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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L8	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Pteropus leucotis	Pteropus leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon leucotis		[MSW2] Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982fl).; [MSW3] Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982a).; [HMW] Pteropus leucotis Sanborn, 1950 , “Singay, Busuanga Island, Calamianes Group, Philippine Islands .” Two subspecies are recognized.; [batnames2022] Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982 a ).; [batnames2023] Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982 a ).; [batnames2025_1.7] Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982a).						obscurus.		leucotis, obscurus		leucotis, obscurus		leucotis, obscurus		leucotis, obscurus		leucotis, obscurus		leucotis, obscurus	leucotis, obscurus	leucotis, obscurus		leucotis (Sanborn, 1950)|obscurus (Sanborn, 1950)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.		Busuanga I, Palawan, S Philippines	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Pteropus leucotis	Philippines, Calamian Isis., Busuanga Isl., Singay.	Sanborn	1950	Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 63:189.	Distribution: Confined to the Palawan group in the southeastern Philip pines.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		Busuanga I, Palawan, Balabac, Philippines; ref. 4.16	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Sanborn	1950	Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 63:189.	Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982fl).	Balabac, Palawan, Busuanga Isl (Philippines).	Philippines, Calamian Isis, Busuanga Isl, Singay.		SANBORN	1950	A distinct ante ro-internal cusp on the middle lower premolar. Ears relatively short and rounded (23-32 mm). Size relatively small (forearm length, 137-143 mm). Distinction from A. humilis not clear, though of course, separated geographically by the larger Philippine species.	Distribution: Confined to the Palawan group in the southeastern Philip pines.	Two subspecies.		27	species	A. leucotis	SANBORN	1950	Acerodon	genus	Acerodon leucotis				A distinct ante ro-internal cusp on the middle lower premolar. Ears relatively short and rounded (23-32 mm). Size relatively small (forearm length, 137- 143 mm). Distinction from A. humilis not clear, though of course, separated geographically by the larger Philippine species.	Two subspecies.		6. A. leucotis (SANBORN 1950).	6	_A. l. leucotis_ (Sanborn, 1950); _A. l. obscurus_ (Sanborn, 1950)			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Pteropodidae			Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon		leucotis	Sanborn	y	1950		Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.	63		189		Palawan Fruit Bat	Philippines, Calamianes Isls, Busuanga Isl, Singay.	Balabac, Palawan, Busuanga Isl (Philippines).	CITES – Appendix II. IUCN/SSC Action Plan (1992) – No Data. IUCN 2003 – Vulnerable.	obscurus Sanborn, 1950.	Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982a).	03AD87FAFF89F66789693EA7F755FAC6	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff94ff82ffc4f62a891e341cffa5ff9b	135	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/AD/87/03AD87FAFF89F66789693EA7F755FAC6.xml	Acerodon leucotis	Pteropodidae	Acerodon	leucotis	Sanborn	1950	Acérodon de Palawan @fr | Palawan-Flughund @de | Zorro volador de Palawan @es | Palawan Fruit Bat @en	Pteropus leucotis Sanborn, 1950 , “Singay, Busuanga Island, Calamianes Group, Philippine Islands .” Two subspecies are recognized.	A. lL leucotis Sanborn, 1950 — Calamian Is (Busuanga). A. l. obscurus Sanborn, 1950 — Palawan and Balabac Is.	Tailless, ear 29-32 mm , hindfoot 46 mm , forearm 130-165 mm . Greatest lengths of skulls are 67-69 mm . Ears of the Palawan Flying Fox have rounded tips and are shorter than muzzle, with no reduction above. Ears are light brown to whitish, almost translucent, with white to whitish silvery cap between ears flecked with light brown hairs. Body is generally light tan brown, with variable patches of large white to whitish silvery patches above and below. Mantle is slightly more golden russet than body. Uropatagium is reduced; calcar is small. Skull is typical pteropine, with long postorbital processes, although not quite reaching zygomatic process. P' is often early deciduous.	Primary and dense secondary forests. The Palawan Flying Fox has been observed in several disturbed forest remnants with dense secondary forest, suggesting some degree of tolerance for disturbance. It was previously recorded at sea level, but its upper elevational limit is not known. Dense secondary forests that it currently uses are threatened by potential exploitation from agroforestry as palm oil and rubber plantations.	The Palawan Flying Fox eats mangoes and is also found in Ficus ( Moraceae ) trees. It has been recorded foraging at c¢. 8 m high in tree canopies.	Reproduction of the Palawan Flying Fox is thought to be similar to that of other Acerodon flying foxes. It is suspected to live up to 6-8 years, suggesting an estimated generation time of 3-5 years.	Palawan Flying Foxes are nocturnal and have been found in small tents at the canopy level.	In southern Palawan , the Palawan Flying Fox does not form large colonies, which might be a consequence of overhunting that makes observations and tracking difficult.	CITES Appendix II. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Population of the Palawan Flying Fox is projected to decline more than 30% over three generations due to hunting and habitat loss. In southern Palawan , unsustainable hunting of flying foxes for food is the primary threat. Expansion of palm oil and rubber plantations into Palawan will degrade potential roosting and foraging habitats. It has been found in protected areas on Palawan , but enforcement of existing laws restricting hunting and habitat protection are lacking.	Corbet & Hill (1992) | Esselstyn, Widmann & Heaney (2004) | Ingle & Heaney (1992) | Musser et al. (1982) | Ong, Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Esselstyn et al. (2008) | Sanborn (1950a)		133. Palawan Flying Fox Acerodon leucotis French: Acérodon de Palawan / German: Palawan-Flughund / Spanish: Zorro volador de Palawan Other common names: Palawan Fruit Bat Taxonomy. Pteropus leucotis Sanborn, 1950 , “Singay, Busuanga Island, Calamianes Group, Philippine Islands .” Two subspecies are recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. A. lL leucotis Sanborn, 1950 — Calamian Is (Busuanga). A. l. obscurus Sanborn, 1950 — Palawan and Balabac Is. Descriptive notes. Tailless, ear 29-32 mm , hindfoot 46 mm , forearm 130-165 mm . Greatest lengths of skulls are 67-69 mm . Ears of the Palawan Flying Fox have rounded tips and are shorter than muzzle, with no reduction above. Ears are light brown to whitish, almost translucent, with white to whitish silvery cap between ears flecked with light brown hairs. Body is generally light tan brown, with variable patches of large white to whitish silvery patches above and below. Mantle is slightly more golden russet than body. Uropatagium is reduced; calcar is small. Skull is typical pteropine, with long postorbital processes, although not quite reaching zygomatic process. P' is often early deciduous. Habitat. Primary and dense secondary forests. The Palawan Flying Fox has been observed in several disturbed forest remnants with dense secondary forest, suggesting some degree of tolerance for disturbance. It was previously recorded at sea level, but its upper elevational limit is not known. Dense secondary forests that it currently uses are threatened by potential exploitation from agroforestry as palm oil and rubber plantations. Food and Feeding. The Palawan Flying Fox eats mangoes and is also found in Ficus ( Moraceae ) trees. It has been recorded foraging at c¢. 8 m high in tree canopies. Breeding. Reproduction of the Palawan Flying Fox is thought to be similar to that of other Acerodon flying foxes. It is suspected to live up to 6-8 years, suggesting an estimated generation time of 3-5 years. Activity patterns. Palawan Flying Foxes are nocturnal and have been found in small tents at the canopy level. Movements, Home range and Social organization. In southern Palawan , the Palawan Flying Fox does not form large colonies, which might be a consequence of overhunting that makes observations and tracking difficult. Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Population of the Palawan Flying Fox is projected to decline more than 30% over three generations due to hunting and habitat loss. In southern Palawan , unsustainable hunting of flying foxes for food is the primary threat. Expansion of palm oil and rubber plantations into Palawan will degrade potential roosting and foraging habitats. It has been found in protected areas on Palawan , but enforcement of existing laws restricting hunting and habitat protection are lacking. Bibliography. Corbet & Hill (1992), Esselstyn, Widmann & Heaney (2004), Ingle & Heaney (1992), Musser et al. (1982), Ong, Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Esselstyn et al. (2008), Sanborn (1950a).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Pteropodidae	Acerodon leucotis	Acerodon		leucotis	Sanborn	1950	1	Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.	66:09:00	Palawan Fruit Bat	<b> obscurus </b> Sanborn, 1950.	Philippines, Calamianes Isls, Busuanga Isl, Singay.	Balabac, Palawan, Busuanga Isl (Philippines).	Appendix II	Vulnerable	Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982 a ).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Acerodon leucotis	23	Palawan Flying Fox	Palawan Fruit Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	PTEROPODOIDEA	PTEROPODIDAE	PTEROPODINAE	PTEROPODINI	Acerodon	NA	leucotis	Sanborn	1950	1						"Singay, Busuanga Island, Calamianes Group, Philippine Islands."			leucotis (Sanborn, 1950)|obscurus (Sanborn, 1950)	NA	NA	Philippines	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Acerodon_leucotis	0	sciname match	Acerodon_leucotis	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	140	Acerodon leucotis	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIDAE	Acerodon	leucotis	(Sanborn, 1950)		20000000	Acerodon leucotis	Vulnerable	A4cd	2020	2019-04-23 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	<p>Acerodon leucotis is listed as Vulnerable under criterion A4cd because of a past and projected future population decline, estimated to be more than 30% over three generations (GL = 4 years, Pacifici et al. 2013) inferred from continued overharvesting and habitat destruction and degradation. </p>	<p>How common A. leucotis is in primary and secondary forests remains unknown because it does not aggregate in large colonies and appropriate survey methods have not been identified for the species (Hoogstraal 1951, Heaney et al. 1998). Hence, it might not be recorded in surveys of places where it does occur (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2007). This species is found in primary and dense secondary forest in inconspicuous locations, making small tents in the tree tops. It has also been found feeding in degraded secondary forest/grassland mosaic at around eight m in the canopy (Esselstyn et al. 2004, P. Widmann pers. comm. 2006). PBCFI surveys located about 80 roosting individuals in a Ficus tree in the middle of a cashew plantation in Culion. At leasts three roosts sites reported by locals were found in mangrove areas or in trees close to mangrove habitats. (L. M. Paguntalan, per. comm., 2012).  In 2011/12, Palawan flying foxes were caught in forest edges, open woodland close to fruit trees (cashew and mango plantations), mangrove areas and beach forests, no roosting colonies were documented (L.J. Paguntalan pers. Comm. 2019). Three sub-adults were caught in March 2011 (one individual) and March 2012 (2 individuals). ;</p>	<p>In southern Palawan, A. leucotis seems to have declined due to hunting for food (van den Beukel et al. , 2008, Lacerna and Widmann 2008, P. Widmann pers. comm. 2006). It is likely that much of the remaining secondary forest will be converted to palm and rubber plantations in the future, and large lowland areas in southern Palawan are covered by mining applications (P. Widmann, pers. comm., 2012). Only one of the known sites where the Palawan Flying Fox was recorded is currently under local protection (municipal ordinance declaring marine protected area, including the mangroves where the Palawan flying fox was also recorded). This site was ravaged by Typhoon Hainan in 9 November 2013 where a number of bats were reported by locals floating in the sea after Typhoon Hainan passed through. The site was revisited in March 2014, June 2014 and it was only in September 2014 when the roosting colony of Large flying fox (approximately 5,000 individuals) were observed. In March 2015, six individuals of Palawan Flying Foxes were observed roosting together with Large flying foxes and Island flying fox. ; ;</p>	<p>Overall, A. leucotis is believed to be in significant decline (30% over 3 generations) from hunting and habitat loss (P. Widmann, pers. comm. 2012), the decline is expected to continue. The highest count of roosting individuals in Culion was about 80 individuals (L. Paguntalan, pers. comm. 2012). The species may live for at least five years, possibly up to six to eight years (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2007) and has an estimated generation length of 4 years (Pacifici et al. 2013).</p>	Decreasing	<p>The Palawan fruit bat is endemic to the Philippines, where it is found only in the Palawan Faunal Region, including Palawan, Busuanga, Calamian, Culion, Balabac, and Bat Island in Honda Bay (Heaney et al. 1998, Widmann et al. 2008). The species has been recorded at sea level, but its upper elevation limit is unknown. Appropriate sampling methods for A. leucotis have not yet been identified (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006), and because it does not form large colonies it might be overlooked during surveys (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2007). A survey using mist nets in the canopy of secondary forest in San Vicente, Pagdanan Range, in the north of the Palawan Island did not record any individuals of the species (P. Widmann et al. 2008). The Bat Count Project observational surveys failed to locate the species on Rasa Island, Narra and on Bat Island in Honda Bay, Puerto Princesa (Mildenstein 2011). A biodiversity survey conducted by the Philippines Biodiversity Conservation Foundation, Inc. mist-netted two individuals in San Rafael, Busuanga in 2010 and saw a number of flying foxes moving to the forest in the early evening. One individual was also mist-netted in Binudac, Culion in 2010 (first record for Culion) and nine individuals were mist-netted in Marily Malaki, de Carabao in Culion in March 2012. About 80 individuals were observed roosting in a Ficus tree in the middle of a cashew plantation in Marily Malaki in March 2012. The PBCFI project also caught two individuals in the Calamian Island, where the species was previously thought to be extinct (L. M. Paguntalan and G. Jakosalem, per. comm., 2012). During a 2011/12 survey of 26 sites in Palawan (13 islands including Calamian Islands), the Palawan flying fox was mist-netted in seven sites within the Calamian Islands (Culion – Halsey, Binudac and Mariley deCarabao, Busuanga – Cheey, New Busuanga, San Rafael, and Bogtong). Further, it was observed roosting one time on an island a kilometer away from Conception in Busuanga. It has been reported by locals on Calauit Island. The flying fox roosting colonies on mainland Palawan (Malampaya Sound Protected Landscape and Seascape, Tumarbong in Roxas, San Vicente, Puerto Princesa, Ursula Island, Bat Island in Honda Bay, Rasa Island, Dumaran Island, Pagbu Island in Roxas) and Calamian Islands (Tantangen Island in Conception, Culion (Halsey and Pearl farm, Club Paradise) were mostly Large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus ) and Common Island flying fox (Pteropus hypomelanus ). There were reports and photographs of roosts in Halsey, Culion and in smaller islands in between Culion and Busuanga islands. These roosts have not been verified but photographs have shown lightly-colored/cream-colored flying foxes (L. M. Paguntalan, pers. comm., 2012).</p>	This species has been over-harvested for food in southern Palawan.	Terrestrial	<p> Current conservation efforts Acerodon leucotis has been listed in Appendix II of CITES since 1990 and it is also protected under the Philippine Wildlife Act (Republic Act No. 9147, 2001). The species has been recorded in a number of formally protected areas, but protection of the bats within these areas is not enforced Philippines Biodiversity Conservation Foundation Inc. (PBCFI) has conducted a series of biological surveys (2006, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014) and had identified top 10 priority sites for conservation. This information had been presented to a number of stakeholders (local government units, Department of Environment and Natural Resources Region 4b, Community Environment and Natural Resources Office - Coron (CENRO - Coron), Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD), Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff (PCSDS), Calauit Island Safari and Wildlife Park, Balik Caluit Movement, Local governments in Culion, Coron and Busuanga, local schools and private corporations) and used as basis in declaring priority areas for conservation in Calamian Group of Islands. The information generated was used in updating the Environment Critical Areas Network (ECAN) of Calamian Islands.  PBCFI is currently continuing the search for roosting colonies of flying foxes in Palawan. In Busuanga Island, PBCFI in partnership with a local organization - Community Centered Conservation (C3) - works closely with local communities, local government units in Busuanga, private corporations in declaring remaining significant forests patches and known flying fox roosting sites as local conservation areas. PBCFI also worked closely with the technical working group organized by the Development Academy of the Philippines (DAP) tasked by Forest Management Bureau in integrating biodiversity conservation in the Busuanga Island Development and Management Plan.  Information campaign and appreciation of wildlife species including flying foxes were also conducted. In line with this, information on the importance of flying foxes were also integrated in the local nature-based tours operating close to roosting colonies. Some members of the local communities were also trained in identifying flying foxes.  Conservation needs/priorities Clearly, one of the top priorities needs to be additional research, we need to know more about where populations are extant, and we need to know much more about their current status. There is also a need to revisit reported roosting colonies in mainland Palawan. Long-term studies that track populations are very badly needed (L. Heaney, pers. comm., 2012). A. Biodiversity Protection - Stricter habitat protection, and control of hunting, are both important conservation measures that need to be implemented. There are no protected areas identified in Culion and Busuanga Islands. Almost all of the largest remaining forests of Busuanga are under Busuanga Pastureland Reserve while the remaining forests in Busuanga and Culion are classified as timberland/forestland. There is a need to declare remaining forests as protected areas or wildlife/nature reserves and watersheds.  There are is also a need to work closely with private land owners to lobby for the creation of network of private nature reserves. The remaining forests in most of the islands are important feeding and roosting sites of the flying foxes including the Palawan flying fox. In most islands, only few patches remain (e.g. Coron areas in Busuanga Island) and these forest patches are also important sources of water for both agriculture and domestic use.  B. Habitat rehabilitation - There is a need to strengthen the habitat rehabilitation initiatives in the island and to work closely with pastureland/private land owners in setting aside networks of forests that will not only cater to watershed conservation but also as refuge areas for wildlife.  C. Research - Appropriate survey techniques should be identified for this species and further surveys undertaken. Specifically, ethnozoological surveys should be conducted, particularly in southern Palawan, where large fruit bats are regularly hunted for food. Potential habitat should be surveyed throughout Palawan employing suitable capturing techniques (e.g. canopy nets) and sampling to understand habitat used and assess population abundance.  D. Communication, Education and Public Awareness - Education and awareness campaigns should be conducted in local communities with flying foxes as focal species (P. Widmann, pers. comm., 2012). Integration on the importance of flying foxes in local tourism activities, training local communities in identification and monitoring particularly for areas close to tourism and protection activities. ;</p>	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Pteropodidae	Acerodon		leucotis	Sanborn	1950	1	Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.	66:09:00	Palawan Fruit Bat	<b> obscurus </b> Sanborn, 1950.	Philippines, Calamianes Isls, Busuanga Isl, Singay.	Balabac, Palawan, Busuanga Isl (Philippines).	Appendix II	Vulnerable	Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982 a ).	Acerodon leucotis	1004445	23	Palawan Flying Fox	Palawan Fruit Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	PTEROPODOIDEA	Pteropodidae	PTEROPODINAE	PTEROPODINI	Acerodon	NA	leucotis	Sanborn	1950	1						"Singay, Busuanga Island, Calamianes Group, Philippine Islands."			leucotis (Sanborn, 1950)|obscurus (Sanborn, 1950)	NA	NA				Philippines	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Acerodon_leucotis	0	sciname match	Acerodon_leucotis	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Acerodon_leucotis	1004445	23	Palawan Flying Fox	Palawan Fruit Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Pteropodoidea	Pteropodidae	Pteropodinae	Pteropodini	Acerodon	NA	leucotis	Sanborn	1	Pteropus leucotis	Sanborn, C.C. 1950-12-29. New Philippine fruit bats. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 63:189-190.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35879121	FMNH:Mamm:63736	holotype	http://portal.vertnet.org/o/fmnh/mammals?id=2af75d38-0f22-4e46-9eb1-c5a418018663	"Singay, Busuanga Island, Calamianes Group, Philippine Islands."			NA	NA				Philippines	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Acerodon_leucotis	0	sciname match	Acerodon_leucotis	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Pteropodidae	Acerodon		leucotis	Sanborn	1950	1	Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.	66:09:00	Palawan Fruit Bat	obscurus Sanborn, 1950.	Philippines, Calamianes Isls, Busuanga Isl, Singay.	Balabac, Palawan, Busuanga Isl (Philippines).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Appendix II</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/140/21988055/' target='_blank'>Vulnerable</a>	Formerly included in Pteropus (see Musser et al., 1982a).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Acerodon leucotis; A. leucotis; Acerodon leucotis obscurus; Acerodon leucotis leucotis; obscurus; Acérodon de Palawan; Palawan-Flughund; Zorro volador de Palawan; Palawan Fruit Bat; Palawan Flying Fox; Palawan Fruit Bat; Palawan Fruit Bat; Palawan Fruit Bat; Acerodon leucotis leucotis; Acerodon leucotis obscurus; Acerodon obscurus; Acerodon luecotis; A. leucotis