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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L403	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros hypophyllus		[MSW3] bicolor species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).; [HMW] Hipposideros hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994 , “Hanumanahalli village, 15 km E of Kolar Town, 13°09’N- 78°07’E , Kolar District]., Bangalore Region, Karnataka , India .” Hipposideros hypophyllus was previously included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  bicolor species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).; [IUCN] <span lang="EN-US">This species belongs to the bicolor species group (Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012).; [batnames2023]  bicolor species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).; [batnames2025_1.7] bicolorspecies group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).														hypophyllus	<span lang="EN-US">This species belongs to the bicolor species group (Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012).			hypophyllus	hypophyllus			hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994						N/A																																								NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Hipposideridae			Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros		hypophyllus	Kock and Bhat		1994		Senk. Biol.	73		26		Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat	India, Karnataka, Bangalore Region, 15 km E Kolar Town, Hanumanhalli Village (13°09'N, 78°07'E).	S India.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.		bicolor species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).	03BD87A2C66AA218FF5CF7A2FD465305	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff84ffdac676a204fff8ff9affef4346	255	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/BD/87/03BD87A2C66AA218FF5CF7A2FD465305.xml	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros	hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	1994	Phyllorhine du Kolar @fr | Kolar-Rundblattnase @de | Hiposidérido de Kolar @es | Kolar Roundleaf Bat @en | Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat @en	Hipposideros hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994 , “Hanumanahalli village, 15 km E of Kolar Town, 13°09’N- 78°07’E , Kolar District]., Bangalore Region, Karnataka , India .” Hipposideros hypophyllus was previously included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic.	Endemic to S India (Kolar district, Karnataka ), known only from type locality. Previously also on nearby Therahalli, where now absent.	Head-body 40-9—41-7 mm, tail 23-3-24-3 mm, ear 16-7-17-7 mm, hindfoot 6-7-6-9 mm, forearm 38-49 mm. Ears of the Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat are broad. Noseleaf has two lateral supplementary leaflets. Anterior leaf is smoothly rounded, with no emargination. Intemarial septum is broader at base and forms a narrow triangle at tip. Dorsal pelage is grayish brown or rufous brown; ventral area is white to fulvous-white. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 60.	Tropical dry shrubland near villages and agricultural fields. The Kolar Leafnosed Bat can be found at elevations of up to 570 m .	No information.	Pregnant and lactating females were found in late summer.	The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat was documented to accumulate fat in winter, suggesting it may use torpor in colder months. Entire known population of this species roosts in a narrow, inaccessible, subterranean cave on a monolithic granite hill. Echolocation call frequency is 103-105 kHz.	The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat shares roosts with Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bats ( H. durgadasi ), Fulvus Leaf-nosed Bats { H. fulvus ), and Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bats ( H. speoris ).	Classified as Critically Endangered on IUCNRed List. The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat is very rare and found in only one cave, with a population of less than 200 individuals. The major threat is habitat loss due to granite mining.	Chakravarty et al. (2016) | Kock & Bhat (1994) | Srinivasulu, Srinivasulu & Kaur (2016) | Srinivasulu, Srinivasulu, Kaur, Shah et al. (2014)	https://zenodo.org/record/6470445/files/figure.png	75. Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros hypophyllus French: Phyllorhine du Kolar / German: Kolar-Rundblattnase / Spanish: Hiposidérido de Kolar Other common names: Kolar Roundleaf Bat , Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat Taxonomy. Hipposideros hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994 , “Hanumanahalli village, 15 km E of Kolar Town, 13°09’N- 78°07’E , Kolar District]., Bangalore Region, Karnataka , India .” Hipposideros hypophyllus was previously included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unclear and its taxonomy requires further study. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to S India (Kolar district, Karnataka ), known only from type locality. Previously also on nearby Therahalli, where now absent. Descriptive notes. Head-body 40-9—41-7 mm, tail 23-3-24-3 mm, ear 16-7-17-7 mm, hindfoot 6-7-6-9 mm, forearm 38-49 mm. Ears of the Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat are broad. Noseleaf has two lateral supplementary leaflets. Anterior leaf is smoothly rounded, with no emargination. Intemarial septum is broader at base and forms a narrow triangle at tip. Dorsal pelage is grayish brown or rufous brown; ventral area is white to fulvous-white. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 60. Habitat. Tropical dry shrubland near villages and agricultural fields. The Kolar Leafnosed Bat can be found at elevations of up to 570 m . Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Pregnant and lactating females were found in late summer. Activity patterns. The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat was documented to accumulate fat in winter, suggesting it may use torpor in colder months. Entire known population of this species roosts in a narrow, inaccessible, subterranean cave on a monolithic granite hill. Echolocation call frequency is 103-105 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat shares roosts with Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bats ( H. durgadasi ), Fulvus Leaf-nosed Bats { H. fulvus ), and Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bats ( H. speoris ). Status and Conservation. Classified as Critically Endangered on IUCNRed List. The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat is very rare and found in only one cave, with a population of less than 200 individuals. The major threat is habitat loss due to granite mining. Bibliography. Chakravarty et al. (2016), Kock & Bhat (1994), Srinivasulu, Srinivasulu & Kaur (2016), Srinivasulu, Srinivasulu, Kaur, Shah et al. (2014).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Hipposideros		hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	1994	0	Senk. Biol.	######	Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	India, Karnataka, Bangalore Region, 15 km E Kolar Town, Hanumanhalli Village (13°09'N, 78°07'E).	S India.	Not listed.	Critically Endangered	 bicolor species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Hipposideros hypophyllus	23	Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat	Kolar Roundleaf Bat|Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	1994	0						"Hanumanahalli village, 15 km E of Kolar Town, 13°09'N–78°07'E, Kolar Distr[ict]., Bangalore Region, Karnataka, India."	13.15	78.117	hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994	NA	NA	India	Asia	Indomalaya	CR	0	0	0	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	10138	Hipposideros hypophyllus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	Hipposideros	hypophyllus	Kock &; Bhat, 1994	<span lang="EN-US">This species belongs to the bicolor species group (Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012).	20000000	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Critically Endangered	B1ab(iii,iv,v)+2ab(iii,iv,v); C2a(ii)	2016	2015-12-14 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	<p>The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat is now known from only one cave and there is continuing decline in the quality of its roosting habitat on account of illegal and rampant granite mining. Its area of occupancy (AOO) is less than 10 km² and its extent of occurrence (EOO) is less than 100 km². Additionally, the population is estimated at 150-200 individuals. The species is thus listed as Critically Endangered. </p>	<p>This species roosts in a narrow, inaccessible, subterranean cave on a monolithic granite hill. It shares the roost with H. durgadasi , H. fulvus and H. speoris (Srinivasulu et al . 2014). Little is known about its habitat use or ecology. The habitat in the vicinity of the cave is tropical dry shrubland surrounded by villages and agricultural fields (R. Chakravarty pers. obs). Individuals were observed with fat deposits in winter (Srinivasulu et al . 2014) suggesting that they might go through periods of torpor. </p>	<p>This species is imperilled by illegal granite mining occurring in close vicinity of its only known roost in a subterranean cave. Apart from mining itself, bats have also been reported to abandon two other roosts due to fires lit for easier extraction of granite (Srinivasulu et al . 2014). The potentially adverse effects of pesticide use in surrounding human habitation and agricultural fields have yet to be ascertained. </p>	<p>Approximate counts at the only known roost of the species estimate the population to be 150-200 individuals (Srinivasulu et al . 2014). The population trend is inferred to be declining as the current roost count is lower than that reported by Kock and Bhat (1994). </p>	Decreasing	<p>The Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros hypophyllus ) is endemic to India. It is presently known only from one cave in Hanumanahalli village in Kolar district, Karnataka. In addition to Hanumanahalli, it was previously recorded from Therahalli village (also in Kolar district) but its absence in Therahalli and other adjoining areas has been confirmed by Srinivasulu et al . (2014). Thus, its extent of occurrence (EOO) is now less than 100 km² and its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be less than 10 km² based on the average known home ranges of similar-sized bats. </p>		Terrestrial	<p>Hipposideros hypophyllus does not occur in any protected area and is also unprotected in the Indian law. Conservation measures have been initiated by a team of researchers from Osmania University, Hyderabad. A temporary ban on mining has been imposed on the granite hill which harbours the roosting site. The team is also working towards spreading awareness among villagers in Hanumanahalli village (B. Srinivasulu and C. Srinivasulu in litt). There is an urgent need to curb illegal granite mining and quarrying within five to ten kilometre radius of the roost to ensure the quality of other subterranean caves in the area. Meanwhile, widespread cave explorations and acoustic sampling are recommended to understand the distribution of the species. Periodic roost counts and population monitoring are required to assess the population trend. Lastly, it is essential to accord legal protection to H. hypophyllus under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. </p>	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	1994	0	Senk. Biol.	73:26:00	Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	India, Karnataka, Bangalore Region, 15 km E Kolar Town, Hanumanhalli Village (13°09'N, 78°07'E).	S India.	Not listed.	Critically Endangered	 bicolor species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).	Hipposideros hypophyllus	1004605	23	Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat	Kolar Roundleaf Bat|Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	1994	0						"Hanumanahalli village, 15 km E of Kolar Town, 13°09'N–78°07'E, Kolar Distr[ict]., Bangalore Region, Karnataka, India."	13.15	78.11667	hypophyllus Kock & Bhat, 1994	NA	NA				India	Asia	Indomalaya	CR	0	0	0	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	1004605	23	Kolar Roundleaf Bat	Kolar Roundleaf Bat|Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat|Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	0	Hipposideros hypophyllus	Kock, D. and Bhat, H.R. 1994-04-15. _Hipposideros hypophyllus_ n. sp. of the _H. bicolor_-group from peninsular India (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Hipposideridae). Senckenbergiana biologica 73(1-2):25-31.		SMF:MAMM:78338	holotype		"Hanumanahalli village, 15 km E of Kolar Town, 13°09'N–78°07'E, Kolar Distr[ict]., Bangalore Region, Karnataka, India."	13.15	78.11667	NA	NA				India	Asia	Indomalaya	CR	0	0	0	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_hypophyllus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		hypophyllus	Kock & Bhat	1994	0	Senk. Biol.	73:26:00	Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	India, Karnataka, Bangalore Region, 15 km E Kolar Town, Hanumanhalli Village (13°09'N, 78°07'E).	S India.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/10138/22092730/' target='_blank'>Critically Endangered</a>	bicolorspecies group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Hipposideros hypophyllus; Hipposideros hypophyllus; Hipposideros hypophyllus; Hipposideros hypophyllus; Hipposideros hypophyllus; Hipposideros hypophyllus; hypophyllus; Phyllorhine du Kolar; Kolar-Rundblattnase; Hiposidérido de Kolar; Kolar Roundleaf Bat; Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat; Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat; Kolar Roundleaf Bat; Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat; Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat; Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat; H. hypophyllus