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authorityParentheses originalNameCombination authoritySpeciesCitation authoritySpeciesLink typeVoucher typeKind typeVoucherURIs typeLocality typeLocalityLatitude typeLocalityLongitude taxonomyNotes taxonomyNotesCitation distributionNotes distributionNotesCitation subregionDistribution countryDistribution continentDistribution biogeographicRealm iucnStatus extinct domestic flagged CMW_sciName diffSinceCMW MSW3_matchtype MSW3_sciName diffSinceMSW3 docOrigin_batnames2025 Family Genus Subgenus Species Author Date Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses) Citation Pages Common Name Synonyms Type Locality Distribution CITES IUCN Comments column3781 column3791 subtribe CONCAT_ALTNAMES line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L955 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet N/A N/A Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi [MSW2] Subgenus Myotis. The living subspecies, araxenus, was formerly included in M. nattereri; see HoriCek and Hanak (1984).; [MSW3] The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus, was formerly included in nattereri; see Horácek and Hanák (1984). Reviewed by Horácek et al. (2000).; [HMW] Myotis schaubi Kormos, 1934 , Hungary (Pliocene). Subgenus Myotis ; myotis species group. Myotis schaubiwas described from Pliocene fossil material in Europe, and then it was discovered living in Armenia and Iran . There do not seem to be any marked metric differences or variation between living and fossil individuals, so no subspecies are recognized. Myotis schaubi appears to be closely related to M. nattereri and M. crypticus (more likely) or to M. escalerai , M. zenatius, M. bombinus , and M. pequinius based on genetic data, but there is still considerable doubt about relationships of M. schaub: to other Myotis . The name araxenus has often been considered a subspecies ofthis species but is here considered a synonym. A recent study by E. Coraman and colleagues in 2019 suggested that the name schaubi and araxenus actually represent different species, fossil and living respectively, but this is not followed here. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus , was formerly included in nattereri ; see HorÃ¡cek and HanÃ¡k (1984). Reviewed by HorÃ¡cek et al. (2000). Ãoraman et al. (2019) suggested that the extant populations be elevated to species level as M. araxenus , with schaubi recognized only as a fossil form; however, we retain the subspecies within schaubi pending further study.; [MDD2022] includes the name araxenus, which has been considered the by some authors as a distinct species; [IUCN] This is a good species following I. Horacek, J. Gaisler and A.M. Hutson pers. comms.; [batnames2023] The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus , was formerly included in nattereri ; see HorÃ¡cek and HanÃ¡k (1984). Reviewed by HorÃ¡cek et al. (2000). Ã‡oraman et al. (2019) suggested that the extant populations be elevated to species level as M. araxenus , with schaubi recognized only as a fossil form; however, we retain the subspecies within schaubi pending further study.; [MDD2023] includes the name araxenus, which has been considered the by some authors as a distinct species; [MDD2025_2.0] includes the name araxenus, which has been considered by some authors as a distinct species; [batnames2025_1.7] The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus, was formerly included in nattereri; see HorÃ¡cek and HanÃ¡k (1984). Reviewed by HorÃ¡cek et al. (2000). Ã‡oraman et al. (2019) suggested that the extant populations be elevated to species level as M. araxenus, with schaubi recognized only as a fossil form; however, we retain the subspecies within schaubi pending further study.; [MDD2025_2.2] includes the name araxenus, which has been considered by some authors as a distinct species (araxenus) araxenus. araxenus schaubi, araxenus araxenus - kretzoii araxenus schaubi, araxenus, kretzoii schaubi, araxenus, kretzoii This is a good species following I. Horacek, J. Gaisler and A.M. Hutson pers. comms. schaubi, araxenus araxenus - kretzoii schaubi, araxenus, kretzoii schaubi, araxenus, kretzoii araxenus, schaubi araxenus - kretzoii schaubi Kormos, 1934|araxenus Dahl, 1947|kretzoii TopÃ¡l, 1981 N/A Distribution: Confined to Transcaucasia and western Iran. Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5 Armenia, W Iran; ref. 4.62 Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp. Kormos 1934 Foldt Kozl., 64:310. Subgenus Myotis. The living subspecies, araxenus, was formerly included in M. nattereri; see HoriCek and Hanak (1984). In the Holocene, only Transcaucasia and W Iran. Hungary (Pliocene). KORMOS 1934 Size medium (forearm length, 42-44 mm; condylobasal length, 15-17 mm). Braincase fairly high but rostrum fairly long and narrow. Distribution: Confined to Transcaucasia and western Iran. Originally described on the basis of fossil material from Europe, the sole living subspecies is M. s. araxenus. 101 species M. schaubi KORMOS 1934 Myotis subgenus Myotis schaubi Size medium (forearm length, 42-44 mm; condylobasal length, 15-17 mm). Braincase fairly high but rostrum fairly long and narrow. Originally described on the basis of fossil material from Europe, the sole living subspecies is M. s. araxenus. 9. M. schaubi KORMOS 1934 [nattereri group]. 9 _M. s. araxenus_ Dahl, 1947 (synonyms: _kretzoii_ TopÃ¡l, 1981); _M. s. schaubi_ Kormos, 1934 (fossil) Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu). CHIROPTERA Vespertilionidae Myotinae Myotis schaubi Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 Földt Közl., Budapest 64 310 Schaub's Myotis Hungary (Pliocene). See discussion in Horácek et al. (2000). Extant populations limited to Armenia and W Iran. IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Endangered. araxenus Dahl, 1947; kretzoii Topál, 1981. The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus, was formerly included in nattereri; see Horácek and Hanák (1984). Reviewed by Horácek et al. (2000). 4C3D87E8FF226A9EFA909AAC1C16BC7E Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions 978-84-16728-19-0 hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32 979 zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF226A9EFA909AAC1C16BC7E.xml Myotis schaubi Vespertilionidae Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 Murin de Schaub @fr | Schaub-Mausohr @de | Ratonero de Schaub @es Myotis schaubi Kormos, 1934 , Hungary (Pliocene). Subgenus Myotis ; myotis species group. Myotis schaubiwas described from Pliocene fossil material in Europe, and then it was discovered living in Armenia and Iran . There do not seem to be any marked metric differences or variation between living and fossil individuals, so no subspecies are recognized. Myotis schaubi appears to be closely related to M. nattereri and M. crypticus (more likely) or to M. escalerai , M. zenatius, M. bombinus , and M. pequinius based on genetic data, but there is still considerable doubt about relationships of M. schaub: to other Myotis . The name araxenus has often been considered a subspecies ofthis species but is here considered a synonym. A recent study by E. Coraman and colleagues in 2019 suggested that the name schaubi and araxenus actually represent different species, fossil and living respectively, but this is not followed here. Monotypic. Armenia and NW & WC Iran ; possibly also Turkey and Azerbaijan , although no specimens have been reported from either country. Head-body 48-53 mm , tail 48—49 mm , ear 19-2-21- 3 mm , forearm 41-3-44- 1 mm . Schaub’s Myotis resembles a slightly larger Natterer’s Myotis ( M. nattereri ). Dorsal pelage is medium brown; venter is white. Bare skin is dark brown. M, and M, offossil and recent individuals have distinct paraloph and metaloph; trogon basins of lower molars are close; post-protocrista forms distinct hypocone by undulations; and buccal undulating cingulum is well developed butis very thin at the area of the protocone. Probably forested and shrubby habitats, recorded at elevations up to 2592 m . Schaub’s Myotis ate Araneae (70% by volume in digestive tracts and 95% in feces) and diurnal brachyceran Diptera (30% in digestive tracts and 5% in feces) in Iran . Current information suggests they are foliage gleaners. Subadult Schaub’s Myotis were found in October in Iran , and a newborn and late-stage pregnant females were reported in mid-June in Armenia . Schaub’s Myotis roosts in caves, rock cracks, and buildings. No information. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Schaub’s Myotis is rare in its relatively small distribution, and virtually nothing is known about its ecology or threats. The Pliocene records show that it once occurred in Europe and possibly to the Altai Mountains of Russia . Benda & Horéacek (1995) | Benda, Faizolahi et al. (2012) | Benda, Obuch et al. (2001) | Horacek & Hanak (1984) | Jiang Tinglei, Sun Keping et al. (2010) | Juste et al. (2019) | Piraccini (2016h) | Rosina (2012) | Ruedi et al. (2019) | Salicini et al. (2011) https://zenodo.org/record/6399007/files/figure.png 491. Schaub’s Myotis Myotis schaubi French: Murin de Schaub / German: Schaub-Mausohr / Spanish: Ratonero de Schaub Taxonomy. Myotis schaubi Kormos, 1934 , Hungary (Pliocene). Subgenus Myotis ; myotis species group. Myotis schaubiwas described from Pliocene fossil material in Europe, and then it was discovered living in Armenia and Iran . There do not seem to be any marked metric differences or variation between living and fossil individuals, so no subspecies are recognized. Myotis schaubi appears to be closely related to M. nattereri and M. crypticus (more likely) or to M. escalerai , M. zenatius, M. bombinus , and M. pequinius based on genetic data, but there is still considerable doubt about relationships of M. schaub: to other Myotis . The name araxenus has often been considered a subspecies ofthis species but is here considered a synonym. A recent study by E. Coraman and colleagues in 2019 suggested that the name schaubi and araxenus actually represent different species, fossil and living respectively, but this is not followed here. Monotypic. Distribution. Armenia and NW & WC Iran ; possibly also Turkey and Azerbaijan , although no specimens have been reported from either country. Descriptive notes. Head-body 48-53 mm , tail 48—49 mm , ear 19-2-21- 3 mm , forearm 41-3-44- 1 mm . Schaub’s Myotis resembles a slightly larger Natterer’s Myotis ( M. nattereri ). Dorsal pelage is medium brown; venter is white. Bare skin is dark brown. M, and M, offossil and recent individuals have distinct paraloph and metaloph; trogon basins of lower molars are close; post-protocrista forms distinct hypocone by undulations; and buccal undulating cingulum is well developed butis very thin at the area of the protocone. Habitat. Probably forested and shrubby habitats, recorded at elevations up to 2592 m . Food and Feeding. Schaub’s Myotis ate Araneae (70% by volume in digestive tracts and 95% in feces) and diurnal brachyceran Diptera (30% in digestive tracts and 5% in feces) in Iran . Current information suggests they are foliage gleaners. Breeding. Subadult Schaub’s Myotis were found in October in Iran , and a newborn and late-stage pregnant females were reported in mid-June in Armenia . Activity patterns. Schaub’s Myotis roosts in caves, rock cracks, and buildings. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Schaub’s Myotis is rare in its relatively small distribution, and virtually nothing is known about its ecology or threats. The Pliocene records show that it once occurred in Europe and possibly to the Altai Mountains of Russia . Bibliography. Benda & Horéacek (1995), Benda, Faizolahi et al. (2012), Benda, Obuch et al. (2001), Horacek & Hanak (1984), Jiang Tinglei, Sun Keping et al. (2010), Juste et al. (2019), Piraccini (2016h), Rosina (2012), Ruedi et al. (2019), Salicini et al. (2011). Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022. Vespertilionidae Myotis schaubi Myotis Unassigned-Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 0 Földt Közl., Budapest 69:10:00 Schaub's Myotis araxenus Dahl, 1947; kretzoii Topál, 1981. Hungary (Pliocene). See discussion in Horácek et al. (2000). Extant populations limited to Armenia and W Iran. Not listed. Data Deficient The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus , was formerly included in nattereri ; see HorÃ¡cek and HanÃ¡k (1984). Reviewed by HorÃ¡cek et al. (2000). Ãoraman et al. (2019) suggested that the extant populations be elevated to species level as M. araxenus , with schaubi recognized only as a fossil form; however, we retain the subspecies within schaubi pending further study. Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023 Myotis schaubi 23 Schaub's Myotis Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIFORMES NA NA VESPERTILIONOIDEA VESPERTILIONIDAE MYOTINAE NA Myotis Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 0 Hungary (Pliocene). schaubi Kormos, 1934|araxenus Dahl, 1947|kretzoii TopÃ¡l, 1981 includes the name araxenus, which has been considered the by some authors as a distinct species Ã‡oraman, E., Dietz, C., Hempel, E., Ghazaryan, A., Levin, E., Presetnik, P., ... & Mayer, F. (2019). Reticulate evolutionary history of a Western Palaearctic Bat Complex explained by multiple mt DNA introgressions in secondary contacts. Journal of Biogeography, 46(2), 343-354.|Kruskop, S. V. and Solovyeva, E. N. (2020). Validating the relationships: which species of Myotis "nattereri" group (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) actually inhabits the Caucasus. Mammali, 1-10. Armenia|Iran|Turkey?|Azerbaijan? Asia Palearctic DD 0 0 0 Myotis_schaubi 0 sciname match Myotis_schaubi 0 IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022]. 14198 Myotis schaubi ANIMALIA CHORDATA MAMMALIA CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIDAE Myotis schaubi Kormos, 1934 This is a good species following I. Horacek, J. Gaisler and A.M. Hutson pers. comms. 20000000 Myotis schaubi Data Deficient 2016 2016-04-25 00:00:00 UTC 3.1 English Rare species, known from only a few recorded localities (up to ten) from Armenia and Zagros Mts in Iran. Listed as Data Deficient in view of continuing problems with its taxonomy (it is questionable whether this is a valid species) as well as absence of information on its extent of occurrence (which may be larger than the five known specimens suggest), status, ecological requirements and threats. The habitat of this species is little known and ;consists ;probably of forest and shrubland. This bat roosts in caves, rock cracks and buildings. It has been reported to feed on Araneae and Diptera (Benda et al. 1999 in Andreas 2010) Not known. Possibly changes in land management, including development and impact of war, etc, and damage to roost sites in caves and buildings. Unknown. Rarely found species (up to ten recorded localities of occurrence). Unknown The Arakskaya Nochnitsa (Myotis schaubi ) is an extant species known only from southern part of Caucasus region (Armenia) and northwestern part of Zagros Mts. in Iran. Fossil of the species have been described from Hungary and Russia. Terrestrial Poorly known species with very restricted range and which requires legal protection and a conservation management plan. Research on status and ecology is needed. Public awareness campaigns may also be valuable. Palearctic FALSE FALSE Global Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 Vespertilionidae Myotis Unassigned - Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 0 Földt Közl., Budapest 69:10:00 Schaub's Myotis araxenus Dahl, 1947; kretzoii Topál, 1981. Hungary (Pliocene). See discussion in Horácek et al. (2000). Extant populations limited to Armenia and W Iran. Not listed. Data Deficient The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus , was formerly included in nattereri ; see HorÃ¡cek and HanÃ¡k (1984). Reviewed by HorÃ¡cek et al. (2000). Ã‡oraman et al. (2019) suggested that the extant populations be elevated to species level as M. araxenus , with schaubi recognized only as a fossil form; however, we retain the subspecies within schaubi pending further study. Myotis schaubi 1005467 23 Schaub's Myotis Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIFORMES NA NA VESPERTILIONOIDEA Vespertilionidae MYOTINAE NA Myotis Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 0 Hungary (Pliocene). schaubi Kormos, 1934|araxenus Dahl, 1947|kretzoii TopÃ¡l, 1981 includes the name araxenus, which has been considered the by some authors as a distinct species Ã‡oraman, E., Dietz, C., Hempel, E., Ghazaryan, A., Levin, E., Presetnik, P., ... & Mayer, F. (2019). Reticulate evolutionary history of a Western Palaearctic Bat Complex explained by multiple mt DNA introgressions in secondary contacts. Journal of Biogeography, 46(2), 343-354.|Kruskop, S. V. and Solovyeva, E. N. (2020). Validating the relationships: which species of Myotis "nattereri" group (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) actually inhabits the Caucasus. Mammali, 1-10. Armenia|Iran|Turkey?|Azerbaijan? Asia Palearctic DD 0 0 0 Myotis_schaubi 0 sciname match Myotis_schaubi 0 Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393 Myotis_schaubi 1005467 23 Schaub's Myotis Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Chiroptera Yangochiroptera NA NA Vespertilionoidea Vespertilionidae Myotinae NA Myotis Myotis schaubi Kormos 0 Myotis Schaubi Kormos, T. 1934. Neue Insektenfresser, FledermÃ¤use und Nager aus dem OberpliozÃ¤n der VillÃ¡nyer Gegend. FÃ¶ldtani KÃ¶zlÃ¶ny 64(10-12):296-321. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50722525 HNHM V.61.1416 holotype Hungary (Pliocene). includes the name araxenus, which has been considered by some authors as a distinct species Ã‡oraman, E., Dietz, C., Hempel, E., Ghazaryan, A., Levin, E., Presetnik, P., ... & Mayer, F. (2019). Reticulate evolutionary history of a Western Palaearctic Bat Complex explained by multiple mt DNA introgressions in secondary contacts. Journal of Biogeography, 46(2), 343-354.|Kruskop, S. V. and Solovyeva, E. N. (2020). Validating the relationships: which species of Myotis "nattereri" group (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) actually inhabits the Caucasus. Mammali, 1-10. Armenia|Iran|Turkey?|Azerbaijan? Asia Palearctic DD 0 0 0 Myotis_schaubi 0 sciname match Myotis_schaubi 0 Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586 Vespertilionidae Myotis Myotis schaubi Kormos 1934 0 Földt Közl., Budapest 69:10:00 Schaub's Myotis araxenus Dahl, 1947; kretzoii Topál, 1981. Hungary (Pliocene). See discussion in Horácek et al. (2000). Extant populations limited to Armenia and W Iran. Not Listed Data Deficient The nominate subspecies is known only from the Pliocene and is presumably extinct. The living subspecies, araxenus, was formerly included in nattereri; see HorÃ¡cek and HanÃ¡k (1984). Reviewed by HorÃ¡cek et al. (2000). Ã‡oraman et al. (2019) suggested that the extant populations be elevated to species level as M. araxenus, with schaubi recognized only as a fossil form; however, we retain the subspecies within schaubi pending further study. Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505 NA Myotis schaubi; Myotis schaubi; Myotis schaubi; Myotis schaubi; Myotis schaubi; Myotis schaubi; schaubi; araxenus; araxenus - kretzoii; araxenus; araxenus; kretzoii; schaubi; araxenus; kretzoii; Murin de Schaub; Schaub-Mausohr; Ratonero de Schaub; Schaub's Myotis; Schaub's Myotis; Schaub's Myotis; M. schaubi