http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L841	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis capaccinii		[MSW2] Subgenus Leuconoe. See comment under macrodactylus.; [MSW3] See comment under macrodactylus. Does not include fimbriatus; see Corbet (1978c) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002).; [HMW] Vespertilio capaccinit Bonaparte, 1837 , Sicily , Italy . Subgenus Myotis ; capaccinii species group (1 species). The relationship of M. capaccinii to other Myotis speciesisstill relatively uncertain and the species is placed in its own monotypic species group. The species appears to be closely related to the siligorensis group based on limited genetic data. There is genetic evidence for the existence of two subspecies, although not all populations of the species have been included in genetic studies. The name abidinbudakiwas described as a subspecies by A. Karatas in 2019 from Anatolia , but this name is considered a synonym of M. c. bureschi here. Two subspecies recognized.; [batnames2022] See comment under macrodactylus . Does not include fimbriatus ; see Corbet (1978 c ) and Corbet and Hill (1992).Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002). Although Bilgin et al. (2008) found some evidence supporting the existence of two subspecies of capaccinii in their study area (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), additional research, and comparisons with the types, are needed. Consequently we do not follow López‐Baucells (2019) who recognized the nominate subspecies as well as bureschi .; [IUCN] Most recent authors consider M. capaccinii as a monotypic species (Spitzenberger and von Helversen 2001).; [batnames2023] See comment under macrodactylus . Does not include fimbriatus ; see Corbet (1978 c ) and Corbet and Hill (1992).Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002). Although Bilgin et al. (2008) found some evidence supporting the existence of two subspecies of capaccinii in their study area (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), additional research, and comparisons with the types, are needed. Consequently we do not follow López‐Baucells (2019) who recognized the nominate subspecies as well as bureschi .; [batnames2025_1.7] See comment under macrodactylus. Does not include fimbriatus; see Corbet (1978c) and Corbet and Hill (1992).Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002). Although Bilgin et al. (2008) found some evidence supporting the existence of two subspecies of capaccinii in their study area (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), additional research, and comparisons with the types, are needed. Consequently we do not follow López‐Baucells (2019) who recognized the nominate subspecies as well as bureschi.						blasii, bureschi, dasypus, major, megapodius, pellucens.	capaccinii, bureschi		blasii, bureschi, dasypus, majori, megapodius, pellucens	capaccini, bureschi	bureschi - abidinbudakiwas	capaccinii 	capaccinii - blasii, bureschi, dasypus, majori, megapodius, pellucens	capaccinii, megapodius, dasypus, pellucens, blasii, majori, bureschi, abidinbudaki	Most recent authors consider M. capaccinii as a monotypic species (Spitzenberger and von Helversen 2001).	capaccinii 	capaccinii - abidinbudaki, blasii, bureschi, dasypus, majori, megapodius, pellucens	capaccinii, megapodius, dasypus, pellucens, blasii, majori, bureschi, abidinbudaki 	capaccinii, capaccini, megapodius, dasypus, cappacini, megapodus, pellucens, blasii, blasii, majori, bureschi, abidinbudaki	capaccinii 	capaccinii - abidinbudaki, blasii, bureschi, dasypus, majori, megapodius, pellucens	capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837)|capaccini (J. E. Gray, 1838) [incorrect subsequent spelling]|megapodius (Temminck, 1840)|dasypus (de Sélys-Longchamps, 1841)|cappacini (Lesson, 1842) [incorrect subsequent spelling]|megapodus (Lesson, 1842) [incorrect subsequent spelling]|pellucens (Crespon, 1844)|blasii (Kolenati, 1860)|blasii (Forsyth Major, 1877) [preoccupied]|majori (Ninni, 1878) [nomen novum]|bureschi (Heinrich, 1936)|abidinbudaki KarataÅŸ, 2019		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Long-fingered bat	N Africa, Spain – Iran	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Myotis capaccinii	Italy, Sicily.	Bonaparte	1837	Fauna Ital., 1, fasc. 20.	Distribution: Ranging from northwestern Africa through southern Europe to southwestern Asia.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Long-fingered bat	Spain – Uzbekistan; N Africa; V	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Bonaparte	1837	Fauna Ital., 1, fasc. 20.	Subgenus Leuconoe. See comment under macrodactylus.	Mediterranean zone and islands of Europe and NW Africa; Turkey; Israel; Iraq; Iran; Uzbekistan.	Italy, Sicily.		BONAPARTE	1837	Size medium (forearm length, 37-43 mm; condylobasal length, 13-15 mm). Margin of plagiopatagium attached to ankle. Braincase of medium height.	Distribution: Ranging from northwestern Africa through southern Europe to southwestern Asia.	Two subspecies are here recognized:	M. c. capaccinii (northwestern Africa to Yugoslavia), M. c. bureschi (Bulgaria to Turkmenia).	107	species	M. capaccinii	BONAPARTE	1837	Leuconoe	subgenus	Myotis capaccinii				Size medium (forearm length, 37-43 mm; condylobasal length, 13-15 mm). Margin of plagiopatagium attached to ankle. Braincase of medium height.	Two subspecies are here recognized:		68. M. capaccinii (BONAPARTE 1837) [daubentoni group].	68	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae		Myotis capaccinii	Myotis		capaccinii	Bonaparte	y	1837		Fauna Ital.	1		fasc. 20		Long-fingered Myotis	Italy, Sicily.	Mediterranean zone and islands of Europe and NW Africa; Bulgaria; Turkey; Israel; Iraq; Iran; Uzbekistan.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	blasii Kolenati, 1860; bureschi Heinrich, 1936; dasypus de Selys Longchamps, 1841; majori Ninni, 1878; megapodius Temminck, 1840; pellucens Crespon, 1844.	See comment under macrodactylus. Does not include fimbriatus; see Corbet (1978c) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002).	4C3D87E8FF316A8EFF50920C1679BD9B	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	964	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF316A8EFF50920C1679BD9B.xml	Myotis capaccinii	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	capaccinii		1837	Murin de Capaccini @fr | Langful3fledermaus @de | Ratonero patudo @es | Long-fingered Bat @en | Long-fringed Bat @en	Vespertilio capaccinit Bonaparte, 1837 , Sicily , Italy . Subgenus Myotis ; capaccinii species group (1 species). The relationship of M. capaccinii to other Myotis speciesisstill relatively uncertain and the species is placed in its own monotypic species group. The species appears to be closely related to the siligorensis group based on limited genetic data. There is genetic evidence for the existence of two subspecies, although not all populations of the species have been included in genetic studies. The name abidinbudakiwas described as a subspecies by A. Karatas in 2019 from Anatolia , but this name is considered a synonym of M. c. bureschi here. Two subspecies recognized.	M.c.capacciniBonaparte,1837—Mediterraneancountriesbelow46°N,fromEIbe-rianPeninsula,NAfrica,andlargeislands(Balearics,Corsica,Sardinia,Sicily,andCrete). M. c. bureschi Heinrich, 1936 — W & S Turkey , Cyprus , Syria , Lebanon , Israel , Iraq , and W Iran .	Head-body 43-54 mm ,tail 34-42 mm , ear 13-15 mm , hindfoot 12-15 mm , forearm 38- 4-44 mm ; weight 7-10 g . The Long-fingered Myotis is similar in appearance to Daubenton’s Myotis ( M. daubentonii ), but it has very distinctive large and strong feet that are one-half as long as tibiae and covered with long and strong bristles. The Long-fingered Myotis is the only European species of Myotis in which the wing attachesat distal end oftibia. Fur is soft, dense, and silky. Dorsal pelage is pale brownish gray (hairs with dark blackish brown basal one-half and pale brownish gray terminal one-half). Ventral pelage is white to yellowish (hairs blackish brown with white or yellowish tips). Juveniles are darker and browner. Uropatagium and tibia are distinctly covered in brown downy hair, withoutbristle-like hairs at posterior margin. Ears are grayish brown and relatively short, with outer margin slightly notched; tragus is Sshaped with bluntly pointed tip, only about one-half the ear height. Membranes are grayish brown. Nostrils are noticeably protuberant and facial skin is rufous brown to dark gray. Calcaris straight and extends one-third the way to tailtip, lacking developed lobe. Skull is small and delicate with comparatively high braincase and strongly concave forehead regions; there is no sagittal crest. P? is slightly reduced, being over one-half height and about one-half crown area of P?, but is within tooth row. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50 ( Turkey ) or 52 ( Turkey and Greece ).	Kart limestone areas (generally associated with slow-flowing broad rivers, big lakes, and limestone rivers), wetlands, and shrublands, always open habitats free of vegetation, at elevations up to ¢. 1200 m . The Long-fingered Myotis is mostly found in Mediterranean climatic regions.	The Long-fingered Myotis feeds on small arthropods above open and calm water surfaces by trawling. Similar to Daubenton’s Myotis and the Pond Myotis ( M. dasycneme ), it captures prey in its uropatagium, flying in large circles very close to the water surface. It can also capture flying mosquitoes and other small insects. Forests or brushlands away from water are also used for foraging. It mostly eats insects such asflies and caddisflies, moths, and Hymenoptera . It can also capture small fishes (e.g. mosquito fish). It can detect vibrations on the water surface and capture prey by immersing its feet under the water. Capture success is significantly higher in calm water,free of vegetation.	Maternity colonies of 30-600 individuals roost in caves and mines, usually sharing them with other cave-dwelling bat species. In the eastern part ofits distribution where the Long-fingered Myotis is generally warm and humid, some colonies have more than 2000 individuals. Births take place between end of May and end of June; litters have only one young. Young lactate until the end ofJuly when they start foraging on their own. Mating occursat the end of September and early October in winter roosts. Females are sexually mature in their first year and males in their second year. Mating occurs in autumn (October-November) at swarming sites (e.g. specific caves and mines) where individuals from different regions congregate.	The Long-fingered Myotis roosts in caves and mines year-round. Echolocation calls resemble typical pulses of all European species of Myotis , with broadband FM signalsstarting at 70-90 kHz and ending at 34-39 kHz and frequencies of maximum energy at ¢.47-50 kHz.	The Long-fingered Myotis can travel more than 20 km from the roost each night to reach foraging areas. It is not considered a long-distance migrant and does not exceed distances of 100-150 km and usually flying more than 50 km in straight line. Green corridors and linear pathways such as edges ortrails are used to commute from one site to another. It will move over the sea. It can move seasonally from lowlands to low mountains. During hibernation, it tends to shift roosts and roost alone or in small clusters in cellars, caves, or war bunkers. Clusters of Long-fingered Myotis tend to be males, and solitary individuals tend to be females. Winter roosts tend to be separated from summer roosts by not more than 150 km . It will share roost with other species such as Schreibers’s Long-fingered Bat ( Miniopterus schreibersii ) and some species of Myotis and Rhinolophus. Temperatures in winter roosts oscillate between 5°C and 10°C but not lower. Large hibernating colonies can contain thousands of individuals.	Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Although it can be locally abundant, populations of Long-fingered Myotis are currently thought to be dramatically decreasing and heavily fragmented. In Spain, for example, the population has declined by 30-50% in the last ten years. Pollution or entire loss of watercourses (especially in karstic areas), large-scale use of pesticides in agricultural areas, degradation ofriparian forests, urban development, tourism, and disturbances in roosts caves are main threats, with northern parts of the distribution most affected. In northern Africa,it is collected for traditional medical purposes. Long-fingered Myotis have disappeared in southern Switzerland and northern Italy . Hibernation sites are unknown in many parts ofits distribution.	Aihartza, Aimenar et al. (2008) | Aihartza, Goiti et al. (2003) | Aizpurua (2014) | Aizpurua & Alberdi (2018) | Aizpurua, Aihartza et al. (2014) | Aizpurua, Garin et al. (2013) | Albayrak & Asan (2002) | Almenar (2008) | Almenar et al. (2006, 2009, 2011) | Amengual et al. (2007) | Bilgin et al. (2008) | Karatas et al. (2003) | Lisén et al. (2012) | Papadatou, Butlin & Altringham (2008b) | Papadatou, Butlin, Pradel & Altringham, (2009) | Paunovi¢ (2016a) | Siemers, Stilz & Schnitzler (2001) | Volleth & Heller (2012)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398908/files/figure.png	458. Long-fingered Myotis Myotis capaccinii French: Murin de Capaccini / German: Langful3fledermaus / Spanish: Ratonero patudo Other common names: Long-fingered Bat , Long-fringed Bat Taxonomy. Vespertilio capaccinit Bonaparte, 1837 , Sicily , Italy . Subgenus Myotis ; capaccinii species group (1 species). The relationship of M. capaccinii to other Myotis speciesisstill relatively uncertain and the species is placed in its own monotypic species group. The species appears to be closely related to the siligorensis group based on limited genetic data. There is genetic evidence for the existence of two subspecies, although not all populations of the species have been included in genetic studies. The name abidinbudakiwas described as a subspecies by A. Karatas in 2019 from Anatolia , but this name is considered a synonym of M. c. bureschi here. Two subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. M.c.capacciniBonaparte,1837—Mediterraneancountriesbelow46°N,fromEIbe-rianPeninsula,NAfrica,andlargeislands(Balearics,Corsica,Sardinia,Sicily,andCrete). M. c. bureschi Heinrich, 1936 — W & S Turkey , Cyprus , Syria , Lebanon , Israel , Iraq , and W Iran . Descriptive notes. Head-body 43-54 mm ,tail 34-42 mm , ear 13-15 mm , hindfoot 12-15 mm , forearm 38- 4-44 mm ; weight 7-10 g . The Long-fingered Myotis is similar in appearance to Daubenton’s Myotis ( M. daubentonii ), but it has very distinctive large and strong feet that are one-half as long as tibiae and covered with long and strong bristles. The Long-fingered Myotis is the only European species of Myotis in which the wing attachesat distal end oftibia. Fur is soft, dense, and silky. Dorsal pelage is pale brownish gray (hairs with dark blackish brown basal one-half and pale brownish gray terminal one-half). Ventral pelage is white to yellowish (hairs blackish brown with white or yellowish tips). Juveniles are darker and browner. Uropatagium and tibia are distinctly covered in brown downy hair, withoutbristle-like hairs at posterior margin. Ears are grayish brown and relatively short, with outer margin slightly notched; tragus is Sshaped with bluntly pointed tip, only about one-half the ear height. Membranes are grayish brown. Nostrils are noticeably protuberant and facial skin is rufous brown to dark gray. Calcaris straight and extends one-third the way to tailtip, lacking developed lobe. Skull is small and delicate with comparatively high braincase and strongly concave forehead regions; there is no sagittal crest. P? is slightly reduced, being over one-half height and about one-half crown area of P?, but is within tooth row. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50 ( Turkey ) or 52 ( Turkey and Greece ). Habitat. Kart limestone areas (generally associated with slow-flowing broad rivers, big lakes, and limestone rivers), wetlands, and shrublands, always open habitats free of vegetation, at elevations up to ¢. 1200 m . The Long-fingered Myotis is mostly found in Mediterranean climatic regions. Food and Feeding. The Long-fingered Myotis feeds on small arthropods above open and calm water surfaces by trawling. Similar to Daubenton’s Myotis and the Pond Myotis ( M. dasycneme ), it captures prey in its uropatagium, flying in large circles very close to the water surface. It can also capture flying mosquitoes and other small insects. Forests or brushlands away from water are also used for foraging. It mostly eats insects such asflies and caddisflies, moths, and Hymenoptera . It can also capture small fishes (e.g. mosquito fish). It can detect vibrations on the water surface and capture prey by immersing its feet under the water. Capture success is significantly higher in calm water,free of vegetation. Breeding. Maternity colonies of 30-600 individuals roost in caves and mines, usually sharing them with other cave-dwelling bat species. In the eastern part ofits distribution where the Long-fingered Myotis is generally warm and humid, some colonies have more than 2000 individuals. Births take place between end of May and end of June; litters have only one young. Young lactate until the end ofJuly when they start foraging on their own. Mating occursat the end of September and early October in winter roosts. Females are sexually mature in their first year and males in their second year. Mating occurs in autumn (October-November) at swarming sites (e.g. specific caves and mines) where individuals from different regions congregate. Activity patterns. The Long-fingered Myotis roosts in caves and mines year-round. Echolocation calls resemble typical pulses of all European species of Myotis , with broadband FM signalsstarting at 70-90 kHz and ending at 34-39 kHz and frequencies of maximum energy at ¢.47-50 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Long-fingered Myotis can travel more than 20 km from the roost each night to reach foraging areas. It is not considered a long-distance migrant and does not exceed distances of 100-150 km and usually flying more than 50 km in straight line. Green corridors and linear pathways such as edges ortrails are used to commute from one site to another. It will move over the sea. It can move seasonally from lowlands to low mountains. During hibernation, it tends to shift roosts and roost alone or in small clusters in cellars, caves, or war bunkers. Clusters of Long-fingered Myotis tend to be males, and solitary individuals tend to be females. Winter roosts tend to be separated from summer roosts by not more than 150 km . It will share roost with other species such as Schreibers’s Long-fingered Bat ( Miniopterus schreibersii ) and some species of Myotis and Rhinolophus. Temperatures in winter roosts oscillate between 5°C and 10°C but not lower. Large hibernating colonies can contain thousands of individuals. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Although it can be locally abundant, populations of Long-fingered Myotis are currently thought to be dramatically decreasing and heavily fragmented. In Spain, for example, the population has declined by 30-50% in the last ten years. Pollution or entire loss of watercourses (especially in karstic areas), large-scale use of pesticides in agricultural areas, degradation ofriparian forests, urban development, tourism, and disturbances in roosts caves are main threats, with northern parts of the distribution most affected. In northern Africa,it is collected for traditional medical purposes. Long-fingered Myotis have disappeared in southern Switzerland and northern Italy . Hibernation sites are unknown in many parts ofits distribution. Bibliography. Aihartza, Aimenar et al. (2008), Aihartza, Goiti et al. (2003), Aizpurua (2014), Aizpurua & Alberdi (2018), Aizpurua, Aihartza et al. (2014), Aizpurua, Garin et al. (2013), Albayrak & Asan (2002), Almenar (2008), Almenar et al. (2006, 2009, 2011), Amengual et al. (2007), Bilgin et al. (2008), Karatas et al. (2003), Lisén et al. (2012), Papadatou, Butlin & Altringham (2008b), Papadatou, Butlin, Pradel & Altringham, (2009), Paunovi¢ (2016a), Siemers, Stilz & Schnitzler (2001), Volleth & Heller (2012).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Myotis capaccinii	Myotis	Unassigned-Myotis	capaccinii	Bonaparte	1837	1	Fauna Ital.	1: fasc. 20	Long-fingered Myotis	 blasii Kolenati, 1860; bureschi Heinrich, 1936; dasypus de Selys Longchamps, 1841; majori Ninni, 1878; megapodius Temminck, 1840; pellucens Crespon, 1844.	Italy, Sicily.	Mediterranean zone and islands of Europe and NW Africa; Bulgaria; Turkey; Israel; Iraq; Iran; Uzbekistan.	Not listed.	Vulnerable	See comment under macrodactylus . Does not include fimbriatus ; see Corbet (1978 c ) and Corbet and Hill (1992).Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002). Although Bilgin et al. (2008) found some evidence supporting the existence of two subspecies of capaccinii in their study area (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), additional research, and comparisons with the types, are needed. Consequently we do not follow López‐Baucells (2019) who recognized the nominate subspecies as well as bureschi .	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Myotis capaccinii	23	Long-fingered Myotis	Long-fingered Bat|Long-fringed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Myotis	capaccinii	Bonaparte	1837	1	Vespertilio_Capaccinii	Bonaparte, C. L. (1837). Iconografia della fauna italica: per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. Tip. Salviucci, Roma, fasc. 20 and pl.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/180238#page/87/mode/1up	BM 1907.1.1.734		Sicily, Italy.			capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837)|megapodius (Temminck, 1840)|dasypus (de Sélys-Longchamps, 1841)|pellucens (Crespon, 1844)|blasii (Kolenati, 1860)|majori (Ninni, 1878)|bureschi (Heinrich, 1936)|abidinbudaki KarataÅŸ, 2018	NA	NA	Morocco|Algeria|Tunisia|Spain|France|Italy|Slovenia|Croatia|Bosnia & Herzegovina|Serbia|Kosovo|Montenegro|Albania|North Macedonia|Greece|Bulgaria|Romania|Turkey|Cyprus|Lebanon|Syria|Israel|Palestine|Jordan|Iraq|Iran	Africa|Asia|Europe	Palearctic	VU	0	0	0	Myotis_capaccinii	0	sciname match	Myotis_capaccinii	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	14126	Myotis capaccinii	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Myotis	capaccinii	(Bonaparte, 1837)	Most recent authors consider M. capaccinii as a monotypic species (Spitzenberger and von Helversen 2001).	20000000	Myotis capaccinii	Vulnerable	A4bce	2016	2016-04-25 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	The species occupies specialized habitat (caves and associated water systems). In the eastern part of the range it congregates in winter in a few sites which are threatened by human disturbance. For 10 years up to 2008, it declined between 30 and 50% in Spain, with indications of declines also in other parts of the range. It only hunts in watercourses and is therefore threatened by water pollution and the development of tourist infrastructure, which is expected to continue in the future. It is suspected that population declines are underway that will exceed 30% over 18 years (3 generations), and for that reason the species is considered Vulnerable under criterion A4bce.	The Long-fingered Bat (Myotis capaccinii ) ;depends strictly on aquatic habitats. It forages over wetlands and waterways (including artifical waterbodies, such as canals and reservoirs), also scrub. It seems to prefer clutter-free water surfaces when foraging, probably because the echolocation of preys is facilitated above them (Almenar et al. ;2009).It generally roosts in underground habitats (principally caves). In the Balkans it is confined to karst areas. Movements between summer and winter colonies are mostly within a distance of 50 km (maximum 140 km: Hutterer et al. 2005).	Threats include changes in water quality through pollution and dam building, and loss of water bodies and watercourses. Damage or disturbance to caves (tourism, fires and vandalism) used as roosts may also be a problem, as the species is very dependent on caves. The species is collected for medicinal purposes in North Africa.	Locally it can be abundant. Generally, the population is fragmented, but these "fragments" may constitute robust parts of the overall population. Declines have been reported in many range states. In Spain, the population has declined by 30-50% in the last 10 years to fewer than 10,000 individuals. Only 30 colonies are known that comprise more than 20 individuals (Palomo and Gisbert 2002). At least six important colonies are threatened by the construction of buildings nearby and five colonies have disappeared over the last 10 years. In France the population has declined to very low numbers (an estimated 3,800 individuals). Colonies have been lost in the western part of the range in the last 15 years (S. Aulagnier pers. comm. 2006). Colonies in central Romania known from the 1960s have disappeared, and the species is now restricted to the south. The species is almost absent in winter and probably hibernates in Bulgaria (Z. Nagy pers. comm. 2006). The Bulgarian population is estimated at ca. 20,000. In Croatia there are still some large colonies but these are threatened by pollution of karstic water bodies (F. Spitzenberger pers. comm. 2006), and the species is listed as Endangered in the Croatian Red Book of Mammals (Tvrtkovic 2006). In Turkey it has a decreasing population and is considered vulnerable; it is most often encountered in small groups, very occasionally up to several hundred individuals (A. Karatas pers. comm. 2005). The species is naturally rare in Iran (M. Sharifi pers. comm. 2005) and north Africa (S. Aulagnier pers. comm. 2006). The size of colonies is smaller in the western part of the range (several hundreds of individuals in summer) than in the eastern part (up to several thousands in winter).	Decreasing	Myotis capaccinii is sparsely distributed from eastern Iberia, Spain through the northern Mediterranean to coastal Asia Minor and Israel, Lebanon and Jordan, and also in Mesopotamia from Turkey to Iran and in north-west Africa (limited to the Mediterranean fringe of western Maghreb: north Morocco and northwest Algeria). It occurs from sea level to 900 m.		Terrestrial	It is protected by national legislation in most range states. There are also international legal obligations for its protection through the Bonn Convention (Eurobats) and Bern Convention in the range states where these apply. It is included in Annex II (and (IV) of EU Habitats and Species Directive, and hence requires special measures for conservation including designation of Special Areas for Conservation. Some habitat protection through Natura 2000. In Spain, fences are in place to protect several known colonies. Measures needed include protection of colonies (these measures should avoid the blocking of any cave entrances with gates and control of tourist access) and improvement of water quality.	Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Unassigned - Myotis	capaccinii	Bonaparte	1837	1	Fauna Ital.	1: fasc. 20	Long-fingered Myotis	 blasii Kolenati, 1860; bureschi Heinrich, 1936; dasypus de Selys Longchamps, 1841; majori Ninni, 1878; megapodius Temminck, 1840; pellucens Crespon, 1844.	Italy, Sicily.	Mediterranean zone and islands of Europe and NW Africa; Bulgaria; Turkey; Israel; Iraq; Iran; Uzbekistan.	Not listed.	Vulnerable	See comment under macrodactylus . Does not include fimbriatus ; see Corbet (1978 c ) and Corbet and Hill (1992).Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002). Although Bilgin et al. (2008) found some evidence supporting the existence of two subspecies of capaccinii in their study area (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), additional research, and comparisons with the types, are needed. Consequently we do not follow López‐Baucells (2019) who recognized the nominate subspecies as well as bureschi .	Myotis capaccinii	1005384	23	Long-fingered Myotis	Long-fingered Bat|Long-fringed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Myotis	capaccinii	Bonaparte	1837	1	Vespertilio_Capaccinii	Bonaparte, C. L. (1837). Iconografia della fauna italica: per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. Tip. Salviucci, Roma, fasc. 20 and pl.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/180238#page/87/mode/1up	BM 1907.1.1.734		Sicily, Italy.			capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837)|megapodius (Temminck, 1840)|dasypus (de Sélys-Longchamps, 1841)|pellucens (Crespon, 1844)|blasii (Kolenati, 1860)|majori (Ninni, 1878)|bureschi (Heinrich, 1936)|abidinbudaki KarataÅŸ, 2018	NA	NA				Morocco|Algeria|Tunisia|Spain|France|Italy|Slovenia|Croatia|Bosnia & Herzegovina|Serbia|Kosovo|Montenegro|Albania|North Macedonia|Greece|Bulgaria|Romania|Turkey|Cyprus|Lebanon|Syria|Israel|Palestine|Jordan|Iraq|Iran	Africa|Asia|Europe	Palearctic	VU	0	0	0	Myotis_capaccinii	0	sciname match	Myotis_capaccinii	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Myotis_capaccinii	1005384	23	Long-fingered Myotis	Long-fingered Bat|Long-fringed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae	NA	Myotis	Myotis	capaccinii	Bonaparte	1	Vespertilio Capaccinii	Bonaparte, C.-L. 1837. Fasc. XX. P. unnumbered in Bonaparte, C.-L. 1832-1841. Iconografia della fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. Salviucci, Rome, unnumbered pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46985648	BMNH:Mamm:1907.1.1.734	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/bc02c9c9-3bcb-4878-8ab7-be15739e11b5	Sicily, Italy.			NA	NA				Morocco|Algeria|Tunisia|Spain|France|Italy|Slovenia|Croatia|Bosnia and Herzegovina|Serbia|Kosovo|Montenegro|Albania|North Macedonia|Greece|Bulgaria|Romania|Turkey|Cyprus|Lebanon|Syria|Israel|Palestine|Jordan|Iraq|Iran	Africa|Asia|Europe	Palearctic	VU	0	0	0	Myotis_capaccinii	0	sciname match	Myotis_capaccinii	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Myotis	capaccinii	Bonaparte	1837	1	Fauna Ital.	1: fasc. 20	Long-fingered Myotis	blasii Kolenati, 1860; bureschi Heinrich, 1936; dasypus de Selys Longchamps, 1841; majori Ninni, 1878; megapodius Temminck, 1840; pellucens Crespon, 1844.	Italy, Sicily.	Mediterranean zone and islands of Europe and NW Africa; Bulgaria; Turkey; Israel; Iraq; Iran; Uzbekistan.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14126/22054131/' target='_blank'>Vulnerable</a>	See comment under macrodactylus. Does not include fimbriatus; see Corbet (1978c) and Corbet and Hill (1992).Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991), Horácek et al. (2000), and Alayrak and Asan (2002). Although Bilgin et al. (2008) found some evidence supporting the existence of two subspecies of capaccinii in their study area (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), additional research, and comparisons with the types, are needed. Consequently we do not follow López‐Baucells (2019) who recognized the nominate subspecies as well as bureschi.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Myotis capaccinii; Myotis capaccinii; Myotis capaccinii; Myotis capaccinii; Myotis capaccinii; Myotis capaccinii; blasii; bureschi; dasypus; majori; megapodius; pellucens; capaccini; bureschi; bureschi - abidinbudakiwas; blasii; bureschi; dasypus; majori; megapodius; pellucens; capaccinii; megapodius; dasypus; pellucens; blasii; majori; bureschi; abidinbudaki; Murin de Capaccini; Langful3fledermaus; Ratonero patudo; Long-fingered Bat; Long-fringed Bat; Long-fingered Myotis; Long-fingered Bat; Long-fringed Bat; Long-fingered Myotis; Long-fingered Myotis; M. capaccinii