http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L58	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	Anoura geoffroyi [synonym of]	Anoura geoffroyi peruana	Anoura cultrata peruana	Anoura peruana	Anoura geoffroyi	Anoura peruana	Anoura peruana	Anoura peruana	Anoura peruana	Anoura peruana	Anoura peruana	Anoura peruana		[HMW] Glossophaga (Choeronycteris) peruana Tschudi, 1844 , “Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000’ [= 1524 m ] i. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera,” Junin , Peru . Anoura peruana wassplit from A. geoffroyi based on morphological analyses. It includes A. apolinari and A. geoffroyi antricola as junior synonyms. Monotypic.; [MDD2022] split from A. geoffroyi; [IUCN] Based on the morphological distinction observed between A. g. peruana and A. g. geoffroyi , as well as the ecological differentiation of the areas inhabited by these two taxa, Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010) elevated A. peruana to specific level.; [batnames2023] Distinct from geoffroyi; see Molinari et al. (2023). Considered a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi by Thomas (1893), Sanborn (1933), and numerous others until recognized as a distinct species by Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Subsequent analyses by Calderón-Acevedo (2019) and Calderón-Acevedo et al. (2021, 2022) suggested that peruana was, in fact, a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi. Molinari et al. (2023) provide a detailed review of the results of Calderón-Acevedo et al. (2022), and we follow their recommendation, along with the work of Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010), in recognizing peruna here. Includes lasiopyga, previously considered a subspecies of geoffroyi, as a valid subspecies; see Molinari et al. (2023). Includes apolinari; see Sanborn (1933) and Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Includes antricola; see Sanborn (1933). See also Vargas-Arboleda et al. (2020). The type of peruana may be lost; see Carter and Dolan (1978) and Turni and Kock (2008). For information on the type of lasiopyga see Arroyo-Cabrales and Gardner (2003). Although no type locality more specific than Peru was given with the original description, a later publication (Tschudi, 1845: 85) gives the locality as "Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' ü. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera", or Junín, Peru (Griffiths and Gardner, 2008).; [MDD2023] split from A. geoffroyi, although some authors have recently retained the species under A. geoffroyi; the species is retained here following the most recent publication; [MDD2025_2.0] split from A. geoffroyi, although some authors have recently retained the species under A. geoffroyi; the species is retained here following the most recent publication; [batnames2025_1.7] Distinct from geoffroyi; see Molinari et al. (2023). Considered a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi by Thomas (1893), Sanborn (1933), and numerous others until recognized as a distinct species by Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Subsequent analyses by CalderÃ³n-Acevedo (2019) and CalderÃ³n-Acevedo et al. (2021, 2022) suggested that peruana was, in fact, a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi. Molinari et al. (2023) provide a detailed review of the results of CalderÃ³n-Acevedo et al. (2022), and we follow their recommendation, along with the work of Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010), in recognizing peruna here. Includes lasiopyga, previously considered a subspecies of geoffroyi, as a valid subspecies; see Molinari et al. (2023). Includes apolinari; see Sanborn (1933) and Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Includes antricola; see Sanborn (1933). See also Vargas-Arboleda et al. (2020). The type of peruana may be lost; see Carter and Dolan (1978) and Turni and Kock (2008). For information on the type of lasiopyga see Arroyo-Cabrales and Gardner (2003). Although no type locality more specific than Peru was given with the original description, a later publication (Tschudi, 1845: 85) gives the locality as "Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' Ã¼. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera", or JunÃ­n, Peru (Griffiths and Gardner, 2008).; [MDD2025_2.2] split from A. geoffroyi, although some authors have recently retained the species under A. geoffroyi; the species is retained here following the most recent publication											apolinari, geoffroyi antricola			Rhinchonycteris peruana, peruana, apolinari, antricola	Based on the morphological distinction observed between A. g. peruana and A. g. geoffroyi , as well as the ecological differentiation of the areas inhabited by these two taxa, Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010) elevated A. peruana to specific level.	lasiopyga, apolinari 	lasiopyga - peruana, antricola   		peruana, lasiopyga, apolinari, antricola	lasiopyga, peruana	peruna - apolinari, antricola	peruana (von Tschudi, 1844)|peruana (von Tschudi, 1844) [nomen nudum]|lasiopyga (W. C. H. Peters, 1868)|apolinari (J. A. Allen, 1916)|antricola H. E. Anthony, 1921						N/A																																								_A. p. lasiopyga_ (Peters, 1868); _A. p. peruana_ (Tschudi, 1844) (synonyms: _antricola_ Anthony, 1921, _apolinari_ (Allen, 1916))																											03A687BCFF94FF97164EF411FCC7FB49	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff9fffc4ffb1ffb1133cffbaffe0f244	521	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/A6/87/03A687BCFF94FF97164EF411FCC7FB49.xml	Anoura peruana	Phyllostomidae	Anoura	peruana		1844	Anoura du Pérou @fr | Tschudi-Langnasenfledermaus @de | Anoura de Peru @es	Glossophaga (Choeronycteris) peruana Tschudi, 1844 , “Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000’ [= 1524 m ] i. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera,” Junin , Peru . Anoura peruana wassplit from A. geoffroyi based on morphological analyses. It includes A. apolinari and A. geoffroyi antricola as junior synonyms. Monotypic.	Through Andean zone of W Colombia , W & E Ecuador , W & E Peru , and W & C Bolivia .	Head-body 59-81 mm (tailless), ear 12-16 mm, hindfoot 8-13 mm, forearm 43-49 mm; weight 13-18 g. Females are larger than males. Tschudi’s Tailless Bat is a large species of Anoura . Dorsal fur is dark brown or blackish brown to pale grayish brown; venter is paler than dorsum; and fur is short, with bicolored hairs having pale whitish to grayish bases. Head is long and slender; noseleafis triangular; ears are small, rounded, and somewhattriangular; lowerlip is longer than upperlip; snout has short and medium-sized whiskers, prominent on some individuals; and tongue is long, often slightly protruding from mouth. Wing membranes are black or blackish brown; caudal membrane is very narrow, nearly imperceptible; calcaris short,less than one-half the length of foot; and tail is absent. Dense fringe of hairs occurs along free edge of uropatagium. Legs and feet are furred. Upperincisors are very small, occur in pairs and are separated by distinct central gap; P, similar to P, in size and shape.	Mainly subtropical, cloudy, and temperate forests on both slopes of the Andes, tropical forests west of the Andes, and high Andean forests at elevations of 10-3800 m (most commonly above 1000 m ). Tschudi’s Tailless Bat prefers humid areas but can be found in some dry and semi-humid forests. Specific habitats include primary, secondary, disturbed, and gallery forests; forest edges; gardens; orchards; cultivated areas (e.g. banana plantations); pastures; and open areas, sometimesfar from native forests: it is apparently most common near rivers.	Tschudi’s Tailless Bat feeds on nectar and pollen, mainly from plants that bloom at night such as certain species of cactus ( Cactaceae ). Fruit pulp has been reported in stomachs of Ecuadorian specimens. It can be highly insectivorous at certain times of the year. It eats pollen of Bombacopsis squamigera ( Malvaceae ); Pitcairnia brongniartiana ( Bromeliaceae ); Burmeistera sodiroana and B. truncata (both Campanulaceae ); Clusia sp. ( Clusiaceae ) and Marcgravia coriacea (Macgraviaceae); Markea sp. ( Solanaceae ); Meriania pichinchensis ( Melastomataceae ); and Passiflora spp. ( Passifloraceae ).	In Ecuador , female Tschudi’s Tailless Bats with single fetuses were captured in August-September and several scrotal males in September. In Peru , pregnant females were captured in May-August. In Bolivia , two females, each with one embryo, were caught in June.	Tschudi’s Tailless Bat is nocturnal. Nightly activity starts c.1 hour after sunset.	Tschudi’s Tailless Bat often forms colonies of several tens up to hundreds of individuals. It roosts in hollow trees, caves, and tunnels and appears to be common only where there are caves or rock crevices and rare or perhaps absent where there are no such shelters. In Ecuador , colonies of 300-500 individuals have been reported in caves; in Peru , colonies of 20-75 individuals grouped into several small clusters were reported. Occasionally, it has been reported roosting alone. Sexes can be segregated or mixed, depending on season. In Ecuador , it has been found in large caves with Peters’s Ghost-faced Bats ( Mormoops megalophylla) and Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis ).	Not assessed on The IUCN Red List. Based on abundance data from field observations, conservation status Tschudi’s Tailless Bat could be considered stable. It is fairly common in altered habitats and inter-Andean valleys and rare in pristine lowland areas.	Albuja (1999) | Anderson (1997) | Gardner (1977b) | Graham (1987) | Griffiths & Gardner (2008a) | Handley (1976) | Lee et al. (2008) | Mantilla-Meluk & Baker (2010) | Ortega & Alarcén (2008) | Pozo & Trujillo (2005) | Sanborn (1933) | Tirira (2017) | Tuttle (1970) | Wilson (1979)	https://zenodo.org/record/6458746/files/figure.png	72. Tschudi’s Tailless Bat Anoura peruana French: Anoura du Pérou / German: Tschudi-Langnasenfledermaus / Spanish: Anoura de Peru Taxonomy . Glossophaga (Choeronycteris) peruana Tschudi, 1844 , “Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000’ [= 1524 m ] i. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera,” Junin , Peru . Anoura peruana wassplit from A. geoffroyi based on morphological analyses. It includes A. apolinari and A. geoffroyi antricola as junior synonyms. Monotypic. Distribution. Through Andean zone of W Colombia , W & E Ecuador , W & E Peru , and W & C Bolivia . Descriptive notes . Head-body 59-81 mm (tailless), ear 12-16 mm, hindfoot 8-13 mm, forearm 43-49 mm; weight 13-18 g. Females are larger than males. Tschudi’s Tailless Bat is a large species of Anoura . Dorsal fur is dark brown or blackish brown to pale grayish brown; venter is paler than dorsum; and fur is short, with bicolored hairs having pale whitish to grayish bases. Head is long and slender; noseleafis triangular; ears are small, rounded, and somewhattriangular; lowerlip is longer than upperlip; snout has short and medium-sized whiskers, prominent on some individuals; and tongue is long, often slightly protruding from mouth. Wing membranes are black or blackish brown; caudal membrane is very narrow, nearly imperceptible; calcaris short,less than one-half the length of foot; and tail is absent. Dense fringe of hairs occurs along free edge of uropatagium. Legs and feet are furred. Upperincisors are very small, occur in pairs and are separated by distinct central gap; P, similar to P, in size and shape. Habitat . Mainly subtropical, cloudy, and temperate forests on both slopes of the Andes, tropical forests west of the Andes, and high Andean forests at elevations of 10-3800 m (most commonly above 1000 m ). Tschudi’s Tailless Bat prefers humid areas but can be found in some dry and semi-humid forests. Specific habitats include primary, secondary, disturbed, and gallery forests; forest edges; gardens; orchards; cultivated areas (e.g. banana plantations); pastures; and open areas, sometimesfar from native forests: it is apparently most common near rivers. Food and Feeding . Tschudi’s Tailless Bat feeds on nectar and pollen, mainly from plants that bloom at night such as certain species of cactus ( Cactaceae ). Fruit pulp has been reported in stomachs of Ecuadorian specimens. It can be highly insectivorous at certain times of the year. It eats pollen of Bombacopsis squamigera ( Malvaceae ); Pitcairnia brongniartiana ( Bromeliaceae ); Burmeistera sodiroana and B. truncata (both Campanulaceae ); Clusia sp. ( Clusiaceae ) and Marcgravia coriacea (Macgraviaceae); Markea sp. ( Solanaceae ); Meriania pichinchensis ( Melastomataceae ); and Passiflora spp. ( Passifloraceae ). Breeding . In Ecuador , female Tschudi’s Tailless Bats with single fetuses were captured in August-September and several scrotal males in September. In Peru , pregnant females were captured in May-August. In Bolivia , two females, each with one embryo, were caught in June. Activity patterns . Tschudi’s Tailless Bat is nocturnal. Nightly activity starts c.1 hour after sunset. Movements, Home range and Social organization . Tschudi’s Tailless Bat often forms colonies of several tens up to hundreds of individuals. It roosts in hollow trees, caves, and tunnels and appears to be common only where there are caves or rock crevices and rare or perhaps absent where there are no such shelters. In Ecuador , colonies of 300-500 individuals have been reported in caves; in Peru , colonies of 20-75 individuals grouped into several small clusters were reported. Occasionally, it has been reported roosting alone. Sexes can be segregated or mixed, depending on season. In Ecuador , it has been found in large caves with Peters’s Ghost-faced Bats ( Mormoops megalophylla) and Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis ). Status and Conservation . Not assessed on The IUCN Red List. Based on abundance data from field observations, conservation status Tschudi’s Tailless Bat could be considered stable. It is fairly common in altered habitats and inter-Andean valleys and rare in pristine lowland areas. Bibliography . Albuja (1999), Anderson (1997), Gardner (1977b), Graham (1987), Griffiths & Gardner (2008a), Handley (1976), Lee et al. (2008), Mantilla-Meluk & Baker (2010), Ortega & Alarcén (2008), Pozo & Trujillo (2005), Sanborn (1933), Tirira (2017), Tuttle (1970), Wilson (1979).			synonym of Anoura geoffroyi																Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2025	Anoura peruana	23	Tschudi's Tailless Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	GLOSSOPHAGINAE	CHOERONYCTERINI	Anoura	NA	peruana	Tschudi	1844	1	Glossophaga_(Choeronycteris)_peruana	Tschudi, J. J. (1844). Untersuchungen Ã¼ber die Fauna Peruana, St. Gallen, 1844â€“47, St. Gallen,1844-46, 71.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/123645#page/117/mode/1up	NA		"Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' [= 1524 m] Ã¼. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera," JunÃ­n, Peru.			peruana (Tschudi, 1844) [nomen nudum; Rhinchonycteris peruana]|peruana (Tschudi, 1844)|apolinari (J. A. Allen, 1916)|antricola Anthony, 1921	split from A. geoffroyi	Mantilla-Meluk, H., & Baker, R. J. (2010). New species of Anoura (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Colombia, with systematic remarks and notes on the distribution of the A. geoffroyi complex. Museum of Texas Tech University, 92, 1-19.	Colombia|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia	South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Anoura_peruana	0	unmatched	NA	1	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	90000000	Anoura peruana	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	Anoura	peruana	(Tschudi, 1844)	Based on the morphological distinction observed between A. g. peruana and A. g. geoffroyi , as well as the ecological differentiation of the areas inhabited by these two taxa, Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010) elevated A. peruana to specific level.	90000000	Anoura peruana	Least Concern		2019	2019-02-07 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, tolerance to different habitats and conditions, occurrence in a number of protected areas and because the population is likely to be stable.	Mainly found in subtropical, cloudy, and temperate forest on both slopes of the Andes; although, it also occurs in tropical forests west of the Andes, and in high Andean forests (Ortega and Alarcon 2008). It prefers humid areas, but it is possible to find it in some dry and semi-humid forests. The species is found in a broad altitudinal range, up to 3800 m, but most common at intermediate elevations (above 800 m) and rarer in lowlands (below 1000 m). Found in primary, secondary, disturbed, and gallery forests, forest edge, gardens, orchards, cultivated areas (such as banana plantations), pastures, and open areas, sometimes far from native forest. ;This bat is found in hollow trees, caves, and tunnels (Graham 1988); in Ecuador, it has been found in large caves sharing the space with Mormoops megalophylla ;and Tadarida brasiliensis . This species feeds on nectar and pollen, mainly of plants that bloom at night, like certain Cactaceae ;species (Griffiths and Gardner 2008); also, fruit pulp in stomachs of Ecuadorian specimens has been reported (Tirira 2017). This species can be highly insectivorous at certain times of the year. ;Nightly activity starts one hour after sunset. ;It often forms colonies of several tens to up hundred individuals.	There are no major threats to this species, or they are unknown. Cave mining and tourism could be a threat.	Although it is a new definition for a taxon previously considered a subspecies, it seems common and widespread (TerÃ¡n and Aguirre 2007, Tirira 2017), and broadly tolerant to distinct habitats and even human disturbance (Ortega and Alarcon 2008).	Stable	This species occurs through the Andean zone of E Colombia, E Ecuador, Peru (except NW), and W and C Bolivia. It was previously included as a subspecies of the more widely distributed A. geoffroyi (Ortega and Alarcon 2008, Mantilla-Meluk and Baker 2010).		Terrestrial	It occurs in a number of protected areas throughout its range. There is a need for ;further research on the taxonomic distinction among species and subspecies of this species-complex (Jarrin and Kunz 2008, Mantilla-Meluk and Baker 2010). ;Also, ;specific ;conservation actions include the identification and protection of caves used as roosts by large colonies of this species.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Phyllostomidae	Anoura		peruana	Tschudi	1844		Untersuchungen über die Fauna Peruana 1844:71.		Peruvian Tailless Bat	lasiopyga Peters, 1868. peruana Tschudi, 1844:  antricola Anthony, 1921;   apolinari J. A. Allen, 1916.	Peru	W Colombia, C Ecuador, W Peru, WC Bolivia	Not listed.	Least Concern	Distinct from geoffroyi; see Molinari et al. (2023). Considered a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi by Thomas (1893), Sanborn (1933), and numerous others until recognized as a distinct species by Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Subsequent analyses by Calderón-Acevedo (2019) and Calderón-Acevedo et al. (2021, 2022) suggested that peruana was, in fact, a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi. Molinari et al. (2023) provide a detailed review of the results of Calderón-Acevedo et al. (2022), and we follow their recommendation, along with the work of Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010), in recognizing peruna here. Includes lasiopyga, previously considered a subspecies of geoffroyi, as a valid subspecies; see Molinari et al. (2023). Includes apolinari; see Sanborn (1933) and Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Includes antricola; see Sanborn (1933). See also Vargas-Arboleda et al. (2020). The type of peruana may be lost; see Carter and Dolan (1978) and Turni and Kock (2008). For information on the type of lasiopyga see Arroyo-Cabrales and Gardner (2003). Although no type locality more specific than Peru was given with the original description, a later publication (Tschudi, 1845: 85) gives the locality as "Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' ü. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera", or Junín, Peru (Griffiths and Gardner, 2008).	Anoura peruana	1004898		Tschudi's Tailless Bat		Theria 	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	Phyllostomidae 	GLOSSOPHAGINAE	CHOERONYCTERINI	Anoura	NA	peruana	Tschudi	1844	1	[Glossophaga (]Ch[oeronycteris)].					Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' [= 1524 m] ü. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera, Junín, Peru.			peruana (Tschudi, 1844) [nomen nudum; Rhinchonycteris peruana]|peruana (Tschudi, 1844)|lasiopyga (W. Peters, 1868)|apolinari (J. A. Allen, 1916)|antricola Anthony, 1921	split from A. geoffroyi, although some authors have recently retained the species under A. geoffroyi; the species is retained here following the most recent publication	Mantilla-Meluk, H., & Baker, R. J. (2006). Systematics of small Anoura (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Colombia, with description of a new species. Museum of Texas Tech University, 261, 1-18.|Kunz, T. H. (2008). Taxonomic history of the genus Anoura (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with insights into the challenges of morphological species delimitation. Acta Chiropterologica, 10(2), 257-269.|Griffiths, T.A., Gardner, A.L., 2008. Subfamily Glossophaginae Bonaparte, 1845. In: Gardner, A. (Ed.), Mammals of South America, Vol 1. Marsupials, Xenarthrans,Shrews, and Bats. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 224–244.|Calderón-Acevedo, C. A., Bagley, J. C., & Muchhala, N. (2022). Genome-wide ultraconserved elements resolve phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history among Neotropical leaf-nosed bats in the genus Anoura (Phyllostomidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 167, 107356.|Molinari, J., Guitiérrez, E. E., & Lim, B. K. (2023). Systematics and biogeography of Anoura cultrata (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): a morphometric, niche modeling, and genetic perspective, with a taxonomic reappraisal of the genus. Zootaxa, 5297(2), 151-188.				Mexico (MEX) | Guatemala (GTM) | El Salvador (SLV) | Honduras (HND) | Nicaragua (NIC) | Costa Rica (CRI) | Panama (PAN) | Colombia (COL) | Venezuela (VEN) | Peru (PER) | Ecuador (ECU) | Bolivia (BOL) 												Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Anoura_peruana	1004898	23	Tschudi's Tailless Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Noctilionoidea	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaginae	Choeronycterini	Anoura	Anoura	peruana	von Tschudi	1	Choeronycteris peruana	Tschudi, J.J. von. 1844. [Part 2]. Pp. 21â€“76 in Tschudi, J.J. von. 1844-1845. Untersuchungen Ã¼ber die Fauna Peruana. Scheitlin und Zollikofer, St. Gallen, 262 pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40007855	untraced (number not known)	nonexistent		Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' [= 1524 m] Ã¼. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera, JunÃ­n, Peru.			split from A. geoffroyi, although some authors have recently retained the species under A. geoffroyi; the species is retained here following the most recent publication	Mantilla-Meluk, H., & Baker, R. J. (2006). Systematics of small Anoura (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Colombia, with description of a new species. Museum of Texas Tech University, 261, 1-18.|Kunz, T. H. (2008). Taxonomic history of the genus Anoura (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with insights into the challenges of morphological species delimitation. Acta Chiropterologica, 10(2), 257-269.|Griffiths, T.A., Gardner, A.L., 2008. Subfamily Glossophaginae Bonaparte, 1845. In: Gardner, A. (Ed.), Mammals of South America, Vol 1. Marsupials, Xenarthrans,Shrews, and Bats. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 224â€“244.|CalderÃ³n-Acevedo, C. A., Bagley, J. C., & Muchhala, N. (2022). Genome-wide ultraconserved elements resolve phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history among Neotropical leaf-nosed bats in the genus Anoura (Phyllostomidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 167, 107356.|Molinari, J., GuitiÃ©rrez, E. E., & Lim, B. K. (2023). Systematics and biogeography of Anoura cultrata (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): a morphometric, niche modeling, and genetic perspective, with a taxonomic reappraisal of the genus. Zootaxa, 5297(2), 151-188.				Mexico|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Peru|Ecuador|Bolivia	North America|South America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Anoura_peruana	0	unmatched	NA	1	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Phyllostomidae	Anoura		peruana	Tschudi	1844	1	Untersuchungen uÌˆber die Fauna Peruana	1845:11:00	Peruvian Tailless Bat	Yes.	Peru	W Colombia, C Ecuador, W Peru, WC Bolivia	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88109497/88109500/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Distinct from geoffroyi; see Molinari et al. (2023). Considered a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi by Thomas (1893), Sanborn (1933), and numerous others until recognized as a distinct species by Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Subsequent analyses by CalderÃ³n-Acevedo (2019) and CalderÃ³n-Acevedo et al. (2021, 2022) suggested that peruana was, in fact, a synonym or subspecies of geoffroyi. Molinari et al. (2023) provide a detailed review of the results of CalderÃ³n-Acevedo et al. (2022), and we follow their recommendation, along with the work of Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010), in recognizing peruna here. Includes lasiopyga, previously considered a subspecies of geoffroyi, as a valid subspecies; see Molinari et al. (2023). Includes apolinari; see Sanborn (1933) and Mantilla-Meluk and Baker (2010). Includes antricola; see Sanborn (1933). See also Vargas-Arboleda et al. (2020). The type of peruana may be lost; see Carter and Dolan (1978) and Turni and Kock (2008). For information on the type of lasiopyga see Arroyo-Cabrales and Gardner (2003). Although no type locality more specific than Peru was given with the original description, a later publication (Tschudi, 1845: 85) gives the locality as "Hacienda der Cejaregion 5000' Ã¼. M. am Ostabhange der Binnencordillera", or JunÃ­n, Peru (Griffiths and Gardner, 2008).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	Anourina	Anoura peruana; Anoura geoffroyi; Anoura peruana; Anoura geoffroyi; apolinari; geoffroyi; antricola; Rhinchonycteris peruana; peruana; apolinari; antricola; Anoura du Pérou; Tschudi-Langnasenfledermaus; Anoura de Peru; Tschudi's Tailless Bat; Anoura peruana geoffroyi; Anoura geoffroyi peruana; Anoura apolinari; Anoura antricola; Anoura apolinari; A. geoffroyi
