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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L98	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella barbastellus		[MSW2] Does not include leucomelas, but see Qumsiyeh (1985).; [MSW3] Apparently does not include leucomelas, but see Qumsiyeh (1985) and Benda and Horácek (1998), who suggested that they might be conspecific (see discussion under leucomelas). Reviewed by Trujillo et al. (2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.; [HMW] Vespertilio barbastellus Schreber, 1774 , Burgundy , France . Two subspecies are recognized.; [batnames2022] Does not include leucomelas ; see Zhang et al. (2007), Mayer et al. (2007), and Benda et al. (2008). Reviewed by Trujillo et al.(2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.; [IUCN] The genus comprises two Palaearctic species with little overlap in range. The population from the Canaries is at present regarded as endemic subspecies B. barbastellus guanchae (Trujillo et al. 2002, Juste et al. 2003).; [batnames2023] Does not include leucomelas ; see Zhang et al. (2007), Mayer et al. (2007), and Benda et al. (2008). Reviewed by Trujillo et al.(2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.; [batnames2025_1.7] Does not include leucomelas; see Zhang et al. (2007), Mayer et al. (2007), and Benda et al. (2008). Reviewed by Trujillo et al.(2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.						communis, daubentonii.		barbastellus , guanchae	barbastelle, communis, daubentonii	barbastellus, guanchae		barbastellus, guanchae	barbastellus - barbastelle, communis, daubentonii	barbastellus, barbastelle, daubentonii, communis, guanchae	The genus comprises two Palaearctic species with little overlap in range. The population from the Canaries is at present regarded as endemic subspecies B. barbastellus guanchae (Trujillo et al. 2002, Juste et al. 2003).	barbastellus, guanchae	barbastellus - barbastelle, communis, daubentonii	barbastellus, barbastelle, daubentonii, communis, guanchae	barbastellus, barbastelle, cinerea, daubentonii, communis, communis, guanchae 	barbastellus, guanchae	barbastellus - barbastelle, communis, daubentonii	barbastellus (von Schreber, 1774)|barbastelle (P. L. S. Müller, 1776)|barbastella (Boddaert, 1785) [incorrect subsequent spelling]|cinerea S.D.W., 1836 [nomen novum]|daubentonii Bell, 1836|communis Bonaparte, 1837 [nomen novum]|communis J. E. Gray, 1838 [nomen novum | preoccupied]|barbarstellus S. S. Flower, 1932 [incorrect subsequent spelling]|guanchae D. Trujillo, Ibáñez, & Juste, 2002		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Western barbastelle	England, France, Morocco – Caucasus	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Barbastella barbastellus	France, Burgundy.	Schreber	1774	Saugethiere, 1:168.	Distribution: Occurring in Europe south to the Ca- nary islands, Morocco (and possibly Senegal) and the Caucasus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Western barbastelle	England, France, Morocco, ? Senegal – Caucasus	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Schreber	1774	Die Saugethiere, 1:168.	Does not include leucomelas, but see Qumsiyeh (1985).	England and W Europe to Caucasus; Turkey; Crimea (Ukraine); Morocco; larger Mediterranean islands; Canary Isis; perhaps Senegal.	France, Burgundy.		SCHREBER	1774	Size relatively small (forearm length, 36-41 mm; condylobasal length, 13-14mm). Outer margin of ear pinna with a prominent projecting lobe.	Distribution: Occurring in Europe south to the Canary islands, Morocco (and possibly Senegal) and the Caucasus.	No subspecies.		109	species	B. barbastellus	SCHREBER	1774	Barbastella	genus	Barbastella barbastellus				Size relatively small (forearm length, 36-41 mm; condylobasal length, 13-14mm). Outer margin of ear pinna with a prominent projecting lobe.	No subspecies.		1. B. barbastellus (SCHREBER 1774).	1	_B. b. barbastellus_ (Schreber, 1774) (synonyms: _barbastelle_ (Müller, 1776), _cinerea_ S.D.W., 1836, _communis_ Bonaparte, 1837, _communis_ Gray, 1838, _daubentonii_ Bell, 1836); _B. b. guanchae_ Trujillo, Ibáñez & Juste, 2002			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Plecotini	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella		barbastellus	Schreber	y	1774		Die Säugethiere	1		168		Western Barbastelle	France, Burgundy.	England and W Europe to Caucasus; Bulgaria; Turkey; Crimea (Ukraine); Morocco; larger Mediterranean islands; Canary Isls; perhaps Senegal.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	barbastelle Müller, 1776; communis Gray, 1838; daubentonii Bell, 1836; guanchae Trujillo, Ibáñez, and Juste, 2002.	Apparently does not include leucomelas, but see Qumsiyeh (1985) and Benda and Horácek (1998), who suggested that they might be conspecific (see discussion under leucomelas). Reviewed by Trujillo et al. (2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.	4C3D87E8FF9D6A23FA5290F91F41B77E	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	860	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF9D6A23FA5290F91F41B77E.xml	Barbastella barbastellus	Vespertilionidae	Barbastella	barbastellus		1774	Barbastelle d'Europe @fr | Mopsfledermaus @de | Barbastela @es	Vespertilio barbastellus Schreber, 1774 , Burgundy , France . Two subspecies are recognized.	B.b.barbastellusSchreber,1774—EuropefromIrelandandIberianPeninsulaEtoLaivia,Belarus,Ukraine,andtheCauca-sus;alsomajorMediterraneanIs,Moroc-co,andTurkey(Anatolia);possiblyextinctinBelgium,Netherlands,andNorway. B. b. guanchae Trujillo , Ibanez & Juste, 2002 — Canary Is (Tenerife and La Gomera).	Head-body 45-60 mm , tail 36-52 mm , ear 12-18 mm , forearm 35-43 mm ; weight 5-14 g . Females slightly larger than males; body slender. Fur is long, silky, and black-brown, frosted with white or yellowish-golden tips. Skin dark brown or grey. Juvenile much darker than adult. Ears have distinctive flap of skin (c.5-6 transverse folds) on outer edge; tragus triangular and very distinctive, tapering very abruptly to end with relatively rounded tip; ears never folded when resting. In contrast to Plecotus , eyes remarkably small. Wings blackish, relatively long and narrow; uropatagium attached to base of toes; fur covers part of both uropatagium and wings; calcar is one-half length of uropatagium and has protuberant distal postcalcarial lobe. Tail is almost same length as body. Can be confused with the Eastern Barbastelle ( B. darjelingensis ) and the Arabian Barbastelle ( B. leucomelas ), but easily separated by its short, wide trapezium-shaped ears that face forward and join over top of head, and its short snout. Baculum 0-76- 0-85 mm long, with broad section in proximal part and narrow section in distal area. Skull light and delicate, with long, rounded braincase but short rostrum, characterized by flattened area extending to not greatly developed supraorbital ridge; bullae are not very large compared to similar species. Condylo-basal length 12:4-14- 1 mm ; zygomatic width 7-8- 2 mm ; interorbital width 3:4- 3-9 mm ; length of maxillary tooth rows 4- 3-5 mm ; and lengths of mandible 8-4-9- 5 mm . Dental formula for all species of Barbastellais 12/3, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 34. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 50.	Associated with old mature forest (linked to presence of dead trees), commonly coniferous. Mostly forages in edge habitats (woodland edges), above water surfaces or in semi-open areas above tree canopy; also riparian forests and other deciduous woodlands. In north, it occurs in lowlands; in south, tends to be found in highlands. Commuting individuals are easily detected in all habitats, including urban areas, open spaces, grasslands or forest edges. In Italy , has been found breeding in rocks and foraging in apparently unsuitable areas such as open landscapes; but in Switzerland , seemsto select positively well-structured forests, generally mature woodlands, and avoid open woodlands and rocky slopes. Recorded from sea level up to 2260 m .	Feeds mainly on Lepidoptera , positively selecting large moths and tympanate moths; rest of diet consists of Diptera (e.g. Tipulidae and small Nematocera) in very low proportions, as well as Trichoptera, Neuroptera, Homoptera , and Hymenoptera ; Coleoptera and spiders are even less frequent. In general, this species has a very narrow dietary niche breadth. In Germany , occurrence of moths in its diet has been quantified as 73-94% by weight; and in Swiss Alps as 99% by volume; in contrast,it is rare to find remains of dung beetles or other hard-bodied insects in the feces. Generally considered an aerial-hawker, only occasionally gleaning (e.g. spiders), probably depending on prey availability and usually no more than 5 m aboveground. However, both techniques have been reported and there is disagreement about the main foraging strategy. Bats foraging above the tree canopy have been reported to make quick dives into the forest.	Maternity colonies can comprise up to 30 individuals (in tree roosts) and tend to be found in old woodlands, old houses, domestic dwellings, and hollow trees. During maternity period, the species roosts under the bark of oak, beech or spruce. Occasionally reported in colonies of up to 100 (especially in buildings); in smaller numbers in rock crevices. Especially during post-lactating period,it habitually changes roosts (except buildings) quite often, sometimes even daily or every few days. Females become sexually active after the first year of life and can give birth to a single young or twins in segregated colonies, separated from males and passive females. Young are born from May to August and become fully independent in 6-9 weeks. Mating occurs in swarming sites or caves during autumn, from September to November. Mating has rarely been reported during winter in parts of its distribution. It can live up to 23 years.	Roosts under bark of old pines, but also occasionally in meadows, gardens, or hedges. Emerges early at night, before sunset, and sometimes even during daylight. In order to minimize predation risk, it forages in close, dark habitats early on, and only forages in open spaces at later stages of the night. Reported to fly low and at very low speed, it can also forage high up with fast flight. This species continuously shifts roost from tree to tree; as it tends to roost under bark of old branches (very ephemeral type of roost), it needs to look for new potential roosts every night; this behavior might be important for individual recruiting and territorial relationships. Hibernating bats tend to arise and emerge every c.15 days. Echolocation is one of the easiest European species to identify: it counts with alternate calls of two different types, concave and convex curves,at different frequencies and amplitudes; these differences are partially caused by head movements. The first call type lies at 30-37 kHz, the second at 30-43 kHz; the first type is always much louder. Minimum frequencies are at c.28-4 kHz, maximum frequencies ¢.46 kHz, and pulse durations 1-5 milliseconds. This type of echolocation with alternate calls at different frequencies allows the bat to hunt moths in flightas it avoids emitting calls at the moths’ hearing frequencies.	Considered sedentary. Travels up to 20 km to reach its hunting grounds, with an average distance of ¢. 7 km . Non-breeding females tend to forage further than those lactating or post-lactating. Commuting paths are quite straight and fast, across open areas and meadows. In winter, the species shifts in small groups or individually from the maternity roosts to hibernation sites, which may be up to 40 km away; distances poorly known, but longest movement recorded was ¢. 290 km between Austria and Hungary . Hibernation might start on trees, but the species tends to select underground sites such as caves, where it can roost in small clusters or individually in crevices. However, colonies of over 1000 have been reported in France , and of over 7000 in Slovakia and Poland . When natural caves are scarce, the species congregates in higher numbers in bunkers or mines. Temperatures in hibernacula are mostly 2-5°C, and humidity tends to be very low. It can share hibernation roosts with other species such as Natterer’s Myotis ( Myotis nattereri ), Greater Myotis ( M. myotis ), Daubenton’s Myotis ( M. daubentonii ), or other Myotis spp. , although rarely clustering together.	Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The species is very rare and apparently declining almost throughoutits range, occurring in very low numbers, and highly vulnerable due to its sedentarism; it may be extinct in Belgium and Netherlands , and also in Norway , where it has not been recorded since 1949. Remaining populations are associated with old, mature woodlands. Recovery of populationsis a very slow process and dramatic declines have recently been reported in many regions. Only in Germany , where insecticide use was reduced, have populations seemed to recover. The main threat is habitat loss, which is directly linked to modern forestry practices. As a reference, one colony, that is known to shift from roost to roost during the same season, might use up to 30 holes in a relatively small patch of forest per summer. Unfortunately, secondary forests do not offer enough mature trees for this species. In addition, roost and cave disturbance by tourists and speleologists are major threats.	Ancillotto, Cistrone et al. (2015) | Andreas et al. (2012) | Benzal et al. (2001) | Bogdanowicz (1983) | Denzinger et al. (2001) | Dietz & Kiefer (2016) | Flaquer et al. (2004) | Gottfried (2009) | Hutterer et al. (2005) | Juste et al. (2003) | Lesinski et al. (2005) | Nowak (1999) | Obrist et al. (2004) | Parsons & Jones (2000) | Russo, Cistrone & Jones (2005) | Russo, Cistrone, Jones & Mazzoleni (2004) | Rydell & Bogdanowicz (1997) | Rydell et al. (1996) | Sachanowicz & Zub (2002) | Sierro (1999) | Stebbings & Griffith (1986) | Trujillo et al. (2002) | Zeale et al. (2012)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398273/files/figure.png	219. Western Barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus French: Barbastelle d'Europe / German: Mopsfledermaus / Spanish: Barbastela Other comesnon names: Barbastelle Taxonomy. Vespertilio barbastellus Schreber, 1774 , Burgundy , France . Two subspecies are recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. B.b.barbastellusSchreber,1774—EuropefromIrelandandIberianPeninsulaEtoLaivia,Belarus,Ukraine,andtheCauca-sus;alsomajorMediterraneanIs,Moroc-co,andTurkey(Anatolia);possiblyextinctinBelgium,Netherlands,andNorway. B. b. guanchae Trujillo , Ibanez & Juste, 2002 — Canary Is (Tenerife and La Gomera). Descriptive notes. Head-body 45-60 mm , tail 36-52 mm , ear 12-18 mm , forearm 35-43 mm ; weight 5-14 g . Females slightly larger than males; body slender. Fur is long, silky, and black-brown, frosted with white or yellowish-golden tips. Skin dark brown or grey. Juvenile much darker than adult. Ears have distinctive flap of skin (c.5-6 transverse folds) on outer edge; tragus triangular and very distinctive, tapering very abruptly to end with relatively rounded tip; ears never folded when resting. In contrast to Plecotus , eyes remarkably small. Wings blackish, relatively long and narrow; uropatagium attached to base of toes; fur covers part of both uropatagium and wings; calcar is one-half length of uropatagium and has protuberant distal postcalcarial lobe. Tail is almost same length as body. Can be confused with the Eastern Barbastelle ( B. darjelingensis ) and the Arabian Barbastelle ( B. leucomelas ), but easily separated by its short, wide trapezium-shaped ears that face forward and join over top of head, and its short snout. Baculum 0-76- 0-85 mm long, with broad section in proximal part and narrow section in distal area. Skull light and delicate, with long, rounded braincase but short rostrum, characterized by flattened area extending to not greatly developed supraorbital ridge; bullae are not very large compared to similar species. Condylo-basal length 12:4-14- 1 mm ; zygomatic width 7-8- 2 mm ; interorbital width 3:4- 3-9 mm ; length of maxillary tooth rows 4- 3-5 mm ; and lengths of mandible 8-4-9- 5 mm . Dental formula for all species of Barbastellais 12/3, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 34. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 50. Habitat. Associated with old mature forest (linked to presence of dead trees), commonly coniferous. Mostly forages in edge habitats (woodland edges), above water surfaces or in semi-open areas above tree canopy; also riparian forests and other deciduous woodlands. In north, it occurs in lowlands; in south, tends to be found in highlands. Commuting individuals are easily detected in all habitats, including urban areas, open spaces, grasslands or forest edges. In Italy , has been found breeding in rocks and foraging in apparently unsuitable areas such as open landscapes; but in Switzerland , seemsto select positively well-structured forests, generally mature woodlands, and avoid open woodlands and rocky slopes. Recorded from sea level up to 2260 m . Food and Feeding. Feeds mainly on Lepidoptera , positively selecting large moths and tympanate moths; rest of diet consists of Diptera (e.g. Tipulidae and small Nematocera) in very low proportions, as well as Trichoptera, Neuroptera, Homoptera , and Hymenoptera ; Coleoptera and spiders are even less frequent. In general, this species has a very narrow dietary niche breadth. In Germany , occurrence of moths in its diet has been quantified as 73-94% by weight; and in Swiss Alps as 99% by volume; in contrast,it is rare to find remains of dung beetles or other hard-bodied insects in the feces. Generally considered an aerial-hawker, only occasionally gleaning (e.g. spiders), probably depending on prey availability and usually no more than 5 m aboveground. However, both techniques have been reported and there is disagreement about the main foraging strategy. Bats foraging above the tree canopy have been reported to make quick dives into the forest. Breeding. Maternity colonies can comprise up to 30 individuals (in tree roosts) and tend to be found in old woodlands, old houses, domestic dwellings, and hollow trees. During maternity period, the species roosts under the bark of oak, beech or spruce. Occasionally reported in colonies of up to 100 (especially in buildings); in smaller numbers in rock crevices. Especially during post-lactating period,it habitually changes roosts (except buildings) quite often, sometimes even daily or every few days. Females become sexually active after the first year of life and can give birth to a single young or twins in segregated colonies, separated from males and passive females. Young are born from May to August and become fully independent in 6-9 weeks. Mating occurs in swarming sites or caves during autumn, from September to November. Mating has rarely been reported during winter in parts of its distribution. It can live up to 23 years. Activity patterns. Roosts under bark of old pines, but also occasionally in meadows, gardens, or hedges. Emerges early at night, before sunset, and sometimes even during daylight. In order to minimize predation risk, it forages in close, dark habitats early on, and only forages in open spaces at later stages of the night. Reported to fly low and at very low speed, it can also forage high up with fast flight. This species continuously shifts roost from tree to tree; as it tends to roost under bark of old branches (very ephemeral type of roost), it needs to look for new potential roosts every night; this behavior might be important for individual recruiting and territorial relationships. Hibernating bats tend to arise and emerge every c.15 days. Echolocation is one of the easiest European species to identify: it counts with alternate calls of two different types, concave and convex curves,at different frequencies and amplitudes; these differences are partially caused by head movements. The first call type lies at 30-37 kHz, the second at 30-43 kHz; the first type is always much louder. Minimum frequencies are at c.28-4 kHz, maximum frequencies ¢.46 kHz, and pulse durations 1-5 milliseconds. This type of echolocation with alternate calls at different frequencies allows the bat to hunt moths in flightas it avoids emitting calls at the moths’ hearing frequencies. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Considered sedentary. Travels up to 20 km to reach its hunting grounds, with an average distance of ¢. 7 km . Non-breeding females tend to forage further than those lactating or post-lactating. Commuting paths are quite straight and fast, across open areas and meadows. In winter, the species shifts in small groups or individually from the maternity roosts to hibernation sites, which may be up to 40 km away; distances poorly known, but longest movement recorded was ¢. 290 km between Austria and Hungary . Hibernation might start on trees, but the species tends to select underground sites such as caves, where it can roost in small clusters or individually in crevices. However, colonies of over 1000 have been reported in France , and of over 7000 in Slovakia and Poland . When natural caves are scarce, the species congregates in higher numbers in bunkers or mines. Temperatures in hibernacula are mostly 2-5°C, and humidity tends to be very low. It can share hibernation roosts with other species such as Natterer’s Myotis ( Myotis nattereri ), Greater Myotis ( M. myotis ), Daubenton’s Myotis ( M. daubentonii ), or other Myotis spp. , although rarely clustering together. Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The species is very rare and apparently declining almost throughoutits range, occurring in very low numbers, and highly vulnerable due to its sedentarism; it may be extinct in Belgium and Netherlands , and also in Norway , where it has not been recorded since 1949. Remaining populations are associated with old, mature woodlands. Recovery of populationsis a very slow process and dramatic declines have recently been reported in many regions. Only in Germany , where insecticide use was reduced, have populations seemed to recover. The main threat is habitat loss, which is directly linked to modern forestry practices. As a reference, one colony, that is known to shift from roost to roost during the same season, might use up to 30 holes in a relatively small patch of forest per summer. Unfortunately, secondary forests do not offer enough mature trees for this species. In addition, roost and cave disturbance by tourists and speleologists are major threats. Bibliography. Ancillotto, Cistrone et al. (2015), Andreas et al. (2012), Benzal et al. (2001), Bogdanowicz (1983), Denzinger et al. (2001), Dietz & Kiefer (2016), Flaquer et al. (2004), Gottfried (2009), Hutterer et al. (2005), Juste et al. (2003), Lesinski et al. (2005), Nowak (1999), Obrist et al. (2004), Parsons & Jones (2000), Russo, Cistrone & Jones (2005), Russo, Cistrone, Jones & Mazzoleni (2004), Rydell & Bogdanowicz (1997), Rydell et al. (1996), Sachanowicz & Zub (2002), Sierro (1999), Stebbings & Griffith (1986), Trujillo et al. (2002), Zeale et al. (2012).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Barbastella barbastellus	Barbastella		barbastellus	Schreber	1774	1	Die S&auml;ugethiere	0.1583	Western Barbastelle	 barbastelle M&uuml;ller, 1776; communis Gray, 1838; daubentonii Bell, 1836; <b>guanchae</b> Trujillo, Ib&aacute;&ntilde;ez, and Juste, 2002.	France, Burgundy.	England and W Europe to Caucasus; Bulgaria; Turkey; Crimea (Ukraine); Morocco; larger Mediterranean islands; Canary Isls; perhaps Senegal.	Not listed.	Near Threatened	Does not include leucomelas ; see Zhang et al. (2007), Mayer et al. (2007), and Benda et al. (2008). Reviewed by Trujillo et al.(2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Barbastella barbastellus	23	Western Barbastelle	Barbastelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	PLECOTINI	Barbastella	NA	barbastellus	von Schreber	1774	1						Burgundy, France.			barbastellus (von Schreber, 1774)|barbastelle (P. L. S. Müller, 1776)|daubentonii Bell, 1836|communis J. E. Gray, 1838|guanchae Trujillo, Ibáñez, and Juste, 2002	NA	NA	Canary Islands|Morocco|Ireland|United Kingdom|Portugal|Spain|France|Belgium?|Luxembourg|Germany|Denmark|Sweden|Norway?|Switzerland|Liechtenstein|Italy|Austria|Czech Republic|Hungary|Slovakia|Poland|Slovenia|Croatia|Bosnia & Herzegovina|Serbia|Montenegro|North Macedonia|Greece|Bulgaria|Moldova|Ukraine|Belarus|Lithuania|Latvia|Russia|Georgia|Armenia|Azerbaijan|Turkey|Iran	Africa|Asia|Europe	Palearctic	NT	0	0	0	Barbastella_barbastellus	0	sciname match	Barbastella_barbastellus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	2553	Barbastella barbastellus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Barbastella	barbastellus	(Schreber, 1774)	The genus comprises two Palaearctic species with little overlap in range. The population from the Canaries is at present regarded as endemic subspecies B. barbastellus guanchae (Trujillo et al. 2002, Juste et al. 2003).	20000000	Barbastella barbastellus	Near Threatened		2016	2016-04-25 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Although this species has a large range, it is generally rare, occurring in low density and numbers. It is mainly sedentary. The population is fragmented and linked to particular kinds of old forest habitats, which are declining. The species does not easily colonise new areas. Declines are widely reported in most of its range with a few exceptions in recent years. The status of this species is linked to forestry practices and the decline in the number of old trees (one colony may use up to 30 old trees with holes each summer season). Has specific habitat and diet requirements. Listed as Near Threatened (approaching A4c), as it is suspected that population declines will approach 30% over a 15 year period including both the past and the future.	The Western Barbastelle (Barbastella barbastellus ) forages in mature woodland and woodland edges, feeding mostly on large moths (Andrea et al. 2012). In summer, roosting sites occur in mature woodlands and occasionally in older buildings. This bat shows a high fidelity to roosting and foraging areas but not to single trees, which are changed frequently (Hillen ;et al. ;2009, Hillen ;et al. ; 2010, Zeale ;et al. ; 2012). In winter the hibernation may start in trees, but later underground sites are preferred. Underground habitats may be of any type, but usually consist of very cold sites. Recent data suggest that hibernacula are visited in the pre-hibernation period and used also as breeding sites (Gottfried 2009). ;The Western Barbastelle is usually found in smaller numbers (up to 50) within natural caves, but in regions where these are missing it aggregates in large groups ;within mines and bunkers. ;The maximum distance covered by an individual was recorded in Austria and corresponds to 290 km (Kepka 1960).	Loss of old mature woodland and ancient trees with loose bark or wood crevices (reforested areas are not suitable for this species); disturbance and loss of underground habitats, disturbance and loss of roost sites in older buildings. In Germany, habitat loss and fragmentation (caused by inter alia infrastructure development, forestry, and the renovation or demolition of old buildings used as roost sites), and disturbance (e.g. from cave tourism) are major threats (Schulenberg 2005); accidental mortality (roadkill) is also a problem (Rudolph et al. 2003).	A rare or infrequent species. Summer colonies number usually ;ca . ;30 individuals. ;Winter clusters are usually small (individuals tend to be solitary), but can reach 500 and, rarely, up to 1,000 bats in France, Poland and over 7,000 in Slovakia (Schober 2004). It is extinct in the Netherlands since 1984. The last record of this species in Norway was in 1949, and it possibly went extinct there (van der Kooij in litt. 2006). Population decreases are widely reported and it is considered threatened in many range states. Very small numbers in large part of the range with large temporary aggregations in areas without natural caves. Populations in Germany have been ;increasing in the last 5 years now that insecticide use has been reduced (D. Kock pers. comm. 2005). Relatively frequent in woodlands in western part of Caucasus and without reported decline; ;in Ukraine ;it is rare (S. Kruskop pers. comm. 2005) but appears to be stable (Bashta 2012). In Africa, population size and trends are unknown.	Decreasing	The Western Barbastelle ( Barbastella barbastellus ) ;is largely restricted to central and southern Europe, although its range extends into the Caucasus, Anatolia, Morocco (North Africa) and the Canary Islands (La Gomera and Tenerife only). It occurs to 1,800 m asl in the Alps (Spitzenberger 2002), 1,900 m asl in the Caucasus and 2,260 m asl in the Pyrenees (Mitchell-Jones et al. 1999, K. Tsytsulina pers. comm. 2005). Several countries have recently been included in its range: PÄ“tersons et al. (2010) found 20 new sites occupied by the Western Barbastelle ;in northern Latvia, where this species may have gone previously undetected due to the use of inadequate instrumentation; Presetnik et al. (2014) recorded several individuals during a survey in Montenegro; Benda et al. (2012) reported on records of ;the Western Barbastelle ;in northern Iran. ;A single adult male specimen was also found by Mucedda ;et al. ; (2012) in Sicily, where the species has not been recorded since 1956.		Terrestrial	It is protected by national legislation in most range states. There are also international legal obligations for its protection through the Bonn Convention (Eurobats) and Bern Convention where these apply. It is included in Annex II (and IV) of EU Habitats and Species Directive, and hence requires special measures for conservation including designation of Special Areas for Conservation. ;Some suitable habitat is protected through Natura 2000. Research is underway to establish conservation requirements for this species. Recommendations include adopting forestry practices that maintain old trees in sufficient numbers.	Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Barbastella		barbastellus	Schreber	1774	1	Die S&auml;ugethiere	0.158333	Western Barbastelle	 barbastelle M&uuml;ller, 1776; communis Gray, 1838; daubentonii Bell, 1836; <b>guanchae</b> Trujillo, Ib&aacute;&ntilde;ez, and Juste, 2002.	France, Burgundy.	England and W Europe to Caucasus; Bulgaria; Turkey; Crimea (Ukraine); Morocco; larger Mediterranean islands; Canary Isls; perhaps Senegal.	Not listed.	Near Threatened	Does not include leucomelas ; see Zhang et al. (2007), Mayer et al. (2007), and Benda et al. (2008). Reviewed by Trujillo et al.(2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.	Barbastella barbastellus	1005649	23	Western Barbastelle	Barbastelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	PLECOTINI	Barbastella	NA	barbastellus	von Schreber	1774	1						Burgundy, France.			barbastellus (von Schreber, 1774)|barbastelle (P. L. S. Müller, 1776)|daubentonii Bell, 1836|communis J. E. Gray, 1838|guanchae Trujillo, Ibáñez, and Juste, 2002	NA	NA				Canary Islands|Morocco|Ireland|United Kingdom|Portugal|Spain|France|Belgium?|Luxembourg|Germany|Denmark|Sweden|Norway?|Switzerland|Liechtenstein|Italy|Austria|Czech Republic|Hungary|Slovakia|Poland|Slovenia|Croatia|Bosnia & Herzegovina|Serbia|Montenegro|North Macedonia|Greece|Bulgaria|Moldova|Ukraine|Belarus|Lithuania|Latvia|Russia|Georgia|Armenia|Azerbaijan|Turkey|Iran	Africa|Asia|Europe	Palearctic	NT	0	0	0	Barbastella_barbastellus	0	sciname match	Barbastella_barbastellus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Barbastella_barbastellus	1005649	23	Western Barbastelle	Barbastelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Plecotini	Barbastella	NA	barbastellus	von Schreber	1	Vespertilio barbastellus	Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1774. pl. 55. P. pl. 55 in Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1774-1855. Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Walther, Erlangen.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31060104				Burgundy, France.			NA	NA				Canary Islands|Morocco|Ireland|United Kingdom|Portugal|Spain|France|Belgium?|Luxembourg|Germany|Denmark|Sweden|Norway?|Switzerland|Liechtenstein|Italy|Austria|Czech Republic|Hungary|Slovakia|Poland|Slovenia|Croatia|Bosnia and Herzegovina|Serbia|Montenegro|North Macedonia|Greece|Bulgaria|Moldova|Ukraine|Belarus|Lithuania|Latvia|Russia|Georgia|Armenia|Azerbaijan|Turkey|Iran	Africa|Asia|Europe	Palearctic	NT	0	0	0	Barbastella_barbastellus	0	sciname match	Barbastella_barbastellus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Barbastella		barbastellus	Schreber	1774	1	Die S&auml;ugethiere	0.158333	Western Barbastelle	barbastelle M&uuml;ller, 1776; communis Gray, 1838; daubentonii Bell, 1836; guanchae Trujillo, Ib&aacute;&ntilde;ez, and Juste, 2002.	France, Burgundy.	England and W Europe to Caucasus; Bulgaria; Turkey; Crimea (Ukraine); Morocco; larger Mediterranean islands; Canary Isls; perhaps Senegal.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/2553/22029285/' target='_blank'>Near Threatened</a>	Does not include leucomelas; see Zhang et al. (2007), Mayer et al. (2007), and Benda et al. (2008). Reviewed by Trujillo et al.(2002). Juste et al. (2003) discussed phylogeography of this species.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Barbastella barbastellus; Barbastella barbastellus; Barbastella barbastellus; Barbastella barbastellus; Barbastella barbastellus; Barbastella barbastellus; barbastellus ; guanchae; barbastelle; communis; daubentonii; barbastellus; guanchae; guanchae; barbastelle; communis; daubentonii; barbastellus; barbastelle; daubentonii; communis; guanchae; Barbastelle d'Europe; Mopsfledermaus; Barbastela; Western Barbastelle; Barbastelle; Western Barbastelle; Western Barbastelle; B. barbastellus