http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L311	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis	Eumops perotis		[MSW2] Includes trumbulli; see Koopman (1978b:22); but also see Eger (1977:53).; [MSW3] Does not include trumbulli; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of this taxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species.; [HMW] Molossus perotis Schinz, 1821 , “ Brasilien .” Restricted by C. C. Sanborn in 1932 to “Villa San Salvador, Campos des Goaytocasas, Rio Parahyba , Brazil .” Distributions of the two subspecies of E. perotis are highly disjunct, which might suggest distinct species. Two species recognized.; [batnames2022] Does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of thistaxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species.; [IUCN] This taxonomic concept does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of this taxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species (Simmons 2005).; [batnames2023] Does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of thistaxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species.; [batnames2025_1.7] Does not include trumbulli; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of thistaxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species. For Chilean records see Rodríguez-San Pedro et al. (2023).		(trumbulli)		trumbulli	(trumbulli)	californicus, gigas, renataes, trumbulli.	trumbulli, perotis, californicus, gigas	perotis, californicus, gigas	renatae	perotis, californicus		perotis, californicus, gigas	perotis - renatae	perotis, gigas, californicus, renatae	This taxonomic concept does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of this taxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species (Simmons 2005).	perotis, californicus, gigas	perotis - renatae	perotis, gigas, californicus, renatae	perotis, gigas, californicus, renatae	californicus, gigas, perotis	perotis - renatae	perotis (H. R. Schinz, 1821)|gigas (W. C. H. Peters, 1865)|californicus (C. H. Merriam, 1890)|renatae Pirlot, 1965		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Greater mastiff-bat	S USA – C Mexico, Venezuela – N Argentina, Cuba; ref. 4.6	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Eumops perotis	Brazil, Rio de Janiero, Campos do Goita Cazes, Villa Sao Salvador.	Schinz	1821	Thierreich, 1:870.	Distribution: Ranging from the southwestern United States to central Mexico; also from northern Venezuela to southwestern Peru, northern Argentina, and eastern Brazil; probably also in Cuba.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Greater mastiff-bat (? gigas)	SW USA – N Mexico, Venezuela – N Argentina; ? Cuba	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Schinz	1821	In Cuvier, Das Thierreich, 1:870.	Includes trumbulli; see Koopman (1978b:22); but also see Eger (1977:53).	California and Texas (USA) to Zacatecas and Hidalgo (Mexico); Colombia to N Argentina and E Brazil; Cuba.	Brazil, Rio de Janiero, Campos do Goita Cazes, Villa Sao Salvador.		SCHINZ	1821	Last upper molar considerably reduced. Basisphenoid pits relatively deep. Size relatively large (forearm length, 67-84 mm). Ears relatively long. Tragus broad and square.	Distribution: Ranging from the southwestern United States to central Mexico; also from northern Venezuela to southwestern Peru, northern Argentina, and eastern Brazil; probably also in Cuba.	Four subspecies are recognized here:	E. p. trumbulli (Amazon-Orinoco basin and Guianas), E. p. perotis (remaining South American range), E.p. californicus (North American range), E.p. gigas (Cuba, if the record is valid.)	144	species	E. perotis	SCHINZ	1821	Eumops	genus	Eumops perotis				Last upper molar considerably reduced. Basisphenoid pits relatively deep. Size relatively large (forearm length, 67-84 mm). Ears relatively long. Tragus broad and square.	Four subspecies are recognized here:		8. E. perotis (SCHINZ 1821).	8	_E. p. californicus_ (Merriam, 1890); _E. p. perotis_ (Schinz, 1821) (synonyms: _gigas_ (Peters, 1865), _renatae_ Pirlot, 1965)			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Molossidae	Molossinae		Eumops perotis	Eumops		perotis	Schinz	y	1821		In Cuvier, Das Thierreich	1		870		Greater Bonneted Bat	Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Campos do Goita Cazes, Villa São Salvador.	California to Texas (USA), south to Zacatecas and Hidalgo (Mexico); N Venezuela, W Ecuador and W Peru, Bolivia, N Argentina, Paraguay, and E Brazil; Cuba.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	renatae Pirlot, 1965; californicus Merriam, 1890; gigas Peters, 1864.	Does not include trumbulli; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of this taxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species.	194287C9FFB2BA1EB483F015B440FBA6	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Molossidae_598.pdf.imf	hash://md5/e57bffb1ffbcba10b412f760b226ffce	633	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/19/42/87/194287C9FFB2BA1EB483F015B440FBA6.xml	Eumops perotis	Molossidae	Eumops	perotis		1821	Eumope de Schinz @fr | Schinz-Bulldogfledermaus @de | Eumops de Schinz @es | Greater Bonneted Bat @en | Greater Mastiff Bat @en | Western Mastiff Bat @en	Molossus perotis Schinz, 1821 , “ Brasilien .” Restricted by C. C. Sanborn in 1932 to “Villa San Salvador, Campos des Goaytocasas, Rio Parahyba , Brazil .” Distributions of the two subspecies of E. perotis are highly disjunct, which might suggest distinct species. Two species recognized.	E.p.perotisSchinz,1821—scatteredrecordsfromSouthAmericainNVenezuela,SWEcuador,SWPeru,NBolivia,Paraguay,NArgentina,andEBrazil. E. p. californicus Merriam, 1890 — SW USA and N Mexico .	Head-body 100-120 mm, tail 53-71 mm, ear 34-52 mm, hindfoot 14-19 mm, forearm 72-83 mm; weight 52-76 g. See general characteristics of the genus under the Black Bonneted Bat ( E. auripendulus ). Fur of the Western Bonneted Bat is grayish brown on back and slightly paler on venter. Ears extend beyond nose tip. Tragus is well developed and square-shaped. Lips are smooth and thick. Gular gland is well developed in adult males. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 48 and FN = 56 in Mexico and 2n = 48 and FN = 58 in Brazil .	Open dry habitats, farmland, and urban areas from 60 m below sea level in California to elevations of ¢. 3200 m in the Peruvian Andes. The Western Bonneted Bat occurs in low-growing chaparral of California, similar scrublands mixed with riparian woodland in New Mexico, dense stands of mesquite ( Prosopis , Fabaceae ) and willow ( Salix , Salicaceae ) in Texas, wetter tropical vegetation in south-western valleys of Zacatecas State in Mexico, and montane subtropical forests in Argentina .	In Mexico , fecal samples of Western Bonneted Bats contained locusts ( Orthoptera ), spiders ( Araneae ), and bees (Apoidea). It also feeds on ants, moths, grasshoppers, dragonflies, leaf insects, beetles, and cicadas.	Parturition of Western Bonneted Bats occurs in June-August in the USA . Pregnant females were found in January and nursing females in September in Mexico; pregnant females were found in June-July in Texas . Juveniles were caught in July in California and December in Argentina .	Western Bonneted Bats can be active in a roost at any time but begin to move closer to the opening during afternoon and become vocal. They usually emerge 50-75 minutes after dusk and drop from the roost before attaining lift to fly off. They usually forage for several hours before returning to roosts before sunrise. They roost in tree holes, rock crevices, palm trees, caves, tunnels, bridges, and roofs of houses at least 2 m aboveground to enable them to take flight. Predators include peregrine falcon ( Falco peregrinus), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), and common barn-owl (7yto alba).	The Western Bonneted Bat has been documented to move among three day roosts in crevices on a cliff face in California . Colonies of up to 100 individuals have been reported in the USA , but it also roosts alone. It is also known to roost with other species of bats in Mexico , including the Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus), the Gray Sac-winged Bat ( Balantiopteryx plicata ), the Arizona Myotis ( Myotis occultus ), and the Brazilian Free-tailed Bat ( Tadarida brasiliensis ). It has not been caught in June-August and December in Mexico , which suggests absence in summer and winter and migratory behavior, but extent of movements is unknown. Most roosts are not occupied throughout the year, suggesting that dispersal is common; however, in southern California and Arizona, it has been documented in every month of the year except January.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust.	Aragon (2014) | Baker (1970a) | Barquez & Diaz (2001) | Barquez et al. (1999) | Best et al. (1996) | Eger (1977 2008) | Krutzsch (1955) | Mares et al. (1996) | Morielle-Versute et al. (1996) | Sanborn (1932b) | Smith & Genoways (1969)	https://zenodo.org/record/6418348/files/figure.png	38. Western Bonneted Bat Eumops perotis French: Eumope de Schinz / German: Schinz-Bulldogfledermaus / Spanish: Eumops de Schinz Other common names: Greater Bonneted Bat , Greater Mastiff Bat , Western Mastiff Bat Taxonomy. Molossus perotis Schinz, 1821 , “ Brasilien .” Restricted by C. C. Sanborn in 1932 to “Villa San Salvador, Campos des Goaytocasas, Rio Parahyba , Brazil .” Distributions of the two subspecies of E. perotis are highly disjunct, which might suggest distinct species. Two species recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. E.p.perotisSchinz,1821—scatteredrecordsfromSouthAmericainNVenezuela,SWEcuador,SWPeru,NBolivia,Paraguay,NArgentina,andEBrazil. E. p. californicus Merriam, 1890 — SW USA and N Mexico . Descriptive notes. Head-body 100-120 mm, tail 53-71 mm, ear 34-52 mm, hindfoot 14-19 mm, forearm 72-83 mm; weight 52-76 g. See general characteristics of the genus under the Black Bonneted Bat ( E. auripendulus ). Fur of the Western Bonneted Bat is grayish brown on back and slightly paler on venter. Ears extend beyond nose tip. Tragus is well developed and square-shaped. Lips are smooth and thick. Gular gland is well developed in adult males. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 48 and FN = 56 in Mexico and 2n = 48 and FN = 58 in Brazil . Habitat. Open dry habitats, farmland, and urban areas from 60 m below sea level in California to elevations of ¢. 3200 m in the Peruvian Andes. The Western Bonneted Bat occurs in low-growing chaparral of California, similar scrublands mixed with riparian woodland in New Mexico, dense stands of mesquite ( Prosopis , Fabaceae ) and willow ( Salix , Salicaceae ) in Texas, wetter tropical vegetation in south-western valleys of Zacatecas State in Mexico, and montane subtropical forests in Argentina . Food and Feeding. In Mexico , fecal samples of Western Bonneted Bats contained locusts ( Orthoptera ), spiders ( Araneae ), and bees (Apoidea). It also feeds on ants, moths, grasshoppers, dragonflies, leaf insects, beetles, and cicadas. Breeding. Parturition of Western Bonneted Bats occurs in June-August in the USA . Pregnant females were found in January and nursing females in September in Mexico; pregnant females were found in June-July in Texas . Juveniles were caught in July in California and December in Argentina . Activity patterns. Western Bonneted Bats can be active in a roost at any time but begin to move closer to the opening during afternoon and become vocal. They usually emerge 50-75 minutes after dusk and drop from the roost before attaining lift to fly off. They usually forage for several hours before returning to roosts before sunrise. They roost in tree holes, rock crevices, palm trees, caves, tunnels, bridges, and roofs of houses at least 2 m aboveground to enable them to take flight. Predators include peregrine falcon ( Falco peregrinus), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), and common barn-owl (7yto alba). Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Western Bonneted Bat has been documented to move among three day roosts in crevices on a cliff face in California . Colonies of up to 100 individuals have been reported in the USA , but it also roosts alone. It is also known to roost with other species of bats in Mexico , including the Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus), the Gray Sac-winged Bat ( Balantiopteryx plicata ), the Arizona Myotis ( Myotis occultus ), and the Brazilian Free-tailed Bat ( Tadarida brasiliensis ). It has not been caught in June-August and December in Mexico , which suggests absence in summer and winter and migratory behavior, but extent of movements is unknown. Most roosts are not occupied throughout the year, suggesting that dispersal is common; however, in southern California and Arizona, it has been documented in every month of the year except January. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust. Bibliography. Aragon (2014), Baker (1970a), Barquez & Diaz (2001), Barquez et al. (1999), Best et al. (1996), Eger (1977 2008), Krutzsch (1955), Mares et al. (1996), Morielle-Versute et al. (1996), Sanborn (1932b), Smith & Genoways (1969).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Molossidae	Eumops perotis	Eumops		perotis	Schinz	1821	1	In Cuvier, Das Thierreich	0.6458	Greater Bonneted Bat	 renatae Pirlot, 1965; <b> californicus </b> Merriam, 1890; <b>gigas</b>  Peters, 1864.	Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Campos do Goita Cazes, Villa S&atilde;oSalvador.	California to Texas (USA), south to Zacatecas and Hidalgo (Mexico); N Venezuela, W Ecuador and W Peru, Bolivia, N Argentina, Paraguay, and E Brazil; Cuba.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of thistaxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Eumops perotis	23	Western Bonneted Bat	Greater Bonneted Bat|Greater Mastiff Bat|Western Mastiff Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	MOLOSSIDAE	MOLOSSINAE	NA	Eumops	NA	perotis	Schinz	1821	1	Molossus_perotis	Schinz, H. R. (1821). In G. Cuvier. Das Thierreich, eingetheilt nach dem Bau der Thiere als Grundlage ihrer Naturgeschichte und der vergleichenden Anatomie von den Herrn Ritter von Cuvier Erster Band, Säugethiere und Vögel. Stuttgart and Tubingen, 870.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/210202#page/916/mode/1up	AMNH 435		"Brasilien." Restricted by C. C. Sanborn in 1932 to "Villa San Salvador, Campos des Goaytocasas, Rio Parahyba, Brazil."			perotis (Schinz, 1821)|gigas (W. Peters, 1864)|californicus (Merriam, 1890)|renatae Pirlot, 1965	NA	NA	United States|Mexico|Venezuela|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia|Brazil|Paraguay|Argentina	North America|South America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Eumops_perotis	0	sciname match	Eumops_perotis	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	8247	Eumops perotis	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	MOLOSSIDAE	Eumops	perotis	(Schinz, 1821)	This taxonomic concept does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of this taxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species (Simmons 2005).	100000000	Eumops perotis	Least Concern		2015	2015-07-20 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.	The habitat consists of extensive open areas with potential roost sites having vertical faces to drop off from and take flight, such as crevices in rock outcroppings and cliff faces, tunnels and tall buildings. This species inhabits various types of open, semi-arid to arid habitats (Cockrum 1960, Allen 1987, Best et al. 1996, ;Ahlborn 2000). It ;is an insectivore (Barquez et al. 1993).	It uses only select drinking sites and is severely limited by the availability of drinking water. Due to its wing structure, it is unable to drink from water sources less than 30 m long. As a consequence, Western Mastiff Bats are no longer found in many previously occupied areas and subpopulations may be in decline (Acker 2001).	This species is non-migratory (Best et al. 1996), although in Mexico apparently is a migratory species (Aragon 2005). It is a common species (Barquez pers. comm.).	Decreasing	This species occurs from California to Texas (USA), south to Zacatecas and Hidalgo (Mexico), in western Peru, Bolivia, northern Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and Cuba (Simmons 2005). The distribution includes Misiones in Argentina and all of Paraguay and exclude southern tip of distribution in Argentina (Barquez et al. 2006). The Cuban material may be misidentified (Mancina pers. comm.). It also includes south Colombia.	This species is not used.	Terrestrial	The recommended conservation action is to avoid loss of drinking sites and habitat. It is found in protected areas.	Nearctic|Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Molossidae	Eumops		perotis	Schinz	1821	1	In Cuvier, Das Thierreich	0.645833	Greater Bonneted Bat	 renatae Pirlot, 1965; <b> californicus </b> Merriam, 1890; <b>gigas</b>  Peters, 1864.	Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Campos do Goita Cazes, Villa S&atilde;oSalvador.	California to Texas (USA), south to Zacatecas and Hidalgo (Mexico); N Venezuela, W Ecuador and W Peru, Bolivia, N Argentina, Paraguay, and E Brazil; Cuba.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Does not include trumbulli ; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of thistaxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species.	Eumops perotis	1005187	23	Western Bonneted Bat	Greater Bonneted Bat|Greater Mastiff Bat|Western Mastiff Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Molossidae	MOLOSSINAE	NA	Eumops	NA	perotis	Schinz	1821	1	Molossus_perotis	Schinz, H. R. (1821). In G. Cuvier. Das Thierreich, eingetheilt nach dem Bau der Thiere als Grundlage ihrer Naturgeschichte und der vergleichenden Anatomie von den Herrn Ritter von Cuvier Erster Band, Säugethiere und Vögel. Stuttgart and Tubingen, 870.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/210202#page/916/mode/1up	AMNH 435		"Brasilien." Restricted by C. C. Sanborn in 1932 to "Villa San Salvador, Campos des Goaytocasas, Rio Parahyba, Brazil."			perotis (Schinz, 1821)|gigas (W. Peters, 1864)|californicus (Merriam, 1890)|renatae Pirlot, 1965	NA	NA			USA(CA,NV,AZ,NM,TX)	United States|Mexico|Venezuela|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia|Brazil|Paraguay|Argentina	North America|South America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Eumops_perotis	0	sciname match	Eumops_perotis	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Eumops_perotis	1005187	23	Western Bonneted Bat	Greater Bonneted Bat|Greater Mastiff Bat|Western Mastiff Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Molossidae	Molossinae	NA	Eumops	NA	perotis	H. R. Schinz	1	Molossus Perotis	Schinz, H.R. 1821. Das Thierreich eingetheilt nach dem Bau der Thiere als Grundlage ihrer Naturgeschichte und der vergleichenden Anatomie. J. G. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart, 894 pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51529631	AMNH MS-435	holotype	http://portal.vertnet.org/o/amnh/mammals?id=urn-catalog-amnh-mammals-ms-435	"Brasilien." Restricted by C. C. Sanborn in 1932 to "Villa San Salvador, Campos des Goaytocasas, Rio Parahyba, Brazil."			NA	Rodríguez-San Pedro, A., Pacheco, J. A., Beltrán, C., Allendes, J. L., & Ugarte-Núñez, J. A. (2023). Eumops perotis (Schinz, 1821)(Chiroptera, Molossidae): a new genus and species for Chile revealed by acoustic surveys. Mammalia, 87(3), 283-287.			USA(CA,NV,AZ,NM,TX)	United States|Mexico|Venezuela|Ecuador|Peru|Bolivia|Brazil|Paraguay|Argentina|Chile	North America|South America	Nearctic|Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Eumops_perotis	0	sciname match	Eumops_perotis	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Molossidae	Eumops		perotis	Schinz	1821	1	In Cuvier, Das Thierreich	0.645833	Greater Bonneted Bat	renatae Pirlot, 1965; californicus Merriam, 1890; gigas  Peters, 1864.	Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Campos do Goita Cazes, Villa S&atilde;oSalvador.	California to Texas (USA), south to Zacatecas and Hidalgo (Mexico); N Venezuela, W Ecuador and W Peru, Bolivia, N Argentina, Paraguay, and E Brazil; Cuba.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8247/97207171/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Does not include trumbulli; see Eger (1977). The large geographic gap between the North American and South American ranges of thistaxon suggests that this complex may include more than one species. For Chilean records see Rodríguez-San Pedro et al. (2023).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Eumops perotis; Eumops perotis; Eumops perotis; Eumops perotis; Eumops perotis; Eumops perotis; perotis; californicus; gigas; renatae; perotis; californicus; californicus; gigas; renatae; perotis; gigas; californicus; renatae; Eumope de Schinz; Schinz-Bulldogfledermaus; Eumops de Schinz; Greater Bonneted Bat; Greater Mastiff Bat; Western Mastiff Bat; Western Bonneted Bat; Greater Bonneted Bat; Greater Mastiff Bat; Western Mastiff Bat; Greater Bonneted Bat; Greater Bonneted Bat; E. perotis