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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L848	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	Myotis leibii [synonym of]	Myotis leibii melanorhinus	Myotis melanorhinus	Myotis melanorhinus	Myotis ciliolabrum [synonym of]	Myotis ciliolabrum [synonym of]	Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus	Myotis ciliolabrum ciliolabrum [synonym of]	Myotis ciliolabrum [synonym of]	Myotis ciliolabrum [synonym of]	 	Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus		[MSW3] Included in leibii or ciliolabrum by various authors, but see van Zyll de Jong (1984). Reviewed by Holloway and Barclay (2001), who treated it as a subspecies of ciliolabrum.; [HMW] Vespertilio melanorhinus Merriam, 1890 , “San Francisco Mountain, Arizona ,” USA . Subgenus Pyzonix; lucifugus species group. Myotis melanorhinus was previously a subspecies of M. leibii and later M. ciliolabrum . Morphology and morphometric characters support its full species status. Monotypic.; [IUCN] Included in leibii or ciliolabrum by various authors, but see van Zyll de Jong (1985). Reviewed by Holloway and Barclay (2001), who treated it as a subspecies of ciliolabrum .															Included in leibii or ciliolabrum by various authors, but see van Zyll de Jong (1985). Reviewed by Holloway and Barclay (2001), who treated it as a subspecies of ciliolabrum .													N/A																																											Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae		Myotis melanorhinus	Myotis		melanorhinus	Merriam		1890		N. Amer. Fauna	3		46		Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis	United States, Arizona, Coconino Co., N base of San Francisco Mountain, Little Spring, 8,250 ft (2,750 m).	British Columbia (Canada) south to C Mexico and east to W Oklahoma (USA).	IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001).		Included in leibii or ciliolabrum by various authors, but see van Zyll de Jong (1984). Reviewed by Holloway and Barclay (2001), who treated it as a subspecies of ciliolabrum.	4C3D87E8FF5F6AE0FF4F9FAF19EABC20	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	926	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF5F6AE0FF4F9FAF19EABC20.xml	Myotis melanorhinus	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	melanorhinus			Murin a face noire @fr | Dunkelnasen-Kleinfufs-Mausohr @de | Ratonero de cara negra @es	Vespertilio melanorhinus Merriam, 1890 , “San Francisco Mountain, Arizona ,” USA . Subgenus Pyzonix; lucifugus species group. Myotis melanorhinus was previously a subspecies of M. leibii and later M. ciliolabrum . Morphology and morphometric characters support its full species status. Monotypic.	Widely in North America, from SE British Columbia ( Canada ) S through W & C USA to C Mexico .	Head-body c. 40-44 mm , tail 29-41 mm , ear 10-13 mm , hindfoot 5-9 mm , forearm 32-35- 3 mm ; weight 3-5 g . The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis is morphologically similar to the Eastern Small-footed Myotis (M. leibir). Furis long,silky, and usually glossy. Dorsal hairs are bicolored, with dark brown bases and dark buff to yellowish brown tips. Ventral hairs are paler, with blackish bases and yellowish tan or cinereous tips. Ears are medium to long, reaching tip of nose or slightly exceeding it when extended forward; tragus is long and slender, tapering slightly at tip. Membranes, ears, and face are black. Plagiopatagium is attached to feet by a broad band of membrane; calcar has pronounced keel-shaped extension. Skull is small (greatest skull length less than 15- 9 mm ); frontal area of skull rises gently from rostrum; braincase is flattened; occipital region is rounded posteriorly; and sagittal and lambdoidal crests are absent. Teeth are large, upper incisors are smaller, and premolars and molars are larger.	Primary and secondary vegetation, including pine-oak forests, tropical deciduous forests with numerous cacti, grasslands, xerophytic scrub, and cultivated areas at elevations of 500-2400 m . The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis seems to prefer arid habitats where it is associated with cliffs and talus fields; in prairies, it is associated with clay buttes and steep riverbanks.	The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis is an aerial insectivore that flies slowly and erratically while foraging among trees or over water. Prey is caught and ingested in flight. Diet includes various flying insects, particularly moths ( Lepidoptera ), but also flies ( Diptera ), bugs ( Hemiptera ), beetles ( Coleoptera ), and caddisflies (Trichoptera).	The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis is probably seasonal monoestrous. In northern populations, mating occurs shortly before hibernation, and females store sperm. Gestation lasts about two months; births usually occur in early summer. Females give birth to one young, with some reports of twins. In Mexico , lactating females were reported in May.	The Dark-nosed Smallfooted Myotis begins its activity shortly after sunset with peaks of activity in the first three hours of the night. It hibernates in caves, mines, and rock crevices for periods of about five months from the end of November to beginning of April. The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis roosts in rock crevices, clay banks, caves, mines, tree holes, spaces beneath and between boulders in talus fields, and roofs of abandoned buildings and under bark. In Washington , calls are FM and short (1-3 milliseconds), sweeping from 60 kHz to 40 kHz.	Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis in Oregon moved 6-24 km round trip from roosts to foraging areas. There is a high fidelity to feeding areas, but roost switching within those areasis frequent. During hibernation, it forms small groups of both sexes located near entrances of caves (or other hibernacula). In summer, females form small maternity colonies located in rock crevices.	Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. The Darknosed Smallfooted Myotis is widespread but considered uncommon in most ofits distribution, occurs in several protected areas, and is unlikely to be declining at a rate to qualify for listing in a threatened category.	Alvarez (2014) | Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castafieda (2017i) | Halloway & Barclay (2001) | Harvey et al. (2011) | Holloway & Barclay (2001) | Merriam (1890) | Rodhouse & Hyde (2014) | Sanchez-Hernandez et al. (2016) | Thomas et al. (1987) | van Zyll de Jong (1985)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398650/files/figure.png	373. Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis Myotis melanorhinus French: Murin a face noire / German: Dunkelnasen-Kleinfufs-Mausohr / Spanish: Ratonero de cara negra Taxonomy. Vespertilio melanorhinus Merriam, 1890 , “San Francisco Mountain, Arizona ,” USA . Subgenus Pyzonix; lucifugus species group. Myotis melanorhinus was previously a subspecies of M. leibii and later M. ciliolabrum . Morphology and morphometric characters support its full species status. Monotypic. Distribution. Widely in North America, from SE British Columbia ( Canada ) S through W & C USA to C Mexico . Descriptive notes. Head-body c. 40-44 mm , tail 29-41 mm , ear 10-13 mm , hindfoot 5-9 mm , forearm 32-35- 3 mm ; weight 3-5 g . The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis is morphologically similar to the Eastern Small-footed Myotis (M. leibir). Furis long,silky, and usually glossy. Dorsal hairs are bicolored, with dark brown bases and dark buff to yellowish brown tips. Ventral hairs are paler, with blackish bases and yellowish tan or cinereous tips. Ears are medium to long, reaching tip of nose or slightly exceeding it when extended forward; tragus is long and slender, tapering slightly at tip. Membranes, ears, and face are black. Plagiopatagium is attached to feet by a broad band of membrane; calcar has pronounced keel-shaped extension. Skull is small (greatest skull length less than 15- 9 mm ); frontal area of skull rises gently from rostrum; braincase is flattened; occipital region is rounded posteriorly; and sagittal and lambdoidal crests are absent. Teeth are large, upper incisors are smaller, and premolars and molars are larger. Habitat. Primary and secondary vegetation, including pine-oak forests, tropical deciduous forests with numerous cacti, grasslands, xerophytic scrub, and cultivated areas at elevations of 500-2400 m . The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis seems to prefer arid habitats where it is associated with cliffs and talus fields; in prairies, it is associated with clay buttes and steep riverbanks. Food and Feeding. The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis is an aerial insectivore that flies slowly and erratically while foraging among trees or over water. Prey is caught and ingested in flight. Diet includes various flying insects, particularly moths ( Lepidoptera ), but also flies ( Diptera ), bugs ( Hemiptera ), beetles ( Coleoptera ), and caddisflies (Trichoptera). Breeding. The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis is probably seasonal monoestrous. In northern populations, mating occurs shortly before hibernation, and females store sperm. Gestation lasts about two months; births usually occur in early summer. Females give birth to one young, with some reports of twins. In Mexico , lactating females were reported in May. Activity patterns. The Dark-nosed Smallfooted Myotis begins its activity shortly after sunset with peaks of activity in the first three hours of the night. It hibernates in caves, mines, and rock crevices for periods of about five months from the end of November to beginning of April. The Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis roosts in rock crevices, clay banks, caves, mines, tree holes, spaces beneath and between boulders in talus fields, and roofs of abandoned buildings and under bark. In Washington , calls are FM and short (1-3 milliseconds), sweeping from 60 kHz to 40 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis in Oregon moved 6-24 km round trip from roosts to foraging areas. There is a high fidelity to feeding areas, but roost switching within those areasis frequent. During hibernation, it forms small groups of both sexes located near entrances of caves (or other hibernacula). In summer, females form small maternity colonies located in rock crevices. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. The Darknosed Smallfooted Myotis is widespread but considered uncommon in most ofits distribution, occurs in several protected areas, and is unlikely to be declining at a rate to qualify for listing in a threatened category. Bibliography. Alvarez (2014), Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castafieda (2017i), Halloway & Barclay (2001), Harvey et al. (2011), Holloway & Barclay (2001), Merriam (1890), Rodhouse & Hyde (2014), Sanchez-Hernandez et al. (2016), Thomas et al. (1987), van Zyll de Jong (1985).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	synonym of Myotis ciliolabrum	Myotis	Unassigned-Myotis	ciliolabrum													Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2050	synonym of Myotis ciliolabrum																																													IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	136784	Myotis melanorhinus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Myotis	melanorhinus	Merriam, 1890	Included in leibii or ciliolabrum by various authors, but see van Zyll de Jong (1985). Reviewed by Holloway and Barclay (2001), who treated it as a subspecies of ciliolabrum .	20000000	Myotis melanorhinus	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-29 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern in because of its wide distribution (although it seem uncommon), occurrence in a number of protected areas, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.	Hibernates in caves for periods of 5 months, starting at the end of November to the beginning of April (Ceballos and Oliva 2005). These small bats are typically found in conifer forests and other habitats that receive moderate moisture (Holloway and Barclay 2001). ;This species feeds on a variety of small flying insects. Prey includes moths, flies, beetles, and bugs. Foraging flight is slow and maneuverable; this small bat is often seen foraging among trees and over water.	There are no major threats throughout the species' geographic range.	Although this bat occurs in a wide range (Ceballos and Oliva 2005), they are not common everywhere.	Stable	This species is distributed from British Columbia (Canada) south to Central Mexico and east to west Oklahoma (USA) (Simmons 2005).		Terrestrial	Inside its wide range it is possible to find several protected areas where its populations are relatively secure. Until recently, it has been listed under M. ciliolabrum , and therefore some basic ecological information may not properly pertain to this species. This distinction should be assessed to have a clear understanding of its populations and threats.	Nearctic|Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 																																																																		Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393																																																	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586																		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505		Myotis melanorhinus; Myotis melanorhinus; Myotis ciliolabrum; Myotis ciliolabrum; Myotis melanorhinus; ; Murin a face noire; Dunkelnasen-Kleinfufs-Mausohr; Ratonero de cara negra; Dark-nosed Small-footed Myotis;; M. ciliolabrum