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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L342	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga leachii		[MSW2] Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976:14). Includes alticola Davis, 1944, by synonymy; see Webster and Jones (1980:4). See Webster and Jones (1984, Mammalian Species, 226).; [MSW3] Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola; see Webster and Jones (1980). See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.; [HMW] Monophyllus leachii J. E. Gray in Hinds, 1844, Realejo, Chinandeja, Nicaraa W. D. Webster and J. K. Jones, Jr. in 1980 recognized leachii as a distinct species of Glossophaga , after examination of the holotype. At that point, it was thought to include, as junior synonyms, G. soricina alticola named by W. B. Davis in 1944 and G. morenoi , which is now recognized as a valid species. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Originally considered a subspecies of soricina ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola ; see Webster and Jones (1980).See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.; [IUCN] Originally considered a subspecies of soricina .; [batnames2023] Originally considered a subspecies of soricina ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola ; see Webster and Jones (1980).See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.; [batnames2025_1.7] Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola; see Webster and Jones (1980).See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.				morenoi, alticola	(alticola)	alticola, caudifer.			alticola, caudifer			leachii 	leachii - alticola, caudifer	leachii, caudifer, alticola	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina .	leachii 	leachii - alticola, caudifer	leachii, caudifer, alticola	leachii, leachi, alticola	leachii	leachii- alticola, caudifer	leachii (J. E. Gray, 1844)|leachi Tomes, 1862 [incorrect subsequent spelling]|alticola W. B. Davis, 1944					Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Glossophaga leachii	Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	Gray	1844	Mammalia, in Zool. Voy. H. M. S. "Sulfur," 1:18.	Distribution: Confined largely to the Pacific side of Middle America from southern Mexico to Costa Rica.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Davis's long-tongued bat	C Mexico – Costa Rica; ref. 4.47	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gray	1844	Mammalia, in Zool. Voy. "Sulfur," 1:18.	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976:14). Includes alticola Davis, 1944, by synonymy; see Webster and Jones (1980:4). See Webster and Jones (1984, Mammalian Species, 226).	Costa Rica to Guerrero, Morelos, and Tlaxcala (Mexico); Colima and Jalisco (Mexico).	Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.		GRAY	1844	Upper incisors not procumbent, subequal to one another in size. Lower incisors moderately developed but separate, equal to one another in size. Winglike lateral processes of pterygoids present. Presphenoid ridge well developed. Basisphenoid pits deep. Anterior border of premaxillae rounded. Rostrum shorter than braincase. Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-39 mm; condylobasal length, 17-20 mm).	Distribution: Confined largely to the Pacific side of Middle America from southern Mexico to Costa Rica.	No subspecies.		80	species	G. leachii	GRAY	1844	Glossophaga	genus	Glossophaga leachii				Upper incisors not procumbent, subequal to one another in size. Lower incisors moderately developed but separate, equal to one another in size. Winglike lateral processes of pterygoids present. Presphenoid ridge well developed. Basisphenoid pits deep. Anterior border of premaxillae rounded. Rostrum shorter than braincase. Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-39 mm; condylobasal length, 17-20 mm).	No subspecies.		3. G. leachii (GRAY 1844) (= morenoi MARTINEZ & VILLA 1938; alticola DAVIS 1944).	3	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaginae	Glossophagini	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga		leachii	Gray		1844		Mammalia, in Zool. Voy. "Sulfur,"	1		18		Gray's Long-tongued Bat	Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	Costa Rica north to Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Tlaxcala, and Colima (Mexico).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	alticola Davis, 1944; caudifer Gray, 1847.	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola; see Webster and Jones (1980). See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.		Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0					Glossophaga leachii	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaga	leachii	J. E. Gray	1844	French: Glossophage de Leach / German: Leach-Blitenfledermaus / Spanish: Gloséfago de Leach	Monophyllus leachii J. E. Gray in Hinds, 1844, Realejo, Chinandeja, Nicaraa W. D. Webster and J. K. Jones, Jr. in 1980 recognized leachii as a distinct species of Glossophaga , after examination of the holotype. At that point, it was thought to include, as junior synonyms, G. soricina alticola named by W. B. Davis in 1944 and G. morenoi , which is now recognized as a valid species. Monotypic.	From C Mexico (Jalisco, Colima, Michoacan, Morelos, and Tlaxcala) S along the Pacific versant and associate highlands to NW Costa Rica	Head-body 49-61 mm, tail 5-11 mm, ear 12-15 mm, hindfoot 9-13 mm, forearm 35-39 mm; weight 9-11 g. Relative to external measurements, Gray's Long-tongued Batis the largest species of Glossophaga in Middle America. Dorsal hairs are bicolored, with light bases and dark tips; venter is conspicuously frosted. Dorsal fur is generally cinnamon-brown to olive-brown; venter is dull grayish brown (hazel-brown) to drab. Braincase is domed, and slope of rostrum is relatively abrupt. Rostrum and tongue are long, and noseleafis short, reduced, and triangular. Dental characteristics that differentiate Gray’s Long-tongued Bat from the Western Longtongued Bat ( G. morenoi ) are that, in the latter,size of I' is very similar to I? and clearly procumbent. Mandibular incisors are reduced, with occlusal surface almost circular and large median gap between pairs; there are small gaps between inner and outer teeth. X-chromosome is medium-sized metacentric, and Y-chromosome is minute acrocentric	Relatively xeric Pacific slopes in dry tropical, tropical deciduous, and pineoak forests, with marginal records barely extending into more mesic interior tropical evergreen forests from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2380 m. Gray’s Long-tongued Bat is usually mist-netted over streams orin fields of cultivated plants	Gray's L.ong-tongued Bat preferably feeds on nectar and pollen.It visits flowers of Pseudobombax spp. ( Malvaceae ) and Ipomoea spp. ( Convolvulaceae ). It might eat some fleshy softfruits	Pregnant females, each with one embryo, have been recorded in February, April, June-September, and November and lactating females in February-March, June, and November. Gray's Long-tongued Bat seems to be bimodal polyestrous	Gray's Long-tongued Bats are nocturnal and roost in caves, culverts, and human constructions	Home range and Social organization. Gray's Long-tongued Bats were found sharing a cave in Morelos with a single Mexican Long-tongued Bat ( Choeronycteris mexicana	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List	Alvarez (1966), Davis (1944), Gardner (1986), Hoffmann & Baker (2001), Martinez & Villa (1938), Miller (1913b), Reid (2009), Villa (1964), Webster (1993), Webster & Jones (1980, 1984a).	https://zenodo.org/record/6458756	51. Gray's Long-tongued Bat Glossophaga leachii French: Glossophage de Leach / German: Leach-Blitenfledermaus / Spanish: Gloséfago de Leach Taxonomy. Monophyllus leachii J. E. Gray in Hinds, 1844, Realejo, Chinandeja, Nicaraa W. D. Webster and J. K. Jones, Jr. in 1980 recognized leachii as a distinct species of Glossophaga , after examination of the holotype. At that point, it was thought to include, as junior synonyms, G. soricina alticola named by W. B. Davis in 1944 and G. morenoi , which is now recognized as a valid species. Monotypic. Distribution. From C Mexico (Jalisco, Colima, Michoacan, Morelos, and Tlaxcala) S along the Pacific versant and associate highlands to NW Costa Rica Descriptive notes. Head-body 49-61 mm, tail 5-11 mm, ear 12-15 mm, hindfoot 9-13 mm, forearm 35-39 mm; weight 9-11 g. Relative to external measurements, Gray's Long-tongued Batis the largest species of Glossophaga in Middle America. Dorsal hairs are bicolored, with light bases and dark tips; venter is conspicuously frosted. Dorsal fur is generally cinnamon-brown to olive-brown; venter is dull grayish brown (hazel-brown) to drab. Braincase is domed, and slope of rostrum is relatively abrupt. Rostrum and tongue are long, and noseleafis short, reduced, and triangular. Dental characteristics that differentiate Gray’s Long-tongued Bat from the Western Longtongued Bat ( G. morenoi ) are that, in the latter,size of I' is very similar to I? and clearly procumbent. Mandibular incisors are reduced, with occlusal surface almost circular and large median gap between pairs; there are small gaps between inner and outer teeth. X-chromosome is medium-sized metacentric, and Y-chromosome is minute acrocentric Habitat. Relatively xeric Pacific slopes in dry tropical, tropical deciduous, and pineoak forests, with marginal records barely extending into more mesic interior tropical evergreen forests from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2380 m. Gray’s Long-tongued Bat is usually mist-netted over streams orin fields of cultivated plants Food and Feeding. Gray's L.ong-tongued Bat preferably feeds on nectar and pollen.It visits flowers of Pseudobombax spp. ( Malvaceae ) and Ipomoea spp. ( Convolvulaceae ). It might eat some fleshy softfruits Breeding. Pregnant females, each with one embryo, have been recorded in February, April, June-September, and November and lactating females in February-March, June, and November. Gray's Long-tongued Bat seems to be bimodal polyestrous Activity patterns. Gray's Long-tongued Bats are nocturnal and roost in caves, culverts, and human constructions Movements, Home range and Social organization. Gray's Long-tongued Bats were found sharing a cave in Morelos with a single Mexican Long-tongued Bat ( Choeronycteris mexicana Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List Bibliography. Alvarez (1966), Davis (1944), Gardner (1986), Hoffmann & Baker (2001), Martinez & Villa (1938), Miller (1913b), Reid (2009), Villa (1964), Webster (1993), Webster & Jones (1980, 1984a).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaga leachii	Glossophaga		leachii	Gray	1844	0	Mammalia, in Zool. Voy. "Sulfur,"	1:18	Gray's Long-tongued Bat	 alticola Davis, 1944; caudifer Gray, 1847.	Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	Costa Rica north to Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Tlaxcala, and Colima (Mexico).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola ; see Webster and Jones (1980).See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Glossophaga leachii	23	Gray's Long-tongued Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	GLOSSOPHAGINAE	GLOSSOPHAGINI	Glossophaga	NA	leachii	J. E. Gray	1844	1	Monophyllus_Leachii	Gray, J. E. (1844). In Hinds, R. B. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur: under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, during the years 1836-1842. Vol. 1. Smith, Elder, London, 18.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/123691#page/40/mode/1up	BM 1842.8.17.17		Realejo, Chinandeja, Nicaragua.			leachii J. E. Gray, 1844|caudifer (J. E. Gray, 1847)|alticola W. B. Davis, 1944	NA	NA	Mexico|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica	North America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Glossophaga_leachii	0	sciname match	Glossophaga_leachii	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	9274	Glossophaga leachii	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PHYLLOSTOMIDAE	Glossophaga	leachii	Gray, 1844	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina .	100000000	Glossophaga leachii	Least Concern		2016	2016-07-04 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern in because of its wide distribution, presumed large population, occurrence in a number of protected areas, tolerance to some degree of habitat modification, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.	This species occurs in thorn scrub, deciduous and pine-oak forest, occasionally recorded in evergreen forest and agricultural areas (Reid 2009). Its biology probably is similar to G. soricina , a species better known. The roosts include caves, buildings, and culverts. Similar to other species in the genus, it depends on a combination of nectar, pollen, fruits and insects (Ceballos and Oliva 2005). Flowers visited by this species include Pseudobombax and Ipomeas . The reproduction does not appear to be seasonal (Webster and Jones 1984, Reid 2009).	There are no specific significant threats to this species. Habitat loss, human induced fire, persecution are localized threats.	It is fairly common through most of its distribution (Reid 2009). However, it is rare in Costa Rica (Rodriguez-Herrera pers. comm.) and not so common in Nicaragua (Medina pers. comm.). In Mexico it can be locally rare (Ceballos and Oliva 2005).	Stable	This species is known from Costa Rica north to Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Tlaxcala, and Colima (Mexico) (Simmons 2005). It occurs from lowlands to 2,400 m (Reid 2009).		Terrestrial	The species can be found in protected areas.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaga		leachii	Gray	1844	0	Mammalia, in Zool. Voy. "Sulfur,"	1:18	Gray's Long-tongued Bat	 alticola Davis, 1944; caudifer Gray, 1847.	Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	Costa Rica north to Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Tlaxcala, and Colima (Mexico).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina ; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola ; see Webster and Jones (1980).See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.	Glossophaga leachii	1004910	23	Gray's Long-tongued Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	NOCTILIONOIDEA	Phyllostomidae	GLOSSOPHAGINAE	GLOSSOPHAGINI	Glossophaga	NA	leachii	J. E. Gray	1844	1	Monophyllus_Leachii	Gray, J. E. (1844). In Hinds, R. B. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur: under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, during the years 1836-1842. Vol. 1. Smith, Elder, London, 18.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/123691#page/40/mode/1up	BM 1842.8.17.17		Realejo, Chinandeja, Nicaragua.			leachii J. E. Gray, 1844|caudifer (J. E. Gray, 1847)|alticola W. B. Davis, 1944	NA	NA				Mexico|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica	North America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Glossophaga_leachii	0	sciname match	Glossophaga_leachii	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Glossophaga_leachii	1004910	23	Gray's Long-tongued Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Noctilionoidea	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaginae	Glossophagini	Glossophaga	NA	leachii	J. E. Gray	1	Monophyllus Leachii	Gray, J.E. 1844. Mammalia. Pp. 9–36 in Hinds, R.B. The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, R.N., C.B., F.R.G.S., etc. during the years 1836–42. Vol. I. Smith, Elder and Co., London, not continuously paginated pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40019995	BMNH:Mamm:1842.8.17.17	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/690a606c-969a-49b7-9423-aa5813092434	Realejo, Chinandeja, Nicaragua.			NA	NA				Mexico|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica	North America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Glossophaga_leachii	0	sciname match	Glossophaga_leachii	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Phyllostomidae	Glossophaga		leachii	Gray	1844	1	Mammalia, in Zool. Voy. "Sulfur,"	1:18	Gray's Long-tongued Bat	alticola Davis, 1944; caudifer Gray, 1847.	Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	Costa Rica north to Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Tlaxcala, and Colima (Mexico).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/9274/128959800/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola; see Webster and Jones (1980).See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Glossophaga leachii; Glossophaga leachii; Glossophaga leachii; Glossophaga leachii; Glossophaga leachii; Glossophaga leachii; alticola; caudifer; alticola; caudifer; leachii; caudifer; alticola; French: Glossophage de Leach / German: Leach-Blitenfledermaus / Spanish: Gloséfago de Leach; Gray's Long-tongued Bat; Gray's Long-tongued Bat; Gray's Long-tongued Bat; G. leachii