between tips of calcars and tip of tail. Ears orange with small black spots and black edges, outer margin without notch, and of medium length; tragus long, bluntly pointed, measuring about one-half ear length. Tibia naked. Muzzle naked, orange with black spots. Skull large and robust (greatest length of skull 18-6-20- 8 mm ); profile of forehead moderately concave;sagittal crest low anteriorly, absent posteriorly. P* reduced, being partially or fully displaced lingually; P? and P* separated or in contact; I, and I, with four cusps, three well developed and the fourth low and inconspicuous. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FNa = 50 ( South Africa ), X = submetacentric, Y = submetacentric.	Typically in Afro-montane habitats at elevations over 2000 m , including forest in much of East and Central Africa, and grassland nearforest in Guinea ; up to 2200 m in Ethiopia . Also at lower elevations, occurring in wetter and drier miombo woodland and riverine woodland at 100-1000 m in Malawi ; woodland savanna in south-central and southern Africa; and coastal forest surrounded by thornveld in KwaZulu-Natal.	Fecal pellets from one bat contained remains of small beetles; captive bats prefer softshelled insects. Recorded flying low over streams and a farm pool, which suggests that the species may forage by trawling over open water like Bocage’s Myotis ( M. bocagii ). Wing loading very low, aspect ratio low, flight fast or slow with great maneuverability; able to take off from ground.	No information.	Recorded calls of two individuals from Soutpansberg, South Africa , had the following parameters: maximum frequency 73-8 kHz, minimum frequency 33-8 kHz and 34 kHz,frequency of knee 52-9 kHz and 53 kHz, characteristic frequency 50 kHz and 50-3 kHz, slope 563 OPS, and duration 2-1 milliseconds.	Welwitsch’s Myotis has been found roosting singly, but data are scarce. During the day, it has been seen hanging in bushes and trees, where well camouflaged by resemblance to dead leaves. In Malawi , one individual was found in furled leaf of banana plant, although there were no other record of banana leaves being used as day roost, despite almost two years of intensive search.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.	ACR (2017) | Ansell & Dowsett (1988) | Csorba, Chou Cheng-Han et al. (2014) | Happold, M. (2013bm) | Linden et al. (2014) | Rautenbach et al. (1993) | Ruedi & Mayer (2001) | Taylor, Sowler et al. (2013)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398835/files/figure.png	427. Welwitsch’s Myotis Myotis welwitschii French: Murin de Welwitsch / German: Welwitsch-Mausohr / Spanish: Ratonero de Welwitsch Other common names: \Welwitch's Bat , Welwitsch's Hairy Bat , Welwitsch’s Mouse-eared Bat Taxonomy. Scotophilus welwitschii]. E. Gray, 1866 , “ Angola .” Subgenus Chrysopteron. See M. tricolor and also M. rufoniger. Monotypic. Distribution. Patchily in sub-Saharan Africa, in SE Guinea , and from Ethiopia and South Sudan through W Uganda , Rwanda , Burundi , S DR Congo , and Angola to N & NE South Africa . Descriptive notes. Head-body c¢.57 67 mm , tail 55-65 mm , ear 19-25 mm , hindfoot 9- 5-13 mm , forearm 52-60 mm ; weight 14-19 g . Sexes similar. Pelage of Welwitsch’s Myotis is dense and woolly, without sheen; dorsally orange (hairs tricolored, cream with blackish-brown base and orange tip; mid-dorsal hairs 7-8 mm ); ventrally cream, slightly suffused with orange (hairs bicolored, blackish brown with cream tip). Wings strikingly particolored, with outer arm-wing and hand-wing black, bones outlined in orange, and inner arm-wing orange with small black spots. Wing membranes naked, attached to base offirst toe; interfemoral membrane orange with small black spots, ventral surface with sparse backward-pointing hairs, and posterior margin with sparse fringe of straight, bristle-like hairs between tips of calcars and tip of tail. Ears orange with small black spots and black edges, outer margin without notch, and of medium length; tragus long, bluntly pointed, measuring about one-half ear length. Tibia naked. Muzzle naked, orange with black spots. Skull large and robust (greatest length of skull 18-6-20- 8 mm ); profile of forehead moderately concave;sagittal crest low anteriorly, absent posteriorly. P* reduced, being partially or fully displaced lingually; P? and P* separated or in contact; I, and I, with four cusps, three well developed and the fourth low and inconspicuous. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FNa = 50 ( South Africa ), X = submetacentric, Y = submetacentric. Habitat. Typically in Afro-montane habitats at elevations over 2000 m , including forest in much of East and Central Africa, and grassland nearforest in Guinea ; up to 2200 m in Ethiopia . Also at lower elevations, occurring in wetter and drier miombo woodland and riverine woodland at 100-1000 m in Malawi ; woodland savanna in south-central and southern Africa; and coastal forest surrounded by thornveld in KwaZulu-Natal. Food and Feeding. Fecal pellets from one bat contained remains of small beetles; captive bats prefer softshelled insects. Recorded flying low over streams and a farm pool, which suggests that the species may forage by trawling over open water like Bocage’s Myotis ( M. bocagii ). Wing loading very low, aspect ratio low, flight fast or slow with great maneuverability; able to take off from ground. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Recorded calls of two individuals from Soutpansberg, South Africa , had the following parameters: maximum frequency 73-8 kHz, minimum frequency 33-8 kHz and 34 kHz,frequency of knee 52-9 kHz and 53 kHz, characteristic frequency 50 kHz and 50-3 kHz, slope 563 OPS, and duration 2-1 milliseconds. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Welwitsch’s Myotis has been found roosting singly, but data are scarce. During the day, it has been seen hanging in bushes and trees, where well camouflaged by resemblance to dead leaves. In Malawi , one individual was found in furled leaf of banana plant, although there were no other record of banana leaves being used as day roost, despite almost two years of intensive search. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. ACR (2017), Ansell & Dowsett (1988), Csorba, Chou Cheng-Han et al. (2014), Happold, M. (2013bm), Linden et al. (2014), Rautenbach et al. (1993), Ruedi & Mayer (2001), Taylor, Sowler et al. (2013).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Myotis welwitschii	Myotis	Chrysopteron	welwitschii	Gray	1866	1	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1869:31:00	Welwitsch's Myotis	 venustus Matschie, 1899.	NE Angola.	South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Angola, Zambia, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii .Apparently closely related to emarginatus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Patterson et al. (2019) found evidence of two subclades, which may be species or subspecies.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Myotis welwitschii	23	Welwitsch's Myotis	Welwitsch's Bat|Welwitsch's Hairy Bat|Welwitsch's Mouse-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Chrysopteron	welwitschii	J. E. Gray	1866	1	Scotophilus_welwitschii	Gray, J. E. (1866). Notice of a new bat (Scotophilus welwitschii) from Angola. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866, 211.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/90954#page/281/mode/1up	BM 1866.4.12.2		"Angola."			welwitschii (J. E. Gray, 1866)|venustus (Matschie, 1899)	NA	NA	Guinea|Ethiopia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Rwanda|Burundi|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Tanzania|Angola|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini|Lesotho	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Myotis_welwitschii	0	sciname match	Myotis_welwitschii	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	14211	Myotis welwitschii	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Myotis	welwitschii	(Gray, 1866)	This species is monotypic (Meester et al. 1986; Simmons 2005). No subspecies are recognised.	20000000	Myotis welwitschii	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category	The species has been recorded from a range of habitats including tropical dry forest, montane tropical moist forest, both dry and moist savanna, shrublands, and high altitude grassland. Animals have been encountered roosting in buildings, caves and dense vegetation (including rolled banana leaves).	There appear to be no major threats to this species as a whole.	Although this species is widespread, it does not appear to be particularly common.	Unknown	This species has been widely, but patchily, recorded over much of East Africa and southern Africa, parts of southern Central Africa, and with a single West African locality in southeastern Guinea. In East and southern Africa it is distributed from Ethiopia and the Sudan in the north, through Kenya, Tanzania and Malawi, to Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and northeastern South Africa. In Central Africa it is largely confined to southern Democratic Republic of the Congo, northern Angola, Rwanda and Burundi and western Uganda. It has not \been recorded from Namibia or Botswana.		Terrestrial	This species has been recorded from the Sengwa Wildlife Research Area and Kruger National Park in South Africa, and seem likely to be present in additional East or southern African protected areas. No direct conservation measures are currently needed for this species as a whole.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Chrysopteron	welwitschii	Gray	1866	1	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1869:31:00	Welwitsch's Myotis	 venustus Matschie, 1899.	NE Angola.	South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Angola, Zambia, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii .Apparently closely related to emarginatus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Patterson et al. (2019) found evidence of two subclades, which may be species or subspecies.	Myotis welwitschii	1005485	23	Welwitsch's Myotis	Welwitsch's Bat|Welwitsch's Hairy Bat|Welwitsch's Mouse-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Chrysopteron	welwitschii	J. E. Gray	1866	1	Scotophilus_welwitschii	Gray, J. E. (1866). Notice of a new bat (Scotophilus welwitschii) from Angola. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866, 211.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/90954#page/281/mode/1up	BM 1866.4.12.2		"Angola."			welwitschii (J. E. Gray, 1866)|venustus (Matschie, 1899)	NA	NA				Guinea|Ethiopia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Rwanda|Burundi|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Tanzania|Angola|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini|Lesotho	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Myotis_welwitschii	0	sciname match	Myotis_welwitschii	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Myotis_welwitschii	1005485	23	Welwitsch's Myotis	Welwitsch's Bat|Welwitsch's Hairy Bat|Welwitsch's Mouse-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae	NA	Myotis	Chrysopteron	welwitschii	J. E. Gray	1	Scotophilus welwitschii	Gray, J.E. 1866-09. Notice of a new bat (_Scotophilus welwitschii_) from Angola. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866(2):211.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28627683	BMNH:Mamm:1866.4.12.2	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/35dd7a22-42b5-48e4-b05c-27b3d690eaeb	"Angola."			NA	NA				Guinea|Ethiopia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Rwanda|Burundi|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Tanzania|Angola|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini|Lesotho	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Myotis_welwitschii	0	sciname match	Myotis_welwitschii	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Chrysopteron	welwitschii	Gray	1866	1	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1869:31:00	Welwitsch's Myotis	venustus Matschie, 1899.	NE Angola.	South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Angola, Zambia, Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14211/22068792/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Reviewed by Kock (1967) and Ratcliffe (2002). Sometimes misspelled welwitschi but the original spelling is welwitschii.Apparently closely related to emarginatus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Patterson et al. (2019) found evidence of two subclades, which may be species or subspecies.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Myotis welwitschii; Myotis welwitschii; Myotis welwitschii; Myotis welwitschii; Myotis welwitschii; Myotis welwitschii; venustus; venustus; welwitschii; venustus; Murin de Welwitsch; Welwitsch-Mausohr; Ratonero de Welwitsch; \Welwitch's Bat; Welwitsch's Hairy Bat; Welwitsch’s Mouse-eared Bat; Welwitsch's Myotis; Welwitsch's Bat; Welwitsch's Hairy Bat; Welwitsch's Mouse-eared Bat; Welwitsch's Myotis; Welwitsch's Myotis; M. welwitschii
