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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L828	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis austroriparius		[MSW2] Subgenus Leuconoe. Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989, Mammalian Species, 332).; [MSW3] Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).; [HMW] Vespertilio lucifugus austroriparius Rhoads, 1897 , “Tarpon Springs [Pinellas County], Florida,” USA . Subgenus Pizonyx; albescens species group. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).; [IUCN] Woodman (1993) notes that many mammalian generic names ending in -otis use the wrong gender for specific names. If this advice is to be followed, the species name should be M. austroriparia . The Chiroptera SG advise keeping the names as they are for now while a decision is still to be made on these.; [batnames2023] Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).; [batnames2025_1.7] Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).						gatesi, mumfordi.			gatesi, mumfordi			austroriparius 	austroriparius - gatesi, mumfordi	austroriparius, gatesi, mumfordi	Woodman (1993) notes that many mammalian generic names ending in -otis use the wrong gender for specific names. If this advice is to be followed, the species name should be M. austroriparia . The Chiroptera SG advise keeping the names as they are for now while a decision is still to be made on these.	austroriparius 	austroriparius - gatesi, mumfordi	austroriparius, gatesi, mumfordi	austroriparius, gatesi, mumfordi	austroriparius 	austroriparius - gatesi, mumfordi	austroriparius (Rhoads, 1897)|gatesi Lowery, 1943|mumfordi Rice, 1955		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	South-eastern myotis	N Carolina, Kentucky – Louisiana, Florida	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Myotis austroriparius	U.S.A., Florida, Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs.	Rhoads	1897	Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 49:227.	Distribution: Confined to the southeastern United States.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	South-eastern myotis	N Carolina – Indiana – Louisiana, Florida	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Rhoads	1897	Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 49:227.	Subgenus Leuconoe. Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989, Mammalian Species, 332).	SE USA, north to Indiana and North Carolina.	USA, Florida, Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs.		RHOADS	1897	Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-42 mm; condylobasal length, 13-14 mm). Braincase of medium height, a poorly developed sagittal crest usually present. Rostrum relatively slender. Middle upper premolar in toothrow. Fur not glossy.	Distribution: Confined to the southeastern United States.	No subspecies are currently recognized.		108	species	M. austroriparius	RHOADS	1897	Leuconoe	subgenus	Myotis austroriparius				Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-42 mm; condylobasal length, 13-14 mm). Braincase of medium height, a poorly developed sagittal crest usually present. Rostrum relatively slender. Middle upper premolar in toothrow. Fur not glossy.	No subspecies are currently recognized.		74. M. austroriparius (RHOADS 1897) [albescens group],	74	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae		Myotis austroriparius	Myotis		austroriparius	Rhoads	y	1897		Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.	49		227		Southeastern Myotis	USA, Florida, Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs.	SE USA including Florida, north to Indiana and North Carolina, west to Texas and SE Oklahoma.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	gatesi Lowery, 1943; mumfordi Rice, 1955.	Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).	4C3D87E8FF546AF4FA7C92431FE4BD7B	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	937	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF546AF4FA7C92431FE4BD7B.xml	Myotis austroriparius	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	austroriparius	Rhoads	1897	Murin du Mississippi @fr | Siidostliches Mausohr @de | Ratonero del Misisipi @es	Vespertilio lucifugus austroriparius Rhoads, 1897 , “Tarpon Springs [Pinellas County], Florida,” USA . Subgenus Pizonyx; albescens species group. Monotypic.	SE USA , in S Illinois and S Indiana S to E Texas , and Florida, and E to North Carolina and South Carolina through W Kentucky , W Tennessee , Alabama , and Georgia .	Head-body 45-51 mm , tail 26-44 mm , ear 9-16 mm , A 7-12 mm , forearm 33-40 mm ; weight 5-8 g . Females are slightly bigger than males. Dorsal hairs vary from grayish brown to bright orange-brown, with bases slightly darker than tips. Ventral hairs are strongly bicolored, with dark brown bases and whitish, grayish brown, or yellowish brown tips. Females are generally more brightly colored than males; color variation can depend on molt that is correlated with reproductive stage. Ammonia steam in large cavesalso affects fur color. Ears are medium-sized to large, extending forward halfway from eye to nostril, and tragus is short and blunt. Nose is bare and pinkish. Membranes are mummy brown or blackish; plagiopatagium is broadly attached to foot at base of toes. Calcar is not keeled, and toes have long hairs, extending beyond tips of claws. Fur is short, thick, and woolly. Skull is small to medium-sized (greatest length of skull 13-5-15- 2 mm ); forehead rises abruptly; braincase is highly inflated; and medium sagittal crest can be felt through skin. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with 17 pairs of acrocentric and four pairs of metacentric autosomes. X- and Y-chromosomes are submetacentric.	Mainly Gulf coastal plain in riparian floodplain forests or wooded wetlands with nearby permanent open water such as lakes, ponds, or slow-moving streams.	The South-eastern Myotis emerges after dark and usually forages within 60 cm of water surfaces, capturing small insects in flight. Coleoptera , Lepidoptera , and Diptera occurin diets; it eats midges, mosquitoes, small moths, small beetles, and cane flies.	All male South-eastern Myotis from Florida had enlarged epididymides from about mid-February to mid-April. In Indiana , males with scrotal testes ware reported in March-April and August (largest testes in August). In Florida , mating is from mid-February to mid-April; altricial young are most frequently born from late April to the end of May, with births peaking in mid-May. Young were found as early as 30 April, and no pregnant females were detected after 17 May. Ninety percent of pregnant females give birth to twins (one from each uterus); it is the only species of Myotis known to have twins. Delayed fertilization does not occur in Florida . During birth, a mother forms a receptacle with the uropatagium to catch her young. Placenta does not appear until several hours after birth, and the mother pulls it out with her teeth and eats it. Births generally occur during the day. Neonates are born naked, with their eyes and ears closed, and weigh slightly more than 1 g . Pre-weaning mortality is high, which might suggest that twinning is adaptive. Because South-eastern Myotis usually roosts in caves with water, many neonates fall and drown. Young can fly at 5-6 weeks old. Maternity colonies are formed during mid-March and early April, and they contain 2000-90,000 individuals. Young grow rapidly; both sexes reach sexual maturity before one year of age.	South-eastern Myotis consistently emerge from roosts in complete darkness, generally later than other species of Myotis . Pattern of nocturnal activity is not well understood, but evidence suggests bimodal activity, with foraging peak after sunset and anotherjust before dawn. It uses caves asits primary roosts, especially those containing pools of water. It also roosts in human habitations and structures such as attics, barns, bridges, culverts, storm sewers, boat houses, and mines; under bark; or in hollow trees (e.g. Nyssa , Nysaceae; Carya , Juglandaceae ; Taxodium , Cupressaceae ). Most maternity colonies are in caves but sometimes in buildings. In some regions, different roosts are used in summer and winter; Kentucky populations use caves in winter but are rare in most caves in summer when large hollow trees are used. High humidity and constant warm temperatures are key characteristics of maternity sites. On following pages: 396. Yuma Myotis ( Myotis yumanensis ); 397. Cave Myotis ( Myotis velifer ); 398. Peninsular Myotis ( Myotis peninsularis ); 399. Guatemalan Myotis ( Myotis cobanensis ); 400. Chilean Myotis ( Myotis chiloensis ); 401. Silver-tipped Myotis ( Myotis albescens ); 402. Yellowish Myotis ( Myotis levis ); 403. Dinelli's Myotis ( Myotis dinelli); 404. I1zecksohn's Myotis ( Myotis izecksohni ); 405. LaVal's Myotis ( Myotis lavali ); 406. Montane Myotis ( Myotis oxyotus ); 407. Clyde Jones's Myotis ( Myotis clydejonesi ); 408. Schwartz's Myotis ( Myotis martiniquensis ); 409. Dominican Myotis ( Myotis dominicensis ); 410. Barbados Myotis ( Myotis nycton; 411. Atacama Myotis ( Myotis atacamensis ); 412. Curagao Myotis ( Myotis nesopolus ); 413. Colombian Black Myotis ( Myotis caucensis ); 414. Sir David Attenborough’'s Myotis ( Myotis attenboroughi ); 415. Handley’s Myotis ( Myotis handleyi ); 416. Diminutive Myotis ( Myotis diminutus ); 417. Common Black Myotis ( Myotis nigricans ); 418. Brandt's Myotis ( Myotis brandftii); 419. Siberian Whiskered Myotis ( Myotis sibiricus ).	South-eastern Myotis are not known to migrate. Patterns of movements between summer and winter roosts are largely unknown, but banded individuals moved 29-72 km . In northern parts of the distribution, individuals hibernate almost all winter and have been found in compact clusters of up to 50 individuals hanging from ceilings and walls of caves or beneath buildings. These individuals went into semi-torpor when temperatures dropped below 4°C, but when warm temperatures returned, they awoke and resumed nightly foraging activities. In the northernmost distribution, hibernation can last up to seven months from September— October to February-March. In southern parts of the distribution, individuals remain active throughout much of the winter, foraging actively at night. Maternity colonies can contain a few hundred to thousands of individuals. Few males are found in maternity colonies, but many adult males joined maternity colonies after young have matured. Males generally roost alone or in small bachelor groups. South-eastern Myotis occasionally share roosts with Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bats ( Corynorhinus rafinesquii ), Gray Myotis (M. grisescens ), Little Brown Myotis ( M. lucifugus ),, Indiana Myotis ( M. sodalis ), Tricolored Bats ( Perimyotis subflavus ), and Brazilian Free-tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis ).	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Southeastern Myotis widespread and presumably has a large population. Nevertheless, studies indicate the need for population monitoring due to increased caves exploitation and spread of White-nose Syndrome caused by a fungus pathogenic to species of Myotis .	Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castaneda (2017f) | Baker & Patton (1967) | Gardner etal. (1992) | Gomoll (2004) | Gore & Hovis (1992) | Hobson (1998) | Horner & Mirowsky (1996) | Jones & Manning (1989) | LaVal (1970) | Miller & Allen (1928) | Munford & Whitaker (1982) | Rice (1957) | Simmons (2005) | Whitaker & Hamilton (1998) | Wilson & Ruff (1999)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398761/files/figure.png	395. South-eastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius French: Murin du Mississippi / German: Siidostliches Mausohr / Spanish: Ratonero del Misisipi Taxonomy. Vespertilio lucifugus austroriparius Rhoads, 1897 , “Tarpon Springs [Pinellas County], Florida,” USA . Subgenus Pizonyx; albescens species group. Monotypic. Distribution. SE USA , in S Illinois and S Indiana S to E Texas , and Florida, and E to North Carolina and South Carolina through W Kentucky , W Tennessee , Alabama , and Georgia . Descriptive notes. Head-body 45-51 mm , tail 26-44 mm , ear 9-16 mm , A 7-12 mm , forearm 33-40 mm ; weight 5-8 g . Females are slightly bigger than males. Dorsal hairs vary from grayish brown to bright orange-brown, with bases slightly darker than tips. Ventral hairs are strongly bicolored, with dark brown bases and whitish, grayish brown, or yellowish brown tips. Females are generally more brightly colored than males; color variation can depend on molt that is correlated with reproductive stage. Ammonia steam in large cavesalso affects fur color. Ears are medium-sized to large, extending forward halfway from eye to nostril, and tragus is short and blunt. Nose is bare and pinkish. Membranes are mummy brown or blackish; plagiopatagium is broadly attached to foot at base of toes. Calcar is not keeled, and toes have long hairs, extending beyond tips of claws. Fur is short, thick, and woolly. Skull is small to medium-sized (greatest length of skull 13-5-15- 2 mm ); forehead rises abruptly; braincase is highly inflated; and medium sagittal crest can be felt through skin. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with 17 pairs of acrocentric and four pairs of metacentric autosomes. X- and Y-chromosomes are submetacentric. Habitat. Mainly Gulf coastal plain in riparian floodplain forests or wooded wetlands with nearby permanent open water such as lakes, ponds, or slow-moving streams. Food and Feeding. The South-eastern Myotis emerges after dark and usually forages within 60 cm of water surfaces, capturing small insects in flight. Coleoptera , Lepidoptera , and Diptera occurin diets; it eats midges, mosquitoes, small moths, small beetles, and cane flies. Breeding. All male South-eastern Myotis from Florida had enlarged epididymides from about mid-February to mid-April. In Indiana , males with scrotal testes ware reported in March-April and August (largest testes in August). In Florida , mating is from mid-February to mid-April; altricial young are most frequently born from late April to the end of May, with births peaking in mid-May. Young were found as early as 30 April, and no pregnant females were detected after 17 May. Ninety percent of pregnant females give birth to twins (one from each uterus); it is the only species of Myotis known to have twins. Delayed fertilization does not occur in Florida . During birth, a mother forms a receptacle with the uropatagium to catch her young. Placenta does not appear until several hours after birth, and the mother pulls it out with her teeth and eats it. Births generally occur during the day. Neonates are born naked, with their eyes and ears closed, and weigh slightly more than 1 g . Pre-weaning mortality is high, which might suggest that twinning is adaptive. Because South-eastern Myotis usually roosts in caves with water, many neonates fall and drown. Young can fly at 5-6 weeks old. Maternity colonies are formed during mid-March and early April, and they contain 2000-90,000 individuals. Young grow rapidly; both sexes reach sexual maturity before one year of age. Activity patterns. South-eastern Myotis consistently emerge from roosts in complete darkness, generally later than other species of Myotis . Pattern of nocturnal activity is not well understood, but evidence suggests bimodal activity, with foraging peak after sunset and anotherjust before dawn. It uses caves asits primary roosts, especially those containing pools of water. It also roosts in human habitations and structures such as attics, barns, bridges, culverts, storm sewers, boat houses, and mines; under bark; or in hollow trees (e.g. Nyssa , Nysaceae; Carya , Juglandaceae ; Taxodium , Cupressaceae ). Most maternity colonies are in caves but sometimes in buildings. In some regions, different roosts are used in summer and winter; Kentucky populations use caves in winter but are rare in most caves in summer when large hollow trees are used. High humidity and constant warm temperatures are key characteristics of maternity sites. On following pages: 396. Yuma Myotis ( Myotis yumanensis ); 397. Cave Myotis ( Myotis velifer ); 398. Peninsular Myotis ( Myotis peninsularis ); 399. Guatemalan Myotis ( Myotis cobanensis ); 400. Chilean Myotis ( Myotis chiloensis ); 401. Silver-tipped Myotis ( Myotis albescens ); 402. Yellowish Myotis ( Myotis levis ); 403. Dinelli's Myotis ( Myotis dinelli); 404. I1zecksohn's Myotis ( Myotis izecksohni ); 405. LaVal's Myotis ( Myotis lavali ); 406. Montane Myotis ( Myotis oxyotus ); 407. Clyde Jones's Myotis ( Myotis clydejonesi ); 408. Schwartz's Myotis ( Myotis martiniquensis ); 409. Dominican Myotis ( Myotis dominicensis ); 410. Barbados Myotis ( Myotis nycton; 411. Atacama Myotis ( Myotis atacamensis ); 412. Curagao Myotis ( Myotis nesopolus ); 413. Colombian Black Myotis ( Myotis caucensis ); 414. Sir David Attenborough’'s Myotis ( Myotis attenboroughi ); 415. Handley’s Myotis ( Myotis handleyi ); 416. Diminutive Myotis ( Myotis diminutus ); 417. Common Black Myotis ( Myotis nigricans ); 418. Brandt's Myotis ( Myotis brandftii); 419. Siberian Whiskered Myotis ( Myotis sibiricus ). Movements, Home range and Social organization. South-eastern Myotis are not known to migrate. Patterns of movements between summer and winter roosts are largely unknown, but banded individuals moved 29-72 km . In northern parts of the distribution, individuals hibernate almost all winter and have been found in compact clusters of up to 50 individuals hanging from ceilings and walls of caves or beneath buildings. These individuals went into semi-torpor when temperatures dropped below 4°C, but when warm temperatures returned, they awoke and resumed nightly foraging activities. In the northernmost distribution, hibernation can last up to seven months from September— October to February-March. In southern parts of the distribution, individuals remain active throughout much of the winter, foraging actively at night. Maternity colonies can contain a few hundred to thousands of individuals. Few males are found in maternity colonies, but many adult males joined maternity colonies after young have matured. Males generally roost alone or in small bachelor groups. South-eastern Myotis occasionally share roosts with Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bats ( Corynorhinus rafinesquii ), Gray Myotis (M. grisescens ), Little Brown Myotis ( M. lucifugus ),, Indiana Myotis ( M. sodalis ), Tricolored Bats ( Perimyotis subflavus ), and Brazilian Free-tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis ). Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Southeastern Myotis widespread and presumably has a large population. Nevertheless, studies indicate the need for population monitoring due to increased caves exploitation and spread of White-nose Syndrome caused by a fungus pathogenic to species of Myotis . Bibliography. Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castaneda (2017f), Baker & Patton (1967), Gardner etal. (1992), Gomoll (2004), Gore & Hovis (1992), Hobson (1998), Horner & Mirowsky (1996), Jones & Manning (1989), LaVal (1970), Miller & Allen (1928), Munford & Whitaker (1982), Rice (1957), Simmons (2005), Whitaker & Hamilton (1998), Wilson & Ruff (1999).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Myotis austroriparius	Myotis	Unassigned-Myotis	austroriparius	Rhoads	1897	1	Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.	52:47:00	Southeastern Myotis	 gatesi Lowery, 1943; mumfordi Rice, 1955.	USA, Florida, Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs.	SE USA including Florida, north to Indiana and North Carolina, west to Texas and SE Oklahoma.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Myotis austroriparius	23	South-eastern Myotis		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Pizonyx	austroriparius	Rhoads	1897	1	Vespertilio_lucifugus_austroriparius	Rhoads, S. N. (1897). A new Southeastern race of Little brown bat. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 49, 227.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/84733#page/227/mode/1up	ANSP 7878		"Tarpon Springs [Pinellas County], Florida," USA.			austroriparius (Rhoads, 1897)|gatesi Lowery, 1943|mumfordi Rice, 1955	NA	NA	United States	North America	Nearctic	LC	0	0	0	Myotis_austroriparius	0	sciname match	Myotis_austroriparius	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	14147	Myotis austroriparius	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Myotis	austroriparius	(Rhoads, 1897)	Woodman (1993) notes that many mammalian generic names ending in -otis use the wrong gender for specific names. If this advice is to be followed, the species name should be M. austroriparia . The Chiroptera SG advise keeping the names as they are for now while a decision is still to be made on these.	20000000	Myotis austroriparius	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-29 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern in because of its wide distribution, presumed large population, occurrence in a number of protected areas, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.	The number of occurrences or subpopulations with good or excellent estimated viability may be fewer than 30 (more than 50 percent of these are in Florida). Recent surveys (e.g., Hofmann et al. 1999, Mirowsky et al . 2004) suggest that the number of small maternity colonies may be quite large, but these are of uncertain viability. Only two large (more than 100 bats) winter colonies have been reported in recent years, but there are several small colonies throughout the species range. In Florida, large numbers form maternity colonies in caves; the species has been reported a few times in buildings. Maternity colonies also have been found in a small number of caves in Georgia and Alabama. In the rest of the deep south, these bats generally use buildings and other structures, mines, and hollow trees (e.g., water tupelo, black gum, water hickory, bald cypress) for spring and summer roosts. In Louisiana, a hollow water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica ) studied in late summer and early fall contained about 50 individuals (Gooding and Langford 2004). By winter in this region they roost in small groups in outdoor sites, often over water, such as bridges, culverts, storm sewers, and boat houses, as well as in hollow trees (Barbour and Davis 1969). In Florida (and perhaps elsewhere) these bats also roost in caves in winter; apparently they may use different caves for summer and winter roosts (Gore and Havis 1992). In the north, the pattern of cave use is different. Kentucky populations winter in caves (often with Myotis sodalis ) but are rare in most caves in the summer, when most roost in large hollow trees. The few old records from Indiana also were mostly from caves in winter. Summer roost sites are poorly known from this part of their range. At least one cave in Indiana had bats every month except May, June, and July (Mumford and Whitaker 1982). Only a few maternity colonies have been reported in this region: one was in the Kentucky cave already mentioned; additional maternity colonies exist in southern Illinois, where one was in a hollow-based water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica ) (Hofmann et al . 1999). The key characteristics for maternity sites are high humidity and constant warm temperatures. Foraging habitat is riparian floodplain forests or wooded wetlands with permanent open water nearby (Gardner et al . 1992). These bats may forage primarily over lakes, ponds, or slow-moving streams.	Florida populations declined by about 50% from some 400,000 adult females in the 1950s (Rice 1957) to less than 200,000 females in 1991 (Gore and Hovis 1992). Not only did numbers of bats decline, but number of caves used as maternity roosts also declined by nearly 50% (from 15 to 18) in Florida over the same period. There is no indication that the population has stabilized. Some caves occupied in the early 1980s are no longer occupied (Gore and Hovis 1992). However, Brown (1997) reported that this species is adaptable and seems to be holding its own in the southeastern United States.  While the Florida population was thriving in the 1960s, Barbour and Davis (1969) reported that the Ohio River Valley population was steadily declining and apparently nearing extirpation. Current data from this northern range indicates that populations are still present in low numbers, although their status remains largely unknown. Indiana populations had declined considerably by 1980 (Mumford and Whitaker 1982), although populations were always small. Recent extensive searches in Illinois indicated that the population has become more restricted than in the past; only one hibernating colony was located, compared to nine previously known hibernating sites, and the bats were only found in four counties compared to six in the past. Georgia has 12 older records (before 1970), and only one record since 1970, but this change could be due to lack of searching. Recent field studies in coastal North Carolina, South Carolina, and eastern Texas have located populations of this species, but there are no baseline data with which to compare trends. Declines likely have resulted from various factors, especially human disturbance and physical alteration of caves used as hibernacula and maternity sites (Gore and Hovis 1992). Excessive human visitation may awaken bats and cause them to use up fat reserves. In maternity colonies, disturbance may cause females to abandon their young. Heavy collecting or banding may cause a population to vacate a site. Attempts to collect, even in winter, usually result in bats vacating at least temporarily (Mumford and Whitaker 1982). In addition, some caves have been made unavailable or degraded by the closing off of their entrances, installation of bat-impermeable barriers, forest removal around entrances, or by flooding by reservoirs. Loss of upland roosts increases vulnerability to mortality from sudden flooding. One cave formerly used by 11,000 individuals was turned into a public dump and virtually abandoned by bats. Clearing and draining of bottonland hardwood forest wetlands likely have reduced available habitat for summer roosting and foraging. The indirect effects of pesticide use are unknown.	Considering the total number of maternity roosts, hibernacula, and other occupied roosts and habitat, there are certainly more than 100 occurrences or subpopulations (Gore and Hovis 1992, Horner and Mirowsky 1996, Clark pers. comm.). Total adult population size is unknown but is at least in the 100,000s. This species is still abundant in some places. Florida has at least 18 current or former maternity caves which, in past years, potentially contained 400,000 adult females, a 1991 survey found only eight maternity caves with a total of less than 200,000 adult females (Gore and Hovis 1992). The number of individuals estimated from known tree roosts and man-made structures is much smaller (less than 500, Clark pers. comm., Gore pers. comm.), but it is difficult to locate such roosts, and undoubtedly there are more.	Stable	The geographic range of this species includes the southeastern United States, west to southeastern Oklahoma and eastern Texas (Mirowsky et al.  2004, Schmidly 2004), north in the Mississippi River drainage through Arkansas, Mississippi, western Tennessee, southeastern Missouri, and western Kentucky to southern Illinois (Hofmann et al . 1999) and southern Indiana, and east to southeastern Virginia (Hobson 1998), southern North Carolina, South Carolina (Menzel et al . 2003), Georgia, and Florida (Jones and Mamming 1989). Summer and winter ranges are the same. Although widespread in southeast, the vast majority of the known population is concentrated in northern Florida, and the species is rare and local outside the Gulf coastal plain.		Terrestrial	There are several protected occurrences in Florida; also Bat Cave in Kentucky. Several caves in Jackson County, Florida, are protected due to use by endangered M. grisescens . The species is afforded nominal protection via Florida's Cave Protection Act. Bat Conservation International, TNC, and the state of Florida were instrumental in protecting Judge's Cave; a few other maternity caves on private land in Florida have various levels of protection (Gore and Hovis 1992). South Carolina has used posting and controlled access to roost sites to protect this species (Bunch pers. comm.). One occurrence in Indiana is in a state park and is protected. In Texas, two maternity roosts are in state parks and one is in a national wildlife refuge, and populations are known to exist in other state parks and wildlife management areas, national forests, Big Thicket National Preserve, and Nature Conservancy lands. Determine status and trend in South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and Tennessee. Protect roosting sites of all large (&gt; 100) colonies, both breeding and wintering. Protect frequently used foraging habitat in their natural forested state. Obtain more information about summer and winter roosting requirements. Determine viability and importance of small maternity colonies. Develop techniques for monitoring with minimum disturbance. Determine effects of disturbance on survival and reproductive success. Determine dispersal distances and roosting sites for bats when away from the large cave colony sites. Determine importance of hollow trees and other non-cave sites as maternity roosts.	Nearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Unassigned - Myotis	austroriparius	Rhoads	1897	1	Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.	52:47:00	Southeastern Myotis	 gatesi Lowery, 1943; mumfordi Rice, 1955.	USA, Florida, Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs.	SE USA including Florida, north to Indiana and North Carolina, west to Texas and SE Oklahoma.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).	Myotis austroriparius	1005371	23	South-eastern Myotis		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	MYOTINAE	NA	Myotis	Pizonyx	austroriparius	Rhoads	1897	1	Vespertilio_lucifugus_austroriparius	Rhoads, S. N. (1897). A new Southeastern race of Little brown bat. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 49, 227.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/84733#page/227/mode/1up	ANSP 7878		"Tarpon Springs [Pinellas County], Florida," USA.			austroriparius (Rhoads, 1897)|gatesi Lowery, 1943|mumfordi Rice, 1955	NA	NA			USA(TX,OK,AR,MO,IL,IN,KY,TN,LA,MS,AL,GA,SC,NC,FL)	United States	North America	Nearctic	LC	0	0	0	Myotis_austroriparius	0	sciname match	Myotis_austroriparius	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Myotis_austroriparius	1005371	23	Southeastern Myotis		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Myotinae	NA	Myotis	Pizonyx	austroriparius	Rhoads	1	Vespertilio lucifugus austroriparius	Rhoads, S.N. 1897-05-22. A new southeastern race of the little brown bat. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 49:227-228.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1854983	ANSP 7878 (= SNR 878)	holotype		"Tarpon Springs [Pinellas County], Florida," USA.			NA	NA			USA(TX,OK,AR,MO,IL,IN,KY,TN,LA,MS,AL,GA,SC,NC,FL)	United States	North America	Nearctic	LC	0	0	0	Myotis_austroriparius	0	sciname match	Myotis_austroriparius	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Myotis	Pizonyx	austroriparius	Rhoads	1897	1	Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.	52:47:00	Southeastern Myotis	gatesi Lowery, 1943; mumfordi Rice, 1955.	USA, Florida, Pinellas Co., Tarpon Springs.	SE USA including Florida, north to Indiana and North Carolina, west to Texas and SE Oklahoma.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14147/22059907/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Reviewed by LaVal (1970). See Jones and Manning (1989).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Myotis austroriparius; Myotis austroriparius; Myotis austroriparius; Myotis austroriparius; Myotis austroriparius; Myotis austroriparius; gatesi; mumfordi; gatesi; mumfordi; austroriparius; gatesi; mumfordi; Murin du Mississippi; Siidostliches Mausohr; Ratonero del Misisipi; South-eastern Myotis; Southeastern Myotis; Southeastern Myotis; M. austroriparius