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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L948	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	Myotis blythii [synonym of]	Myotis blythii punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus	Myotis punicus		[MSW3] Originally described as a subspecies of blythii, but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis, and oxygnathus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus is treated as a separate species here.; [HMW] Myotis blythit punicus Felten in Felten et al, 1977 , “Hohle [= Cave] El Haouaria, Cap [= Cape] Bon, Tunesien [= Tunisia ],” north-central Africa. Subgenus Myotis ; myotis species group. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Originally described as a subspecies of blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii , myotis , and oxygnathus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus istreated as a separate species here.; [IUCN] Originally described as a subspecies of M. blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis and oxygnathus (Ruedi and Mayer 2001).; [batnames2023] Originally described as a subspecies of blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii , myotis , and oxygnathus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus istreated as a separate species here.; [batnames2025_1.7] Originally described as a subspecies of blythii, but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis, and oxygnathus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus istreated as a separate species here.														punicus	Originally described as a subspecies of M. blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis and oxygnathus (Ruedi and Mayer 2001).			punicus 	punicus 			punicus Felten in Felten, Spitzenberger, & Storch, 1977						N/A																																								NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae		Myotis punicus	Myotis		punicus	Felten, Spitzenberger, and Storch		1977		Senkenberg. Biol.	58		39		Maghrebian Myotis	Tunisia, Cap Bon, El Haouaria Cave.	Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Malta, Corsica (France), and Sardinia (Italy).	IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001).		Originally described as a subspecies of blythii, but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis, and oxygnathus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus is treated as a separate species here.	4C3D87E8FF236A9CFA50955A1760B6B4	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	978	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF236A9CFA50955A1760B6B4.xml	Myotis punicus	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	punicus	Felten	1977	Murin du Maghreb @fr | Punisches Mausohr @de | Ratonero de Magreb @es | Felten's Myotis @en | Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat @en | Maghrebian Myotis @en	Myotis blythit punicus Felten in Felten et al, 1977 , “Hohle [= Cave] El Haouaria, Cap [= Cape] Bon, Tunesien [= Tunisia ],” north-central Africa. Subgenus Myotis ; myotis species group. Monotypic.	W Mediterranean Is (Sardinia, Corsica , Malta , Gozo , Pantelleria), NW Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia , and Libya .	Head—body 67-79 mm , ear 26- 1-29 mm , forearm 54-63- 9 mm ; weight 19-25 g . The Maghreb Myotisis a cryptic species with the Greater Myotis ( M. myotis ) and the Lesser Myotis ( M. blythii ). Dorsal fur is fluffy and dark brown or gray, contrasting with whitish or pale brown venter. Wings are inserted at base oftoes; wingspans are 350-410 mm . Ears are very long, and together with its larger size allowsfield identification when resting. Tragusis fully pigmented, without dark spot on tip as in the Greater Myotis . The Maghreb Myotis is more similar to the Lesser Myotis than to the Greater Myotis , although it cannot be identified at species level with only external morphology. There is no report of the Maghreb Myotis living sympatrically with the Great Myotis or the Lesser Myotis ; they are genetically very differentiated. Skull is large with robust rostrum and low braincase compared to unrelated Myotis ; forehead region is moderately concave and sagittal crestis strongly developed. P? is about one-half height and crown area of P? or less and is within tooth row or somewhatlingually displaced.	Various habitats particularly open habitats (e.g. pastures, agricultural lands, or meadows) with little and short vegetation from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1200 m . The Maghreb Myotisis rarely found in forests or cluttered environments, but it does forage in edges or linear structures. Because it occurs in North Africa, it is often forages in semi-desert areas.	Diets of Maghreb Myotis mainly contain grasshoppers, bush-crickets, crickets, beetles, and moths. In some regions, Diptera also is a large percentage of diets. Cicadas, spiders, and other bugs are also found in feces. It tends to hunt in areas with low or strongly grazed vegetation because it needs to fly very close to the ground to glean prey. It can capture prey by hovering and capturing it with its feet or by landing on top of it. It can switch from gleaning to aerial hawking if no ground insects are available and flying insects are more abundant.	Maternity colonies of the Maghreb Myotis are always in underground roosts (e.g. caves or mines) and contain several hundred up to 1000 adult females. Parturition dates vary between regions: March-April in Algeria and May in Morocco . Females become sexually active during their first year oflife.	The Maghreb Myotisis a strictly cave dwelling. It roosts in natural and artificial roosts (e.g. caves, mines, or buildings). In Corsica , roosts have internal temperatures of 4-9°C in winter and 10-28°C in summer. Echolocation is almost identical to that of the Greater Myotis and the Lesser Myotis , hindering identification of pulses during acoustic surveys. Pulses are extremely modulated and range from 80-90 kHz to 20-30 kHz, with peak frequencies c.30 kHz.	Besides maternity colonies, Maghreb Myotis often roost alone in ruins, tunnels, roofs, and cracks in bridges. These individuals, usually males, defend their spot fiercely during the mating season (usually in August). When reproductive season ends, individuals move to hibernacula that tend to be very close to maternity colonies (even in the same cave if it has proper conditions for hibernation). Long-distance movements have not been reported, but seasonal distances between winter and summer roosts are largely unknown. Maximum reported distance is ¢. 22 km , and the 12 km between Corsica and Sardinia seem to minimize gene flow and keep populations isolated. Divergence time of these populations is estimated to be in the early to Middle Pleistocene. Populations in North Africa and on Mediterranean islands are highly differentiated. Maximum longevity is reportedly 5-8 years. Maghreb Myotis commonly share space with other strict cave-dwelling species such as several species of Rhinolophus, Schreibers’s Long-fingered Bats ( Miniopterus schreibersii ), and Long-fingered Myotis (M. capaccinii ).	Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Main threats to the Maghreb Myotis are disturbance in caves and mines by tourists, fires, and vandalism. Some individuals have been captured for medical purposes.	Agnarsson et al. (2011) | Ahmim & Moali (2011) | Baron & Vella (2010) | Bendjeddou, Bitam et al. (2013) | Bendjeddou, Bouslama & Amr (2016) | Beuneux (2004) | Biollaz et al. (2010) | Bosso et al. (2016) | Bruyndonckx et al. (2010) | Castella et al. (2000) | Ruedi & Mayer (2001) | Walters et al. (2012)	https://zenodo.org/record/6399001/files/figure.png	488. Maghreb Myotis Myotis punicus French: Murin du Maghreb / German: Punisches Mausohr / Spanish: Ratonero de Magreb Other common names: Felten's Myotis , Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat , Maghrebian Myotis Taxonomy. Myotis blythit punicus Felten in Felten et al, 1977 , “Hohle [= Cave] El Haouaria, Cap [= Cape] Bon, Tunesien [= Tunisia ],” north-central Africa. Subgenus Myotis ; myotis species group. Monotypic. Distribution. W Mediterranean Is (Sardinia, Corsica , Malta , Gozo , Pantelleria), NW Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia , and Libya . Descriptive notes. Head—body 67-79 mm , ear 26- 1-29 mm , forearm 54-63- 9 mm ; weight 19-25 g . The Maghreb Myotisis a cryptic species with the Greater Myotis ( M. myotis ) and the Lesser Myotis ( M. blythii ). Dorsal fur is fluffy and dark brown or gray, contrasting with whitish or pale brown venter. Wings are inserted at base oftoes; wingspans are 350-410 mm . Ears are very long, and together with its larger size allowsfield identification when resting. Tragusis fully pigmented, without dark spot on tip as in the Greater Myotis . The Maghreb Myotis is more similar to the Lesser Myotis than to the Greater Myotis , although it cannot be identified at species level with only external morphology. There is no report of the Maghreb Myotis living sympatrically with the Great Myotis or the Lesser Myotis ; they are genetically very differentiated. Skull is large with robust rostrum and low braincase compared to unrelated Myotis ; forehead region is moderately concave and sagittal crestis strongly developed. P? is about one-half height and crown area of P? or less and is within tooth row or somewhatlingually displaced. Habitat. Various habitats particularly open habitats (e.g. pastures, agricultural lands, or meadows) with little and short vegetation from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1200 m . The Maghreb Myotisis rarely found in forests or cluttered environments, but it does forage in edges or linear structures. Because it occurs in North Africa, it is often forages in semi-desert areas. Food and Feeding. Diets of Maghreb Myotis mainly contain grasshoppers, bush-crickets, crickets, beetles, and moths. In some regions, Diptera also is a large percentage of diets. Cicadas, spiders, and other bugs are also found in feces. It tends to hunt in areas with low or strongly grazed vegetation because it needs to fly very close to the ground to glean prey. It can capture prey by hovering and capturing it with its feet or by landing on top of it. It can switch from gleaning to aerial hawking if no ground insects are available and flying insects are more abundant. Breeding. Maternity colonies of the Maghreb Myotis are always in underground roosts (e.g. caves or mines) and contain several hundred up to 1000 adult females. Parturition dates vary between regions: March-April in Algeria and May in Morocco . Females become sexually active during their first year oflife. Activity patterns. The Maghreb Myotisis a strictly cave dwelling. It roosts in natural and artificial roosts (e.g. caves, mines, or buildings). In Corsica , roosts have internal temperatures of 4-9°C in winter and 10-28°C in summer. Echolocation is almost identical to that of the Greater Myotis and the Lesser Myotis , hindering identification of pulses during acoustic surveys. Pulses are extremely modulated and range from 80-90 kHz to 20-30 kHz, with peak frequencies c.30 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Besides maternity colonies, Maghreb Myotis often roost alone in ruins, tunnels, roofs, and cracks in bridges. These individuals, usually males, defend their spot fiercely during the mating season (usually in August). When reproductive season ends, individuals move to hibernacula that tend to be very close to maternity colonies (even in the same cave if it has proper conditions for hibernation). Long-distance movements have not been reported, but seasonal distances between winter and summer roosts are largely unknown. Maximum reported distance is ¢. 22 km , and the 12 km between Corsica and Sardinia seem to minimize gene flow and keep populations isolated. Divergence time of these populations is estimated to be in the early to Middle Pleistocene. Populations in North Africa and on Mediterranean islands are highly differentiated. Maximum longevity is reportedly 5-8 years. Maghreb Myotis commonly share space with other strict cave-dwelling species such as several species of Rhinolophus, Schreibers’s Long-fingered Bats ( Miniopterus schreibersii ), and Long-fingered Myotis (M. capaccinii ). Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Main threats to the Maghreb Myotis are disturbance in caves and mines by tourists, fires, and vandalism. Some individuals have been captured for medical purposes. Bibliography. Agnarsson et al. (2011), Ahmim & Moali (2011), Baron & Vella (2010), Bendjeddou, Bitam et al. (2013), Bendjeddou, Bouslama & Amr (2016), Beuneux (2004), Biollaz et al. (2010), Bosso et al. (2016), Bruyndonckx et al. (2010), Castella et al. (2000), Ruedi & Mayer (2001), Walters et al. (2012).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Myotis punicus	Myotis	Unassigned-Myotis	punicus	Felten, Spitzenberger & Storch	1977	0	Senkenberg. Biol.	######	Maghrebian Myotis	None.	Tunisia, Cap Bon, El Haouaria Cave.	Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Malta, Corsica (France), and Sardinia (Italy).	Not listed.	Data Deficient	Originally described as a subspecies of blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii , myotis , and oxygnathus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus istreated as a separate species here.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Myotis punicus	23	Maghreb Myotis	Felten's Myotis|Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat|Maghrebian Myotis	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Myotis	punicus	Felten in Felten, Spitzenberger, & Storch	1977	0	Myotis_blythii_punicus	Felten, H. (1977). In Felten, H. Spitzenberger, F. & Storch, G. On small mammals from Western Asia Minor. Senckenbergiana biologica, 58, 39.		SMF 44104		"Höhle [= Cave] El Haouaria, Cap [= Cape] Bon, Tunesien [= Tunisia]," north-central Africa.			punicus Felten, 1977	NA	NA	France|Italy|Malta|Morocco|Algeria|Tunisia|Libya	Africa|Europe	Palearctic	DD	0	0	0	Myotis_punicus	0	sciname match	Myotis_punicus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	44864	Myotis punicus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Myotis	punicus	Felten, Spitzenberger, and Storch, 1977	Originally described as a subspecies of M. blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis and oxygnathus (Ruedi and Mayer 2001).	20000000	Myotis punicus	Data Deficient		2016	2016-04-25 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Insufficient information about population dimension and demographic trends to make an assessment. It is probably declining but needs further research.	The Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat (Myotis punicus ) ;roosts in caves and artificial subterranean habitats and forages in a variety of habitats from forest to cultivated land, also in semi-desert areas. This bat seems to have a high roost fidelity (Baron and Vella 2010).	In the African part of the range, the cave habitat where the species roosts is being destroyed by fires and vandalism. Species are collected for medicine.	This species seems to number over 10,000 individuals. It is found in large colonies (300 to 500 individuals). In the Maltese Island Myotis punicus ;is listed as Vulnerable (VU) (Baron and Vella 2010).	Unknown	This species occurs in northwest Africa (Mediterranean) from Morocco to western Libya. Also found on the Mediterranean islands of Corsica (France) and Sardinia (Italy) (Castella et al . 2000).		Terrestrial	None in place. Further research into population trends, establishment and management of protected areas, education, and implementation of national-scale legislation are needed.	Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global & Mediterranean	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Unassigned - Myotis	punicus	Felten, Spitzenberger & Storch	1977	0	Senkenberg. Biol.	58:39:00	Maghrebian Myotis	None.	Tunisia, Cap Bon, El Haouaria Cave.	Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Malta, Corsica (France), and Sardinia (Italy).	Not listed.	Data Deficient	Originally described as a subspecies of blythii , but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii , myotis , and oxygnathus ; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus istreated as a separate species here.	Myotis punicus	1005460	23	Maghreb Myotis	Felten's Myotis|Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat|Maghrebian Myotis	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Myotis	punicus	Felten in Felten, Spitzenberger, & Storch	1977	0	Myotis_blythii_punicus	Felten, H. (1977). In Felten, H. Spitzenberger, F. & Storch, G. On small mammals from Western Asia Minor. Senckenbergiana biologica, 58, 39.		SMF 44104		"Höhle [= Cave] El Haouaria, Cap [= Cape] Bon, Tunesien [= Tunisia]," north-central Africa.			punicus Felten, 1977	NA	NA				France|Italy|Malta|Morocco|Algeria|Tunisia|Libya	Africa|Europe	Palearctic	DD	0	0	0	Myotis_punicus	0	sciname match	Myotis_punicus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Myotis_punicus	1005460	23	Maghreb Myotis	Felten's Myotis|Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat|Maghrebian Myotis	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae	NA	Myotis	Myotis	punicus	Felten in Felten, Spitzenberger, & Storch	0	Myotis blythii punicus	Felten, H., Spitzenberger, F. and Storch, G. 1977-08-22. Zur Kleinsäugerfauna West-Anatoliens. Teil IIIa. Senckenbergiana biologica 58(1-2):1-44.		SMF:MAMM:44104	holotype		"Höhle [= Cave] El Haouaria, Cap [= Cape] Bon, Tunesien [= Tunisia]," north-central Africa.			NA	NA				France|Italy|Malta|Morocco|Algeria|Tunisia|Libya	Africa|Europe	Palearctic	DD	0	0	0	Myotis_punicus	0	sciname match	Myotis_punicus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Myotis	punicus	Felten in Felten, Spitzenberger & Storch	1977	0	Senkenberg. Biol.	58:39:00	Maghrebian Myotis	None.	Tunisia, Cap Bon, El Haouaria Cave.	Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Malta, Corsica (France), and Sardinia (Italy).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44864/22073410/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	Originally described as a subspecies of blythii, but recently shown to lie outside a clade including blythii, myotis, and oxygnathus; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001). Also see Borg (1998) and Castella et al. (2000). Accordingly, punicus istreated as a separate species here.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Myotis punicus; Myotis punicus; Myotis punicus; Myotis punicus; Myotis punicus; Myotis punicus; punicus; Murin du Maghreb; Punisches Mausohr; Ratonero de Magreb; Felten's Myotis; Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat; Maghrebian Myotis; Maghreb Myotis; Felten's Myotis; Maghreb Mouse-eared Bat; Maghrebian Myotis; Maghrebian Myotis; Maghrebian Myotis; M. punicus