http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L617	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris hirsuta		[MSW2] Subgenus Xenoctenes.; [MSW3] Placed in subgenus Xenoctenes by Sanborn (1949), but see Simmons (1996).; [HMW] Schizostoma hirsutum Peters, 1869 , type locality not given. Restricted by G. G. Goodwin in 1946 to Pozo Azul, San José, Costa Rica . G. S. Miller in 1898 used M. hirsuta , the current name combination, for the first time and described Xenoctenes as a genus to included Airsutus as the only member (new name combination). C. C. Sanborn in 1949 downgraded Xenoctenes to a monotypic subgenus of Micronycteris , and then W. B. Davis in 1976 recommended that it be considered a synonym of Micronycteris . C. A. Porter and collaborators in 2007 validated four subgenera of Micronycteris , including Xenoctenes with Micronycteris (Xenoctenes) hirsuta , stating its validity again and Justifying subgenus status by its largersize, distinct dental characteristics, and unique karyotype variations within the genus. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Subgenus Xenoctenes (see Porter et al. 2007). Also see Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996).; [IUCN] Placed in subgenus Xenoctenes .; [batnames2023] Subgenus Xenoctenes (see Porter et al. 2007). Also see Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996).; [batnames2025_1.7] Subgenus Xenoctenes (see Porter et al. 2007). Also see Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996).														hirsuta	Placed in subgenus Xenoctenes .			hirsuta 	hirsuta 			hirsuta (W. C. H. Peters, 1869)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Hairy big-eared bat	Honduras – E Peru, Guyana, Trinidad	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Micronycteris hirsuta	Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul.	Peters	1869	Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 397.	Distribution: Same as for Subgenus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Hairy big-eared bat	Honduras – E Peru, Brazil, Trinidad	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Peters	1869	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869:397.	Subgenus Xenoctenes.	Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador.	Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul.		PETERS	1869	Size medium (forearm length, 39-46 mm; condylobasal length, 19-21 mm).	Distribution: Same as for Subgenus.	No subspecies.		73	species	M. hirsuta	PETERS	1869	Xenoctenes	subgenus	Micronycteris hirsuta				Size medium (forearm length, 39-46 mm; condylobasal length, 19-21 mm).	No subspecies.		6. M. hirsuta (PETERS 1869).	6	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Phyllostomidae	Phyllostominae		Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris		hirsuta	Peters	y	1869		Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1869		397		Hairy Big-eared Bat	Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul.	Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).		Placed in subgenus Xenoctenes by Sanborn (1949), but see Simmons (1996).	03A687BCFFB9FFB91391FBEFF886F5DF	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff9fffc4ffb1ffb1133cffbaffe0f244	492	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/A6/87/03A687BCFFB9FFB91391FBEFF886F5DF.xml	Micronycteris hirsuta	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris	hirsuta		1869	Grand Micronyctére @fr | Haarige Gro Rohrblattnase @de | Micronicteriode orejas peludas @es | Crested Big-eared Bat @en	Schizostoma hirsutum Peters, 1869 , type locality not given. Restricted by G. G. Goodwin in 1946 to Pozo Azul, San José, Costa Rica . G. S. Miller in 1898 used M. hirsuta , the current name combination, for the first time and described Xenoctenes as a genus to included Airsutus as the only member (new name combination). C. C. Sanborn in 1949 downgraded Xenoctenes to a monotypic subgenus of Micronycteris , and then W. B. Davis in 1976 recommended that it be considered a synonym of Micronycteris . C. A. Porter and collaborators in 2007 validated four subgenera of Micronycteris , including Xenoctenes with Micronycteris (Xenoctenes) hirsuta , stating its validity again and Justifying subgenus status by its largersize, distinct dental characteristics, and unique karyotype variations within the genus. Monotypic.	From E Honduras S through Central America to Colombia , Venezuela , the Guianas, Ecuador , E Peru , N Bolivia , W & N Brazil , and apparently disjunct population in SE Brazil ( Bahia , Espirito Santo , and Rio de Janeiro states); also on Trinidad I.	Head—body 54-75 mm, tail 11-20 mm, ear 21-33 mm, hindfoot 8-8 18 mm , forearm 41-48-6 mm; weight 10-3-18-4 g. The Hairy Big-eared Bat is the largest species of Micronycteris . Greatest lengths of skulls are 21-6-24-4 mm. Hairs on dorsum are bicolored, varying from grayish to brown with pale basal bands. Hairs on anterior back, shoulders, head, and sides of neck have one-fourth to one-half white to gray bases. Venter is lighter than dorsum and lightly frosted, with light gray to light brown basal band and cream tips. Fur over shoulders is 11-14 mm long. Forearm is conspicuously haired overits entire length. Males have crown of hairs in anterior part of interauricular band, with these hairs being 3—4 times longer than those on back; they are also thicker and lighter, with white basal band. The Hairy Big-eared Bat has long ears, with deeply marked posterior surface folds. In both sexes, ears are connected by transverse band that extends overhead and presents shallow notch orslit in center. Calcar is longer than foot. Tail is about one-third the length of uropatagium and is almost completely enclosed in it; uropatagium is attached very near ankles and does not exceed feet in length. Chin has an obliqueslit, flanked by two nearly hairless pads that converge toward bottom. Skull is robust, similar in shape to those of the Little Big-eared Bat ( M. megalotis ) and the Tiny Big-eared Bat ( M. minuta ) but much larger, and braincase is less elevated above rostrum. Sagittal crest is more pronounced than in other species of Micronycteris , mastoid width is less than zygomatic width. Occipital bone has pointed posterior end when viewed dorsally. Lower incisors are markedly hypsodont, with high crowns that are three times taller than wide, and I' are long and narrow. Sizes of lower premolars have a consistent pattern: P, is slightly smaller than P, and P,, and P, is larger than P,. Analyses have revealed distinct chromosomal complements among Hairy Big-eared Bats: 2n = 26 and FN = 30 in Ecuador ; 2n = 28 and FN = 32 in Trinidad and Tobago ; 2n = 30 and FN = 32 in Honduras , Nicaragua , and Suriname ; and 2n = 26 or 25 and FN = 32 in Brazil , with striking variation in diploid and fundamental numbers in Central America and South America. Chromosomal arrangements of Hairy Big-eared Bat seem to be highly derived relative to those of other species of phyllostomids. Some authors suggestthat these findings of varied cytotypes reinforce the hypothesis that it might not be a monotypic taxon; however, other authors believe that this pattern is explained by geographical variation and recolonization of species from Central America to South America afterits trans-cis Andean separation.	Mostly forested habitats, including well-drained primary forests, swampy primary forests, secondary forests, evergreen and deciduous pre-montane forests, cloud forests, and riparian forests and savannas, generally at elevations below ¢. 1500 m . Hairy Big-eared Bats also are common in forest fragments, cleared areas, and orchards, and near human dwellings where they roost in abandoned buildings.	The Hairy Big-eared Bat is mainly a gleaning insectivore, butit also eats fruit, especially in dry season. Most food items are insects, particularly large night-flying insects that are taken back to roosting sites to be eaten. Most remains found at roosts are from katydids ( Orthoptera ), beetles ( Coleoptera ), cockroaches ( Blattodea ), dragonflies (Odonata), cicadas ( Hemiptera ), moths and caterpillars ( Lepidoptera ), and winged ants ( Hymenoptera ). Tettigoniidae is the most common family of katydids in diets. Observations suggest that Hairy Big-eared Bats use various strategies to catch prey. Most insect prey, except dragonflies, are nocturnal and, although capable orflight, spend a great deal of time moving on surfaces of vegetation, suggesting Hairy Big-eared Bats glean prey from substrates. They also eavesdrop on incidental insect sounds, use echolocation to locate silent and motionless prey on vegetation, and catch prey in flight. Studies showed that the greatest capture of insects occurs on well-lit nights, suggesting they could also be guided by vision, smell, or hearing. These gathering skills also are probably used to take fruits from plants. The Hairy Big-eared Bat uses its molars to crush and chew insects it catches, and it modulatesits performance by changing its biting behavior to maximize bite force when feeding. Most remains offruit found in roosts consist of seeds or dried parts of pulpy fruit. Some families reportedly eaten are Cyclanthaceae , Piperaceae , Lauraceae , Anacardiaceae , Hypericaceae , Passifloraceae , and Myrtaceae . Leaves found in litter might also be ingested accidentally with insects carried back to roosts.	Reproduction of the Hairy Big-eared Bats is unimodal in Central America, but bimodal patterns can be common, especially in South America. There is a single peak in pregnancy during middle to late dry season, followed by peak in lactation for the unimodal pattern, or a second peak in pregnancy for bimodal pattern during wet season. Males are reproductively active for several months before peak pregnancy at end of dry season and end of wet season.	The Hairy Big-eared Batis nocturnal. In Brazil , activity records are mainly between 30 minutes and 3-5 hours after sunset. There is also a record from Bolivia at 07:40 h. Hairy Big-eared Bats commonly roost in damp hollows near the ground, hollow trees, cavities under roots, fallen logs, and culverts; under bridges; and inside abandoned buildings.	Hairy Big-eared Bats commonly roost in small groups of no more than five individuals composed of adults and subadults of both sexes.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Lack of information about naturalhistory of the Hairy Big-eared Batis because ofits rarity and small group size, and it is not commonly captured in mist nets.	Andersen (1906a) | Azurduy & Emmons (2005) | Baker et al. (1973) | Carter & Dolan (1978) | Davis (1976a) | Durant et al. (2013) | Esbérard (2004) | Fleming et al. (1972) | Genoways & Williams (1984) | Goodwin (1946) | Graham (1988) | Hershkovitz (1949) | ter Hofstede et al. (2017) | Miller (1898a, 1907) | Morales-Martinez (2017) | Nogueira, Peracchi & Moratelli (2007) | Peters (1869c) | Porter et al. (2007) | Ribas et al. (2013) | Sanborn (1932a, 1949a) | Santana & Dumont (2009) | Simmons (1996) | Simmons & Voss (1998) | Simoes (2012) | Swing & Guerra (2012) | Whitaker & Findley (1980)	https://zenodo.org/record/6458616/files/figure.png	8. Hairy Big-eared Bat Micronycteris hirsuta French: Grand Micronyctére / German: Haarige GroRohrblattnase / Spanish: Micronicterio de orejas peludas Other common names: Crested Big-eared Bat Taxonomy. Schizostoma hirsutum Peters, 1869 , type locality not given. Restricted by G. G. Goodwin in 1946 to Pozo Azul, San José, Costa Rica . G. S. Miller in 1898 used M. hirsuta , the current name combination, for the first time and described Xenoctenes as a genus to included Airsutus as the only member (new name combination). C. C. Sanborn in 1949 downgraded Xenoctenes to a monotypic subgenus of Micronycteris , and then W. B. Davis in 1976 recommended that it be considered a synonym of Micronycteris . C. A. Porter and collaborators in 2007 validated four subgenera of Micronycteris , including Xenoctenes with Micronycteris (Xenoctenes) hirsuta , stating its validity again and Justifying subgenus status by its largersize, distinct dental characteristics, and unique karyotype variations within the genus. Monotypic. Distribution. From E Honduras S through Central America to Colombia , Venezuela , the Guianas, Ecuador , E Peru , N Bolivia , W & N Brazil , and apparently disjunct population in SE Brazil ( Bahia , Espirito Santo , and Rio de Janeiro states); also on Trinidad I. Descriptive notes. Head—body 54-75 mm, tail 11-20 mm, ear 21-33 mm, hindfoot 8-8 18 mm , forearm 41-48-6 mm; weight 10-3-18-4 g. The Hairy Big-eared Bat is the largest species of Micronycteris . Greatest lengths of skulls are 21-6-24-4 mm. Hairs on dorsum are bicolored, varying from grayish to brown with pale basal bands. Hairs on anterior back, shoulders, head, and sides of neck have one-fourth to one-half white to gray bases. Venter is lighter than dorsum and lightly frosted, with light gray to light brown basal band and cream tips. Fur over shoulders is 11-14 mm long. Forearm is conspicuously haired overits entire length. Males have crown of hairs in anterior part of interauricular band, with these hairs being 3—4 times longer than those on back; they are also thicker and lighter, with white basal band. The Hairy Big-eared Bat has long ears, with deeply marked posterior surface folds. In both sexes, ears are connected by transverse band that extends overhead and presents shallow notch orslit in center. Calcar is longer than foot. Tail is about one-third the length of uropatagium and is almost completely enclosed in it; uropatagium is attached very near ankles and does not exceed feet in length. Chin has an obliqueslit, flanked by two nearly hairless pads that converge toward bottom. Skull is robust, similar in shape to those of the Little Big-eared Bat ( M. megalotis ) and the Tiny Big-eared Bat ( M. minuta ) but much larger, and braincase is less elevated above rostrum. Sagittal crest is more pronounced than in other species of Micronycteris , mastoid width is less than zygomatic width. Occipital bone has pointed posterior end when viewed dorsally. Lower incisors are markedly hypsodont, with high crowns that are three times taller than wide, and I' are long and narrow. Sizes of lower premolars have a consistent pattern: P, is slightly smaller than P, and P,, and P, is larger than P,. Analyses have revealed distinct chromosomal complements among Hairy Big-eared Bats: 2n = 26 and FN = 30 in Ecuador ; 2n = 28 and FN = 32 in Trinidad and Tobago ; 2n = 30 and FN = 32 in Honduras , Nicaragua , and Suriname ; and 2n = 26 or 25 and FN = 32 in Brazil , with striking variation in diploid and fundamental numbers in Central America and South America. Chromosomal arrangements of Hairy Big-eared Bat seem to be highly derived relative to those of other species of phyllostomids. Some authors suggestthat these findings of varied cytotypes reinforce the hypothesis that it might not be a monotypic taxon; however, other authors believe that this pattern is explained by geographical variation and recolonization of species from Central America to South America afterits trans-cis Andean separation. Habitat. Mostly forested habitats, including well-drained primary forests, swampy primary forests, secondary forests, evergreen and deciduous pre-montane forests, cloud forests, and riparian forests and savannas, generally at elevations below ¢. 1500 m . Hairy Big-eared Bats also are common in forest fragments, cleared areas, and orchards, and near human dwellings where they roost in abandoned buildings. Food and Feeding. The Hairy Big-eared Bat is mainly a gleaning insectivore, butit also eats fruit, especially in dry season. Most food items are insects, particularly large night-flying insects that are taken back to roosting sites to be eaten. Most remains found at roosts are from katydids ( Orthoptera ), beetles ( Coleoptera ), cockroaches ( Blattodea ), dragonflies (Odonata), cicadas ( Hemiptera ), moths and caterpillars ( Lepidoptera ), and winged ants ( Hymenoptera ). Tettigoniidae is the most common family of katydids in diets. Observations suggest that Hairy Big-eared Bats use various strategies to catch prey. Most insect prey, except dragonflies, are nocturnal and, although capable orflight, spend a great deal of time moving on surfaces of vegetation, suggesting Hairy Big-eared Bats glean prey from substrates. They also eavesdrop on incidental insect sounds, use echolocation to locate silent and motionless prey on vegetation, and catch prey in flight. Studies showed that the greatest capture of insects occurs on well-lit nights, suggesting they could also be guided by vision, smell, or hearing. These gathering skills also are probably used to take fruits from plants. The Hairy Big-eared Bat uses its molars to crush and chew insects it catches, and it modulatesits performance by changing its biting behavior to maximize bite force when feeding. Most remains offruit found in roosts consist of seeds or dried parts of pulpy fruit. Some families reportedly eaten are Cyclanthaceae , Piperaceae , Lauraceae , Anacardiaceae , Hypericaceae , Passifloraceae , and Myrtaceae . Leaves found in litter might also be ingested accidentally with insects carried back to roosts. Breeding. Reproduction of the Hairy Big-eared Bats is unimodal in Central America, but bimodal patterns can be common, especially in South America. There is a single peak in pregnancy during middle to late dry season, followed by peak in lactation for the unimodal pattern, or a second peak in pregnancy for bimodal pattern during wet season. Males are reproductively active for several months before peak pregnancy at end of dry season and end of wet season. Activity patterns. The Hairy Big-eared Batis nocturnal. In Brazil , activity records are mainly between 30 minutes and 3-5 hours after sunset. There is also a record from Bolivia at 07:40 h. Hairy Big-eared Bats commonly roost in damp hollows near the ground, hollow trees, cavities under roots, fallen logs, and culverts; under bridges; and inside abandoned buildings. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Hairy Big-eared Bats commonly roost in small groups of no more than five individuals composed of adults and subadults of both sexes. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Lack of information about naturalhistory of the Hairy Big-eared Batis because ofits rarity and small group size, and it is not commonly captured in mist nets. Bibliography. Andersen (1906a), Azurduy & Emmons (2005), Baker et al. (1973), Carter & Dolan (1978), Davis (1976a), Durant et al. (2013), Esbérard (2004), Fleming et al. (1972), Genoways & Williams (1984), Goodwin (1946), Graham (1988), Hershkovitz (1949), ter Hofstede et al. (2017), Miller (1898a, 1907), Morales-Martinez (2017), Nogueira, Peracchi & Moratelli (2007), Peters (1869c), Porter et al. (2007), Ribas et al. (2013), Sanborn (1932a, 1949a), Santana & Dumont (2009), Simmons (1996), Simmons & Voss (1998), Simoes (2012), Swing & Guerra (2012), Whitaker & Findley (1980).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris hirsuta	Micronycteris	Xenoctenes	hirsuta	Peters	1869	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1875:37:00	Hairy Big-eared Bat	None.	Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul	Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil through Piaui State, Peru, and Ecuador.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Subgenus Xenoctenes (see Porter et al. 2007). Also see Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Micronycteris hirsuta	23	Hairy Big-eared Bat	Crested Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	MICRONYCTERINAE	NA	Micronycteris	Xenoctenes	hirsuta	W. Peters	1869	1	Schizostoma_hirsutum	Peters, W. C. H. (1869). Bemerkungen über neue oder weniger bekannte Flederthiere, besonders des Pariser Museums. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1869, 396.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/111869#page/430/mode/1up	MNHN 1997-1905		type locality not given. Restricted by G. G. Goodwin in 1946 to Pozo Azul, San José, Costa Rica.			hirsuta (W. Peters, 1869)	NA	NA	Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Trinidad & Tobago|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Ecuador|Peru|Brazil|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Micronycteris_hirsuta	0	sciname match	Micronycteris_hirsuta	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	13378	Micronycteris hirsuta	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	Micronycteris	hirsuta	(Peters, 1869)	Placed in subgenus Xenoctenes .	20000000	Micronycteris hirsuta	Least Concern		2016	2016-08-09 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern because it is widely distributed, it occurs at a number of protected areas, and it is unlikely to be declining at a rate which qualifies it for inclusion in any threat category.	The species is associated with primary forest, but also has been collected in ;cleared areas around dwellings (Handley 1976). ;Its activity is concentrated near streams or moist areas (Eisenberg 1989). It roosts in hollow trees, buildings, and under bridges (Williams and Genoways, 2008), it feeds on insects, mainly katydids, cockroaches, June beetles, and Lepidoptera larvae, which are gleaned from vegetation. Wilson (1971) found M. hirsuta to be primarily insectivorous, and suggested its diet fluctuated with the seasons and availability of fruit. This bat is attracted to katydid calls and is much more likely to be caught in mist nets baited nets (where it is seldom captured).	Like other forest-dependent species, this one could be affected by deforestation, although this is not considered as a major threat.	The species is apparently rare (Reid 2009), and with a scattered distribution. Locally common in Costa Rica and Nicaragua (Rodriguez-Herrera, Pineda and Medina pers. comm.).	Unknown	This species ranges from eastern Honduras south through Central America to Amazonian Peru and Brazil (Simmons 2005), also along the Atlantic coast to Espirito Santo, Brazil (Peracchi and Albuquerque 1985), also Trinidad. It prefers lower elevations, below 1,500 m (Reid 2009).		Terrestrial	The species occurs in a number of protected areas throughout its range. However, it is critical to monitor habitat loss at its geographic range.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris	Xenoctenes	hirsuta	Peters	1869	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1875:37:00	Hairy Big-eared Bat	None.	Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul	Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil through Piaui State, Peru, and Ecuador.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Subgenus Xenoctenes (see Porter et al. 2007). Also see Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996).	Micronycteris hirsuta	1004956	23	Hairy Big-eared Bat	Crested Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	Phyllostomidae	MICRONYCTERINAE	NA	Micronycteris	Xenoctenes	hirsuta	W. Peters	1869	1	Schizostoma_hirsutum	Peters, W. C. H. (1869). Bemerkungen über neue oder weniger bekannte Flederthiere, besonders des Pariser Museums. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1869, 396.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/111869#page/430/mode/1up	MNHN 1997-1905		type locality not given. Restricted by G. G. Goodwin in 1946 to Pozo Azul, San José, Costa Rica.			hirsuta (W. Peters, 1869)	NA	NA				Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Trinidad & Tobago|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Ecuador|Peru|Brazil|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Micronycteris_hirsuta	0	sciname match	Micronycteris_hirsuta	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Micronycteris_hirsuta	1004956	23	Hairy Big-eared Bat	Crested Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Noctilionoidea	Phyllostomidae	Micronycterinae	NA	Micronycteris	Xenoctenes	hirsuta	W. C. H. Peters	1	Schizostoma hirsutum	Peters, W.C.H. 1869. Bemerkungen über neue oder weniger bekannte Flederthiere, besonders des Pariser Museums. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1869:393-408.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36276609	MNHN-ZM-MO-1997-1905	holotype	http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/zm/mo-1997-1905	type locality not given. Restricted by G. G. Goodwin in 1946 to Pozo Azul, San José, Costa Rica.			NA	NA				Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Trinidad and Tobago|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Ecuador|Peru|Brazil|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Micronycteris_hirsuta	0	sciname match	Micronycteris_hirsuta	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Phyllostomidae	Micronycteris	Xenoctenes	hirsuta	Peters	1869	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1875:37:00	Hairy Big-eared Bat	None.	Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul	Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil through Piaui State, Peru, and Ecuador.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13378/22124582/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Subgenus Xenoctenes (see Porter et al. 2007). Also see Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Micronycteris hirsuta; Micronycteris hirsuta; Micronycteris hirsuta; Micronycteris hirsuta; Micronycteris hirsuta; Micronycteris hirsuta; hirsuta; Grand Micronyctére; Haarige Gro Rohrblattnase; Micronicteriode orejas peludas; Crested Big-eared Bat; Hairy Big-eared Bat; Crested Big-eared Bat; Hairy Big-eared Bat; Hairy Big-eared Bat; M. hirsuta