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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L467	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	Pipistrellus arabicus	Pipistrellus arabicus	Pipistrellus arabicus	Pipistrellus arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo arabicus		[MSW2] Subgenus Hypsugo.; [MSW3] Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel, see Benda et al. (2002).; [HMW] Pipistrellus arabicus D. L.. Harrison, 1979 , Wadi Sahtan ( 23°22'N , 57°18'E ), Oman . Based on genetic data, Hypsugo arabicus appears to be sister to H. savii , with H. ariel basal to this clade. Often placed in Pipistrellus , but genetic data unequivocally situate this species in Hypsugo . Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel , see Benda et al. (2002).; [IUCN] Described earlier as Pipistrellus arabicus by Harrison in 1979 it is now included under the genus Hypsugo Kolenati, 1856 (vide Harrison and Bates 1991, Benda et al. 2002, Simmons 2005).; [batnames2023] Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel , see Benda et al. (2002).; [batnames2025_1.7] Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel, see Benda et al. (2002).														arabicus	Described earlier as Pipistrellus arabicus by Harrison in 1979 it is now included under the genus Hypsugo Kolenati, 1856 (vide Harrison and Bates 1991, Benda et al. 2002, Simmons 2005).			arabicus	arabicus			arabicus (D. L. Harrison, 1979)					Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Pipistrellus arabicus	Oman, Wadi Sahtan (23° 22' N„ 57° 18' E.).	Harrison	1979	Mammalia, 43:575.	Distribution: Confined to Oman.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		N Oman; ref. 4.73	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Harrison	1979	Mammalia, 43:575.	Subgenus Hypsugo.	Oman.	Oman, Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57®18'E).		HARRISON	1979	Size relatively small (forearm length, 29-32 mm). Upper canine and anterior premolar relatively short. Rostrum fairly long and slender. Thumb relatively long.	Distribution: Confined to Oman.	No subspecies.		112	species	P. arabicus	HARRISON	1979	Pipistrellus	subgenus	Pipistrellus arabicus				Size relatively small (forearm length, 29-32 mm). Upper canine and anterior premolar relatively short. Rostrum fairly long and slender. Thumb relatively long.	No subspecies.		6. P. arabicus HARRISON 1979 [pipistrellus group].	6	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Vespertilionini	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo		arabicus	Harrison	y	1979		Mammalia	43		575		Arabian Pipistrelle	Oman, Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E).	Oman, Iran.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable as Pipistrellus arabicus.		Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel, see Benda et al. (2002).	4C3D87E8FFCF6A70FF4C96A71A94B239	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	810	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFCF6A70FF4C96A71A94B239.xml	Hypsugo arabicus	Vespertilionidae	Hypsugo	arabicus		1979	Vespéere d'Oman @fr | Arabische Zwergfledermaus @de | Hypsugo de Oman @es	Pipistrellus arabicus D. L.. Harrison, 1979 , Wadi Sahtan ( 23°22'N , 57°18'E ), Oman . Based on genetic data, Hypsugo arabicus appears to be sister to H. savii , with H. ariel basal to this clade. Often placed in Pipistrellus , but genetic data unequivocally situate this species in Hypsugo . Monotypic.	N Oman and SE Iran .	Head-body 37-48 mm, tail 37-44 mm, ear 10-5-13.5 mm, hindfoot 5-3-5-9 mm, forearm 28-9-34-3 mm. Pelage of the Arabian Pipistrelle is fairly long; dorsal pelage is very light clay-colored (hairs with dark bases that barely show through past light clay-brown tips); ventral pelage is practically white (hair tips are white, with darker base). Face and ears are blackish, and membranes are dusky brown and semi-translucent. Ears are relatively short, with convex inner margins, concave outer margins, and rounded tip; tragus is tall, with pointed tip that curves anteriorly and has weakly developed posterior basal lobule; there is low antitragus. Tail extends two vertebrae past uropatagium, and calcar is weakly developed, with very small but distinct Postcalcarial lobe. Penis is angulated and covered in hair on glans. Baculum is highly distinctive, with ventral groove reaching up to halfway up shaft, with slightly bifurcated base; base is wide in dorsal and lateral views and tip is trifurcated with knobs on each tip; shaft curves ventrally a little near tip and base in lateral view. Skull is small and delicate with longer rostrum than in the Fairy Pipistrelle ( Hypsugo ariel ) “and Lanza’s Pipistrelle ( H. lanzai ); supraorbital ridges are conspicuous; braincase is bulbous and smooth, lacking sagittal crest; lambdoidalcrests are weakly developed but more so than in the Fairy Pipistrelle. I? is bicuspid; C' and P* are usually separated by minute P?, which is intruded from tooth row; P; is small in crown area and height; and lower molars are myotodont.	Desert and semi-desert habitats. Forages in open spaces, and above water.	Arabian Pipistrelles probably feed by aerial-hawking, as indicated by their diet. In Oman ,ten fecal samples contained mostly Coleoptera , Hymenoptera , Lepidoptera, Heteroptera, and Auchenorrhyncha. Twelve digestive tracts in Iran contained mostly small Coleoptera and Auchenorrhyncha, with significant amounts of Formicoidea and smaller amounts of small Lepidoptera , Diptera ( Culicidae ), Hemiptera ( Aphididae ), Heteroptera, Blattodea , and Neuroptera .	In Iran , six pregnant females, all with two well-developed fetuses, were captured in early April. In Oman , pregnant females with two fetuses have been captured in early April, along with a lactating female. Births probably occur in early April.	Arabian Pipistrelles are nocturnal. In Oman , search-call shape is a steep FM/QCF sweep with start frequencies of 36-1-48-5 kHz, end frequencies of 30-34-4 kHz, peak frequencies of 31:9-36-5 kHz, durations of 6-6—8-8 milliseconds, and interpulse intervals of 96-7-108-6 milliseconds.	No information.	Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List (as Pipistrellus arabicus ). The Arabian Pipistrelle is currently known only from a few individuals from relatively few localities in Oman and Iran .	Benda, Al-Jumaily et al. (2011) | Benda, Andreas & Reiter (2002) | Benda, Faizolahi et al. (2012) | Benda, Reiter et al. (2016) | Harrison (1979, 1982) | Harrison & Bates (1991) | Tsytsulina (2008b)	https://zenodo.org/record/6397972/files/figure.png	96. Arabian Pipistrelle Hypsugo arabicus French: Vespéere d'Oman / German: Arabische Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Hypsugo de Oman Taxonomy. Pipistrellus arabicus D. L.. Harrison, 1979 , Wadi Sahtan ( 23°22'N , 57°18'E ), Oman . Based on genetic data, Hypsugo arabicus appears to be sister to H. savii , with H. ariel basal to this clade. Often placed in Pipistrellus , but genetic data unequivocally situate this species in Hypsugo . Monotypic. Distribution. N Oman and SE Iran . Descriptive notes. Head-body 37-48 mm, tail 37-44 mm, ear 10-5-13.5 mm, hindfoot 5-3-5-9 mm, forearm 28-9-34-3 mm. Pelage of the Arabian Pipistrelle is fairly long; dorsal pelage is very light clay-colored (hairs with dark bases that barely show through past light clay-brown tips); ventral pelage is practically white (hair tips are white, with darker base). Face and ears are blackish, and membranes are dusky brown and semi-translucent. Ears are relatively short, with convex inner margins, concave outer margins, and rounded tip; tragus is tall, with pointed tip that curves anteriorly and has weakly developed posterior basal lobule; there is low antitragus. Tail extends two vertebrae past uropatagium, and calcar is weakly developed, with very small but distinct Postcalcarial lobe. Penis is angulated and covered in hair on glans. Baculum is highly distinctive, with ventral groove reaching up to halfway up shaft, with slightly bifurcated base; base is wide in dorsal and lateral views and tip is trifurcated with knobs on each tip; shaft curves ventrally a little near tip and base in lateral view. Skull is small and delicate with longer rostrum than in the Fairy Pipistrelle ( Hypsugo ariel ) “and Lanza’s Pipistrelle ( H. lanzai ); supraorbital ridges are conspicuous; braincase is bulbous and smooth, lacking sagittal crest; lambdoidalcrests are weakly developed but more so than in the Fairy Pipistrelle. I? is bicuspid; C' and P* are usually separated by minute P?, which is intruded from tooth row; P; is small in crown area and height; and lower molars are myotodont. Habitat. Desert and semi-desert habitats. Forages in open spaces, and above water. Food and Feeding. Arabian Pipistrelles probably feed by aerial-hawking, as indicated by their diet. In Oman ,ten fecal samples contained mostly Coleoptera , Hymenoptera , Lepidoptera, Heteroptera, and Auchenorrhyncha. Twelve digestive tracts in Iran contained mostly small Coleoptera and Auchenorrhyncha, with significant amounts of Formicoidea and smaller amounts of small Lepidoptera , Diptera ( Culicidae ), Hemiptera ( Aphididae ), Heteroptera, Blattodea , and Neuroptera . Breeding. In Iran , six pregnant females, all with two well-developed fetuses, were captured in early April. In Oman , pregnant females with two fetuses have been captured in early April, along with a lactating female. Births probably occur in early April. Activity patterns. Arabian Pipistrelles are nocturnal. In Oman , search-call shape is a steep FM/QCF sweep with start frequencies of 36-1-48-5 kHz, end frequencies of 30-34-4 kHz, peak frequencies of 31:9-36-5 kHz, durations of 6-6—8-8 milliseconds, and interpulse intervals of 96-7-108-6 milliseconds. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List (as Pipistrellus arabicus ). The Arabian Pipistrelle is currently known only from a few individuals from relatively few localities in Oman and Iran . Bibliography. Benda, Al-Jumaily et al. (2011), Benda, Andreas & Reiter (2002), Benda, Faizolahi et al. (2012), Benda, Reiter et al. (2016), Harrison (1979, 1982), Harrison & Bates (1991), Tsytsulina (2008b).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Hypsugo arabicus	Hypsugo		arabicus	Harrison	1979	1	Mammalia	52:35:00	Arabian Pipistrelle	None.	Oman, Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E).	Oman, Iran.	Not listed.	Data Deficient	Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel , see Benda et al. (2002).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Hypsugo arabicus	23	Arabian Pipistrelle		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	VESPERTILIONINI	Hypsugo	NA	arabicus	D. L. Harrison	1979	1	Pipistrellus_arabicus	Harrison, D. L. (1979). A new species of pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus: Vespertilionidae) from Oman, Arabia. Mammalia, 43, 575.		BM 1980.393		Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E), Oman.	23.367	57.3	arabicus (D. L. Harrison, 1979)	NA	NA	Oman|Iran	Asia	Afrotropic	DD	0	0	0	Hypsugo_arabicus	0	sciname match	Hypsugo_arabicus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	17328	Hypsugo arabicus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Hypsugo	arabicus	Harrison, 1979	Described earlier as Pipistrellus arabicus by Harrison in 1979 it is now included under the genus Hypsugo Kolenati, 1856 (vide Harrison and Bates 1991, Benda et al. 2002, Simmons 2005).	20000000	Hypsugo arabicus	Data Deficient		2019	2018-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species has a restricted distribution, and although its extent of occurrence is &gt;20,000 km<sup>2</sup> (when records in both Oman and Iran are taken into account), its area of occupancy could be smaller than 2,000 km<sup>2</sup>, although this has not been quantified. It is not known whether or not the population is declining, severely fragmented, or restricted to a small number of locations. Assessed as Data Deficient.	In Iran, bats were collected above a rest pool of a periodical river, surrounded by lowland desert and semi-desert habitats (ca. 130 m a.s.l.). Similarly as in other species of eptesicini-pipistrellini clade, H. arabicus is an aerial hawker: as the diet analysis has shown, the species is insectivorous. This species is an aerial hawker hunting in open spaces of semi-desert and desert habitats. The analysis of ten sample sets of faeces from north-eastern Oman showed Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Heteroptera to be dominant in the diet, Auchenorrhyncha were also an important prey item. The analysis of guts of individuals from Iran showed that the diet was dominated by small Coleoptera and Auchenorrhyncha, Formicoidea also represented a significant proportion of the diet, while the volume of other food items was negligible. Lepidoptera were represented by small-sized species, nematoceran Diptera by Culicidae and Sternorrhyncha by Aphididae (Benda et al. 2012).	Threats for this species are unknown.	It might be common in the range where it occurs (Benda et al. 2012).	Unknown	This species is known from eastern Arabia, Al Hajar Mtns., north-eastern Oman, south-eastern Iran and Mekran region of southern Baluchestan, Iran (Benda et al. 2002, 2012).		Terrestrial	No specific measures are in place. Research is required to determine population size, distribution, trends, and any threats or necessary conservation measures.	Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Hypsugo		arabicus	Harrison	1979	1	Mammalia	52:35:00	Arabian Pipistrelle	None.	Oman, Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E).	Oman, Iran.	Not listed.	Data Deficient	Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel , see Benda et al. (2002).	Hypsugo arabicus	1005714	23	Arabian Pipistrelle		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	VESPERTILIONINI	Hypsugo	NA	arabicus	D. L. Harrison	1979	1	Pipistrellus_arabicus	Harrison, D. L. (1979). A new species of pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus: Vespertilionidae) from Oman, Arabia. Mammalia, 43, 575.		BM 1980.393		Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E), Oman.	23.36667	57.3	arabicus (D. L. Harrison, 1979)	NA	NA				Oman|Iran	Asia	Afrotropic	DD	0	0	0	Hypsugo_arabicus	0	sciname match	Hypsugo_arabicus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Hypsugo_arabicus	1005714	23	Arabian Pipistrelle		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Vespertilionini	Hypsugo	NA	arabicus	D. L. Harrison	1	Pipistrellus arabicus	Harrison, D.L. 1979. A new species of pipistrelle bat (_Pipistrellus_: Vespertilionidae) from Oman, Arabia. Mammalia 43(4):573-576.		BMNH:Mamm:1980.393	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/2d97a599-a1a4-4399-8108-abb36f83b441	Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E), Oman.	23.36667	57.3	NA	NA				Oman|Iran	Asia	Afrotropic	DD	0	0	0	Hypsugo_arabicus	0	sciname match	Hypsugo_arabicus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Hypsugo		arabicus	Harrison	1979	1	Mammalia	52:35:00	Arabian Pipistrelle	None.	Oman, Wadi Sahtan (23°22'N, 57°18'E).	Oman, Iran.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/17328/22131108/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	Reviewed by Harrison and Bates (1991). May be conspecific with ariel, see Benda et al. (2002).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Hypsugo arabicus; Hypsugo arabicus; Hypsugo arabicus; Hypsugo arabicus; Hypsugo arabicus; Hypsugo arabicus; arabicus; Vespéere d'Oman; Arabische Zwergfledermaus; Hypsugo de Oman; Arabian Pipistrelle; Arabian Pipistrelle; Arabian Pipistrelle; H. arabicus