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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L45	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida centurio		[MSW2] Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976:29).; [MSW3] Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.; [HMW] Ametrida centurio J. E. Gray, 1847 , “Brazils, Para.” Restricted by R. L. Peterson in 1965 to Belém, Para, Brazil . Because male and female Ametrida centurio are very dimorphic, males had previously been described as a separated species, A. minor Peterson, 1965 , currently a junior synonym. Ametrida centurio is in the tribe Stenodermatini , which encompasses bat species with highly shortened rostra and anteriorly rounded palates not extending posteriorly and with pronounced secondary sexual dimorphism. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Includes minor ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Distribution maps may be found in Emmons (1997) and Gardner (2007), but do not include the range extension to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil; see Vilar et al. (2015). See also Lee and Dominguez (2000). Morphology of sexually dimorphic traits discussed by Muñoz‑Romo et al. (2022).; [IUCN] Includes minor .; [batnames2023] Includes minor ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Distribution maps may be found in Emmons (1997) and Gardner (2007), but do not include the range extension to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil; see Vilar et al. (2015). See also Lee and Dominguez (2000). Morphology of sexually dimorphic traits discussed by Muñoz‑Romo et al. (2022).; [batnames2025_1.7] Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976). Distribution maps may be found in Emmons (1997) and Gardner (2007), but do not include the range extension to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil; see Vilar et al. (2015). See also Lee and Dominguez (2000). Morphology of sexually dimorphic traits discussed by Muñoz‑Romo et al. (2022).				minor		minor.			minor		minor	centurio	centurio - minor	centurio, minor	Includes minor .	centurio	centurio - minor	centurio, minor	centurio, minor	centurio	centurio - minor	centurio J. E. Gray, 1847|minor H. Allen, 1894		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.		Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Trinidad	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Ametrida centurio	Brazil, Para, Belem.	Gray	1847	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1847:15.	Distribution: Same as for genus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Trinidad, etc.	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gray	1847	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1847:15.	Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976:29).	Amazonian Brazil, Guianas, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Bonaire Isl (Netherlands Antilles).	Brazil, Para, Belem.		GRAY	1847	Size relatively small (forearm length, 24-34 mm; condylobasal length, 11-14 mm). Females markedly larger than males.	Distribution: Same as for genus.	No subspecies.		93	species	A. centurio	GRAY	1847	Ametrida	genus	Ametrida centurio				Size relatively small (forearm length, 24-34 mm; condylobasal length, 11-14 mm). Fe- males markedly larger than males.	No subspecies.		1. A. centurio GRAY 1847 (= minor H. ALLEN 1894).	1	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Phyllostomidae	Stenodermatinae	Stenodermatini	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida		centurio	Gray		1847		Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1847		15		Little White-shouldered Bat	Brazil, Pará, Belem.	Amazonian Brazil, Guianas, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Bonaire Isl (Netherlands Antilles).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	minor H. Allen, 1894.	Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	03A687BCFFD2FFD21396FC26F6B2F183	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff9fffc4ffb1ffb1133cffbaffe0f244	583	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/A6/87/03A687BCFFD2FFD21396FC26F6B2F183.xml	Ametrida centurio	Phyllostomidae	Ametrida	centurio	J. E. Gray	1847	Centurion amétride @fr | Kleine Weil3schulterfledermaus @de | Ametrida de cara plana @es	Ametrida centurio J. E. Gray, 1847 , “Brazils, Para.” Restricted by R. L. Peterson in 1965 to Belém, Para, Brazil . Because male and female Ametrida centurio are very dimorphic, males had previously been described as a separated species, A. minor Peterson, 1965 , currently a junior synonym. Ametrida centurio is in the tribe Stenodermatini , which encompasses bat species with highly shortened rostra and anteriorly rounded palates not extending posteriorly and with pronounced secondary sexual dimorphism. Monotypic.	Panama (Barro Colorado I), Venezuela , the Guianas, and Brazil (N Amazon Basin S to Serra do Roncador in Mato Grosso , and a single record from the Atlantic Forest in Paraiba ); also on Bonaire and Trinidad Is.	Head-body 35-46 mm (males) and 40-53 mm (females), no tail, ear 11-15 mm (males) and 11:-5-15 mm (females), hindfoot 9 mm (males) and 8 mm (females), forearm 24-6-26-5 mm (males) and 29-8-33-2 mm (females); weight 7-8 8 g (males) and 10 g (females). The Little White-shouldered Bat is small and sexually dimorphic, with females much larger than males and with other different secondary sexual characteristics, such as more pronounced swollen periorbital region of males. Pelage is pale brown to dark rusty brown, with tricolored hairs having medium brown bases and tips and grayish middles. Ventral fur is unicolored and same color as dorsum, except paler on throat, neck, and upper part of chest. There is one pair of white spots on shoulders and another on lateral parts of neck—a condition shared by all stenodermatine bats. Wings are brownish, except for dactylopatagium minus that is broad and translucent, remaining permanently opened. Propatagium, dorsal uropatagium, and part of plagiopatagium are furry. Rostrum is very shortened and wide; region around muzzle and lips is virtually naked. Three wart-like papillae with vibrissae are located on each sides of horseshoe of noseleaf. Similar to horseshoe vibrissae, genal vibrissae arise from rounded, wart-like papillae. Lancet of noseleaf is broad and short. Eyes are olive and large. Periorbital region is more conspicuously swollen in males, probably associated with glands. Ears are broad at bases and pointed attips, and part of internal pinna surface is pale pinkish to yellowish. Forehead is roughly perpendicular in relation to palatal plane, braincase is rounded, and nasal boneis retracted, with distal tip shaped as a small rounded projection that can be seen in lateral and dorsal views. Facial process of maxilla appears dorso-ventrally compressed, and zygoma is overall much enlarged. Palate is wide and rounded. Dental formula is 12/2, C1/1,P 2/2, M 3/3 ( x2 ) = 32. I' are small and triangular, with pointed main tips, and molars are expanded lateromedially, forming large crown surface. One specimen recently collected in Paraiba , north-eastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil , was unique compared with previously known specimens; it had one additional pair of white spots on venter, located mediolaterally on abdomen and semicircular white spot around (dorsal) to penis. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30-31 and FN = 56. X-chromosome is subtelocentric, and Y-chromosome is metaor submetacentric. Karyotypes constitute aXx/X¥Y, system.	Historically pristine Amazonian forests, isolated forested mountains surrounded by savanna ( Guyana ) or “canga vegetation” (herbs and shrubs associated to iron-rich soils on top of mountains) in eastern Amazonia, open and forested habitats in western and central Amazonia, and recent records in forests associated to canga formations in south-eastern Amazonia and Atlantic Forest of north-eastern Brazil , mostly in lowlands but up to elevations over 2000 m .	The Little White-shouldered Bat is predominantly or exclusively frugivorous. Nevertheless, there is a report of it using flower products (nectar) of Parkia pendula ( Fabaceae ); bodies of seven females captured in central Amazonian Brazil were covered with pollen from this plant. Individuals have also been reported flying close to blossoming canopy Fabaceae in French Guiana . Feeding on nectar appear to be an opportunistic behavior because the Little White-shouldered Bat has no adaptations for nectar feeding and exhibits derived characters that might be related to highly specialized frugivory.	Pregnant Little Whitesshouldered Bats have been captured in July-August on Trinidad Island and October in eastern Amazonia (Para). Lactating females have been recorded in July-August in Central Amazonia.	The Little White-shouldered Bat is usually found in lowlands, evergreen forest near streams or moist areas, occasionally in clearings, secondary growth, or deciduous forests, adjacent to streams and river channels. It usually flies at canopy levels and has been captured in nets placed 8-34 m aboveground. A recent single record in Paraiba , north-eastern Brazil , was the first outside Amazonia and occurred in an intensively sampled area of fragmented Atlantic Forest; the individual was caught in a mist net 8: 3 m up in the canopy.	No information.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Little White-shouldered Bat is mostly rare in its area of occurrence, but it has been captured in higher numbers locally on some occasions.	Baker et al. (1979) | Bernard (2002) | Brosset & Charles-Dominique (1991) | Carter et al. (1981) | Gardner (2008f) | Hsu et al. (1968) | Lee & Dominguez (2000) | Peterson (1965b) | Rodriguez-Herrera & Hopkins (2000) | Simmons & Voss (1998) | Tavares (2008) | Tavares et al. (2018) | Vilar et al. (2015)	https://zenodo.org/record/6459025/files/figure.png	216. Little White-shouldered Bat Ametrida centurio French: Centurion amétride / German: Kleine Weil3schulterfledermaus / Spanish: Ametrida de cara plana Taxonomy. Ametrida centurio J. E. Gray, 1847 , “Brazils, Para.” Restricted by R. L. Peterson in 1965 to Belém, Para, Brazil . Because male and female Ametrida centurio are very dimorphic, males had previously been described as a separated species, A. minor Peterson, 1965 , currently a junior synonym. Ametrida centurio is in the tribe Stenodermatini , which encompasses bat species with highly shortened rostra and anteriorly rounded palates not extending posteriorly and with pronounced secondary sexual dimorphism. Monotypic. Distribution. Panama (Barro Colorado I), Venezuela , the Guianas, and Brazil (N Amazon Basin S to Serra do Roncador in Mato Grosso , and a single record from the Atlantic Forest in Paraiba ); also on Bonaire and Trinidad Is. Descriptive notes. Head-body 35-46 mm (males) and 40-53 mm (females), no tail, ear 11-15 mm (males) and 11:-5-15 mm (females), hindfoot 9 mm (males) and 8 mm (females), forearm 24-6-26-5 mm (males) and 29-8-33-2 mm (females); weight 7-8 8 g (males) and 10 g (females). The Little White-shouldered Bat is small and sexually dimorphic, with females much larger than males and with other different secondary sexual characteristics, such as more pronounced swollen periorbital region of males. Pelage is pale brown to dark rusty brown, with tricolored hairs having medium brown bases and tips and grayish middles. Ventral fur is unicolored and same color as dorsum, except paler on throat, neck, and upper part of chest. There is one pair of white spots on shoulders and another on lateral parts of neck—a condition shared by all stenodermatine bats. Wings are brownish, except for dactylopatagium minus that is broad and translucent, remaining permanently opened. Propatagium, dorsal uropatagium, and part of plagiopatagium are furry. Rostrum is very shortened and wide; region around muzzle and lips is virtually naked. Three wart-like papillae with vibrissae are located on each sides of horseshoe of noseleaf. Similar to horseshoe vibrissae, genal vibrissae arise from rounded, wart-like papillae. Lancet of noseleaf is broad and short. Eyes are olive and large. Periorbital region is more conspicuously swollen in males, probably associated with glands. Ears are broad at bases and pointed attips, and part of internal pinna surface is pale pinkish to yellowish. Forehead is roughly perpendicular in relation to palatal plane, braincase is rounded, and nasal boneis retracted, with distal tip shaped as a small rounded projection that can be seen in lateral and dorsal views. Facial process of maxilla appears dorso-ventrally compressed, and zygoma is overall much enlarged. Palate is wide and rounded. Dental formula is 12/2, C1/1,P 2/2, M 3/3 ( x2 ) = 32. I' are small and triangular, with pointed main tips, and molars are expanded lateromedially, forming large crown surface. One specimen recently collected in Paraiba , north-eastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil , was unique compared with previously known specimens; it had one additional pair of white spots on venter, located mediolaterally on abdomen and semicircular white spot around (dorsal) to penis. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30-31 and FN = 56. X-chromosome is subtelocentric, and Y-chromosome is metaor submetacentric. Karyotypes constitute aXx/X¥Y, system. Habitat. Historically pristine Amazonian forests, isolated forested mountains surrounded by savanna ( Guyana ) or “canga vegetation” (herbs and shrubs associated to iron-rich soils on top of mountains) in eastern Amazonia, open and forested habitats in western and central Amazonia, and recent records in forests associated to canga formations in south-eastern Amazonia and Atlantic Forest of north-eastern Brazil , mostly in lowlands but up to elevations over 2000 m . Food and Feeding. The Little White-shouldered Bat is predominantly or exclusively frugivorous. Nevertheless, there is a report of it using flower products (nectar) of Parkia pendula ( Fabaceae ); bodies of seven females captured in central Amazonian Brazil were covered with pollen from this plant. Individuals have also been reported flying close to blossoming canopy Fabaceae in French Guiana . Feeding on nectar appear to be an opportunistic behavior because the Little White-shouldered Bat has no adaptations for nectar feeding and exhibits derived characters that might be related to highly specialized frugivory. Breeding. Pregnant Little Whitesshouldered Bats have been captured in July-August on Trinidad Island and October in eastern Amazonia (Para). Lactating females have been recorded in July-August in Central Amazonia. Activity patterns. The Little White-shouldered Bat is usually found in lowlands, evergreen forest near streams or moist areas, occasionally in clearings, secondary growth, or deciduous forests, adjacent to streams and river channels. It usually flies at canopy levels and has been captured in nets placed 8-34 m aboveground. A recent single record in Paraiba , north-eastern Brazil , was the first outside Amazonia and occurred in an intensively sampled area of fragmented Atlantic Forest; the individual was caught in a mist net 8: 3 m up in the canopy. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Little White-shouldered Bat is mostly rare in its area of occurrence, but it has been captured in higher numbers locally on some occasions. Bibliography. Baker et al. (1979), Bernard (2002), Brosset & Charles-Dominique (1991), Carter et al. (1981), Gardner (2008f), Hsu et al. (1968), Lee & Dominguez (2000), Peterson (1965b), Rodriguez-Herrera & Hopkins (2000), Simmons & Voss (1998), Tavares (2008), Tavares et al. (2018), Vilar et al. (2015).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Phyllostomidae	Ametrida centurio	Ametrida		centurio	Gray	1847	0	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	######	Little White-shouldered Bat	 minor H. Allen, 1894.	Brazil, Par&aacute;, Belem.	NE Brazil (including Para&iacuteba state), Guianas, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Bonaire Isl (Netherlands Antilles).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Includes minor ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Distribution maps may be found in Emmons (1997) and Gardner (2007), but do not include the range extension to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil; see Vilar et al. (2015). See also Lee and Dominguez (2000). Morphology of sexually dimorphic traits discussed by Muñoz‑Romo et al. (2022).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Ametrida centurio	23	Little White-shouldered Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	STENODERMATINAE	STENODERMATINI	Ametrida	NA	centurio	J. E. Gray	1847	0						"Brazils, Para." Restricted by R. L. Peterson in 1965 to Belém, Pará, Brazil.			centurio J. E. Gray, 1847|minor H. Allen, 1894	NA	NA	Panama|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Bonaire|Trinidad & Tobago|Brazil	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Ametrida_centurio	0	sciname match	Ametrida_centurio	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	1137	Ametrida centurio	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	Ametrida	centurio	Gray, 1847	Includes minor .	100000000	Ametrida centurio	Least Concern		2016	2016-07-02 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.	Ecology and habits are poorly known; usually found in lowland, evergreen forest near streams or moist areas, occasionally in clearings, second growth, or deciduous forest. They may fly at canopy levels (Reid 2009). Handley (1976) reported specimens caught in or near forest habitat, ;mainly adjacent to streams and river channels. ;They are frugivores and occasionally can feed on nectar.	There are no major threats throughout the species' range.	This species is relatively common but patchily distributed. It is uncommon or rare in South America (Reid 2009).	Unknown	This frugivorous bat is found in Central and South America. This bat occurs from Amazonian Brazil, Guianas, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, and Bonaire Island (Netherlands Antilles) (Simmons 2005). In Venezuela, the species occurs from lowlands to 2,100 m, but in Venezuela most have been taken below 1,500 m (Handley 1976).		Terrestrial	Reduction of loss of forest habitats is needed.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Phyllostomidae	Ametrida		centurio	Gray	1847	0	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	########	Little White-shouldered Bat	 minor H. Allen, 1894.	Brazil, Par&aacute;, Belem.	NE Brazil (including Para&iacuteba state), Guianas, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Bonaire Isl (Netherlands Antilles).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Includes minor ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Distribution maps may be found in Emmons (1997) and Gardner (2007), but do not include the range extension to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil; see Vilar et al. (2015). See also Lee and Dominguez (2000). Morphology of sexually dimorphic traits discussed by Muñoz‑Romo et al. (2022).	Ametrida centurio	1004995	23	Little White-shouldered Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	Phyllostomidae	STENODERMATINAE	STENODERMATINI	Ametrida	NA	centurio	J. E. Gray	1847	0						"Brazils, Para." Restricted by R. L. Peterson in 1965 to Belém, Pará, Brazil.			centurio J. E. Gray, 1847|minor H. Allen, 1894	NA	NA				Panama|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Bonaire|Trinidad & Tobago|Brazil	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Ametrida_centurio	0	sciname match	Ametrida_centurio	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Ametrida_centurio	1004995	23	Little White-shouldered Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Noctilionoidea	Phyllostomidae	Stenodermatinae	Stenodermatini	Ametrida	NA	centurio	J. E. Gray	0	Ametrida centurio	Gray, J.E. 1847-04-13. Characters of six new genera of bats not hitherto distinguished. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1847:14-16.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12862799	BMNH:Mamm:1957a	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/2f7aa699-8cae-4dcc-b4a3-66eda75d040b	"Brazils, Para." Restricted by R. L. Peterson in 1965 to Belém, Pará, Brazil.			NA	NA				Panama|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Bonaire|Trinidad and Tobago|Brazil	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Ametrida_centurio	0	sciname match	Ametrida_centurio	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Phyllostomidae	Ametrida		centurio	Gray	1847	0	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	########	Little White-shouldered Bat	minor H. Allen, 1894.	Brazil, Par&aacute;, Belem.	NE Brazil (including Para&iacuteba state), Guianas, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Bonaire Isl (Netherlands Antilles).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/1137/115055683/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976). Distribution maps may be found in Emmons (1997) and Gardner (2007), but do not include the range extension to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil; see Vilar et al. (2015). See also Lee and Dominguez (2000). Morphology of sexually dimorphic traits discussed by Muñoz‑Romo et al. (2022).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	Stenodermatina	Ametrida centurio; Ametrida centurio; Ametrida centurio; Ametrida centurio; Ametrida centurio; Ametrida centurio; minor; centurio; Centurion amétride; Kleine Weil Schulter Fledermaus; Ametrida de cara plana; Little White-shouldered Bat; Little White-shouldered Bat; Little White-shouldered Bat; A. centurio