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(1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L432	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros pygmaeus		[MSW3] bicolor species group.; [HMW] Rhinolophus pygmaeus Waterhouse, 1843 , “ Philippine Islands .” Hipposideros pygmaeus was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  bicolor species group. Probably includes more than one species; see Esselstyn et al. 2012.; [batnames2023]  bicolor species group. Probably includes more than one species; see Esselstyn et al. 2012.; [batnames2025_1.7] bicolorspecies group. Probably includes more than one species; see Esselstyn et al. 2012.														pygmaeus				pygmaeus 	pygmaeus 			pygmaeus (G. R. Waterhouse, 1843)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.		Philippines	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Philippines.	Waterhouse	1843	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1843:67.	Distribution: Restrict ed to the main Philippine islands.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		Philippines	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Waterhouse	1843	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1843:67.		Philippines.	Philippines.		WATERHOUSE	1843	Two lateral leaflets present, anterior one extending anteriorly beneath anterior noseleaf to the median line. Intermediate noseleaf without a median eminence. Posterior noseleaf supported by three septa of equal width, not deeply pocketed. Ears pointed. Size relatively small (fore arm length, 36-40 mm).	Distribution: Restrict ed to the main Philippine islands.	No subspecies.		62	species	H. pygmaeus	WATERHOUSE	1843	Hipposideros	genus	Hipposideros pygmaeus				Two lateral leaflets present, anterior one extending anteriorly beneath anterior noseleaf to the median line. Intermediate noseleaf without a median eminence. Posterior noseleaf supported by three septa of equal width, not deeply pocketed. Ears pointed. Size relatively small (fore arm length, 36-40 mm).	No subspecies.		20. H. pygmaeus (WATERHOUSE 1843) [bicolor group].	20	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Hipposideridae			Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros		pygmaeus	Waterhouse	y	1843		Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1843		67		Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	Philippines.	Philippines except Palawan region.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).		bicolor species group.	03BD87A2C668A21AF89AF71DF3CE5141	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff84ffdac676a204fff8ff9affef4346	257	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/BD/87/03BD87A2C668A21AF89AF71DF3CE5141.xml	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros	pygmaeus		1843	Phyllorhine pygmée @fr | Kleine Philippinen-Rundblattnase @de | Hiposidérido filipino pequeno @es | Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat @en	Rhinolophus pygmaeus Waterhouse, 1843 , “ Philippine Islands .” Hipposideros pygmaeus was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic.	Endemic to Philippines (S Luzon, Polillo, Marinduque , Samar , Panay, Negros, Cebu , Bohol , and N Mindanao).	Head—body 57—73 mm , tail 18—27 mm , ear 11—15 mm , hindfoot 6—8 mm , forearm 37—41 mm ; weight 4 g . Ears of the Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat are triangular, with a broad base, and concave below tip; they are haired for half of their length. Noseleaf is large and complex. Anterior noseleaf is broad and has two pairs of supplementary lateral leaflets. Unlike posterior pair of leaflets, anterior pair meets beneath anterior noseleaf. Inflated intermediate leaf has no median emarginations. Posterior leaf is broad, with semicircular upper margin and with three vertical septa, which from four cells. Frontal sac only present in males. Fur is dark brown with whitish bases on dorsum; on ventral part pelage is brown, darker at base of hairs.	Primary and secondary lowland forest. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat has been reported from sea level up to 200 m .	The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat probably forages in cluttered areas of forest Common prey of this species includes Araneae , Lepidoptera, Diptera, Blattodea, and Psocoptera.	Maternity colonies are found in caves.	The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed bat has been reported roosting in limestone caves and other underground habitats. Call frequency of the F segment is c.95-5 kHz.	The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat is a gregarious species and has been observed in caves, usually roosting in small groups, although large numbers have been reported in some caves.	Classified as Least Concern on IUCNRed List. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat has a relatively wide distribution and its population is thought to be large. In addition, it is considered to be tolerant of a degree of habitat degradation. Potential threats to this species could be disturbance at roosts, cave destruction, deforestation and mining, as well as local hunting in some areas. This species is hunted for food in parts of its range, although this does not seem to heavily harm the species.	Heaney, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998) | Heaney, Balete, Ong, Rosell-Ambal,Tabaranza & Esselstyn (2008) | Hill (1963a) | Ingle & Heaney (1992) | Phelps, Jose et al. (2016) | Tate (1941a)	https://zenodo.org/record/3749209/files/figure.png	86. Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros pygmaeus French: Phyllorhine pygmée / German: Kleine Philippinen-Rundblattnase / Spanish: Hiposidérido filipino pequeno Other common names: Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat Taxonomy. Rhinolophus pygmaeus Waterhouse, 1843 , “ Philippine Islands .” Hipposideros pygmaeus was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to Philippines (S Luzon, Polillo, Marinduque , Samar , Panay, Negros, Cebu , Bohol , and N Mindanao). Descriptive notes. Head—body 57—73 mm , tail 18—27 mm , ear 11—15 mm , hindfoot 6—8 mm , forearm 37—41 mm ; weight 4 g . Ears of the Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat are triangular, with a broad base, and concave below tip; they are haired for half of their length. Noseleaf is large and complex. Anterior noseleaf is broad and has two pairs of supplementary lateral leaflets. Unlike posterior pair of leaflets, anterior pair meets beneath anterior noseleaf. Inflated intermediate leaf has no median emarginations. Posterior leaf is broad, with semicircular upper margin and with three vertical septa, which from four cells. Frontal sac only present in males. Fur is dark brown with whitish bases on dorsum; on ventral part pelage is brown, darker at base of hairs. Habitat. Primary and secondary lowland forest. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat has been reported from sea level up to 200 m . Food and Feeding. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat probably forages in cluttered areas of forest Common prey of this species includes Araneae , Lepidoptera, Diptera, Blattodea, and Psocoptera. Breeding. Maternity colonies are found in caves. Activity patterns. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed bat has been reported roosting in limestone caves and other underground habitats. Call frequency of the F segment is c.95-5 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat is a gregarious species and has been observed in caves, usually roosting in small groups, although large numbers have been reported in some caves. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on IUCNRed List. The Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat has a relatively wide distribution and its population is thought to be large. In addition, it is considered to be tolerant of a degree of habitat degradation. Potential threats to this species could be disturbance at roosts, cave destruction, deforestation and mining, as well as local hunting in some areas. This species is hunted for food in parts of its range, although this does not seem to heavily harm the species. Bibliography. Heaney, Balete, Dolar eta/. (1998), Heaney, Balete, Ong, Rosell-Ambal,Tabaranza & Esselstyn (2008), Hill (1963a), Ingle & Heaney (1992), Phelps, Jose eta/. (2016),Tate (1941a).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Hipposideros		pygmaeus	Waterhouse	1843	1	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1844:07:00	Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	Philippines.	Philippines except Palawan region.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 bicolor species group. Probably includes more than one species; see Esselstyn et al. 2012.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Hipposideros pygmaeus	23	Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	pygmaeus	Waterhouse	1843	1						"Philippine Islands."			pygmaeus (Waterhouse, 1843)	NA	NA	Philippines	Asia	Indomalaya	LC	0	0	0	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	10156	Hipposideros pygmaeus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	Hipposideros	pygmaeus	(Waterhouse, 1843)		20000000	Hipposideros pygmaeus	Least Concern		2019	2018-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	The species is confirmed as Least Concern in view of its relatively wide distribution, tolerance of a degree of habitat modification, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	Specimens have been taken in limestone caves, within or near to lowland forest (Sanborn 1952, Taylor 1934). It might be more tolerant to cave disturbance than was once thought. Forest is regenerating in some parts of this leaf-nosed bats range (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2007).	In the past, much of the species lowland habitat has been destroyed and deforestation continues. There is widespread exploitation of limestone areas for quarrying (D. Balete pers. comm. 2006). Surveys in 2006 on Bohol suggest that H. pygmaeus may be more tolerant to moderate and heavy habitat disturbance than previously thought (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006). It is probable that the species is hunted for food in parts of its range (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006).	This is a widespread species which is generally thought to be rare (Heaney et al. 1998). However, surveys in moderately to heavily disturbed caves on Bohol during 2006 have shown H. pygmaeus to be abundant there (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006).	Unknown	The Philippine pygmy leaf-nosed bat is endemic to the Philippines and has been recorded from sea level to 800 (J. Sedlock pers. comm. 2018) m asl. There are records from Bohol, Cebu (J. Sedlock, FMNH), Luzon (Camarines Sur, Laguna (P. Alviola pers. comm. 2018), Quezon (FMNH), and Rizal provinces, though it possibly occurs through all of southern Luzon (L. Heaney pers. comm.), Marinduque, Oriental Mindoro, Negros, Panay (Heaney et al.  1998), Pollilo (P. Alviola, KU), Samar (KU), and Siquijor (J. Sedlock pers. comm. 2018). A few individuals have recently been captured in Surigao del Sur, eastern Mindanao (Gomez in litt. 2007). It is likely that future surveys will show this species to be more widespread than current records suggest (L. Heaney, D. Balete pers. comm. 2006).		Terrestrial	H. pygmaeus species occurs in a number of protected areas. More adequate protection of known sites is important. Surveys are required on this species to determine its ability to survive in degraded areas.	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		pygmaeus	Waterhouse	1843	1	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1844:07:00	Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	Philippines.	Philippines except Palawan region.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 bicolor species group. Probably includes more than one species; see Esselstyn et al. 2012.	Hipposideros pygmaeus	1004629	23	Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	pygmaeus	Waterhouse	1843	1						"Philippine Islands."			pygmaeus (Waterhouse, 1843)	NA	NA				Philippines	Asia	Indomalaya	LC	0	0	0	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	1004629	23	Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat	Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat|Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	pygmaeus	G. R. Waterhouse	1	Rhinolophus pygmæus	Waterhouse, G.R. 1843-11. Various species of Bats from the Philippine Islands, collected by Hugh Cuming, Esq., Corresponding Member, were placed on the table. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843:66-69.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30680045				"Philippine Islands."			NA	NA				Philippines	Asia	Indomalaya	LC	0	0	0	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_pygmaeus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		pygmaeus	Waterhouse	1843	1	Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.	1844:07:00	Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	Philippines.	Philippines except Palawan region.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/10156/22102078/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	bicolorspecies group. Probably includes more than one species; see Esselstyn et al. 2012.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Hipposideros pygmaeus; Hipposideros pygmaeus; Hipposideros pygmaeus; Hipposideros pygmaeus; Hipposideros pygmaeus; Hipposideros pygmaeus; pygmaeus; Phyllorhine pygmée; Kleine Philippinen-Rundblattnase; Hiposidérido filipino pequeno; Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat; Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat; Philippine Pygmy Roundleaf Bat; Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat; Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat; H. pygmaeus