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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L621	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris minuta		[MSW2] Subgenus Micronycteris.; [MSW3] See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), and López-González (1998).; [HMW] Schizostoma minutum P. Gervais in Castelnau, 1856 , “Capella-Nova,” Minas Gerais , Brazil . In 1900, J. A. Allen described the species M. hypoleuca with type locality of Bonda, Santa Marta, Colombia . Later, in 1949, C. C. Sanborn suggested that M. hypoleuca could be recognized as a subspecies of M. minuta . In 1996, N. B. Simmons confirmed that M. minuta includes M. hypoleuca, after examining holotype of the latter. Meanwhile, in 1967, P. Pirlot described M. megalotis homezi , based on three specimens from the north-western region of Maracaibo, Venezuela . Simmons and R. S. Voss in 1998 elevated M. megalotis homezi to a full species. J. Ochoa and J]. Sanchez in 2005 showed that development of a cutaneous fossa behind interauricular band also exists in other species of Micronycteris such as M. minuta , M. microtis , and M. megalotis but with distinct degrees of development. As a consequence, M. homezi was considered a Junior synonym of M. minuta . Finally, C. A. Porter and collaborators in 2007, based on phylogenetic analysis, recognized four primary lineages within Micronycteris , proposing them as subgenera. The new subgenus Schizonycteris includes M. minuta , M. schmidtorum , and M. sanborni . In concordance with this work, L.. Siles and collaborators in 2013 suggested that M. minuta might have underestimated or cryptic diversity. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Subgenus Schizonycteris . See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), López-González (1998), Porter et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011), Siles and Baker (2020), and Morales-Martínez et al. (2021). Includes homezorum , see Ochoa and Sanchez (2007). Records from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica need to be reevaluated since they may represent tresamici (Siles and Baker, 2020). Previous records of minuta from W Ecuador actually represent simmonsae (Siles and Baker, 2020). Appears to contain numerous cryptic lineages; see Morales-Martínez et al. (2021); [MDD2022] includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species; [IUCN] This species may include homezi (Ochoa and Sanchez 2005).; [batnames2023] Subgenus Schizonycteris . See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), López-González (1998), Porter et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011), Siles and Baker (2020), and Morales-Martínez et al. (2021). Includes homezorum , see Ochoa and Sanchez (2007). Records from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica need to be reevaluated since they may represent tresamici (Siles and Baker, 2020). Previous records of minuta from W Ecuador actually represent simmonsae (Siles and Baker, 2020). Appears to contain numerous cryptic lineages; see Morales-Martínez et al. (2021); [MDD2023] includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species; [MDD2025_2.0] includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species; [batnames2025_1.7] Subgenus Schizonycteris. See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), López-González (1998), Porter et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011), Siles and Baker (2020), and Morales-Martínez et al. (2021). Includes homezorum, see Ochoa and Sanchez (2007). Records from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica need to be reevaluated since they may represent tresamici (Siles and Baker, 2020). Previous records of minuta from W Ecuador actually represent simmonsae (Siles and Baker, 2020). Appears to contain numerous cryptic lineages; see Morales-Martínez et al. (2021); [MDD2025_2.2] includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species									hypoleuca		hypoleuca, homezi?	minuta	minuta - homezorum, homezi	minuta, hypoleuca, homezi	This species may include homezi (Ochoa and Sanchez 2005).	minuta	minuta - homezi, hypoleuca	minuta, hypoleuca, homezi	minuta, hypoleuca, homezi	minuta 	minuta - homezorum	minuta (P. Gervais, 1855)|hypoleuca J. A. Allen, 1900|homezi Pirlot, 1967		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.		Nicaragua – E Peru, Brazil, Trinidad, Grenada	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Micronycteris minuta	Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova.	Gervais	1856	Exped. Castelnau Zool., p. 50.	Distribution: Ranging from Nicaragua to southern Brazil, but absent from South America west of the Andes.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Gervais' big-eared bat	Nicaragua – E Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Trinidad	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gervais	1856	In F. Comte de Castelnau, Exped. Partes Cen. Am. Sud., Zool. (Sec. 7), Vol. 1, pt. 2(Mammif6res):50.	Subgenus Micronycteris.	Nicaragua to S Brazil; Peru; Guianas; Trinidad; Bolivia.	Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova.		GERVAIS	1856	Interauricular band deeply notched medially. Uropatagium relatively narrow. Calcar shorter than foot. Middle lower premolar reduced. Anterior upper premolar shorter than posterior. Size relatively small (forearm length, 31-37 mm; condylobasal length, 15-17 mm).	Distribution: Ranging from Nicaragua to southern Brazil, but absent from South America west of the Andes.	No subspecies.		73	species	M. minuta	GERVAIS	1856	Micronycteris	subgenus	Micronycteris minuta				Interauricular band deeply notched medially. Uropatagium relatively narrow. Calcar shorter than foot. Middle lower premolar reduced. Anterior upper premolar shorter than posterior. Size relatively small (forearm length, 31-37 mm; condylobasal length, 15-17 mm).	No subspecies.		3. M. minuta (GERVAIS 1856).	3	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Phyllostomidae	Phyllostominae		Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris		minuta	Gervais	y	1856		In F. Comte de Castelnau, Exped. Partes Cen. Am. Sud., Zool. (Sec. 7)	Vol. 1	pt. 2 (Mammifères)	50		Tiny Big-eared Bat	Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova.	Honduras to S Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru; Guianas; Trinidad.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	hypoleuca J. A. Allen, 1900.	See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), and López-González (1998).	03A687BCFFB7FFB61692FE06FBC4F56C	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff9fffc4ffb1ffb1133cffbaffe0f244	490	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/A6/87/03A687BCFFB7FFB61692FE06FBC4F56C.xml	Micronycteris minuta	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris	minuta		1855	Micronyctere menu @fr | Zwerggro Rohrblattnase @de | Micronicteriomenudo @es | White-bellied Big-eared Bat @en	Schizostoma minutum P. Gervais in Castelnau, 1856 , “Capella-Nova,” Minas Gerais , Brazil . In 1900, J. A. Allen described the species M. hypoleuca with type locality of Bonda, Santa Marta, Colombia . Later, in 1949, C. C. Sanborn suggested that M. hypoleuca could be recognized as a subspecies of M. minuta . In 1996, N. B. Simmons confirmed that M. minuta includes M. hypoleuca, after examining holotype of the latter. Meanwhile, in 1967, P. Pirlot described M. megalotis homezi , based on three specimens from the north-western region of Maracaibo, Venezuela . Simmons and R. S. Voss in 1998 elevated M. megalotis homezi to a full species. J. Ochoa and J]. Sanchez in 2005 showed that development of a cutaneous fossa behind interauricular band also exists in other species of Micronycteris such as M. minuta , M. microtis , and M. megalotis but with distinct degrees of development. As a consequence, M. homezi was considered a Junior synonym of M. minuta . Finally, C. A. Porter and collaborators in 2007, based on phylogenetic analysis, recognized four primary lineages within Micronycteris , proposing them as subgenera. The new subgenus Schizonycteris includes M. minuta , M. schmidtorum , and M. sanborni . In concordance with this work, L.. Siles and collaborators in 2013 suggested that M. minuta might have underestimated or cryptic diversity. Monotypic.	Widely distributed in Central and South America, from extreme E Guatemala (Sierra del Caral) and Honduras to Colombia , Venezuela , the Guianas, Ecuador , E Peru , Brazil , and Bolivia ; also on Trinidad I.	Head-body ¢.42-58 mm, tail 7-15 mm, ear 17-24 mm, hindfoot 7-14 mm, forearm 31-3-40-5 mm; weight 5-8-5 g. The Tiny Big-eared Bat is one of the smaller species of Micronycteris . Greatest lengths of skulls are 17-3-21-9 mm. Dorsal pelage is pale brown to blackish brown, with pale white bases comprising one-half to two-thirds of hair length in most individuals. Hairs near shoulders are 4-8 mm long. Ventral fur is gray-brown or gray to almost white, although rarely true white as seen in Sanborn’s Big-eared Bat ( M. sanborni ). Pelage of the Tiny Big-eared Batis slightly buffy or hazel on sides, with pale white bases comprising one-fourth to one-half of hair length. Ventral fur clearly contrasts with dorsal fur. Hairs of underparts are 3-5 mm long. Some specimens from Brazil and Ecuador have variations of orange tones in ventral fur. There is a report of a completely albino female in a group offive individuals caught in San José, Costa Rica in 2004. Uropatagium and base oftail are naked. Wings are relatively short, and membranes are attached on ankles or extremity oftibias. Second phalanx of fourth digit is subequal to first phalanx. Tail slightly protrudes from upper section of uropatagium. Calcar is mostly shorter than foot, sometimes similar in length. Upperlip has a few white translucent hairs, in contrast to other members of the subgenus that lack them entirely. As other species of Micronycteris , ears are large and rounded, and they are connected across head by relatively high interauricular band with deep central notch that divides membrane into two notorious triangular skin lappets with naked swollen borders. Anterior surfaces of lappets have short and dense fur; posterior surfaces have distinguishable tufts of hairs. Hairs on medial border of pinna are short (less than 3 mm ) and dense. Male Tiny Big-eared Bats have cutaneous fossa behind interauricular band; this structure resembles a depression in the head, with an internal semicircular surface (4-5 mm diameter), formed by smooth, naked and translucent membranous surface and surrounded by thick cutaneous edge, sometimes with wrinkled appearance. Peripheral dense and stiff hairs are directed to center of fossa. Developmentof fossa apparently is related to age. In young males, stage one of development is characterized by cutaneousfossa with inconspicuous border with fringe of soft hairs; interauricular band shows modest development, with naked and moderately swollen lappets. Stage two of development is characterized by better-defined border of fossa, mostly naked, with fringe ofstiff, coarse, whitish, 4-5 mm long hairs. In stage three of development, fossa shows maximum depth and extension due to high growth of surrounding border, which also develops small wrinkles or folds on its anterior surface; hairs are also stiff, coarse, whitish, and 4-5 mm long. In this last stage, interauricular band is highly hypertrophied, with skin lappets c¢. 5 mm high and thick border that is a prolongation of interauricular band and whosetissue contains cartilaginous plaque and striated muscle fibers, suggesting capability of movement, control of fossa inner surface exposure, and regulation of sebaceous substances. Histological analysis of posterior fossa revealed that it has no sebaceous cells; interauricular band is responsible for production of glandular substances. Gradual hypertrophy of band would result from accumulation of sebaceous cells. Ochoa and Sanchez in 2005 suggested that these secretions were related to differential social interactions and male hierarchy. Skull is narrow and elongated; braincase is domed, with little or no development of sagittal crest. Mastoid breadth is greater than zygomatic breadth in most specimens. Dental formula of all species of Micronyeterisis 1.2/2, C 1/1, P 2/5. M 3/3 ( x2 ) = 34. Shape and presence of lobes in upperincisor of the Tiny Big-eared Bat are variable, although mostly bilobed; lower incisors are small and bilobed. To preserve phylogenetic information ofteeth,letter-number symbols are used; for example,in this genus, positional upperfirst premolaris noted as P?, given that original P' is considered a missing tooth during diversification of the group. P? is visibly shorter than the P*—about the same height in the Little Big-eared Bat ( M. megalotis ) and the Common Big-eared Bat ( M. microtis ); P, slightly larger and taller than P,; and P,is tiny, much smaller than P, and P,. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 28 and FN = 50 or 52.	Mostly evergreen, dry, and deciduous tropical forests from low to mid-elevations (less than 1600 m ) and more frequently below 900 m . The Tiny Big-eared Bat also occurs near streams and in swampy areas, cloud forests, orchards, pastures, clearings, croplands (banana groves), yards, lawns, and gardens in the vicinity of human settlings.	The Tiny Big-eared Bat is a gleaning insectivore. Its diet is composed of insects, predominantly Hemiptera , Coleoptera , and Lepidoptera . Analyses from stomach contents in Costa Rica and Panama detected vegetative material, so it has been suggested that fruits can be important food items.	In south-eastern Brazil , pregnant Tiny Big-eared Bats were caught in September and one lactating female in February. In Trinidad, one pregnant female, two lactating females, and two females nursing young were caught in May. There are also records of pregnant females in March, one containing a 17mm embryo, and a reproductively active male in July in Costa Rica . There are records from Suriname of a lactating female and a reproductive male in September.	The Tiny Big-eared Bat is nocturnal.	The Tiny Big-eared Bat has been found in large caves with Seba’s Short-tailed Bat ( Carollia perspicillata ), the Little Bigeyed Bat ( Chiroderma trinitatum ), the Woolly False Vampire Bat ( Chrotopterus auritus ), the Common Vampire Bat ( Desmodus rotundus ), the White-winged Vampire Bat ( Diaemus youngii ), Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat ( Glossophaga soricina ), Handley’s Nectar Bat ( Lonchophylla handleyi ), the Little Big-eared Bat ( Micronycteris megalotis ), the Greater Spear-nosed Bat ( Phyllostomus hastatus ), Parnell’s Common Mustached Bat ( Pteronotus parnellii), and Wagner’s Lesser Mustached Bat ( P. personatus ). It has been recorded in hollow trees roosting with Greater Sac-winged Bats ( Saccopteryx leptura ), Little Bigeared Bats, Heller's Broad-nosed Bats ( Platyrrhinus helleri ), and Seba’s Short-tailed Bats.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.	Allen (1900) | Andersen (1906a) | Ascorra, Wilson & Romo (1991) | Baker (1973) | Brosset & Charles-Dominique (1991) | Feijo, Rocha & Ferrari (2015) | Fleming et al. (1972) | Gamba-Rios (2010) | Gardner (1977b) | Gardner et al. (1970) | Genoways & Williams (1979) | Goodwin & Greenhall (1961) | Graham (1988) | Handley (1976) | Larsen et al. (2011) | Lopez-Gonzéalez (1988a) | Nogueira, Peracchi & Moratelli (2007) | Ochoa & Sanchez (2005) | Pérez-Consuegra et al. (2017) | Pirlot (1967) | Porter et al. (2007) | Rengifo et al. (2013) | Sanborn (1949a) | Siles et al. (2013) | Simmons (1996) | Simmons & Voss (1998) | Simmons et al. (2002) | Simoes (2012) | Teixeira & Peracchi (1996) | Whitaker & Findley (1980) | Williams & Genoways (1980a)	https://zenodo.org/record/6458608/files/figure.png	4. Tiny Big-eared Bat Micronycteris minuta French: Micronyctere menu / German: ZwerggroRohrblattnase / Spanish: Micronicterio menudo Other common names: White-bellied Big-eared Bat Taxonomy. Schizostoma minutum P. Gervais in Castelnau, 1856 , “Capella-Nova,” Minas Gerais , Brazil . In 1900, J. A. Allen described the species M. hypoleuca with type locality of Bonda, Santa Marta, Colombia . Later, in 1949, C. C. Sanborn suggested that M. hypoleuca could be recognized as a subspecies of M. minuta . In 1996, N. B. Simmons confirmed that M. minuta includes M. hypoleuca, after examining holotype of the latter. Meanwhile, in 1967, P. Pirlot described M. megalotis homezi , based on three specimens from the north-western region of Maracaibo, Venezuela . Simmons and R. S. Voss in 1998 elevated M. megalotis homezi to a full species. J. Ochoa and J]. Sanchez in 2005 showed that development of a cutaneous fossa behind interauricular band also exists in other species of Micronycteris such as M. minuta , M. microtis , and M. megalotis but with distinct degrees of development. As a consequence, M. homezi was considered a Junior synonym of M. minuta . Finally, C. A. Porter and collaborators in 2007, based on phylogenetic analysis, recognized four primary lineages within Micronycteris , proposing them as subgenera. The new subgenus Schizonycteris includes M. minuta , M. schmidtorum , and M. sanborni . In concordance with this work, L.. Siles and collaborators in 2013 suggested that M. minuta might have underestimated or cryptic diversity. Monotypic. Distribution. Widely distributed in Central and South America, from extreme E Guatemala (Sierra del Caral) and Honduras to Colombia , Venezuela , the Guianas, Ecuador , E Peru , Brazil , and Bolivia ; also on Trinidad I. Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢.42-58 mm, tail 7-15 mm, ear 17-24 mm, hindfoot 7-14 mm, forearm 31-3-40-5 mm; weight 5-8-5 g. The Tiny Big-eared Bat is one of the smaller species of Micronycteris . Greatest lengths of skulls are 17-3-21-9 mm. Dorsal pelage is pale brown to blackish brown, with pale white bases comprising one-half to two-thirds of hair length in most individuals. Hairs near shoulders are 4-8 mm long. Ventral fur is gray-brown or gray to almost white, although rarely true white as seen in Sanborn’s Big-eared Bat ( M. sanborni ). Pelage of the Tiny Big-eared Batis slightly buffy or hazel on sides, with pale white bases comprising one-fourth to one-half of hair length. Ventral fur clearly contrasts with dorsal fur. Hairs of underparts are 3-5 mm long. Some specimens from Brazil and Ecuador have variations of orange tones in ventral fur. There is a report of a completely albino female in a group offive individuals caught in San José, Costa Rica in 2004. Uropatagium and base oftail are naked. Wings are relatively short, and membranes are attached on ankles or extremity oftibias. Second phalanx of fourth digit is subequal to first phalanx. Tail slightly protrudes from upper section of uropatagium. Calcar is mostly shorter than foot, sometimes similar in length. Upperlip has a few white translucent hairs, in contrast to other members of the subgenus that lack them entirely. As other species of Micronycteris , ears are large and rounded, and they are connected across head by relatively high interauricular band with deep central notch that divides membrane into two notorious triangular skin lappets with naked swollen borders. Anterior surfaces of lappets have short and dense fur; posterior surfaces have distinguishable tufts of hairs. Hairs on medial border of pinna are short (less than 3 mm ) and dense. Male Tiny Big-eared Bats have cutaneous fossa behind interauricular band; this structure resembles a depression in the head, with an internal semicircular surface (4-5 mm diameter), formed by smooth, naked and translucent membranous surface and surrounded by thick cutaneous edge, sometimes with wrinkled appearance. Peripheral dense and stiff hairs are directed to center of fossa. Developmentof fossa apparently is related to age. In young males, stage one of development is characterized by cutaneousfossa with inconspicuous border with fringe of soft hairs; interauricular band shows modest development, with naked and moderately swollen lappets. Stage two of development is characterized by better-defined border of fossa, mostly naked, with fringe ofstiff, coarse, whitish, 4-5 mm long hairs. In stage three of development, fossa shows maximum depth and extension due to high growth of surrounding border, which also develops small wrinkles or folds on its anterior surface; hairs are also stiff, coarse, whitish, and 4-5 mm long. In this last stage, interauricular band is highly hypertrophied, with skin lappets c¢. 5 mm high and thick border that is a prolongation of interauricular band and whosetissue contains cartilaginous plaque and striated muscle fibers, suggesting capability of movement, control of fossa inner surface exposure, and regulation of sebaceous substances. Histological analysis of posterior fossa revealed that it has no sebaceous cells; interauricular band is responsible for production of glandular substances. Gradual hypertrophy of band would result from accumulation of sebaceous cells. Ochoa and Sanchez in 2005 suggested that these secretions were related to differential social interactions and male hierarchy. Skull is narrow and elongated; braincase is domed, with little or no development of sagittal crest. Mastoid breadth is greater than zygomatic breadth in most specimens. Dental formula of all species of Micronyeterisis 1.2/2, C 1/1, P 2/5. M 3/3 ( x2 ) = 34. Shape and presence of lobes in upperincisor of the Tiny Big-eared Bat are variable, although mostly bilobed; lower incisors are small and bilobed. To preserve phylogenetic information ofteeth,letter-number symbols are used; for example,in this genus, positional upperfirst premolaris noted as P?, given that original P' is considered a missing tooth during diversification of the group. P? is visibly shorter than the P*—about the same height in the Little Big-eared Bat ( M. megalotis ) and the Common Big-eared Bat ( M. microtis ); P, slightly larger and taller than P,; and P,is tiny, much smaller than P, and P,. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 28 and FN = 50 or 52. Habitat. Mostly evergreen, dry, and deciduous tropical forests from low to mid-elevations (less than 1600 m ) and more frequently below 900 m . The Tiny Big-eared Bat also occurs near streams and in swampy areas, cloud forests, orchards, pastures, clearings, croplands (banana groves), yards, lawns, and gardens in the vicinity of human settlings. Food and Feeding. The Tiny Big-eared Bat is a gleaning insectivore. Its diet is composed of insects, predominantly Hemiptera , Coleoptera , and Lepidoptera . Analyses from stomach contents in Costa Rica and Panama detected vegetative material, so it has been suggested that fruits can be important food items. Breeding. In south-eastern Brazil , pregnant Tiny Big-eared Bats were caught in September and one lactating female in February. In Trinidad, one pregnant female, two lactating females, and two females nursing young were caught in May. There are also records of pregnant females in March, one containing a 17mm embryo, and a reproductively active male in July in Costa Rica . There are records from Suriname of a lactating female and a reproductive male in September. Activity patterns. The Tiny Big-eared Bat is nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Tiny Big-eared Bat has been found in large caves with Seba’s Short-tailed Bat ( Carollia perspicillata ), the Little Bigeyed Bat ( Chiroderma trinitatum ), the Woolly False Vampire Bat ( Chrotopterus auritus ), the Common Vampire Bat ( Desmodus rotundus ), the White-winged Vampire Bat ( Diaemus youngii ), Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat ( Glossophaga soricina ), Handley’s Nectar Bat ( Lonchophylla handleyi ), the Little Big-eared Bat ( Micronycteris megalotis ), the Greater Spear-nosed Bat ( Phyllostomus hastatus ), Parnell’s Common Mustached Bat ( Pteronotus parnellii), and Wagner’s Lesser Mustached Bat ( P. personatus ). It has been recorded in hollow trees roosting with Greater Sac-winged Bats ( Saccopteryx leptura ), Little Bigeared Bats, Heller's Broad-nosed Bats ( Platyrrhinus helleri ), and Seba’s Short-tailed Bats. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Allen (1900), Andersen (1906a), Ascorra, Wilson & Romo (1991), Baker (1973), Brosset & Charles-Dominique (1991), Feijo, Rocha & Ferrari (2015), Fleming et al. (1972), Gamba-Rios (2010), Gardner (1977b), Gardner et al. (1970), Genoways & Williams (1979), Goodwin & Greenhall (1961), Graham (1988), Handley (1976), Larsen et al. (2011), Lopez-Gonzéalez (1988a), Nogueira, Peracchi & Moratelli (2007), Ochoa & Sanchez (2005), Pérez-Consuegra et al. (2017), Pirlot (1967), Porter et al. (2007), Rengifo et al. (2013), Sanborn (1949a), Siles et al. (2013), Simmons (1996), Simmons & Voss (1998), Simmons et al. (2002), Simoes (2012), Teixeira & Peracchi (1996), Whitaker & Findley (1980), Williams & Genoways (1980a).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris minuta	Micronycteris	Schizonycteris	minuta	Gervais	1856	1	In F. Comte de Castelnau, Exped. Partes Cen. Am. Sud., Zool. (Sec. 7)	Vol. 1, pt. 2 (Mammif&egrave;res): 50	Tiny Big-eared Bat	homezorum Pirlot, 1967 (corrected spelling of homezi; see Ochoa and Sanchez, 2005)	Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova	Pamana to southern Brazil (excluding W Ecuador); possibly Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica (see Comments)	Not listed.	Least Concern	Subgenus Schizonycteris . See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), López-González (1998), Porter et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011), Siles and Baker (2020), and Morales-Martínez et al. (2021). Includes homezorum , see Ochoa and Sanchez (2007). Records from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica need to be reevaluated since they may represent tresamici (Siles and Baker, 2020). Previous records of minuta from W Ecuador actually represent simmonsae (Siles and Baker, 2020). Appears to contain numerous cryptic lineages; see Morales-Martínez et al. (2021)	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Micronycteris minuta	23	Tiny Big-eared Bat	White-bellied Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	MICRONYCTERINAE	NA	Micronycteris	Schizonycteris	minuta	P. Gervais	1856	1						"Capella-Nova," Minas Gerais, Brazil.			minuta (P. Gervais, 1856)|hypoleuca J. A. Allen, 1900|homezi Pirlot, 1967	includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species	Ochoa, J. G., & Sánchez, J. H. (2005). Taxonomic status of Micronycteris homezi (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Mammalia, 69(3-4), 323-335.	Guatemala|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Trinidad & Tobago|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Brazil|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Micronycteris_minuta	0	sciname match	Micronycteris_minuta	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	13380	Micronycteris minuta	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	Micronycteris	minuta	(Gervais, 1856)	This species may include homezi (Ochoa and Sanchez 2005).	20000000	Micronycteris minuta	Least Concern		2015	2015-07-20 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern because, although it is apparently uncommon, this species is widely distributed and tolerant to some degree of habitat disturbance. It is unlikely to be declining at a rate which would qualify it for inclusion in any threatened category.	It is found in evergreen and deciduous lowland forest, however, it has been found in agricultural areas with scattered trees. It roosts singly or in small groups in hollow trees or caves, often with other species of bats (Goodwin and Greenhall 1961), and it is occasionally found in caves or mines. The diet includes insects (76%) and plant material (24%), like fruits (Fleming et al. 1972). Pregnant females have been recorded in March and April in Costa Rica (Reid 1997).	Deforestation occurs within its distribution, although this is not a major threat.	It is uncommon.	Unknown	This species occurs in northwestern Honduras to Bolivia and southern Brazil, and also in Trinidad. It occurs from the lowlands to 800 m asl (Reid 1997). It is broadly distributed over northern South America (Eisenberg 1989).	This species is not used.	Terrestrial	Retention of forest is the recommended conservation action. This species occurs in a number of protected areas.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris	Schizonycteris	minuta	Gervais	1856	1	In F. Comte de Castelnau, Exped. Partes Cen. Am. Sud., Zool. (Sec. 7)	Vol. 1, pt. 2 (Mammif&egrave;res): 50	Tiny Big-eared Bat	homezorum Pirlot, 1967 (corrected spelling of homezi; see Ochoa and Sanchez, 2005)	Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova	Pamana to southern Brazil (excluding W Ecuador); possibly Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica (see Comments)	Not listed.	Least Concern	Subgenus Schizonycteris . See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), López-González (1998), Porter et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011), Siles and Baker (2020), and Morales-Martínez et al. (2021). Includes homezorum , see Ochoa and Sanchez (2007). Records from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica need to be reevaluated since they may represent tresamici (Siles and Baker, 2020). Previous records of minuta from W Ecuador actually represent simmonsae (Siles and Baker, 2020). Appears to contain numerous cryptic lineages; see Morales-Martínez et al. (2021)	Micronycteris minuta	1004960	23	Tiny Big-eared Bat	White-bellied Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	Phyllostomidae	MICRONYCTERINAE	NA	Micronycteris	Schizonycteris	minuta	P. Gervais	1856	1						"Capella-Nova," Minas Gerais, Brazil.			minuta (P. Gervais, 1856)|hypoleuca J. A. Allen, 1900|homezi Pirlot, 1967	includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species	Ochoa, J. G., & Sánchez, J. H. (2005). Taxonomic status of Micronycteris homezi (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Mammalia, 69(3-4), 323-335.				Guatemala|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Trinidad & Tobago|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Brazil|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Micronycteris_minuta	0	sciname match	Micronycteris_minuta	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Micronycteris_minuta	1004960	23	Tiny Big-eared Bat	White-bellied Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Noctilionoidea	Phyllostomidae	Micronycterinae	NA	Micronycteris	Schizonycteris	minuta	P. Gervais	1	Schizostoma minutum	Gervais, P. 1855-07-23. Animaux nouveaux ou rares recueillis pendant l'expédition dans les parties centrales de l'Amérique du Sud, de Rio de Janeiro a Lima, et de Lima au Para; exécutée par ordre du gouvernement français pendant les années 1843 a 1847, sous la direction du comte Francis de Castelnau, Mammifères. P. Bertrand, Paris, 116 pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49076234	MNHN-ZM-AC-1903-13	holotype	http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/zm/ac-1903-13	"Capella-Nova," Minas Gerais, Brazil.			includes homezi, which has been considered a distinct species	Ochoa, J. G., & Sánchez, J. H. (2005). Taxonomic status of Micronycteris homezi (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Mammalia, 69(3-4), 323-335.				Guatemala|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Trinidad and Tobago|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Brazil|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Micronycteris_minuta	0	sciname match	Micronycteris_minuta	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris	Schizonycteris	minuta	Gervais	1856	1	In F. Comte de Castelnau, Exped. Partes Cen. Am. Sud., Zool. (Sec. 7)	Vol. 1, pt. 2 (Mammifères): 50	Tiny Big-eared Bat	homezorum Pirlot, 1967 (corrected spelling of homezi; see Ochoa and Sanchez, 2005)	Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova	Pamana to southern Brazil (excluding W Ecuador); possibly Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica (see Comments)	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13380/22125019/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Subgenus Schizonycteris. See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), López-González (1998), Porter et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011), Siles and Baker (2020), and Morales-Martínez et al. (2021). Includes homezorum, see Ochoa and Sanchez (2007). Records from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica need to be reevaluated since they may represent tresamici (Siles and Baker, 2020). Previous records of minuta from W Ecuador actually represent simmonsae (Siles and Baker, 2020). Appears to contain numerous cryptic lineages; see Morales-Martínez et al. (2021)		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Micronycteris minuta; Micronycteris minuta; Micronycteris minuta; Micronycteris minuta; Micronycteris minuta; Micronycteris minuta; hypoleuca; hypoleuca; homezi?; homezorum; homezi; minuta; hypoleuca; homezi; Micronyctere menu; Zwerggro Rohrblattnase; Micronicteriomenudo; White-bellied Big-eared Bat; Tiny Big-eared Bat; White-bellied Big-eared Bat; Tiny Big-eared Bat; Tiny Big-eared Bat; M. minuta