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authorityParentheses originalNameCombination authoritySpeciesCitation authoritySpeciesLink typeVoucher typeKind typeVoucherURIs typeLocality typeLocalityLatitude typeLocalityLongitude taxonomyNotes taxonomyNotesCitation distributionNotes distributionNotesCitation subregionDistribution countryDistribution continentDistribution biogeographicRealm iucnStatus extinct domestic flagged CMW_sciName diffSinceCMW MSW3_matchtype MSW3_sciName diffSinceMSW3 docOrigin_batnames2025 Family Genus Subgenus Species Author Date Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses) Citation Pages Common Name Synonyms Type Locality Distribution CITES IUCN Comments column3781 column3791 subtribe CONCAT_ALTNAMES line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L424 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet N/A N/A N/A Hipposideros ater [synonym of] Hipposideros ater nicobarulae Hipposideros ater nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae [HMW] Hipposideros nicobarulae G. S. Miller, 1902 , “Little Nicobar Island,” India . Hipposideros nicobarulae is in the ater species group, and was previously considered a subspecies of H. ater . Based on detailed morphometric and craniodental studies, it was raised to species level by B. Douangboubpha and colleagues in 2011. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Formerly included in ater, but apparently distinct (see Douangboupha et al. 2011); [MDD2022] split from H. ater; [IUCN] This species was previously included in Hipposideros ate r, but is now considered distinct following Douangboubpha et al. (2011).; [batnames2023] Formerly included in ater, but apparently distinct (see Douangboupha et al. 2011); [MDD2023] split from H. ater; [MDD2025_2.0] split from H. ater; [batnames2025_1.7] Formerly included in ater, but apparently distinct (see Douangboupha et al. 2011); [MDD2025_2.2] split from H. ater nicobarulae This species was previously included in Hipposideros ate r, but is now considered distinct following Douangboubpha et al. (2011). nicobarulae nicobarulae nicobarulae G. S. Miller, 1902 N/A NA 03BD87A2C66BA219F877F9AEF50A4F20 Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions 978-84-16728-19-0 hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf hash://md5/ff84ffdac676a204fff8ff9affef4346 256 zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/BD/87/03BD87A2C66BA219F877F9AEF50A4F20.xml Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideridae Hipposideros nicobarulae G. S. Miller 1902 Phyllorhine des Nicobar @fr | Nikobaren-Rundblattnase @de | Hiposidérido de Nicobar @es | Nicobar Roundleaf Bat @en Hipposideros nicobarulae G. S. Miller, 1902 , “Little Nicobar Island,” India . Hipposideros nicobarulae is in the ater species group, and was previously considered a subspecies of H. ater . Based on detailed morphometric and craniodental studies, it was raised to species level by B. Douangboubpha and colleagues in 2011. Monotypic. Nicobar Is, India . Ear 15-19 mm, forearm 38-42 mm. Noseleaf of the Nicobar Leafnosed Bat is without lateral supplementary leaflet. Anterior leaf has deep emargination. Intemarial septum is swollen, broader at base and narrower at tip. Rostrum is inflated but only moderately. P2 is small and extruded. Baculum is very small, with a curved shaft and simple base and tips. No information. No information. No information. The Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat has been found roosting in caves and deserted buildings. No information. Not assessed on The IUCN Red List as a separate species from the Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat ( H. ater ), which is classified as Least Concern. Douangboubpha, Bumrungsri, Satasook et al. (2011) | Douangboubpha, Bumrungsri, Soisook, Murray et al. (2010) | Corbet & Hill (1992) | Simmons (2005) https://zenodo.org/record/3749197/files/figure.png 81. Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros nicobarulae French: Phyllorhine des Nicobar / German: Nikobaren-Rundblattnase / Spanish: Hiposidérido de Nicobar Other common names: Nicobar Roundleaf Bat Taxonomy. Hipposideros nicobarulae G. S. Miller, 1902 , “Little Nicobar Island,” India . Hipposideros nicobarulae is in the ater species group, and was previously considered a subspecies of H. ater . Based on detailed morphometric and craniodental studies, it was raised to species level by B. Douangboubpha and colleagues in 2011. Monotypic. Distribution. Nicobar Is, India . Descriptive notes. Ear 15-19 mm, forearm 38-42 mm. Noseleaf of the Nicobar Leafnosed Bat is without lateral supplementary leaflet. Anterior leaf has deep emargination. Intemarial septum is swollen, broader at base and narrower at tip. Rostrum is inflated but only moderately. P2 is small and extruded. Baculum is very small, with a curved shaft and simple base and tips. Habitat. No information. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat has been found roosting in caves and deserted buildings. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The IUCN Red List as a separate species from the Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat ( H. ater ), which is classified as Least Concern. Bibliography. Douangboubpha, Bumrungsri, Satasook et al. (2011), Douangboubpha, Bumrungsri, Soisook, Murray et al. (2010), Corbet & Hill (1992), Simmons (2005) Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022. Hipposideridae Hipposideros nicobarulae Hipposideros nicobarulae Miller 1902 0 Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 37:01:00 Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat None. India, Bay of Bengal, Little Nicobar Island, Nicobar Isls (India). Not listed. Endangered Formerly included in ater, but apparently distinct (see Douangboupha et al. 2011) Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023 Hipposideros nicobarulae 23 Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat Nicobar Roundleaf Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA PTEROPODIFORMES NA NA RHINOLOPHOIDEA HIPPOSIDERIDAE NA NA Hipposideros NA nicobarulae G. S. Miller 1902 0 Hipposideros_nicobarulae Miller, G. S., Jr. (1902). The Mammals of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 24, 781. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/13625/USNMP-24_1269_1902.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y USNM 111874 "Little Nicobar Island," India. nicobarulae G. S. Miller, 1902 split from H. ater Douangboubpha, B., Bumrungsri, S., Satasook, C., Soisook, P., Hla Bu, S. S., Aul, B., ... & Bates, P. J. (2011). A new species of small Hipposideros (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Myanmar and a revaluation of the taxon H. nicobarulae Miller, 1902 from the Nicobar Islands. Acta Chiropterologica, 13(1), 61-78. Nicobar Islands Asia Indomalaya EN 0 0 0 Hipposideros_nicobarulae 0 unmatched NA 1 IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022]. 80000000 Hipposideros nicobarulae ANIMALIA CHORDATA MAMMALIA CHIROPTERA HIPPOSIDERIDAE Hipposideros nicobarulae Miller, 1902 This species was previously included in Hipposideros ate r, but is now considered distinct following Douangboubpha et al. (2011). 100000000 Hipposideros nicobarulae Endangered B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) 2020 2020-07-01 00:00:00 UTC 3.1 English Hipposideros nicobarulae is assessed as Endangered under criterion B2ab(iii) as it is known only from the Nicobar group of islands of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India and its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be between 44â€“52 kmÂ² across at least 11 islands (Douangboubpha et al. 2011, Aul et al. 2014). Its area of occupancy, extent and quality of habitat, and the number of locations/subpopulations are declining. The overall population and number of mature individuals is inferred to be declining due to habitat degradation and loss. Its range is severely fragmented and the species is distributed in 3-5 locations, which are assumed to represent subpopulations, based on the spatial distribution of the islands. It is vulnerable to climate change related effects (sea level rise, strong cyclones); it is suspected to have been significantly impacted to the mass destruction of its habitat from a tsunami in 2004. This species is known to roost in caves (Aul et al. 2014) and as a mixed sex colony in a sea cave (Douangboubpha et al. 2011). It has also been recorded from an abandoned military establishment (Hill 1967) and is assumed to forage in tropical lowland forest habitat. Deforestation is negatively impacting the species forest foraging areas and its cave roosts are inferred to be declining from disturbance. The 2004 tsunami razed over 95% of the Nicobar Islands' mangrove forests (Reddy et al. 2016). Hipposideros nicobarulae ;had its lowland foraging habitats severely damaged by the 2004 tsunami and its ; coastal cave ;roosts in the Nicobar Islands were ;partially or completely submerged, ;either killing bats or forcing them to vacate the caves (Aul et al. 2014). The species is impacted by periodic (May-June) in-cave disturbance due to poachers coming from Myanmar and Thailand to harvest edible swiftlet nests (Aul et al. 2014). Deforestation degrades and eliminates important foraging habitats (Reddy et al. 2016). Climate change brings threats from sea level rise and increased frequency of stronger cyclones where a single storm could severely damage both cave roosts and foraging habitats. The population and number of mature individuals are suspected to be declining due to disturbance at cave-roosts, and loss and degradation of habitat. Its range is severely fragmented and the species is distributed in 3-5 locations, which are assumed to be subpopulations, based on the spatial distribution of the islands. Research and monitoring is needed to confirm the status, distribution, and trend of the species. Decreasing Hipposideros nicobarulae is endemic the Nicobar Islands, India. It is found on at least 11 islands including: Camorta Island, Trinket Island, Katchal Island, Little Nicobar Island, Great Nicobar Island, Tillanchang Island, Chowra Island, Bompoka Island, Teressa Island, and Nancowry Island (Douangboubpha et al. 2011) with a total land area of ca 1,840 kmÂ². Its is located in 3â€“5 locations (subpopulations) based on the spatial distribution of the islands, and its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be between 44â€“52 kmÂ² and is declining. The species is not traded or hunted. Terrestrial The species likely occurs in two (2) protected areas on Great Nicobar and Tillangchong islands. Protection of known roosts from all forms of disturbance and its foraging areas are top priorities. Establishment of proactive conservation programme involving local stakeholders and identiï¬cation of a ï¬‚agship species (Aul 2006). Additional research is needed to ascertain the current status of this species, threats, and its habitats. Indomalayan FALSE FALSE Global Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 Hipposideridae Hipposideros nicobarulae Miller 1902 0 Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 37:01:00 Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat None. India, Bay of Bengal, Little Nicobar Island, Nicobar Isls (India). Not listed. Endangered Formerly included in ater, but apparently distinct (see Douangboupha et al. 2011) Hipposideros nicobarulae 1004622 23 Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat Nicobar Roundleaf Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA PTEROPODIFORMES NA NA RHINOLOPHOIDEA Hipposideridae NA NA Hipposideros NA nicobarulae G. S. Miller 1902 0 Hipposideros_nicobarulae Miller, G. S., Jr. (1902). The Mammals of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 24, 781. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/13625/USNMP-24_1269_1902.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y USNM 111874 "Little Nicobar Island," India. nicobarulae G. S. Miller, 1902 split from H. ater Douangboubpha, B., Bumrungsri, S., Satasook, C., Soisook, P., Hla Bu, S. S., Aul, B., ... & Bates, P. J. (2011). A new species of small Hipposideros (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Myanmar and a revaluation of the taxon H. nicobarulae Miller, 1902 from the Nicobar Islands. Acta Chiropterologica, 13(1), 61-78. Nicobar Islands Asia Indomalaya EN 0 0 0 Hipposideros_nicobarulae 0 unmatched NA 1 Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393 Hipposideros_nicobarulae 1004622 23 Nicobar Roundleaf Bat Nicobar Roundleaf Bat|Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Chiroptera Yinpterochiroptera NA NA Rhinolophoidea Hipposideridae NA NA Hipposideros NA nicobarulae G. S. Miller 0 Hipposideros nicobarulÃ¦ Miller, G.S., Jr. 1902-05-29. The mammals of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 24(1269):751-795. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15782663 USNM:MAMM:111874 holotype http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3a4e74cb3-3592-4a54-9e13-39c97f2565c5 "Little Nicobar Island," India. split from H. ater Douangboubpha, B., Bumrungsri, S., Satasook, C., Soisook, P., Hla Bu, S. S., Aul, B., ... & Bates, P. J. (2011). A new species of small Hipposideros (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Myanmar and a revaluation of the taxon H. nicobarulae Miller, 1902 from the Nicobar Islands. Acta Chiropterologica, 13(1), 61-78. Andaman and Nicobar Islands Asia Indomalaya EN 0 0 0 Hipposideros_nicobarulae 0 unmatched NA 1 Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586 Hipposideridae Hipposideros nicobarulae Miller 1902 0 Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 37:01:00 Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat None. India, Bay of Bengal, Little Nicobar Island, Nicobar Isls (India). Not Listed Endangered Formerly included in ater, but apparently distinct (see Douangboupha et al. 2011) Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505 NA Hipposideros nicobarulae; Hipposideros nicobarulae; Hipposideros nicobarulae; Hipposideros nicobarulae; Hipposideros nicobarulae; nicobarulae; Phyllorhine des Nicobar; Nikobaren-Rundblattnase; Hiposidérido de Nicobar; Nicobar Roundleaf Bat; Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat; Nicobar Roundleaf Bat; Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat; H. nicobarulae