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authorityParentheses originalNameCombination authoritySpeciesCitation authoritySpeciesLink typeVoucher typeKind typeVoucherURIs typeLocality typeLocalityLatitude typeLocalityLongitude taxonomyNotes taxonomyNotesCitation distributionNotes distributionNotesCitation subregionDistribution countryDistribution continentDistribution biogeographicRealm iucnStatus extinct domestic flagged CMW_sciName diffSinceCMW MSW3_matchtype MSW3_sciName diffSinceMSW3 docOrigin_batnames2025 Family Genus Subgenus Species Author Date Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses) Citation Pages Common Name Synonyms Type Locality Distribution CITES IUCN Comments column3781 column3791 subtribe CONCAT_ALTNAMES line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L739 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Chaerephon tomensis Chaerephon tomensis Mops tomensis Mops tomensis Chaerephon tomensis Mops tomensis Mops tomensis Mops tomensis Mops tomensis Mops tomensis [MSW3] plicatus species group.; [HMW] Tadarida (Chaerephon) tomensis Juste & Ibanez, 1993 , “Praia das Conchas, 3 km NW Guadalupe , Sao Tomé Island , Republic of Sao Tomé and Principe ( 0°24’ 'N, 6° 37°E ).” This species is monotypic.; [batnames2022] plicatus species group.; [MDD2022] moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement; [batnames2023] plicatus species group.; [MDD2023] moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement; [MDD2025_2.0] moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement; [batnames2025_1.7] plicatusspecies group.; [MDD2025_2.2] moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement tomensis tomensis tomensis tomensis (Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez, 1993) N/A NA Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu). CHIROPTERA Molossidae Molossinae Chaerephon tomensis Chaerephon tomensis Juste and Ibañez y 1993 J. Mammal. 74 901 São Tomé Free-tailed Bat Sao Tome and Principe, São Tomé Isl, 3 km NW Guadalupe, Praia das Conchas. São Tomé Isl. IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable. plicatus species group. 194287C9FFA0BA0DB18CFC4DB716FA64 Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions 978-84-16728-19-0 hbmw_9_Molossidae_598.pdf.imf hash://md5/e57bffb1ffbcba10b412f760b226ffce 647 zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/19/42/87/194287C9FFA0BA0DB18CFC4DB716FA64.xml Chaerephon tomensis Molossidae Chaerephon tomensis 1993 Tadaride de Sao Tomé @fr | Sao-Tomé-Bulldogfledermaus @de | Caerepon de Sao Tomé @es Tadarida (Chaerephon) tomensis Juste & Ibanez, 1993 , “Praia das Conchas, 3 km NW Guadalupe , Sao Tomé Island , Republic of Sao Tomé and Principe ( 0°24’ 'N, 6° 37°E ).” This species is monotypic. Known only from two localities on Sao Tomé I. Head-body ¢.50-60 mm, tail 29-34 mm, ear 20-21 mm, hindfoot 8-5-9 mm, forearm 35-5-38-5 mm; weight 7-7-2 g (based on three female syntypes). The Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat is a small free-tailed bat is distinguished from other African free-tailed bats by having a lobe projecting anterior to interaural membrane to just beyond muzzle, very similar in appearance to Gallagher's Free-tailed Bat (C. gallagheri) but less pronounced. Pelage is relatively long and dense and dark brown above to brown on flanks and chest, and whitish to pale brown on belly. Upper lip has five well-defined wrinkles on each side and few spoon-hairs except in front of snout. Ears are joined by flap of skin which bears on its anterior margin a central globerular mass that extends just beyond snout, and which has a longitudinal groove concealing a deep pouch; base of pouch is lined with dense brown hairs. Tragus is minute, concealed by antitragus, containing three lobes terminally and one basally. Antitragus is subrectangular. Wings are whitish and translucent becoming brownish black toward body and on tail membrane. Anterior palate encloses paired palatal foramina, and basisphenoid pits are deep but not as deep as in Gallagher's Free-tailed Bat. There are dorsal nasal swellings but not as developed as in Gallagher’s Free-tailed Bat. Shape of nasal aperture is more elongated than in Gallagher’s Free-tailed Bat. M? has third ridge as long as second ridge. One locality was represented by dry savanna with baobabs; the other was more humid, formerly forest and now cocoa plantations. No information. No information. Sao Tome Free-tailed Bats are nocturnal. No information. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List, owing to its very small range (less than 1000 km ?), the fact that all individuals are at a single location ( Sao Tome ), and the continuing decline in the extent and quality of its lowland habitat. The Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat is currently known only from the type series of three specimens, and is believed to be threatened by general habitat loss resulting from coastal development (e.g. tourism activities and conversion of land to agricultural use). ACR (2017) | Juste & Ibanez (1993a, 1994a) | Mickleburgh, Hutson, Bergmans & Juste (2008) https://zenodo.org/record/6567806/files/figure.png 67. Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon tomensis French: Tadaride de Sao Tomé / German: Sao-Tomé-Bulldogfledermaus / Spanish: Caerepon de Sao Tomé Taxonomy. Tadarida (Chaerephon) tomensis Juste & Ibanez, 1993 , “Praia das Conchas, 3 km NW Guadalupe , Sao Tomé Island , Republic of Sao Tomé and Principe ( 0°24’ 'N, 6° 37°E ).” This species is monotypic. Distribution. Known only from two localities on Sao Tomé I. Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢.50-60 mm, tail 29-34 mm, ear 20-21 mm, hindfoot 8-5-9 mm, forearm 35-5-38-5 mm; weight 7-7-2 g (based on three female syntypes). The Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat is a small free-tailed bat is distinguished from other African free-tailed bats by having a lobe projecting anterior to interaural membrane to just beyond muzzle, very similar in appearance to Gallagher's Free-tailed Bat (C. gallagheri) but less pronounced. Pelage is relatively long and dense and dark brown above to brown on flanks and chest, and whitish to pale brown on belly. Upper lip has five well-defined wrinkles on each side and few spoon-hairs except in front of snout. Ears are joined by flap of skin which bears on its anterior margin a central globerular mass that extends just beyond snout, and which has a longitudinal groove concealing a deep pouch; base of pouch is lined with dense brown hairs. Tragus is minute, concealed by antitragus, containing three lobes terminally and one basally. Antitragus is subrectangular. Wings are whitish and translucent becoming brownish black toward body and on tail membrane. Anterior palate encloses paired palatal foramina, and basisphenoid pits are deep but not as deep as in Gallagher's Free-tailed Bat. There are dorsal nasal swellings but not as developed as in Gallagher’s Free-tailed Bat. Shape of nasal aperture is more elongated than in Gallagher’s Free-tailed Bat. M? has third ridge as long as second ridge. Habitat. One locality was represented by dry savanna with baobabs; the other was more humid, formerly forest and now cocoa plantations. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Sao Tome Free-tailed Bats are nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List, owing to its very small range (less than 1000 km ?), the fact that all individuals are at a single location ( Sao Tome ), and the continuing decline in the extent and quality of its lowland habitat. The Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat is currently known only from the type series of three specimens, and is believed to be threatened by general habitat loss resulting from coastal development (e.g. tourism activities and conversion of land to agricultural use). Bibliography. ACR (2017), Juste & Ibanez (1993a, 1994a), Mickleburgh, Hutson, Bergmans & Juste (2008). Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022. Molossidae Mops tomensis Mops tomensis Juste and Ibáñez 1993 1 J. Mammal. 89:01:00 São Tomé Free-tailed Bat None. Sao Tome and Principe, SãoTomÃ© Isl, 3 km NW Guadalupe, Praia das Conchas. SÃ£o TomÃ© Isl. Not listed. Endangered as Chaerephon tomensis plicatus species group. Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023 Mops tomensis 23 Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIFORMES NA NA VESPERTILIONOIDEA MOLOSSIDAE MOLOSSINAE NA Mops Chaerephon tomensis Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez 1993 1 Tadarida_(Chaerephon)_tomensis Juste, J. & C. IbÃ¡Ã±ez. (1993). A new Tadarida of the subgenus Chaerephon (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, Gulf of Guinea (West Africa). Journal of Mammalogy, 74(4), 901. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1382428.pdf?casa_token=rmWj7kdGRREAAAAA:CRGHFGxnX0e7-oockmn2RzO97HQJl8LBZB5LrgOJu6lALMqNRlSVlIhV5mOKVxmID0NzCUiXvr3q639YmNq-8g8qh0rzis05WnNJMAMHE6GNuA5Mc3k EBD 18256 "Praia das Conchas, 3 km NW Guadalupe, SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, Republic of SÃ£o TomÃ© and Principe (0Â°24'N, 6Â°37'E)." 0.4 6.6167 tomensis (Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez, 1993) moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement Gregorin, R., & Cirranello, A. (2016). Phylogeny of Molossidae Gervais (Mammalia: Chiroptera) inferred by morphological data. Cladistics, 32(1), 2-35.|Simmons, N. B. and A. L. Cirranello (2020). https://batnames.org/explore.html. Accessed: 10 May 2020. URL: https://batnames.org/explore.html. SÃ£o TomÃ© & PrÃncipe Africa Afrotropic EN 0 0 0 Chaerephon_tomensis 1 oldname match Chaerephon_tomensis 0 IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022]. 4321 Chaerephon tomensis ANIMALIA CHORDATA MAMMALIA CHIROPTERA MOLOSSIDAE Chaerephon tomensis (Juste &; IbÃ¡Ã±ez, 1993) 20000000 Chaerephon tomensis Endangered B1ab(iii) 2019 2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC 3.1 English This is a range-restricted species and all individuals are in a single location (the island of SÃ£o TomÃ©). Its extent of occurrence is 933 kmÂ² and there is a continuing decline in the quality of its lowland habitat mainly due to coastal development, including tourism activities, conversion of land to agricultural use and possible port construction. The species is confirmed as Endangered under criterion B1ab(iii). This species has been recorded from Praia das Conchas which is quite open and the driest point of the island (open savanna forest with baobabs), and from Agua IzÃ© which is much more humid, and although it is now cocoa plantations it was previously forest (J. Juste pers. comm. 2008). It is unclear if the species can persist in modified habitats. The colony size is not known. The species is believed to be threatened by general habitat loss resulting from coastal development, including tourism activities, conversion of land to agricultural use and possible port construction. The possible impact of recent oil extraction activities near the cost is of concern. The species may be competing with the much more abundant species Chaerephon pumilus (J. Juste pers. comm. 2008), with further studies into this relationship needed. This seems to be a very rare species that, despite considerable trapping effort, is currently only known from the type series of three specimens (J. Juste pers. comm. 2008). Decreasing This little known species has been recorded from two lowland localities, Praia das Conchas (3 km NW of Guadalupe) and Agua IzÃ©, in the northern part of SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, of SÃ£o TomÃ© and PrÃncipe. Extensive surveys have not located the species elsewhere on the island. Terrestrial There appear to be no direct conservation measures in place. It is not known if the species is present in any protected areas. Further research is needed into the distribution, natural history and threats to this species. Afrotropical FALSE FALSE Global Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 Molossidae Mops tomensis Juste and Ibáñez 1993 1 J. Mammal. 89:01:00 São Tomé Free-tailed Bat None. Sao Tome and Principe, SãoTomÃ© Isl, 3 km NW Guadalupe, Praia das Conchas. SÃ£o TomÃ© Isl. Not listed. Endangered as Chaerephon tomensis plicatus species group. Mops tomensis 1005163 23 Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIFORMES NA NA VESPERTILIONOIDEA Molossidae MOLOSSINAE NA Mops Chaerephon tomensis Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez 1993 1 Tadarida_(Chaerephon)_tomensis Juste, J. & C. IbÃ¡Ã±ez. (1993). A new Tadarida of the subgenus Chaerephon (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, Gulf of Guinea (West Africa). Journal of Mammalogy, 74(4), 901. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1382428.pdf?casa_token=rmWj7kdGRREAAAAA:CRGHFGxnX0e7-oockmn2RzO97HQJl8LBZB5LrgOJu6lALMqNRlSVlIhV5mOKVxmID0NzCUiXvr3q639YmNq-8g8qh0rzis05WnNJMAMHE6GNuA5Mc3k EBD 18256 "Praia das Conchas, 3 km NW Guadalupe, SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, Republic of SÃ£o TomÃ© and Principe (0Â°24'N, 6Â°37'E)." 0.4 6.616667 tomensis (Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez, 1993) moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement Gregorin, R., & Cirranello, A. (2016). Phylogeny of Molossidae Gervais (Mammalia: Chiroptera) inferred by morphological data. Cladistics, 32(1), 2-35.|Simmons, N. B. and A. L. Cirranello (2020). https://batnames.org/explore.html. Accessed: 10 May 2020. URL: https://batnames.org/explore.html. SÃ£o TomÃ© & PrÃncipe Africa Afrotropic EN 0 0 0 Chaerephon_tomensis 1 oldname match Chaerephon_tomensis 0 Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393 Mops_tomensis 1005163 23 Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Chiroptera Yangochiroptera NA NA Vespertilionoidea Molossidae Molossinae NA Mops Ornatomops tomensis Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez 1 Tadarida (Chaerephon) tomensis Juste, J. and IbÃ¡Ã±ez, C. 1993. A new _Tadarida_ of the subgenus _Chaerephon_ (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, Gulf of Guinea (West Africa). Journal of Mammalogy 74(4):901-907. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1382428 EBD 18256 holotype "Praia das Conchas, 3 km NW Guadalupe, SÃ£o TomÃ© Island, Republic of SÃ£o TomÃ© and Principe (0Â°24'N, 6Â°37'E)." 0.4 6.616667 moved from Chaerephon to Mops, although further research is needed to confirm this placement Gregorin, R., & Cirranello, A. (2016). Phylogeny of Molossidae Gervais (Mammalia: Chiroptera) inferred by morphological data. Cladistics, 32(1), 2-35.|Simmons, N. B. and A. L. Cirranello (2020). https://batnames.org/explore.html. Accessed: 10 May 2020. URL: https://batnames.org/explore.html.|Torrent, L., Garin, I., Aihartza, J., MÃ©ndezâ€RodrÃguez, A., Nguema Alene, E. A., & Juste, J. (2025). Genetic and Morphological Evidence From a Group of Rare African Freeâ€Tailed Bats Reveals a New Subgenus Within Mops. Ecology and Evolution, 15(5), e71288. SÃ£o TomÃ© and PrÃncipe Africa Afrotropic EN 0 0 0 Chaerephon_tomensis 1 oldname match Chaerephon_tomensis 0 Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586 Molossidae Mops tomensis Juste & IbÃ¡Ã±ez 1993 1 J. Mammal. 89:01:00 São Tomé Free-tailed Bat None. Sao Tome and Principe, SãoTomÃ© Isl, 3 km NW Guadalupe, Praia das Conchas. SÃ£o TomÃ© Isl. Not Listed Endangered plicatusspecies group. Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505 NA Chaerephon tomensis; Chaerephon tomensis; Mops tomensis; Mops tomensis; Chaerephon tomensis; Mops tomensis; tomensis; Tadaride de Sao Tomé; Sao-Tomé-Bulldogfledermaus; Caerepon de Sao Tomé; Sao Tome Free-tailed Bat; São Tomé Free-tailed Bat; São Tomé Free-tailed Bat; M. tomensis