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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L680	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus alvarezi		[HMW] Molossus alvarezi Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011 , “Rio Lagartos, 20 m , Municipio de Rio Lagartos, Yucatan , Mexico ( 21°35’51”N , 88°9' 28"W ).” Specimens of Molossus sinaloae from Yucatan were described as M. alvarezi based on morphology. Recent molecular study showed that individuals from Central and South America group with M. alvarezi and not with individuals of M. sinaloae from Pacific slope of Mexico , with which they were previously grouped. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Loureiro et al. (2019) transferred some specimens of sinaloae from Honduras and French Guiana to this taxon.; [MDD2022] recently described; [batnames2023] Loureiro et al. (2019) transferred some specimens of sinaloae from Honduras and French Guiana to this taxon.; [MDD2023] recently described; [MDD2025_2.0] recently described; [batnames2025_1.7] Loureiro et al. (2019) transferred some specimens of sinaloae from Honduras and French Guiana to this taxon.; [MDD2025_2.2] recently described														alvarezi				alvarezi 	alvarezi 			alvarezi González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011						N/A																																								NA																											194287C9FFB9BA15B4A5F128BB33FB87	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Molossidae_598.pdf.imf	hash://md5/e57bffb1ffbcba10b412f760b226ffce	624	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/19/42/87/194287C9FFB9BA15B4A5F128BB33FB87.xml	Molossus alvarezi	Molossidae	Molossus	alvarezi	Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales	2011	Molosse d Alvarez @fr | Alvarez-Samtfledermaus @de | Moloso de Alvarez @es | Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat @en	Molossus alvarezi Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011 , “Rio Lagartos, 20 m , Municipio de Rio Lagartos, Yucatan , Mexico ( 21°35’51”N , 88°9' 28"W ).” Specimens of Molossus sinaloae from Yucatan were described as M. alvarezi based on morphology. Recent molecular study showed that individuals from Central and South America group with M. alvarezi and not with individuals of M. sinaloae from Pacific slope of Mexico , with which they were previously grouped. Monotypic.	Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Belize , and Guatemala through Central America into South America, including Colombia , coastal Venezuela , the Guianas, and Amazonian Peru ; also on Trinidad I.	Head-body 65-88 mm, tail 41-48 mm, ear 10-14 mm, hindfoot 10-12 mm, forearm 42-7-47-4 mm; weight 20-30 g. Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat is larger than Pallas’s Mastiff Bat ( M. molossus ) but smaller than Miller’s Mastiff Bat ( M. pretiosus ) and the Black Mastiff Bat ( M. rufus ). Dorsal fur of Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat is brownish, with wide paler band at base accounting for more than one-half the hair length. Venter is grayish or brownish and always paler than dorsum. Dorsal pelage is long reaching 3-5 mm; ventral pelage is 2-3 mm. Ears are rounded and arise from same point on forehead. Tragus is small, and antitragus is constricted at its base. Face is chocolatebrown, and upper lip and snout are smooth and lack any medial ridge. Wings and uropatagium are brownish. Skull has elongated braincase, triangular occipital region, and infraorbital foramen opening laterally in frontal view. Basioccipital pits are moderately deep. I? is thin and elongated, with parallel tips. Dental formula for all species of Molossusis11/1,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 26. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 48 and FN = 58.	Rainforests, low forests, deciduous tropical woodlands, and xeric vegetation bordering coastal, rural, and urban areas from lowlands to elevations of ¢. 2400 m .	Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat is an aerial insectivore that mostly eats moths, but beetles and other insects are also part of its diet.	In Honduras , pregnant, lactating, post-lactating, and reproductively inactive female and reproductively active male Alvarez’s Mastiff Bats were caught in July. In Nicaragua , pregnant and lactating females were also caught in July and reproductively active males in June-August. In Costa Rica , pregnant females and juveniles were caught throughout the year, but most reproductive activity was observed in May-June and December. Pregnant and lactating females have never been observed at the same time. Littersize is typically one, but twins have been reported in one in 20 litters. Lactation lasts 6-8 weeks.	Alvarez’s Mastiff Bats are more active two hours after sunset and two hours before dawn. They roost in caves and houses. Search calls are composed of a small FM element and larger CF component. Search calls regularly alternate between two of three tones. First pulse has lower frequency (26-36 kHz), and second pulse has slightly higher frequency (31-38 kHz).	Colonies of Alvarez’s Mastiff Bats have 20-106 individuals. Three types of roosting social structures were reported: solitary males, multiple-male colonies, and groups of females with occasional or frequent visits by resident males. In Nicaragua , a nursery colony was observed in June with only females and young, and another colony was reported with adult males, lactating females, and young. In February, a small colony with one adult male, one pregnant female, and one young was documented. Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat has been reported roosting with Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat (Glossophaga soricina) and sharing differenttiles in the same roof segment with the Black Mastiff Bat ( Molossus rufus ) and the Common Dwarf Bonneted Bat ( Eumops bonariensis ).	Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Because Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat was recently described, no information is yet available on its conservation status.	Arroyo-Cabrales (2014) | Birney et al. (1974) | Bowles (1972) | Bowles et al. (1990) | Eisenberg (1989) | Freeman (1979) | Gonzéalez-Ruiz et al. (2011) | Handley (1976) | Harris (1943) | Heideman et al. (1990) | Jones (1966) | Jones, Smith & Genoways (1973) | Jones, Smith &Turner (1971) | Jung et al. (2014) | LaVal & Fitch (1977) | Loureiro et al. (2019) | Marinkelle & Cadena (1972) | Mora (2016) | O'Farrell et al. (1999) | Owen & Girén (2012) | Reid (2009) | Simmons & Voss (1998) | Timm & LaVal (1998) | Warner et al. (1974)	https://zenodo.org/record/6772258/files/figure.png	11. Alvarez’s Mastff Bat Molossus alvarezi French: Molosse dAlvarez / German: Alvarez-Samtfledermaus / Spanish: Moloso de Alvarez Other common names: Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat Taxonomy. Molossus alvarezi Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011 , “Rio Lagartos, 20 m , Municipio de Rio Lagartos, Yucatan , Mexico ( 21°35’51”N , 88°9' 28"W ).” Specimens of Molossus sinaloae from Yucatan were described as M. alvarezi based on morphology. Recent molecular study showed that individuals from Central and South America group with M. alvarezi and not with individuals of M. sinaloae from Pacific slope of Mexico , with which they were previously grouped. Monotypic. Distribution. Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Belize , and Guatemala through Central America into South America, including Colombia , coastal Venezuela , the Guianas, and Amazonian Peru ; also on Trinidad I. Descriptive notes. Head-body 65-88 mm, tail 41-48 mm, ear 10-14 mm, hindfoot 10-12 mm, forearm 42-7-47-4 mm; weight 20-30 g. Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat is larger than Pallas’s Mastiff Bat ( M. molossus ) but smaller than Miller’s Mastiff Bat ( M. pretiosus ) and the Black Mastiff Bat ( M. rufus ). Dorsal fur of Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat is brownish, with wide paler band at base accounting for more than one-half the hair length. Venter is grayish or brownish and always paler than dorsum. Dorsal pelage is long reaching 3-5 mm; ventral pelage is 2-3 mm. Ears are rounded and arise from same point on forehead. Tragus is small, and antitragus is constricted at its base. Face is chocolatebrown, and upper lip and snout are smooth and lack any medial ridge. Wings and uropatagium are brownish. Skull has elongated braincase, triangular occipital region, and infraorbital foramen opening laterally in frontal view. Basioccipital pits are moderately deep. I? is thin and elongated, with parallel tips. Dental formula for all species of Molossusis11/1,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 26. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 48 and FN = 58. Habitat. Rainforests, low forests, deciduous tropical woodlands, and xeric vegetation bordering coastal, rural, and urban areas from lowlands to elevations of ¢. 2400 m . Food and Feeding. Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat is an aerial insectivore that mostly eats moths, but beetles and other insects are also part of its diet. Breeding. In Honduras , pregnant, lactating, post-lactating, and reproductively inactive female and reproductively active male Alvarez’s Mastiff Bats were caught in July. In Nicaragua , pregnant and lactating females were also caught in July and reproductively active males in June-August. In Costa Rica , pregnant females and juveniles were caught throughout the year, but most reproductive activity was observed in May-June and December. Pregnant and lactating females have never been observed at the same time. Littersize is typically one, but twins have been reported in one in 20 litters. Lactation lasts 6-8 weeks. Activity patterns. Alvarez’s Mastiff Bats are more active two hours after sunset and two hours before dawn. They roost in caves and houses. Search calls are composed of a small FM element and larger CF component. Search calls regularly alternate between two of three tones. First pulse has lower frequency (26-36 kHz), and second pulse has slightly higher frequency (31-38 kHz). Movements, Home range and Social organization. Colonies of Alvarez’s Mastiff Bats have 20-106 individuals. Three types of roosting social structures were reported: solitary males, multiple-male colonies, and groups of females with occasional or frequent visits by resident males. In Nicaragua , a nursery colony was observed in June with only females and young, and another colony was reported with adult males, lactating females, and young. In February, a small colony with one adult male, one pregnant female, and one young was documented. Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat has been reported roosting with Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat (Glossophaga soricina) and sharing differenttiles in the same roof segment with the Black Mastiff Bat ( Molossus rufus ) and the Common Dwarf Bonneted Bat ( Eumops bonariensis ). Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Because Alvarez’s Mastiff Bat was recently described, no information is yet available on its conservation status. Bibliography. Arroyo-Cabrales (2014), Birney et al. (1974), Bowles (1972), Bowles et al. (1990), Eisenberg (1989), Freeman (1979), Gonzéalez-Ruiz et al. (2011), Handley (1976), Harris (1943), Heideman et al. (1990), Jones (1966), Jones, Smith & Genoways (1973), Jones, Smith &Turner (1971), Jung et al. (2014), LaVal & Fitch (1977), Loureiro et al. (2019), Marinkelle & Cadena (1972), Mora (2016), O'Farrell et al. (1999), Owen & Girén (2012), Reid (2009), Simmons & Voss (1998), Timm & LaVal (1998), Warner et al. (1974).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Molossidae	Molossus alvarezi	Molossus		alvarezi	Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales	2011	0	Mamm. Biol.	76(4): 464	Alvarez's Mastiff Bat	None.	Mexico, Yucatan, Municipio de Rio Lagartos, Rio Lagartos	Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, south to Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana, Peru, Trinidad	Not listed.	Data Deficient	Loureiro et al. (2019) transferred some specimens of sinaloae from Honduras and French Guiana to this taxon.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Molossus alvarezi	23	Alvarez's Mastiff Bat	Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	MOLOSSIDAE	MOLOSSINAE	NA	Molossus	NA	alvarezi	González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales	2011	0	Molossus_alvarezi	González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J., & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2011). A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology, 76(4), 464.	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1016%2Fj.mambio.2010.06.004	ENCB 34208		"Río Lagartos, 20 m, Municipio de Río Lagartos, Yucatán, Mexico (21°35'51"N, 88°9'28"W)."	21.598	-88.16	alvarezi González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011	recently described	González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J., & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2011). A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology, 76(4), 461-469.	Mexico|Belize|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Peru|Trinidad & Tobago	North America|South America	Neotropic	DD	0	0	0	Molossus_alvarezi	0	unmatched	NA	1	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	90000000	Molossus alvarezi	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	MOLOSSIDAE	Molossus	alvarezi	Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido &; Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011		90000000	Molossus alvarezi	Data Deficient		2016	2016-07-08 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	The species is listed as Data Deficient because our lack of knowledge about several key aspects of its biology and ecology (habitat and roost requirements). Because of its recent recognition as a distinct species, much of what is know seems insufficient as to make a decision on the threats affecting its populations.	Molossus alvarezi has a restricted distribution in an area of relatively homogeneous environmental conditions. At this place the plant communities gradually change, from a perennial rainforest in the south and southeast, to a low forest in the centre, and in the northeast there is a small band of xeric vegetation bordering the northern coast (González-Ruiz et al. 2011).	Threats to this species are unknown.	It could be pretty common at some specific localities, although most sites have produces less than five specimens each.	Unknown	This species is currently known from only the northern and eastern Yucatán Peninsula, in the states of Quintana Roo and Yucatán, southern Mexico (González-Ruiz et al.  2011). It would be reasonable to expect this species from Belize and northern Guatemala.		Terrestrial	Further studies are needed into the distribution, habitat, ecology, and threats to this species.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Molossidae	Molossus		alvarezi	Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales	2011	0	Mamm. Biol.	76(4): 464	Alvarez's Mastiff Bat	None.	Mexico, Yucatan, Municipio de Rio Lagartos, Rio Lagartos	Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, south to Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana, Peru, Trinidad	Not listed.	Data Deficient	Loureiro et al. (2019) transferred some specimens of sinaloae from Honduras and French Guiana to this taxon.	Molossus alvarezi	1005194	23	Alvarez's Mastiff Bat	Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Molossidae	MOLOSSINAE	NA	Molossus	NA	alvarezi	González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales	2011	0	Molossus_alvarezi	González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J., & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2011). A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology, 76(4), 464.	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1016%2Fj.mambio.2010.06.004	ENCB 34208		"Río Lagartos, 20 m, Municipio de Río Lagartos, Yucatán, Mexico (21°35'51"N, 88°9'28"W)."	21.5975	-88.1578	alvarezi González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011	recently described	González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J., & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2011). A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology, 76(4), 461-469.				Mexico|Belize|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Peru|Trinidad & Tobago	North America|South America	Neotropic	DD	0	0	0	Molossus_alvarezi	0	unmatched	NA	1	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Molossus_alvarezi	1005194	23	Alvarez's Mastiff Bat	Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Molossidae	Molossinae	NA	Molossus	NA	alvarezi	González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales	0	Molossus alvarezi	González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J. and Arroyo-Cabrales, J. 2011-07. A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology 76(4):461-469.	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.06.004	ENCB 34208	holotype		"Río Lagartos, 20 m, Municipio de Río Lagartos, Yucatán, Mexico (21°35'51"N, 88°9'28"W)."	21.5975	-88.1578	recently described	González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J., & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2011). A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology, 76(4), 461-469.				Mexico|Belize|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Peru|Trinidad and Tobago	North America|South America	Neotropic	DD	0	0	0	Molossus_alvarezi	0	unmatched	NA	1	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Molossidae	Molossus		alvarezi	Gonzalez-Ruiz, Ramirez-Pulido & Arroyo-Cabrales	2011	0	Mamm. Biol.	76(4): 464	Alvarez's Mastiff Bat	None.	Mexico, Yucatan, Municipio de Rio Lagartos, Rio Lagartos	Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, south to Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana, Peru, Trinidad	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88087329/88087332/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	Loureiro et al. (2019) transferred some specimens of sinaloae from Honduras and French Guiana to this taxon.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Molossus alvarezi; Molossus alvarezi; Molossus alvarezi; Molossus alvarezi; Molossus alvarezi; alvarezi; Molosse d Alvarez; Alvarez-Samtfledermaus; Moloso de Alvarez; Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat; Alvarez's Mastiff Bat; Alvarez's Free-tailed Bat; Alvarez's Mastiff Bat; M. alvarezi