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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L65	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	Pipistrellus cuprosus	Pipistrellus cuprosus	Pipistrellus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus cuprosus		[MSW2] Subgenus Arielulus.; [HMW] Pipistrellus cuprosus Francis & Hill, 1984 , *Sepilok, Sabah , 5°52’ N , 117°56’ E ,” Borneo, Malaysia . Previously considered a lowland form of A. circumdatus . In 2018, in a study by L.. I. Amador and colleagues, A. cuprosus clustered with Thainycteris aureocollaris (under Arielulus ) and Hesperoptenus tomes: in a clade related to Rhyneptesicus nasutus and Glauconycterts, further work is needed on the relationships of the three Arielulus species. Monotypic.; [IUCN] This species is often referred to in the genus Pipistrellus , under subgenus Arielulus .											circumdatus?			cuprosus	This species is often referred to in the genus Pipistrellus , under subgenus Arielulus .			cuprosus	cuprosus			cuprosus (J. Edwards Hill & C. M. Francis, 1984)						N/A					Distribution: Known only from Borneo.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		Borneo; ref. 4.14	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Hill and Francis	1984	Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 47:312.	Subgenus Arielulus.	Borneo.	Borneo, Sabah, Sepilok.		HILL & FRANCIS	1984	Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-37 mm). Inner upper incisor faintly bicuspid. Anterior upper premolar may be absent. Supraorbital ridges and median sulcus of rostrum poorly developed. Braincase greatly inflated, but with the basicranial pits poorly developed. Last upper molar slightly reduced. Anterior palatal emargination slightly reduced.	Distribution: Known only from Borneo.	No subspecies.		115	species	P. cuprosus	HILL & FRANCIS	1984	Arielulus	subgenus	Pipistrellus cuprosus				Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-37 mm). Inner upper incisor faintly bicuspid. Anterior upper premolar may be absent. Supraorbital ridges and median sulcus of rostrum poorly developed. Braincase greatly inflated, but with the basicranial pits poorly developed. Last upper molar slightly reduced. Anterior palatal emargination slightly reduced.	No subspecies.		42. P. cuprosus HILL & FRANCIS 1984.	42	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Eptesicini	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus		cuprosus	Hill and Francis	y	1984		Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool.	47		312		Coppery Sprite	Malaysia, Borneo, Sabah, Sepilok (05°52'N, 117°56'E).	Borneo.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.			4C3D87E8FFBE6A02FA879B4E19A7BFFD	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	827	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFBE6A02FA879B4E19A7BFFD.xml	Arielulus cuprosus	Vespertilionidae	Arielulus	cuprosus	Francis & Hill	1984	Farfadet de Bornéo @fr | Kupferfarbene Elfenfledermaus @de | Arielulus de Borneo @es | Coppery Pipistrelle @en	Pipistrellus cuprosus Francis & Hill, 1984 , *Sepilok, Sabah , 5°52’ N , 117°56’ E ,” Borneo, Malaysia . Previously considered a lowland form of A. circumdatus . In 2018, in a study by L.. I. Amador and colleagues, A. cuprosus clustered with Thainycteris aureocollaris (under Arielulus ) and Hesperoptenus tomes: in a clade related to Rhyneptesicus nasutus and Glauconycterts, further work is needed on the relationships of the three Arielulus species. Monotypic.	Known from a few localities in Borneo ( Sabah and Sarawak ), including Sepilok Forest Reserve, Batu Punggul, Mt Mulu, Similajau National Park, Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary, Mt Penrisen, Kubah National Park, and Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary. A record of Pipistrellus sp. from Kalimantan may also be this species.	Head-body 57 mm (one specimen), tail 35-42 mm, ear 11-12 mm, hindfoot 7-9 mm, forearm 34-5-37 mm; weight 5-3-6-5 g. The Coppery Sprite resembles the Social Sprite ( A. societatis ). It has distinctive long, thick fur dorsally, with black or blackish-brown hair bases, and reddish-orange or coppery tips; pelage over crown of head is similarly tipped, but slightly paler and more yellowish than on back; underparts are dark brown or brown, hairs tipped with yellowish white on upper chest near shoulders, elsewhere with grayish white. Flight membranes are black; fur extends on dorsal surface of uropatagium but forearms and tibiae are not haired. Ears and tragus are dark brown with buffy rims; ears are moderately large, with distinct lobe at base near eye. Baculum is very small, with short, slender shaft, tip slightly upcurved, shaft supported by paired basal flanges separated posteriorly by shallow, rounded emargination; baculum is like that of the Social Sprite, but smaller;it differs from that of the Bronze Sprite ( A. circumdatus ) in its higher, more angular upper margin and more angular basal lobes. Skull is small, with rounded, globular and inflated braincase; postorbital region is wide, supraorbital ridges are weakly developed. Dentition is like that in the Social Sprite, but smaller. P? is very tiny (sometimes lacking) and displaced inward so that C' and P* are touching. Condylo-basal lengths are 12-9-13 mm, maxillary tooth row lengths are 4-8—4-9 mm.	Lowland dipterocarp and montane forest. Found in understory oftall forest, along the edge of a steep cliff, and in a forest gap at high elevation.	No information.	No information.	The Coppery Sprite is nocturnal. It is probably a canopy species. Mistnetted over a river in Lanjak Entimau and Samunsam wildlife sanctuaries ( Sarawak ).	No information.	Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List, as its area of occupancy is estimated to be less than 2000 km ?2. Less than 20 individuals have been captured at only eight locations in Sabah and Sarawak . Extent and quality of its habitat seem to be in continuous decline.	Abdullah et al. (2010) | Amador et al. (2018) | Benda (2010a) | Boitani et al. (2006) | Corbet & Hill (1992) | Heller &Volleth (1989) | Hill & Francis (1984) | Hill & Harrison (1987) | Khan, Swier et al. (2008) | Khan, Tahir et al. (2017) | Kumaran et al. (2011) | McArthur (2016b) | Mohd-Azlan et al.(2008) | Payne et a/.(1985) | Simmons (2005) | Suyanto & Struebig (2007) | Tingga et al. (2008)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398073/files/figure.png	143. Coppery Sprite Arielulus cuprosus French: Farfadet de Bornéo / German: Kupferfarbene Elfenfledermaus / Spanish: Arielulus de Borneo Other common names: Coppery Pipistrelle Taxonomy. Pipistrellus cuprosus Francis & Hill, 1984 , *Sepilok, Sabah , 5°52’ N , 117°56’ E ,” Borneo, Malaysia . Previously considered a lowland form of A. circumdatus . In 2018, in a study by L.. I. Amador and colleagues, A. cuprosus clustered with Thainycteris aureocollaris (under Arielulus ) and Hesperoptenus tomes: in a clade related to Rhyneptesicus nasutus and Glauconycterts, further work is needed on the relationships of the three Arielulus species. Monotypic. Distribution. Known from a few localities in Borneo ( Sabah and Sarawak ), including Sepilok Forest Reserve, Batu Punggul, Mt Mulu, Similajau National Park, Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary, Mt Penrisen, Kubah National Park, and Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary. A record of Pipistrellus sp. from Kalimantan may also be this species. Descriptive notes. Head-body 57 mm (one specimen), tail 35-42 mm, ear 11-12 mm, hindfoot 7-9 mm, forearm 34-5-37 mm; weight 5-3-6-5 g. The Coppery Sprite resembles the Social Sprite ( A. societatis ). It has distinctive long, thick fur dorsally, with black or blackish-brown hair bases, and reddish-orange or coppery tips; pelage over crown of head is similarly tipped, but slightly paler and more yellowish than on back; underparts are dark brown or brown, hairs tipped with yellowish white on upper chest near shoulders, elsewhere with grayish white. Flight membranes are black; fur extends on dorsal surface of uropatagium but forearms and tibiae are not haired. Ears and tragus are dark brown with buffy rims; ears are moderately large, with distinct lobe at base near eye. Baculum is very small, with short, slender shaft, tip slightly upcurved, shaft supported by paired basal flanges separated posteriorly by shallow, rounded emargination; baculum is like that of the Social Sprite, but smaller;it differs from that of the Bronze Sprite ( A. circumdatus ) in its higher, more angular upper margin and more angular basal lobes. Skull is small, with rounded, globular and inflated braincase; postorbital region is wide, supraorbital ridges are weakly developed. Dentition is like that in the Social Sprite, but smaller. P? is very tiny (sometimes lacking) and displaced inward so that C' and P* are touching. Condylo-basal lengths are 12-9-13 mm, maxillary tooth row lengths are 4-8—4-9 mm. Habitat. Lowland dipterocarp and montane forest. Found in understory oftall forest, along the edge of a steep cliff, and in a forest gap at high elevation. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Coppery Sprite is nocturnal. It is probably a canopy species. Mistnetted over a river in Lanjak Entimau and Samunsam wildlife sanctuaries ( Sarawak ). Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List, as its area of occupancy is estimated to be less than 2000 km ?2. Less than 20 individuals have been captured at only eight locations in Sabah and Sarawak . Extent and quality of its habitat seem to be in continuous decline. Bibliography. Abdullah et al. (2010), Amador et al. (2018), Benda (2010a), Boitani et al. (2006), Corbet & Hill (1992), Heller &Volleth (1989), Hill & Francis (1984), Hill & Harrison (1987), Khan, Swier et al. (2008), Khan, Tahir et al. (2017), Kumaran et al. (2011), McArthur (2016b) Mohd-Azlan et al.(2008) Payne et a/.(1985), Simmons (2005), Suyanto & Struebig (2007), Tingga et al. (2008).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Arielulus cuprosus	Arielulus		cuprosus	Hill & Francis	1984	1	Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool.	52:12:00	Coppery Sprite	None.	Malaysia, Borneo, Sabah, Sepilok (05°52'N, 117°56'E).	Borneo.	Not listed.	Vulnerable		Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Arielulus cuprosus	23	Coppery Sprite	Coppery Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Arielulus	NA	cuprosus	J. Edwards Hill & Francis	1984	1	Pipistrellus_cuprosus	Hill, J. E. & Francis, C. M. (1984). New bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) and new records of bats from Borneo and Malaya. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology, 47, 312.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/19472#page/344/mode/1up	BM 1983.351		"Sepilok, Sabah, 5°52' N, 117°56' E," Borneo, Malaysia.	5.8667	117.93	cuprosus (J. Edwards Hill & Francis, 1984)	NA	NA	Malaysia|Indonesia?	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Arielulus_cuprosus	0	sciname match	Arielulus_cuprosus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	40775	Arielulus cuprosus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Arielulus	cuprosus	(Hill &; Francis, 1984)	This species is often referred to in the genus Pipistrellus , under subgenus Arielulus .	20000000	Arielulus cuprosus	Vulnerable	B2ab(iii)	2016	2014-12-10 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	<span lang="EN-MY">This bat is assessed as Vulnerable under criterion B2 as its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be less than 2,000 km<span lang="EN-MY">²,<span lang="EN-MY"> ;it is known from only eight locations, and there is an inferred continuing decline in the area, extent and quality of its habitat.</span>	This species is known from both lowland dipterocarp and montane forest. It has been trapped in the understorey of tall forest, along the edge of a steep cliff (Khan et al. 2008) and in a forest gap at high elevation (B. Lim 2013, unpub. data). The species is probably a canopy species, and so perhaps is under-collected.	<p><span lang="EN-MY">The species is only known from undisturbed forest, but outside of protected areas forest loss due to logging, agriculture, plantations and forest fires is a major threat.</p>	Less than 20 individuals have been captured at only eight locations in Sabah and Sarawak. Little is known about the population size of this species and it is likely to be rare.	Unknown	The species previously was known only from Sepilok Forest Reserve (05°52'N, 117°56'E) in Sabah in Malaysian Borneo at close to sea level. It has since been recorded at Batu Pangul, at 500 m asl, in Sabah (Benda 2010). Two individuals were captured at Mount Penrisen (857 m asl) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo in 2006. This represented the first record of the species occurring in Sarawak (Khan et al. 2008). It has subsequently been recorded at the same site in 2010 (Khan et al. 2010, unpublished data) and various other localities throughout Sarawak: Kubah National Park (Khan et al. 2008; Abdullah et al. 2010), Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary (Tingga et al. 2008), Mount Mulu at 1,784 m asl (B. Lim 2013, unpublished data), Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary (Khan et al. 2014, unpub. data) and Similajau National Park (Khan et al. 2008, Abdullah ;et al. ;2010, Jayaraj et al . 2011).		Terrestrial	<p>The species occurs in a number of protected areas: Sepilok Forest Reserve in Sabah; Gunung Mulu National Park, Kubah National Park, Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary, Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary and Similajau National Park in Sarawak. Further research is needed to determine the range, population status, ecology and threats to this species. There is need of urgent survey work using a variety of survey methods for this species. </p>	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Arielulus		cuprosus	Hill & Francis	1984	1	Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool.	52:12:00	Coppery Sprite	None.	Malaysia, Borneo, Sabah, Sepilok (05°52'N, 117°56'E).	Borneo.	Not listed.	Vulnerable		Arielulus cuprosus	1005509	23	Coppery Sprite	Coppery Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Arielulus	NA	cuprosus	J. Edwards Hill & Francis	1984	1	Pipistrellus_cuprosus	Hill, J. E. & Francis, C. M. (1984). New bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) and new records of bats from Borneo and Malaya. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology, 47, 312.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/19472#page/344/mode/1up	BM 1983.351		"Sepilok, Sabah, 5°52' N, 117°56' E," Borneo, Malaysia.	5.866667	117.9333	cuprosus (J. Edwards Hill & Francis, 1984)	NA	NA				Malaysia|Indonesia?	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Arielulus_cuprosus	0	sciname match	Arielulus_cuprosus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Arielulus_cuprosus	1005509	23	Coppery Sprite	Coppery Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Nycticeiini	Arielulus	NA	cuprosus	J. Edwards Hill & C. M. Francis	1	Pipistrellus cuprosus	Hill, J.E. and Francis, C.M. 1984. New bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) and new records of bats from Borneo and Malaya. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Zoology)47(5):305-329.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2281958	BMNH:Mamm:1983.351	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/c38b9a56-e4ac-4d4a-9694-a7b8b78bcfbe	"Sepilok, Sabah, 5°52' N, 117°56' E," Borneo, Malaysia.	5.866667	117.9333	NA	NA				Malaysia|Indonesia?	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Arielulus_cuprosus	0	sciname match	Arielulus_cuprosus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Arielulus		cuprosus	Hill & Francis	1984	1	Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool.	52:12:00	Coppery Sprite	None.	Malaysia, Borneo, Sabah, Sepilok (05°52'N, 117°56'E).	Borneo.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40775/22134373/' target='_blank'>Vulnerable</a>			Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Arielulus cuprosus; Arielulus cuprosus; Arielulus cuprosus; Arielulus cuprosus; Arielulus cuprosus; Arielulus cuprosus; circumdatus; cuprosus; Farfadet de Bornéo; Kupferfarbene Elfenfledermaus; Arielulus de Borneo; Coppery Pipistrelle; Coppery Sprite; Coppery Pipistrelle; Coppery Sprite; Coppery Sprite; Arielulus circumdatus; Arielulus cuprosus circumdatus; A. cuprosus