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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L400	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	Hipposideros larvatus [synonym of]	Hipposideros larvatus grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros grandis		[MSW3] larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a).; [HMW] Hipposideros larvatits grandis G. M. Allen, 1936 , “Akanti [= Hkamti], upper Chindwin River, Upper Burma [= Myanmar ], 500 feet [= 152 m ].” Hipposideros grandis is in the larvatus species group (5 species). Taxonomic status of this species needs further revision for the clarification of differentiating characters and geographic limits with H. larvatus , particularly the taxon leptophyllus of Assam , north-east India . Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a).; [IUCN] <span lang="EN-US">This bat is a member of the larvatus species group. Previously, it was considered to be conspecific with larvatus but was regarded as a distinct species by Thabah et al . (2006), a view followed by Smith et al. (2008) and Kruskop (2013). However, the taxonomic status of this species still requires further clarification to distinguish it from other taxa in the “larvatus species complex” as well as to define its distributional range.; [batnames2023]  larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a). Material currently referred to grandis likely represents two species and it is not clear which should bear the name grandis ; see Yuzefovich et al. (2022).; [MDD2023] the species limits between H. grandis, H. larvatus, and H. poutensis is currently unresolved and represents a species complex; [MDD2025_2.0] the species limits between H. grandis, H. larvatus, and H. poutensis is currently unresolved and represents a species complex; [batnames2025_1.7] larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a). Material currently referred to grandis likely represents two species and it is not clear which should bear the name grandis; see Yuzefovich et al. (2022).; [MDD2025_2.2] the species limits between H. grandis, H. larvatus, and H. poutensis is currently unresolved and represents a species complex														grandis	<span lang="EN-US">This bat is a member of the larvatus species group. Previously, it was considered to be conspecific with larvatus but was regarded as a distinct species by Thabah et al . (2006), a view followed by Smith et al. (2008) and Kruskop (2013). However, the taxonomic status of this species still requires further clarification to distinguish it from other taxa in the “larvatus species complex” as well as to define its distributional range.	grandis, consonensis 		grandis, consonensis 	grandis, consonensis 	consonensis, grandis		grandis G. M. Allen, 1936|consonensis Kruskop, 2015						N/A																																								_H. g. consonensis_ Крускоп, 2015; _H. g. grandis_ Allen, 1936			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Hipposideridae			Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros		grandis	G. M. Allen		1936		Rec. Indian Mus.	38		345		Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	Burma, Upper Chindwin, Akanti, 300 ft. (91 m).	Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam.	IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001).		larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a).	03BD87A2C67AA208FF57FB47FB1E4E1A	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff84ffdac676a204fff8ff9affef4346	239	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/BD/87/03BD87A2C67AA208FF57FB47FB1E4E1A.xml	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros	grandis	G. M. Allen	1936	Grande Phyllorhine @fr | Grosse Rundblattnase @de | Hiposidérido grande @es | Grand Roundleaf Bat @en	Hipposideros larvatits grandis G. M. Allen, 1936 , “Akanti [= Hkamti], upper Chindwin River, Upper Burma [= Myanmar ], 500 feet [= 152 m ].” Hipposideros grandis is in the larvatus species group (5 species). Taxonomic status of this species needs further revision for the clarification of differentiating characters and geographic limits with H. larvatus , particularly the taxon leptophyllus of Assam , north-east India . Monotypic.	S China ( Yunnan ), Myanmar , NW Thailand , N Laos , and NW Vietnam .	Head-body 69-80 mm, tail 30-45 mm, ear 22-23 mm, hindfoot 10-15 mm, forearm 59-62 mm; weight 17-18 g. The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat is very similar to Horsfield’s Leaf-nosed Bat { H. larvatus ) but generally larger. Pelage is dark brown to orange-reddish brown. There are three supplementary leaflets on each side of noseleaf. Thickened and swollen structure behind posterior leaf is well defined in males. Skull is generally similar to that of Horsfield’s Leaf-nosed Bat, but rather heavily built. Rostral chambers are gready inflated with a pronounced supraorbital depression. C1 and! are large. P2 is small and extruded from tooth row.	The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat can be found in primary forest to semideciduous forest, and disturbed habitats such as orchards. It forages in vegetation around limestone outcrops, in forest understory and open spaces in orchards.	The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat feeds on insects in forest understory.	In Myanmar , females were found lactating in April-May.	The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in limestone caves. Echolocation calls typically have F components terminating with a FM tail. Based on data from upper Myanmar , near the type locality, the frequency of the F part is 86-91 kHz.	In upper Myanmar , the Grand Leafnosed Bat forms small to very large colonies of up to 300 individuals, in caves. Other species that were found in the same roosting cave include the Indian Leaf-nosed Bat ( H. lankadiva ) and unknown small Rhinolophus .	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Although the taxonomic status remains unclear, and it is usually confused with Horsfield’s Leafnosed Bat, the Grand Leaf-nosed Bat is believed to be widespread in Indochina.	Bates, Bumrungsri, Francis & Csorba (2016) | Corbet & Hill (1992) | Dobson (1874) | Francis (20.08a) | Lekagul & McNeely (1988) | Simmons (2005) | Thabah et al. (2006)		31. Grand Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros grandis French: Grande Phyllorhine / German: Grosse Rundblattnase / Spanish: Hiposidérido grande Other common names: Grand Roundleaf Bat Taxonomy. Hipposideros larvatits grandis G. M. Allen, 1936 , “Akanti [= Hkamti], upper Chindwin River, Upper Burma [= Myanmar ], 500 feet [= 152 m ].” Hipposideros grandis is in the larvatus species group (5 species). Taxonomic status of this species needs further revision for the clarification of differentiating characters and geographic limits with H. larvatus , particularly the taxon leptophyllus of Assam , north-east India . Monotypic. Distribution. S China ( Yunnan ), Myanmar , NW Thailand , N Laos , and NW Vietnam . Descriptive notes. Head-body 69-80 mm, tail 30-45 mm, ear 22-23 mm, hindfoot 10-15 mm, forearm 59-62 mm; weight 17-18 g. The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat is very similar to Horsfield’s Leaf-nosed Bat { H. larvatus ) but generally larger. Pelage is dark brown to orange-reddish brown. There are three supplementary leaflets on each side of noseleaf. Thickened and swollen structure behind posterior leaf is well defined in males. Skull is generally similar to that of Horsfield’s Leaf-nosed Bat, but rather heavily built. Rostral chambers are gready inflated with a pronounced supraorbital depression. C1 and! are large. P2 is small and extruded from tooth row. Habitat. The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat can be found in primary forest to semideciduous forest, and disturbed habitats such as orchards. It forages in vegetation around limestone outcrops, in forest understory and open spaces in orchards. Food and Feeding. The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat feeds on insects in forest understory. Breeding. In Myanmar , females were found lactating in April-May. Activity patterns. The Grand Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in limestone caves. Echolocation calls typically have F components terminating with a FM tail. Based on data from upper Myanmar , near the type locality, the frequency of the F part is 86-91 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. In upper Myanmar , the Grand Leafnosed Bat forms small to very large colonies of up to 300 individuals, in caves. Other species that were found in the same roosting cave include the Indian Leaf-nosed Bat ( H. lankadiva ) and unknown small Rhinolophus . Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Although the taxonomic status remains unclear, and it is usually confused with Horsfield’s Leafnosed Bat, the Grand Leaf-nosed Bat is believed to be widespread in Indochina. Bibliography. Bates, Bumrungsri, Francis & Csorba (2016), Corbet & Hill (1992), Dobson (1874), Francis (20.08a), Lekagul & McNeely (1988), Simmons (2005),Thabah eta/. (2006)	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros grandis	Hipposideros		grandis	G. M. Allen	1936	0	Rec. Indian Mus.	43:45:00	Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	Burma, Upper Chindwin, Akanti, 300 ft. (91 m).	Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Hipposideros grandis	23	Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	Grand Roundleaf Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	grandis	G. M. Allen	1936	0						"Akanti [= Hkamti], upper Chindwin River, Upper Burma [= Myanmar], 500 feet [= 152 m]."			grandis G. M. Allen, 1936	NA	NA	China|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam	Asia	Indomalaya	LC	0	0	0	Hipposideros_grandis	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_grandis	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	136478	Hipposideros grandis	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	Hipposideros	grandis	G.M. Allen, 1936	<span lang="EN-US">This bat is a member of the larvatus species group. Previously, it was considered to be conspecific with larvatus but was regarded as a distinct species by Thabah et al . (2006), a view followed by Smith et al. (2008) and Kruskop (2013). However, the taxonomic status of this species still requires further clarification to distinguish it from other taxa in the “larvatus species complex” as well as to define its distributional range.	20000000	Hipposideros grandis	Least Concern		2016	2016-03-28 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its presumed wide distribution, apparent tolerance to habitat disturbance and relative abundance at known sites in Viet Nam. An extensive study through its distributional range is required for a proper confirmation,	Nothing is known about habitat preferences that is unequivocally attributable to this species (Smith et al . 2008).	There are no major threats although the species may be affected by hunting in some parts of its range (C. Francis pers. comm).	As currently defined this is a common bat throughout much of its range (Bates et al . 2008).	Unknown	This species occurs in Yunnan, China (Smith et al. 2008), extending to Myanmar (Akanti, Upper Chindwin), northern Thailand, and northern Viet Nam (Simmons 2005). It can be expected in northern Lao PDR, but this has not been confirmed. Although H. grandis is considered distinct from H. larvatus the geographical range is not clearly understood and it is impossible to draw a range separate from that of larvatus with any degree of confidence.		Terrestrial	It is not known if the species is present in any protected areas. Further studies are needed into the taxonomy, distribution, abundance, and ecology of this species.	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		grandis	G. M. Allen	1936	0	Rec. Indian Mus.	43:45:00	Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	Yes	Burma, Upper Chindwin, Akanti, 300 ft. (91 m).	Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a). Material currently referred to grandis likely represents two species and it is not clear which should bear the name grandis ; see Yuzefovich et al. (2022).	Hipposideros grandis	1004602	23	Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	Grand Roundleaf Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	grandis	G. M. Allen	1936	0						"Akanti [= Hkamti], upper Chindwin River, Upper Burma [= Myanmar], 500 feet [= 152 m]."			grandis G. M. Allen, 1936|consonensis Kruskop, 2015	the species limits between H. grandis, H. larvatus, and H. poutensis is currently unresolved and represents a species complex	Yuzefovich, A. P., Artyushin, I. V., Skopin, A. E., Son, N. T., & Kruskop, S. V. (2022). Taxonomic diversity of the Hipposideros larvatus species complex (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) in mainland Asia. Zootaxa, 5200(1), 73-95.				China|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam	Asia	Indomalaya	LC	0	0	0	Hipposideros_grandis	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_grandis	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Hipposideros_grandis	1004602	23	Grand Roundleaf Bat	Grand Roundleaf Bat|Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	grandis	G. M. Allen	0	Hipposideros larvatus grandis	Allen, G.M. 1936. Two new races of Indian bats. Records of the Indian Museum 38:343-346.		ZSI 10666	holotype		"Akanti [= Hkamti], upper Chindwin River, Upper Burma [= Myanmar], 500 feet [= 152 m]."			the species limits between H. grandis, H. larvatus, and H. poutensis is currently unresolved and represents a species complex	Yuzefovich, A. P., Artyushin, I. V., Skopin, A. E., Son, N. T., & Kruskop, S. V. (2022). Taxonomic diversity of the Hipposideros larvatus species complex (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) in mainland Asia. Zootaxa, 5200(1), 73-95.				China|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam	Asia	Indomalaya	LC	0	0	0	Hipposideros_grandis	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_grandis	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		grandis	G. M. Allen	1936	0	Rec. Indian Mus.	43:45:00	Grand Leaf-nosed Bat	Yes	Burma, Upper Chindwin, Akanti, 300 ft. (91 m).	Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136478/21986047/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	larvatus species group. Distinct from larvatus; see Kitchener and Maryanto (1993a). Material currently referred to grandis likely represents two species and it is not clear which should bear the name grandis; see Yuzefovich et al. (2022).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Hipposideros grandis; Hipposideros grandis; Hipposideros grandis; Hipposideros grandis; Hipposideros grandis; Hipposideros grandis; grandis; Grande Phyllorhine; Grosse Rundblattnase; Hiposidérido grande; Grand Roundleaf Bat; Grand Leaf-nosed Bat; Grand Roundleaf Bat; Grand Leaf-nosed Bat; Grand Leaf-nosed Bat; H. grandis