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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L332	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Glauconycteris superba	Chalinolobus superbus	Glauconycteris superba	Chalinolobus superbus	Chalinolobus superbus	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris superba		[MSW2] Subgenus Glauconycteris.; [MSW3] Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers. comm.).; [HMW] Glauconycteris superba Hayman, 1939 , Pawa, ca. 45 km ENE Medje, Ituri District, DR Congo . Despite being placed in its own genus (Noumbaha) based on unique pelage, superba is phylogenetically embedded in Glauconycters. It 1s sister to a clade including all other species of Glauconycteris , except G. variegata . Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Formerly included in Glauconycteris but transferred to the new genus Niumbaha by Reeder et al. (2013). Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers.comm.).; [MDD2022] moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris; [IUCN] Synonym = Chalinolobus superbus .; [batnames2023] Formerly included in Glauconycteris but transferred to the new genus Niumbaha by Reeder et al. (2013). Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers.comm.).; [MDD2023] moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris; [MDD2025_2.0] moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris; [batnames2025_1.7] Formerly included in Glauconycteris but transferred to the new genus Niumbaha by Reeder et al. (2013). Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers.comm.).; [MDD2025_2.2] moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris						sheila.	sheila, superbus		sheila			superba 	superba - sheila	superba, sheila	Synonym = Chalinolobus superbus .	superba 	superba - sheila	superba, sheila 	superba, sheila 	superba	superba- sheila	superba Hayman, 1939|sheila Hayman, 1947		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Pied bat	Ghana, NE Zaire	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Chalinolobus superbus	Zaire, Oriental, Ituri Dist., Pawa.	Hayman	1939	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 3:219-223.	Distribution: Ranging in forested regions from Ivory Coast to Uganda.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Pied bat	Ivory Coast, Ghana, NE Zaire	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Hayman	1939	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 11, 3:219.	Subgenus Glauconycteris.	Ivory Coast, Ghana, NE Zaire.	Zaire, Oriental, Ituri Dist., Pawa.		HAYMAN	1939	Plagiopatagium and uropatagium dark in color, without reticulations. Fur black, strikingly marked with white spots and stripes. Ear pinna relatively large and rounded. Size relatively large (forearm length, 46-47 mm). Inner upper incisor unicuspid.	Distribution: Ranging in forested regions from Ivory Coast to Uganda.	Two subspecies are currently recognized:	C.s. sheila (Ivory Coast, Ghana), C.s. superbus (Uganda, northeastern Zaire).	125	species	C. superbus	HAYMAN	1939	Glauconycteris	subgenus	Chalinolobus superbus				Plagiopatagium and uropatagium dark in color, without reticulations. Fur black, strikingly marked with white spots and stripes. Ear pinna relatively large and rounded. Size relatively large (forearm length, 46-47 mm). Inner upper incisor unicuspid.	Two subspecies are currently recognized:		15. C. superbus (HAYMAN 1939).	15	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Vespertilionini	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris		superba	Hayman		1939		Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 11	3		219		Pied Butterfly Bat	Dem. Rep. Congo, Oriental, Ituri Dist., Pawa.	Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, NE Dem. Rep. Congo.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable as Chalinolobus superbus.	sheila Hayman, 1947.	Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers. comm.).	4C3D87E8FFB16A0EFF4E956F1F66B1FC	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	832	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFB16A0EFF4E956F1F66B1FC.xml	Glauconycteris superba	Vespertilionidae	Glauconycteris	superba	Hayman	1939	Glauconyctére pie @fr | Schwarzwei Re Schmetterlingsfledermaus @de | Glauconicteriopastel @es | Badger Bat @en | Pied Bat @en | Superb Butterfly Bat @en	Glauconycteris superba Hayman, 1939 , Pawa, ca. 45 km ENE Medje, Ituri District, DR Congo . Despite being placed in its own genus (Noumbaha) based on unique pelage, superba is phylogenetically embedded in Glauconycters. It 1s sister to a clade including all other species of Glauconycteris , except G. variegata . Monotypic.	Known from a few localities in W Ivory Coast , S Ghana , SW South Sudan , and NE DR Congo . Record from Budongo Forest, W Uganda , does not represent G. superba .	Head-body ¢.49-63 mm (two specimens), tail 3749 mm , ear 13 mm , hindfoot 8-3 mm (one specimen), forearm 42-6-47-7 mm; weight 13-5-19 g. Females are slightly larger than males. Pelage is dense and soft, with 6-7 mm mid-dorsal hairs. Dorsal pelageis black, with white markings comprising one spot on nose and two on forehead next to each ear, backward-pointing subtriangular band on each side of mid-dorsal line, narrow dorsal flank-stripe on each side, and either three spots in row or one short line on each shoulder. Ventral pelage has broad white band across throat, extending laterally to shoulders and then along each side of belly to anal region, with chin, flanks, and midventral region black. Ears are separated and subquadrangular. Tragusis very broad, with posterior margin distinctly curved with small basal lobule. Wings and uropatagium are dorsally blackish, without reticulation, and ventrally with pale reticulation. Elbows, knees, and anklesare black or pale. Tibia is long (c.19-21 mm) compared with other congeners. Head is high-domed, and muzzle is short, broad, and flattish. Skull is comparatively very large and robust; profile of forehead is strongly concave compared with other Glauconycterss. Sagittal crest is low. I? is unicuspid. Lower incisors aretricuspid or with four cusps and crowded.	Closed lowland tropical moist forests and semideciduous forests at periphery of evergreen lowland rainforests at elevations of ¢.360-720 m.	No information.	On Mbiye Island, north-eastern DR Congo , two of four females captured in December were lactating.	Pied Butterfly Bats emitted calls alternating between two distinct frequencies, with the following values from DR Congo : type A, minimum frequencies of 20-5-25-1 kHz, maximum frequencies of 29.1-57 kHz, and durations of 3-1-9-6 milliseconds, and type B, minimum frequencies of 27-3-31-3 kHz, maximum frequencies of 38-8-73-3 kHz, and durations of 4-10-1 milliseconds.	No information.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Pied Butterfly Bat is known from less than ten individuals in areas that are now very degraded and fragmented, especially in West Africa. Major threats include habitat loss from logging and agriculture. Population size is unknown, butits trend is inferred to be declining, suggesting a classification in a threatened category or as Data Deficient would be more appropriate.	Fahr (2013w) | Hassanin et al. (2018) | Hayman (1947b) | Ing et al. (2016) | Reeder et al. (2013) | Rosevear (1965)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398079/files/figure.png	147. Pied Butterfly Bat Glauconycteris superba French: Glauconyctére pie / German: SchwarzweiRe Schmetterlingsfledermaus / Spanish: Glauconicterio pastel Other common names: Badger Bat , Pied Bat , Superb Butterfly Bat Taxonomy. Glauconycteris superba Hayman, 1939 , Pawa, ca. 45 km ENE Medje, Ituri District, DR Congo . Despite being placed in its own genus (Noumbaha) based on unique pelage, superba is phylogenetically embedded in Glauconycters. It 1s sister to a clade including all other species of Glauconycteris , except G. variegata . Monotypic. Distribution. Known from a few localities in W Ivory Coast , S Ghana , SW South Sudan , and NE DR Congo . Record from Budongo Forest, W Uganda , does not represent G. superba . Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢.49-63 mm (two specimens), tail 3749 mm , ear 13 mm , hindfoot 8-3 mm (one specimen), forearm 42-6-47-7 mm; weight 13-5-19 g. Females are slightly larger than males. Pelage is dense and soft, with 6-7 mm mid-dorsal hairs. Dorsal pelageis black, with white markings comprising one spot on nose and two on forehead next to each ear, backward-pointing subtriangular band on each side of mid-dorsal line, narrow dorsal flank-stripe on each side, and either three spots in row or one short line on each shoulder. Ventral pelage has broad white band across throat, extending laterally to shoulders and then along each side of belly to anal region, with chin, flanks, and midventral region black. Ears are separated and subquadrangular. Tragusis very broad, with posterior margin distinctly curved with small basal lobule. Wings and uropatagium are dorsally blackish, without reticulation, and ventrally with pale reticulation. Elbows, knees, and anklesare black or pale. Tibia is long (c.19-21 mm) compared with other congeners. Head is high-domed, and muzzle is short, broad, and flattish. Skull is comparatively very large and robust; profile of forehead is strongly concave compared with other Glauconycterss. Sagittal crest is low. I? is unicuspid. Lower incisors aretricuspid or with four cusps and crowded. Habitat. Closed lowland tropical moist forests and semideciduous forests at periphery of evergreen lowland rainforests at elevations of ¢.360-720 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. On Mbiye Island, north-eastern DR Congo , two of four females captured in December were lactating. Activity patterns. Pied Butterfly Bats emitted calls alternating between two distinct frequencies, with the following values from DR Congo : type A, minimum frequencies of 20-5-25-1 kHz, maximum frequencies of 29.1-57 kHz, and durations of 3-1-9-6 milliseconds, and type B, minimum frequencies of 27-3-31-3 kHz, maximum frequencies of 38-8-73-3 kHz, and durations of 4-10-1 milliseconds. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Pied Butterfly Bat is known from less than ten individuals in areas that are now very degraded and fragmented, especially in West Africa. Major threats include habitat loss from logging and agriculture. Population size is unknown, butits trend is inferred to be declining, suggesting a classification in a threatened category or as Data Deficient would be more appropriate. Bibliography. Fahr (2013w), Hassanin et al. (2018), Hayman (1947b), Ing et al. (2016), Reeder et al. (2013), Rosevear (1965).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Glauconycteris superba	Glauconycteris		superba	Hayman	1939	0	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 11, 3: 219	Pied Butterfly Bat	 sheila Hayman, 1947.	Dem. Rep. Congo, Oriental, Ituri Dist., Pawa.	Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, NE Dem. Rep. Congo.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Formerly included in Glauconycteris but transferred to the new genus Niumbaha by Reeder et al. (2013). Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers.comm.).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Glauconycteris superba	23	Pied Butterfly Bat	Badger Bat|Pied Bat|Superb Butterfly Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Glauconycteris	NA	superba	Hayman	1939	0	Glauconycteris_superba	Hayman, R. W. (1939). Two new mammals from the Belgian Congo. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 11, 3(14), 219.	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03745481.1939.9723594	RMCA 14765		Pawa, ca. 45 km ENE Medje, Ituri District, DR Congo.			superba Hayman, 1939|sheila Hayman, 1947	moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris	Reeder, D. M., Helgen, K. M., Vodzak, M. E., Lunde, D. P., & Ejotre, I. (2013). A new genus for a rare African vespertilionid bat: insights from South Sudan. ZooKeys, (285), 89-115.|Hassanin, A., Colombo, R., Gembu, G. C., Merle, M., Tu, V. T., Görföl, T., ... & Ing, R. K. (2018). Multilocus phylogeny and species delimitation within the genus Glauconycteris (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae), with the description of a new bat species from the Tshopo Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56(1), 1-22.	Côte d'Ivoire|Ghana|South Sudan|Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Glauconycteris_superba	0	sciname match	Glauconycteris_superba	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	44799	Glauconycteris superba	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Glauconycteris	superba	(Hayman, 1939)	Synonym = Chalinolobus superbus .	20000000	Glauconycteris superba	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	This species is associated with 'heavy' or closed lowland tropical moist forest (Rosevear 1965; Hayman and Hill 1971). It is not known if the species can adapt to habitat degradation.	As it has only been recorded from closed forest, it may be threatened by deforestation due to general logging and conversion of land to agricultural use.	It is currently known only from three specimens. It is very rare, or at least rarely collected (Hayman and Hill 1971; Grubb et al . 1998).	Unknown	This little known African bat has been recorded from Côte d'Ivoire (locality not given) (Peterson and Smith 1973); from Oda in Oda Province, Ghana (Hayman 1947; Grubb et al. 1998); and from the Ituri Forest in northeastern Congo. It has previously been reported to occur in Uganda, however, this is now considered to be in error. It may be present in Sierra Leone, however, it has yet to have been recorded in this country (Grubb et al. 1998).		Terrestrial	There appear to be no direct conservation measures in place for this species. It may be protected within the Ituri Forest, although this needs to be confirmed. There is a need for further directed field surveys to better determine the distribution, natural history and possible threats to this species.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Glauconycteris		superba	Hayman	1939	0	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 11, 3: 219	Pied Butterfly Bat	 sheila Hayman, 1947.	Dem. Rep. Congo, Oriental, Ituri Dist., Pawa.	Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, NE Dem. Rep. Congo.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Formerly included in Glauconycteris but transferred to the new genus Niumbaha by Reeder et al. (2013). Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers.comm.).	Glauconycteris superba	1005546	23	Pied Butterfly Bat	Badger Bat|Pied Bat|Superb Butterfly Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Glauconycteris	NA	superba	Hayman	1939	0	Glauconycteris_superba	Hayman, R. W. (1939). Two new mammals from the Belgian Congo. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 11, 3(14), 219.	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03745481.1939.9723594	RMCA 14765		Pawa, ca. 45 km ENE Medje, Ituri District, DR Congo.			superba Hayman, 1939|sheila Hayman, 1947	moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris	Reeder, D. M., Helgen, K. M., Vodzak, M. E., Lunde, D. P., & Ejotre, I. (2013). A new genus for a rare African vespertilionid bat: insights from South Sudan. ZooKeys, (285), 89-115.|Hassanin, A., Colombo, R., Gembu, G. C., Merle, M., Tu, V. T., Görföl, T., ... & Ing, R. K. (2018). Multilocus phylogeny and species delimitation within the genus Glauconycteris (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae), with the description of a new bat species from the Tshopo Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56(1), 1-22.				Côte d'Ivoire|Ghana|South Sudan|Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Glauconycteris_superba	0	sciname match	Glauconycteris_superba	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Glauconycteris_superba	1005546	23	Pied Butterfly Bat	Badger Bat|Pied Bat|Superb Butterfly Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Nycticeiini	Glauconycteris	NA	superba	Hayman	0	Glauconycteris superba	Hayman, R.W. 1939-02-01. Two new mammals from the Belgian Congo. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (11)3(14):219-224.	https://doi.org/10.1080/03745481.1939.9723594	RMCA 14765	holotype		Pawa, ca. 45 km ENE Medje, Ituri District, DR Congo.			moved from Glauconycteris to the newly described Niumbaha, then was moved back to Glauconycteris	Reeder, D. M., Helgen, K. M., Vodzak, M. E., Lunde, D. P., & Ejotre, I. (2013). A new genus for a rare African vespertilionid bat: insights from South Sudan. ZooKeys, (285), 89-115.|Hassanin, A., Colombo, R., Gembu, G. C., Merle, M., Tu, V. T., Görföl, T., ... & Ing, R. K. (2018). Multilocus phylogeny and species delimitation within the genus Glauconycteris (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae), with the description of a new bat species from the Tshopo Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56(1), 1-22.				Cote d'Ivoire|Ghana|South Sudan|Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Glauconycteris_superba	0	sciname match	Glauconycteris_superba	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Glauconycteris		superba	Hayman	1939	0	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 11, 3: 219	Pied Butterfly Bat	sheila Hayman, 1947.	Dem. Rep. Congo, Oriental, Ituri Dist., Pawa.	Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, NE Dem. Rep. Congo.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44799/22069930/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Formerly included in Glauconycteris but transferred to the new genus Niumbaha by Reeder et al. (2013). Although sheila is sometimes recognized as a subspecies, it might represent only a color variant (Rosevear, 1965; J. Fahr, pers.comm.).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Glauconycteris superba; Glauconycteris superba; Glauconycteris superba; Glauconycteris superba; Glauconycteris superba; Glauconycteris superba; sheila; sheila; superba; sheila; Glauconyctére pie; Schwarzwei Re Schmetterlingsfledermaus; Glauconicteriopastel; Badger Bat; Pied Bat; Superb Butterfly Bat; Pied Butterfly Bat; Badger Bat; Pied Bat; Superb Butterfly Bat; Pied Butterfly Bat; Pied Butterfly Bat; G. superba