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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L391	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros cineraceus [synonym of]	Hipposideros cineraceus durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros durgadasi		[MSW3] bicolor species group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).; [HMW] Hipposideros cineraceus durgadosi Khajuria, 1970 , near Katungi village, Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh , India . Hipposideros durgadasi was classified as a form of H. cineraceus , but is currently considered a distinct species. It was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unknown and requires further study. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  bicolor species group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed byBates and Harrison (1997).; [IUCN] This species belongs to bicolor species group. Earlier it was considered a form of Hipposideros cineraceus Blyth, 1853, but it is now accepted as a distinct species (Topál 1975, Khajuria 1982, Simmons 2005).; [batnames2023]  bicolor species group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed byBates and Harrison (1997).; [batnames2025_1.7] bicolorspecies group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed byBates and Harrison (1997).														durgadasi	This species belongs to bicolor species group. Earlier it was considered a form of Hipposideros cineraceus Blyth, 1853, but it is now accepted as a distinct species (Topál 1975, Khajuria 1982, Simmons 2005).			durgadasi 	durgadasi 			durgadasi Khajuria, 1970						N/A							Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		C India; refs. 4.34, 35																															NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Hipposideridae			Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros		durgadasi	Khajuria		1970		Mammalia	64		623		Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	India, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur Dist., near Katungi village.	C India.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.		bicolor species group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997).	03BD87A2C66CA21EF89FFEEFF4484896	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff84ffdac676a204fff8ff9affef4346	253	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/BD/87/03BD87A2C66CA21EF89FFEEFF4484896.xml	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros	durgadasi	Khajuria	1970	Phyllorhine de Durga Das @fr | Durga-Das-Rundblattnase @de | Hiposidérido de Durga Das @es | Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat @en	Hipposideros cineraceus durgadosi Khajuria, 1970 , near Katungi village, Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh , India . Hipposideros durgadasi was classified as a form of H. cineraceus , but is currently considered a distinct species. It was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unknown and requires further study. Monotypic.	Known only from a few localities in N & S India , including Mirzapur district in Uttar Pradesh ,Jabalpur district in Madhya Pradesh , and Kolar district in Karnataka .	Head-body 36-4-41-2 mm, tail 21-2-24-5 mm, ear 12-7-15 mm, hindfoot 5-1— 7 mm , forearm 34-4—37-5 mm. Ears and forearm of Durga Das’s Leafnosed Bat are larger than those of the Least Leaf-nosed Bat { H. cineraceus ). Noseleaf is simple with no supplementary leaflets. Anterior leaf has median emargination that presents short black hair. Intermediate leaf is smaller than anterior and posterior ones, and has a pair ofvibrissae on each side. Long black hair is present on convex upper edge of intermediate leaf. Posterior leaf has three septa that form three cells. Behind posterior leaf there are two pairs of vibrissae. Males present an unpronounced frontal sac, which is even less noticeable in females. On dorsum, fur is whitish or pale brown at base and brownish-reddish on distal portion; ventral pelage is creamcolored basally, pale brown distally.	Tropical and subtropical dry forest habitats, at elevations of 347-1100 m.	Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat is thought to forage in dry deciduous and thorn forests. It is an insectivorous species that feeds mainly on beedes, crickets, and other small insects.	Maternity colonies are probably composed of several tens of individuals. Generation length is probably c.5 years.	Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in underground caves and artificial cave systems in hills, and under large granite blocks.	Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat is gregarious, forming colonies of several individuals (usually more than 100). It has been reported in monospecific colonies but also as sharing its roost with other bat species, such as the Fulvus Leaf-nosed Bat (AE fulvus ), the Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (AE hypophyllus ), Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bat ( H. speoris ), and the Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat ( Rhinopoma hardwickiî).	Classified as Vulnerable on 77zr IUCNRed List. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat was previously classified as Endangered, but recent reports in new localities have extended its range and led to a change in its category. Its estimated range of occurrence is currently 114,335 km 2 and its area of occupancy is estimated at less than 2000 km 2. One of the major threats to this species is granite extraction through illegal mining.	Bates & Harrison (1997) | Kamalakannan et al. (2018) | Kaur et al. (2014) | Khajuria (1970) | Mishra & Dookia (2016) | Simmons (2005) | Srinivasulu, C. et al. (2010) | Topal (1975)	https://zenodo.org/record/6470441/files/figure.png	69. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros durgadasi French: Phyllorhine de Durga Das / German: Durga-Das-Rundblattnase I Spanish: Hiposidérido de Durga Das Other common names: Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat Taxonomy. Hipposideros cineraceus durgadosi Khajuria, 1970 , near Katungi village, Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh , India . Hipposideros durgadasi was classified as a form of H. cineraceus , but is currently considered a distinct species. It was formerly included in the bicolor species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unknown and requires further study. Monotypic. Distribution. Known only from a few localities in N & S India , including Mirzapur district in Uttar Pradesh ,Jabalpur district in Madhya Pradesh , and Kolar district in Karnataka . Descriptive notes. Head-body 36-4-41-2 mm, tail 21-2-24-5 mm, ear 12-7-15 mm, hindfoot 5-1— 7 mm , forearm 34-4—37-5 mm. Ears and forearm of Durga Das’s Leafnosed Bat are larger than those of the Least Leaf-nosed Bat { H. cineraceus ). Noseleaf is simple with no supplementary leaflets. Anterior leaf has median emargination that presents short black hair. Intermediate leaf is smaller than anterior and posterior ones, and has a pair ofvibrissae on each side. Long black hair is present on convex upper edge of intermediate leaf. Posterior leaf has three septa that form three cells. Behind posterior leaf there are two pairs of vibrissae. Males present an unpronounced frontal sac, which is even less noticeable in females. On dorsum, fur is whitish or pale brown at base and brownish-reddish on distal portion; ventral pelage is creamcolored basally, pale brown distally. Habitat. Tropical and subtropical dry forest habitats, at elevations of 347-1100 m. Food and Feeding. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat is thought to forage in dry deciduous and thorn forests. It is an insectivorous species that feeds mainly on beedes, crickets, and other small insects. Breeding. Maternity colonies are probably composed of several tens of individuals. Generation length is probably c.5 years. Activity patterns. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in underground caves and artificial cave systems in hills, and under large granite blocks. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat is gregarious, forming colonies of several individuals (usually more than 100). It has been reported in monospecific colonies but also as sharing its roost with other bat species, such as the Fulvus Leaf-nosed Bat (AE fulvus ), the Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (AE hypophyllus ), Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bat ( H. speoris ), and the Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat ( Rhinopoma hardwickiî). Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on 77zr IUCNRed List. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat was previously classified as Endangered, but recent reports in new localities have extended its range and led to a change in its category. Its estimated range of occurrence is currently 114,335 km 2 and its area of occupancy is estimated at less than 2000 km 2. One of the major threats to this species is granite extraction through illegal mining. Bibliography. Bates & Harrison (1997), Kamalakannan eta/. (2018), Kaur eta/. (2014), Khajuria (1970), Mishra & Dookia (2016), Simmons (2005), Srinivasulu, C. eta/. (2010),Topal (1975).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros durgadasi	Hipposideros		durgadasi	Khajuria	1970	0	Mammalia	74:23:00	Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	India, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur Dist., near Katungi village.	C India.	Not listed.	Vulnerable	 bicolor species group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed byBates and Harrison (1997).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Hipposideros durgadasi	23	Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	durgadasi	Khajuria	1970	0						near Katungi village, Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh, India.			durgadasi Khajuria, 1970	NA	NA	India	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Hipposideros_durgadasi	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_durgadasi	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	10131	Hipposideros durgadasi	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	Hipposideros	durgadasi	Khajuria, 1970	This species belongs to bicolor species group. Earlier it was considered a form of Hipposideros cineraceus Blyth, 1853, but it is now accepted as a distinct species (Topál 1975, Khajuria 1982, Simmons 2005).	20000000	Hipposideros durgadasi	Vulnerable	B2ab(iii)	2016	2015-12-16 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	<p>Hiposideros durgadasi was previously listed as Endangered because at the time its area of occupancy (AOO) was calculated at less than 500 km² and its extent of occurrence (EOO) was less than 5,000 km², with all individuals in fewer than five locations, and a continuing decline in its habitat quality. After it has been recently reported from newer localities, its range has been extended by more than 1,300 km²<sup></sup>. Now that its AOO is less than 2,000 km² and its EOO is 114,335 km², it is listed as Vulnerable.</p>	<p>This species is colonial, roosting in colonies of several individuals in ;both small and large cave systems ;and is also found beneath large granite boulders and subterranean caves. It shares its roost with other species of bats, but is also reported roosting purely in a cave (Kaur et al. 2014). The foraging habitat is dry tropical deciduous forest and tropical thorn forest. It feeds on beetles, crickets, and other small insects (Khajuria 1970, Bates and Harrison 1997).</p>	<p>This species is threatened by habitat loss, largely due to stone quarrying operations (C. Srinivasulu 2007, pers. comm). The subterranean caves in Kolar District, Karnataka are facing great threat due to illegal granite mining. This activity is presently progressing to within a few hundred feet from the roost of this species, endangering its population and those from congeners that share this roost (Kaur et al. 2014).<span lang="EN-US"> It might additionally be threatened by general disturbance of roosting caves.</p>	<p>Khajuria (1970) reported it to be uncommon and reported this species from six different roosts in three different villages in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh. Kaur et al. (2014) reported this species from two different villages in Kolar district of Karnataka state. In Hanumanahalli village the species was found roosting in subterranean caves and shared the roost with Hipposideros fulvus, Hipposideros hypophyllus, Hipposideros speoris and Rhinopoma hardwickii . In Therahalli village there were pure colonies of H. durgadasi .</p>	Decreasing	<p>This species is endemic to India and was earlier known only from the villages of Katangi, Katanga and Richhai in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh (Khajuria 1970). Surveys in the early 1990s in Madhya Pradesh by the Zoological Survey of India did not record this species in places other than the above (M.K. Ghosh and Tarapada Bhattacharyya pers. comm. 2007).</p> <p>In 2005, the presence of bats was not recorded from four similar caves during a survey, other than the caves they are reported from at the type locality in the district of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (Sumit Dookia pers. comm. 2015). However, a cave survey in 2013 recorded this species from Katangi and Katanga village but not from Richhai (Rohit Chakravarty pers. comm. 2015). A recent survey confirmed the presence of this species in Hanumanahalli and Therahalli villages of Kolar district in Karnataka (Kaur et al . 2014). This confirmation extends the known distribution range of the species by more than 1,300 km²<sup></sup>. It has been recorded from elevations ranging from 347 to 900 m asl.</p>		Terrestrial	<p>There are no direct conservation measures in place for Hipposideros durgadasi , as it is not protected in the Indian law. The species has not been recorded from any protected areas. Further studies are needed into the taxonomy, distribution, abundance, reproduction and ecology of this species. Populations of this species should be monitored to record changes in abundance and distribution. Further studies on Hipposideros cineraceus, H. ater and ater like taxa are very important to confirm the distribution of Hipposideros durgadasi from India. More extensive surveys are needed to reveal the actual distribution range of this endemic species. The information about its occurrence in central India, which is the type locality has not been validated in the last thirty years. Studies emphasizing the range extension of the species throughout the country are needed. There should be a lawful ban imposed on the illegal granite mining in the Kolar district which harbours a good population. ;There is a need to protect roost sites for this species, and overall habitat maintenance, conservation and restoration are needed. Public awareness campaigns need to be taken up to mitigate further threats to this highly restricted range species (Molur et al. 2002).</p>	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		durgadasi	Khajuria	1970	0	Mammalia	74:23:00	Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	India, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur Dist., near Katungi village.	C India.	Not listed.	Vulnerable	 bicolor species group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed byBates and Harrison (1997).	Hipposideros durgadasi	1004595	23	Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	durgadasi	Khajuria	1970	0						near Katungi village, Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh, India.			durgadasi Khajuria, 1970	NA	NA				India	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Hipposideros_durgadasi	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_durgadasi	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Hipposideros_durgadasi	1004595	23	Durga Das's Roundleaf Bat	Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat|Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Hipposideridae	NA	NA	Hipposideros	NA	durgadasi	Khajuria	0	Hipposideros cineraceus durgadasi	Khajuria, H. 1970. A new leaf-nosed bat from central India. Mammalia 34(4):622-627.	https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1970.34.4.622	ZSI V1906	holotype		near Katungi village, Jabalpur District, Madhya Pradesh, India.			NA	NA				India	Asia	Indomalaya	VU	0	0	0	Hipposideros_durgadasi	0	sciname match	Hipposideros_durgadasi	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Hipposideridae	Hipposideros		durgadasi	Khajuria	1970	0	Mammalia	74:23:00	Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat	None.	India, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur Dist., near Katungi village.	C India.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/10131/22090631/' target='_blank'>Vulnerable</a>	bicolorspecies group. Formerly included in cineraceus, but see see Topál (1975), Khajuria (1982), and Corbet and Hill (1992). Reviewed byBates and Harrison (1997).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Hipposideros durgadasi; Hipposideros durgadasi; Hipposideros durgadasi; Hipposideros durgadasi; Hipposideros durgadasi; Hipposideros durgadasi; durgadasi; Phyllorhine de Durga Das; Durga-Das-Rundblattnase; Hiposidérido de Durga Das; Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat; Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat; Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat; Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat; Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat; H. durgadasi