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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L643	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus fuscus		[MSW2] Called medius by Hill (1983), but fuscus is the older name.; [MSW3] May include medius; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.; [HMW] Miniopterus fuscus Bonhote, 1902 , “ Okinawa , Liu-Kiu Islands [= Ryukyu Islands],” Japan . Miniopterusfuscus has been related to M. medius . Monotypic.; [batnames2022] May include medius ; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus ; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.; [MDD2022] moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae; [batnames2023] May include medius ; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus ; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.; [MDD2023] moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae; [MDD2025_2.0] moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae; [batnames2025_1.7] May include medius; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.; [MDD2025_2.2] moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae					(yayeyamae)	medius, yayeyamae.			yayeyamae			fuscus 	fuscus - yayeyamae	fuscus, yayeyamae		fuscus 	fuscus - yayeyamae	fuscus, yayeyamae	fuscus, yayeyamae	fuscus 	fuscus - yayeyamae	fuscus Bonhote, 1902|yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924						N/A					Distribution: Ranging from the Riukiu islands to Java and Celebes and perhaps to New Guinea.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		Ryukyu Is	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Bonhote	1902	Novit. Zool., 9:626.	Called medius by Hill (1983), but fuscus is the older name.	Ryukyu Isis (Japan), SE China, Thailand, W Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea.	Ryukyu Isis, Okinawa.		BONHOTE	1902	Size fairly small (forearm length, 38-45 mm; condylobasal length, 13-15 mm). Rostrum relatively broad.	Distribution: Ranging from the Riukiu islands to Java and Celebes and perhaps to New Guinea.	Two subspecies are here recognized: M.f fuscus (Riukius, southeastern China, and the Philippines), M.f. medius (Vietnam to Java and Celebes).		134	species	M. fuscus	BONHOTE	1902	Miniopterus	genus	Miniopterus fuscus				Size fairly small (forearm length, 38-45 mm; condylobasal length, 13-15 mm). Rostrum relatively broad.	Two subspecies are here recognized: M.f fuscus (Riukius, southeastern China, and the Philippines), M.f. medius (Vietnam to Java and Celebes).		6. M. fuscus BONHOTE 1902 [fuscus group].	6	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Miniopterinae		Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus		fuscus	Bonhote		1902		Novit. Zool.	9		626		Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	Japan, Ryukyu Isls, Okinawa.	Ryukyu Isls (Japan).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924.	May include medius; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.	E84887F9FFD5D65C0FFEF4DB143832FC	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Miniopteridae_674.pdf.imf	hash://md5/1471ff81ffd6d6580a4affec112f3619	694	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/E8/48/87/E84887F9FFD5D65C0FFEF4DB143832FC.xml	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopteridae	Miniopterus	fuscus	Bonhote	1902	Minioptére des Ryukyu @fr | Ryukyu-Langfligelfledermaus @de | Minioptero de Ryukyu @es | Japanese Long-fingered Bat @en | Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat @en | Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat @en | Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat @en	Miniopterus fuscus Bonhote, 1902 , “ Okinawa , Liu-Kiu Islands [= Ryukyu Islands],” Japan . Miniopterusfuscus has been related to M. medius . Monotypic.	Ryukyu Is (Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Okinawajima, Kumejima, Ishigakijima, and Iriomotejima). There is a record of one individual captured on Jeju I ( South Korea ) regarded as a vagrant as well as an old record from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now to be extinct there.	Head-body 53 mm (+ 6-3 mm SD), tail 52:5-55 mm, ear 10-9 mm (x 0-20 mm SD), hindfoot 9: 4 mm (+ O-12 mm SD), forearm 42-46 mm. The Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat is similar to the Asian Long-fingered Bat (M. fuliginosus) in all aspects butslightly smaller. It is reddish brown to blackish brown (and dark sooty brown), with individual hairs unicolored along their entire lengths.	Woodlands from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1300 m .	Diet of the Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat consists mainly of Lepidoptera , Diptera , and Hymenoptera that are captured in flight; last two orders seem to be positively selected. To a lesser extent, diets include species of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Neuroptera , and Psocodea.	Maternity colonies of Ryukyu Long-fingered Bats consist of several thousand females and are formed in June-August. Births mostly occur in June. Females can give birth in their first year of life, but most give birth for the first time in their second year. Mating season and reproductive patterns (e.g. delayed implantation, etc.) are unknown.	The Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat is thought to be nocturnal and it can be active in winter. It roost in caves and abandoned mines.	No information.	Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat has a known distribution of less than 5000 km ? which is severely fragmented. Only three breeding colonies are known, one on Okinawajima and two on Iriomotejima, and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat.	Abe et al. (2005) | Bonhote (1902) | Fukui et al. (2009) | Maeda (2008c) | Ohdachi et al. (2009)	https://zenodo.org/record/5735216/files/figure.png	5. Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus fuscus French: Minioptére des Ryukyu / German: Ryukyu-Langfligelfledermaus / Spanish: Minioptero de Ryukyu Other common names: Japanese Long-fingered Bat , Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat , Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat , Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat Taxonomy. Miniopterus fuscus Bonhote, 1902 , “ Okinawa , Liu-Kiu Islands [= Ryukyu Islands],” Japan . Miniopterusfuscus has been related to M. medius . Monotypic. Distribution. Ryukyu Is (Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Okinawajima, Kumejima, Ishigakijima, and Iriomotejima). There is a record of one individual captured on Jeju I ( South Korea ) regarded as a vagrant as well as an old record from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now to be extinct there. Descriptive notes. Head-body 53 mm (+ 6-3 mm SD), tail 52:5-55 mm, ear 10-9 mm (x 0-20 mm SD), hindfoot 9: 4 mm (+ O-12 mm SD), forearm 42-46 mm. The Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat is similar to the Asian Long-fingered Bat (M. fuliginosus) in all aspects butslightly smaller. It is reddish brown to blackish brown (and dark sooty brown), with individual hairs unicolored along their entire lengths. Habitat. Woodlands from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1300 m . Food and Feeding. Diet of the Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat consists mainly of Lepidoptera , Diptera , and Hymenoptera that are captured in flight; last two orders seem to be positively selected. To a lesser extent, diets include species of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Neuroptera , and Psocodea. Breeding. Maternity colonies of Ryukyu Long-fingered Bats consist of several thousand females and are formed in June-August. Births mostly occur in June. Females can give birth in their first year of life, but most give birth for the first time in their second year. Mating season and reproductive patterns (e.g. delayed implantation, etc.) are unknown. Activity patterns. The Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat is thought to be nocturnal and it can be active in winter. It roost in caves and abandoned mines. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat has a known distribution of less than 5000 km ? which is severely fragmented. Only three breeding colonies are known, one on Okinawajima and two on Iriomotejima, and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat. Bibliography. Abe et al. (2005), Bonhote (1902), Fukui et al. (2009), Maeda (2008c), Ohdachi et al. (2009).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Miniopteridae	Miniopterus fuscus	Miniopterus		fuscus	Bonhote	1902	0	Novit. Zool.	0.8097	Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	 yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924.	Japan, Ryukyu Isls, Okinawa.	Ryukyu Isls (Japan).	Not listed.	Endangered	May include medius ; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus ; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Miniopterus fuscus	23	Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat	Japanese Long-fingered Bat|Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat|Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat|Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	MINIOPTERIDAE	NA	NA	Miniopterus	NA	fuscus	Bonhote	1902	0						"Okinawa, Liu-Kiu Islands [= Ryukyu Islands]," Japan.			fuscus Bonhote, 1902|yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924	moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae	Miller-Butterworth, C. M., Murphy, W. J., O'Brien, S. J., Jacobs, D. S., Springer, M. S., & Teeling, E. C. (2007). A family matter: conclusive resolution of the taxonomic position of the long-fingered bats, Miniopterus. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(7), 1553-1561.	Japan	Asia	Palearctic	EN	0	0	0	Miniopterus_fuscus	0	sciname match	Miniopterus_fuscus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	13564	Miniopterus fuscus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	MINIOPTERIDAE	Miniopterus	fuscus	Bonhote, 1902		200000000	Miniopterus fuscus	Endangered	B2ab(iii)	2021	2018-07-25 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is assessed as Endangered under criterion B2ab(iii) because its area of occupancy, based on the area of known roost sites, is less than 500 km². These critical roost sites are where the species occurs for 12 hours out of every day. Its range (and population) is severely fragmented as the roosts are on multiple islands separated by significant water gaps. In addition, there is a presumed continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat through the loss and degradation of forested foraging areas and disturbance at caves throughout its range.	This species roosts in caves and mines, with colonies numbering over several hundred bats. This species forages over forests and feeds mainly on Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera (Fukui et al. 2009). Female give birth single young in early June.	Roost disturbance from humans/tourists (e.g., some caves have electricity lined in for tourist activities), and the threat of development around caves represent the main threats. Above several caves roosted by this species on the Ishigaki island, a new airport has been constructed. Population monitoring in these caves is conducted every year before and after construction. However, population trend cannot be estimated because the number of roosted individuals has highly fluctuated so far (Kara Karst Scientific Committee 2014, New Ishigaki Airport Bat Monitoring Committee 2015).	There were many large maternity colonies in the past, but now many appear to have become small or extinct. On Okinawa Island, one maternity colony of 10,000 females is known. On Iriomote Island, a maternity colony with 1,000 newborn youngs is known (Ministry of the Environment 2014). There may be one breeding colony on Tokunoshima, but there is no information for Amami-Oshima. There is no known breeding colony on Ishigaki.	Decreasing	<p><span lang="EN-US">This species is endemic to Japan where it is known from Amami-Oshima, Tokuno-shima, Okinoerabu Island, Okinawa Island, Kume Island, Ishigaki, and Iriomote islands (Sano 2015). In 1933, the species was collected from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now appears to be extinct there (Maeda 1978, 1982).</p>		Terrestrial	No breeding colonies are known from protected areas. Near the new airport, an artificial cave has been constructed as an alternative roost, but only few individual roosted so far. It is listed as Endangered (EN) in the Japanese Red List (Ministry of the Environment 2014).	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Miniopteridae	Miniopterus		fuscus	Bonhote	1902	0	Novit. Zool.	0.809722	Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	 yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924.	Japan, Ryukyu Isls, Okinawa.	Ryukyu Isls (Japan).	Not listed.	Endangered	May include medius ; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus ; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.	Miniopterus fuscus	1005112	23	Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat	Japanese Long-fingered Bat|Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat|Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat|Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Miniopteridae	NA	NA	Miniopterus	NA	fuscus	Bonhote	1902	0						"Okinawa, Liu-Kiu Islands [= Ryukyu Islands]," Japan.			fuscus Bonhote, 1902|yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924	moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae	Miller-Butterworth, C. M., Murphy, W. J., O'Brien, S. J., Jacobs, D. S., Springer, M. S., & Teeling, E. C. (2007). A family matter: conclusive resolution of the taxonomic position of the long-fingered bats, Miniopterus. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(7), 1553-1561.				Japan	Asia	Palearctic	EN	0	0	0	Miniopterus_fuscus	0	sciname match	Miniopterus_fuscus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Miniopterus_fuscus	1005112	23	Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat	Japanese Long-fingered Bat|Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat|Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat|Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Miniopteridae	NA	NA	Miniopterus	NA	fuscus	Bonhote	0	Miniopterus fuscus	Bonhote, J.L.J. 1902. On some mammals obtained by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild, from Okinawa, Liu-Kiu Islands. Novitates Zoologicae 9:626-628.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3268590	BMNH:Mamm:1902.10.7.3	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/545c389c-c5b8-421f-a3ef-f9460eeeb02c	"Okinawa, Liu-Kiu Islands [= Ryukyu Islands]," Japan.			moved from Vespertilionidae to Miniopteridae	Miller-Butterworth, C. M., Murphy, W. J., O'Brien, S. J., Jacobs, D. S., Springer, M. S., & Teeling, E. C. (2007). A family matter: conclusive resolution of the taxonomic position of the long-fingered bats, Miniopterus. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(7), 1553-1561.				Japan	Asia	Palearctic	EN	0	0	0	Miniopterus_fuscus	0	sciname match	Miniopterus_fuscus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Miniopteridae	Miniopterus		fuscus	Bonhote	1902	0	Novit. Zool.	0.809722	Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat	yayeyamae Kuroda, 1924.	Japan, Ryukyu Isls, Okinawa.	Ryukyu Isls (Japan).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13564/209553784/' target='_blank'>Endangered</a>	May include medius; see Hill (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Does not include fraterculus; see Peterson et al. (1995). Reviewed by Yoshiyuki (1989). Corbet and Hill (1992) suggested that yayeyamae may merit recognition as a distinct subspecies.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Miniopterus fuscus; Miniopterus fuscus; Miniopterus fuscus; Miniopterus fuscus; Miniopterus fuscus; Miniopterus fuscus; yayeyamae; yayeyamae; fuscus; yayeyamae; Minioptére des Ryukyu; Ryukyu-Langfligelfledermaus; Minioptero de Ryukyu; Japanese Long-fingered Bat; Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat; Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat; Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat; Ryukyu Long-fingered Bat; Japanese Long-fingered Bat; Ryukyu Bent-winged Bat; Southeast Asian Bent-winged Bat; Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat; Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat; Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat; M. fuscus