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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L32	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus javanicus	Alionoctula javanica		[MSW2] Subgenus Pipistrellus. Includes abramus, "tralatitius," and camortae; but see Soota and Chaturvedi (1980) and Hill and Harrison (1987). Includes meyeni and irretitus; see Laurie and Hill (1954:67), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951:165), Hill (1967:7), and Koopman (1973:115). Does not include paterculus, see Hill and Harrsion (1987).; [MSW3] Subgenus Pipistrellus. Includes meyeni; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), and Koopman (1973). Includes camortae; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha (1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997), and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954) regarded this name as indeterminable.; [HMW] Scotophilus javanicus J. E. Gray, 1838 , Java , Indonesia . Pipustrellus javanicus has included P. abramus as a subspecies, but they are now regarded as distinct species based on morphology. Piprstrellus javanicus was previously known as P. tralatitius, which is regarded as a nomen dubium (dubious name). Populations in the Philippines might represent two or more cryptic species, indicated by clear separation between large and small variants across the islands. There might be a number of species currently recognized under P. javanicus throughoutits distribution. Subspecies camortae, babu, and peguensis have been considered distinct species, but they are considered subspecies of P.javanicus here based on morphology. Specimens previously attributed to P. javanicus from Afghanistan are now considered to have been misidentified P. coromandra . Five subspecies recognized.; [batnames2022] Subgenus Pipistrellus . Includes meyeni ; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), andKoopman (1973). Includes camortae ; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis ; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha(1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus ; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997),and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954)regarded this name as indeterminable.; [IUCN] This taxon was traditionally placed to the “javanicus ” subgroup of the “pipistrellus ” species group (e.g.: Corbet and Hill, 1992). According to available molecular genetic data (Roehrs et al. 2010, Benda et al. 2016 orig.), P. javanicus is a part of genetic cluster of Oriental pipistrelles. This cluster is highly divergent from all the West Palearctic pipistrelles and may be referred to as “javanicus ” species group. Such taxa as babu Thomas, 1915 and camortae Miller, 1902 were recognized as distinct species (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951, Soota and Chaturvedi 1980, Das 1990) or as valid subspecies of P. javanicus  (Corbet and Hill 1992), DNA barcoding data definitely supports full species status for P. babu (Francis et al. 2010). The taxon peguensis Sinha 1969, is sometimes considered to be a distinct species. The occurrence of peguensis in India is based on six specimens from Darjeeling collected in 1872 (Sinha 1990, Das 2003, Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012). Previous reports of P. imbricatus from the Philippines all appear to be based on specimens of P. javanicus (Heaney et al. 1998). Preliminary evidence indicates that two or more cryptic species are present in the Philippines that have been identified as P. javanicus (J. Sedlock and L. Heaney unpubl. data). According to DNA barcoding data, more than one lineage of species level is identified as P. javanicus in Indochina (Kruskop S.V. unpubl. data); [batnames2023] Subgenus Pipistrellus . Includes meyeni ; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), andKoopman (1973). Includes camortae ; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis ; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha(1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus ; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997),and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954)regarded this name as indeterminable.; [batnames2025_1.7] Subgenus Pipistrellus. Includes meyeni; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), andKoopman (1973). Includes camortae; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha(1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997),and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954)regarded this name as indeterminable.; [MDD2025_2.2] moved from Pipistrellus to Alionoctula				abramus, tralatitius, camortae, meyeni, irretitus		abramus, akokomuli, bancanus, camortae, irretitus, meyeni, pumiloides; "tralatitius" Thomas (not Horsfield).	abramus, meyeni, javanicus, camortae	javanicus, babu, camortae, meyeni, peguensis	bancanus, tralatitius, tralatitius	javanicus, babu, camortae, meyeni, peguensis		javanicus, babu, camortae, meyeni, peguensis	javanicus - bancanus, tralatitius	tralatitius, javanicus, meyeni, camortae, babu, bancanus, peguensis	This taxon was traditionally placed to the “javanicus ” subgroup of the “pipistrellus ” species group (e.g.: Corbet and Hill, 1992). According to available molecular genetic data (Roehrs et al. 2010, Benda et al. 2016 orig.), P. javanicus is a part of genetic cluster of Oriental pipistrelles. This cluster is highly divergent from all the West Palearctic pipistrelles and may be referred to as “javanicus ” species group. Such taxa as babu Thomas, 1915 and camortae Miller, 1902 were recognized as distinct species (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951, Soota and Chaturvedi 1980, Das 1990) or as valid subspecies of P. javanicus  (Corbet and Hill 1992), DNA barcoding data definitely supports full species status for P. babu (Francis et al. 2010). The taxon peguensis Sinha 1969, is sometimes considered to be a distinct species. The occurrence of peguensis in India is based on six specimens from Darjeeling collected in 1872 (Sinha 1990, Das 2003, Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012). Previous reports of P. imbricatus from the Philippines all appear to be based on specimens of P. javanicus (Heaney et al. 1998). Preliminary evidence indicates that two or more cryptic species are present in the Philippines that have been identified as P. javanicus (J. Sedlock and L. Heaney unpubl. data). According to DNA barcoding data, more than one lineage of species level is identified as P. javanicus in Indochina (Kruskop S.V. unpubl. data)	javanicus, babu, camortae, meyeni, peguensis	javanicus - bancanus, tralatitius	tralatitius, javanicus, meyeni, camortae, babu, bancanus, peguensis	javanus, javanicus, meyeni, camortae, babu, bancanus, peguensis	babu, camortae, meyeni, peguensis	javanicus - bancanus, tralatitius	javana (Lesson, 1836)|javanica (J. E. Gray, 1838)|meyeni (G. R. Waterhouse, 1845)|philippinensis (Fitzinger, 1861) [nomen nudum]|camortae (G. S. Miller, 1902)|bancana (Sody, 1937)|peguensis (Sinha, 1969)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Javan pipistrelle	Japan, E Siberia – Java, Borneo, Celebes, Philippines, ? N Australia	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Pipistrellus javanicus	Indonesia, Java.	Gray	1838	Mag. Zool. Bot., 2:498.	Distribution: Ranging from Japan and southeastern Siberia south through eastern Asia and east in the Malay archipelago to the Philippines, Celebes, and Java, with a single Australian record.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Javan pipistrelle	Burma, Thailand – Java, Flores I, Lesser Sunda Is, Borneo, Sulawesi, Talaud Is, Philippines, ? N Australia; ref. 4.143	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gray	1838	Mag. Zool. Bot., 2:498.	Subgenus Pipistrellus. Includes abramus, "tralatitius," and camortae; but see Soota and Chaturvedi (1980) and Hill and Harrison (1987). Includes meyeni and irretitus; see Laurie and Hill (1954:67), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951:165), Hill (1967:7), and Koopman (1973:115). Does not include paterculus, see Hill and Harrsion (1987).	S and C Japan; S Ussuri region (Russia and China); Korea; China, through SE Asia to Lesser Sunda Isis and the Philippines; perhaps Australia.	Indonesia, Java.		GRAY	1838	Size fairly small (forearm length, 27-36 mm). Anterior upper premolar displaced medially. Rostrum relatively short and broad. Forehead fairly flat. Upper canine with a poorly developed secondary cusp.	Distribution: Ranging from Japan and southeastern Siberia south through eastern Asia and east in the Malay archipelago to the Philippines, Celebes, and Java, with a single Australian record.	Four subspecies are here recognized:	P.j. abramus (Japan and Siberia to Vietnam), P.j. meyeni (Philippines), P.j.javanicus (Vietnam to Java and Celebes), P.j. camortae (Nicobars). More than one species may be represented in this complex.	112	species	P. javanicus	GRAY	1838	Pipistrellus	subgenus	Pipistrellus javanicus				Size fairly small (forearm length, 27-36 mm). An- terior upper premolar displaced medially. Rostrum relatively short and broad. Forehead fairly flat. Upper canine with a poorly developed secondary cusp.	Four subspecies are here recognized:		7. P.javanicus (GRAY 1838) [pipistrellus group].	7	_A. j. camortae_ (Miller, 1902); _A. j. javanica_ (Gray, 1838) (synonyms: _bancana_ (Sody, 1937), _javana_ (Lesson, 1836), _tralatitius_ Horsfield, 1824); _A. j. meyeni_ (Waterhouse, 1845) (synonyms: _philippinensis_ (Fitzinger, 1861)); _A. j. peguensis_ (Sinha, 1969)			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Pipistrellini	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus	Pipistrellus	javanicus	Gray	y	1838		Mag. Zool. Bot.	2		498		Javan Pipistrelle	Indonesia, Java.	E Afganistan, N Pakistan, N, C India, SE Tibet (China), Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, through SE Asia to Lesser Sunda Isls and the Philippines; perhaps Australia. Reports of this species from Cambodia cannot be confirmed (Kock, 2000a).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as P. javanicus; Data Deficient as P. peguensis.	bancanus Sody, 1937; tralatitius Horsfield, 1824 [indeterminable; see comments]; tralatitius Thomas, 1928; babu Thomas, 1915; camortae Miller, 1902; meyeni Waterhouse, 1845; peguensis Sinha, 1969.	Subgenus Pipistrellus. Includes meyeni; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), and Koopman (1973). Includes camortae; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha (1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997), and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954) regarded this name as indeterminable.	4C3D87E8FFEE6A51FF8C904A1411BFB8	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	779	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFEE6A51FF8C904A1411BFB8.xml	Pipistrellus javanicus	Vespertilionidae	Pipistrellus	javanicus		1838	Pipistrelle de Java @fr | Java-Zwergfledermaus @de | Pipistrelade Java @es | Java Pipistrelle @en	Scotophilus javanicus J. E. Gray, 1838 , Java , Indonesia . Pipustrellus javanicus has included P. abramus as a subspecies, but they are now regarded as distinct species based on morphology. Piprstrellus javanicus was previously known as P. tralatitius, which is regarded as a nomen dubium (dubious name). Populations in the Philippines might represent two or more cryptic species, indicated by clear separation between large and small variants across the islands. There might be a number of species currently recognized under P. javanicus throughoutits distribution. Subspecies camortae, babu, and peguensis have been considered distinct species, but they are considered subspecies of P.javanicus here based on morphology. Specimens previously attributed to P. javanicus from Afghanistan are now considered to have been misidentified P. coromandra . Five subspecies recognized.	P.j.javanicusJ.E.Gray,1838—PeninsularMalaysia,Singapore,Sumatra,Bangka,Borneo,Java,Sulawesi,Flores,Timor,andKarakelong;possiblyalsototheAruIs. P.j.babuThomas,1915—NPakistan(KhyberPakhtunkhwaandPunjab),NIndia(HimachalPradesh,Uttarakhand,MadhyaPradesh,Maharashtra,Sikkim,WestBengal,Assam,Meghalaya,Nagaland,andManipur),extremeSWCinna(Tibet[=Xizang]),Nepal,Bhutan,andBangladesh. P.j.camortaeG.S.Miller,1902—AndamanandNicobarIs. P.j.meyeniWaterhouse,1845—Philippines(Luzon,Mindoro,Sibuyan,Negros,Panay,Camiguin,Mindanao,Palawan,andReinardIs). P. j. peguensis Sinha, 1969 — Myanmar , SC China ( Yunnan ), Thailand , Laos , Vietnam (including Cat Ba and Cu Lao Cham Is), and Cambodia .	Head-body 40-55 mm, tail 26-40 mm, ear 5-15 mm, hindfoot 3-10 mm, forearm 29-3-37 mm; weight 4-1-8 g. Dorsal pelage of the Javan Pipistrelle ranges from chestnut to dark brown, with pale brown hairs frosted throughout (might be sexually dimorphic with males dark or medium brown and females chestnut); ventral pelage is more buffy brown or paler brown than dorsum, with black bases to hairs. Muzzle is broad and appears swollen; head is flat, with no noticeable forehead. Ears, face, and membranes are brown. Ears are short and subtriangular, with broadly rounded tips; tragus is only slightly curved, with rounded tip, gradually narrowing along terminal one-half. Uropatagium extends from calcar to nearly tail tip; only extreme tip is free. Penis is moderately long (more than 6 mm ). Baculum (5-1-5-8 mm long) 1s bilobated at base, with thin shaft and bifurcated tip. Skull is relatively large; braincase is more domed than in the Indian Pipistrelle ( P. coromandra ); zygomatic arches are thin and lack processes; I?is bicuspid, and I’ is unicuspid and subequal in height to second cusp of 1%; C! usually has secondary cusp; P? is subequal in crown area to I® and is variably nearly within tooth row or extruded inward; and lower molars are nyctalodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 38 and FN = 48 (Mount Isarog, Philippines ) or 2n = 34 and FN = 46 ( Malaysia ).	Primary and secondary forests including mossy and montane forests, agricultural areas, plantations, and urban areas from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2380 m .	Javan Pipistrelles are insectivorous. Stomach samples in the Philippines contained limbs and wings of digested insects and unidentified yellow flesh.	Litter size is 1-2 young. There might be three breeding seasons each year.	The Javan Pipistrelle is nocturnal. It has been recorded roosting in tree ferns, fallen logs, and caves and on buildings. Search-call shape is FM/QCF. In Laguna Province , Luzon Island, northern Philippines , mean call frequencies were 43.7 kHz (large form) and 41-9 kHz (small form).	Colonies contain 5-6 individuals. In Valencia City, Mindanao Island, southern Philippines , Javan Pipistrelles roosted with the Yellow-faced Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus virgo) and the Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros diadema).	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Javan Pipistrelle is widespread and common throughoutits distribution. It might be locally threatened by habitat destruction, butit seems to be relatively tolerant of human disturbance and is commonly recorded in plantations and urban areas.	Bates & Harrison (1997) | Bates et al. (2005) | Benda & Gaisler (2015) | Chan et al. (2009) | Corbet & Hill (1992) | Das (1990, 2003) | Flannery (1995a) | Francis (2008a) | Francis, Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Heaney et al. (2008) | Furey, Mackie & Racey (2011) | Furey, Phauk et al. (2012) | Heaney, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998) | Heaney, Balete & Rickart (2016) | Heaney, Balete, Rickart, Utzurrum & Gonzales (1999) | Hill & Harrison (1987) | Kruskop (2013a) | Saha et al. (2017b) | Sinha (1990) | Smith & Xie Yan (2008) | Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu (2005, 2012) | Srinivasulu et al. (2017)	https://zenodo.org/record/6397846/files/figure.png	36. Javan Pipistrelle Pipistrellus javanicus French: Pipistrelle de Java / German: Java-Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Pipistrela de Java Other common names: Java Pipistrelle Taxonomy. Scotophilus javanicus J. E. Gray, 1838 , Java , Indonesia . Pipustrellus javanicus has included P. abramus as a subspecies, but they are now regarded as distinct species based on morphology. Piprstrellus javanicus was previously known as P. tralatitius, which is regarded as a nomen dubium (dubious name). Populations in the Philippines might represent two or more cryptic species, indicated by clear separation between large and small variants across the islands. There might be a number of species currently recognized under P. javanicus throughoutits distribution. Subspecies camortae, babu, and peguensis have been considered distinct species, but they are considered subspecies of P.javanicus here based on morphology. Specimens previously attributed to P. javanicus from Afghanistan are now considered to have been misidentified P. coromandra . Five subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. P.j.javanicusJ.E.Gray,1838—PeninsularMalaysia,Singapore,Sumatra,Bangka,Borneo,Java,Sulawesi,Flores,Timor,andKarakelong;possiblyalsototheAruIs. P.j.babuThomas,1915—NPakistan(KhyberPakhtunkhwaandPunjab),NIndia(HimachalPradesh,Uttarakhand,MadhyaPradesh,Maharashtra,Sikkim,WestBengal,Assam,Meghalaya,Nagaland,andManipur),extremeSWCinna(Tibet[=Xizang]),Nepal,Bhutan,andBangladesh. P.j.camortaeG.S.Miller,1902—AndamanandNicobarIs. P.j.meyeniWaterhouse,1845—Philippines(Luzon,Mindoro,Sibuyan,Negros,Panay,Camiguin,Mindanao,Palawan,andReinardIs). P. j. peguensis Sinha, 1969 — Myanmar , SC China ( Yunnan ), Thailand , Laos , Vietnam (including Cat Ba and Cu Lao Cham Is), and Cambodia . Descriptive notes. Head-body 40-55 mm, tail 26-40 mm, ear 5-15 mm, hindfoot 3-10 mm, forearm 29-3-37 mm; weight 4-1-8 g. Dorsal pelage of the Javan Pipistrelle ranges from chestnut to dark brown, with pale brown hairs frosted throughout (might be sexually dimorphic with males dark or medium brown and females chestnut); ventral pelage is more buffy brown or paler brown than dorsum, with black bases to hairs. Muzzle is broad and appears swollen; head is flat, with no noticeable forehead. Ears, face, and membranes are brown. Ears are short and subtriangular, with broadly rounded tips; tragus is only slightly curved, with rounded tip, gradually narrowing along terminal one-half. Uropatagium extends from calcar to nearly tail tip; only extreme tip is free. Penis is moderately long (more than 6 mm ). Baculum (5-1-5-8 mm long) 1s bilobated at base, with thin shaft and bifurcated tip. Skull is relatively large; braincase is more domed than in the Indian Pipistrelle ( P. coromandra ); zygomatic arches are thin and lack processes; I?is bicuspid, and I’ is unicuspid and subequal in height to second cusp of 1%; C! usually has secondary cusp; P? is subequal in crown area to I® and is variably nearly within tooth row or extruded inward; and lower molars are nyctalodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 38 and FN = 48 (Mount Isarog, Philippines ) or 2n = 34 and FN = 46 ( Malaysia ). Habitat. Primary and secondary forests including mossy and montane forests, agricultural areas, plantations, and urban areas from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2380 m . Food and Feeding. Javan Pipistrelles are insectivorous. Stomach samples in the Philippines contained limbs and wings of digested insects and unidentified yellow flesh. Breeding. Litter size is 1-2 young. There might be three breeding seasons each year. Activity patterns. The Javan Pipistrelle is nocturnal. It has been recorded roosting in tree ferns, fallen logs, and caves and on buildings. Search-call shape is FM/QCF. In Laguna Province , Luzon Island, northern Philippines , mean call frequencies were 43.7 kHz (large form) and 41-9 kHz (small form). Movements, Home range and Social organization. Colonies contain 5-6 individuals. In Valencia City, Mindanao Island, southern Philippines , Javan Pipistrelles roosted with the Yellow-faced Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus virgo) and the Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros diadema). Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Javan Pipistrelle is widespread and common throughoutits distribution. It might be locally threatened by habitat destruction, butit seems to be relatively tolerant of human disturbance and is commonly recorded in plantations and urban areas. Bibliography. Bates & Harrison (1997), Bates et al. (2005), Benda & Gaisler (2015), Chan et al. (2009), Corbet & Hill (1992), Das (1990, 2003), Flannery (1995a), Francis (2008a), Francis, Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Heaney et al. (2008), Furey, Mackie & Racey (2011), Furey, Phauk et al. (2012), Heaney, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998), Heaney, Balete & Rickart (2016), Heaney, Balete, Rickart, Utzurrum & Gonzales (1999), Hill & Harrison (1987), Kruskop (2013a), Saha et al. (2017b), Sinha (1990), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu (2005, 2012), Srinivasulu et al. (2017).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Pipistrellus javanicus	Pipistrellus	Pipistrellus	javanicus	Gray	1838	1	Mag. Zool. Bot.	0.4292	Javan Pipistrelle	 bancanus Sody, 1937; tralatitius Horsfield, 1824 [indeterminable; see comments]; tralatitius Thomas, 1928; <b> babu </b> Thomas, 1915; <b>camortae</b> Miller, 1902; <b> meyeni </b> Waterhouse, 1845; <b> peguensis </b> Sinha, 1969.	Indonesia, Java.	E Afganistan, N Pakistan, N, C India, SE Tibet (China), Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, through SE Asia to Lesser Sunda Isls and the Philippines; perhaps Australia. Reports of this species from Cambodia cannot be confirmed (Kock, 2000a).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Subgenus Pipistrellus . Includes meyeni ; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), andKoopman (1973). Includes camortae ; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis ; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha(1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus ; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997),and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954)regarded this name as indeterminable.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Pipistrellus javanicus	23	Javan Pipistrelle	Java Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	PIPISTRELLINI	Pipistrellus	NA	javanicus	J. E. Gray	1838	1						Java, Indonesia.			tralatitius (Horsfield, 1824) [name is considered indeterminable]|javanicus (J. E. Gray, 1838)|meyeni (Waterhouse, 1845)|camortae G. S. Miller, 1902|babu O. Thomas, 1915|bancanus Sody, 1937|peguensis Sinha, 1969	NA	NA	Pakistan|India|Nepal|Bhutan|Bangladesh|Andaman Islands|Nicobar Islands|China|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam|Cambodia|Malaysia|Singapore|Indonesia|Brunei|Philippines|East Timor	Asia	Palearctic|Indomalaya|Australasia/Oceania	LC	0	0	0	Pipistrellus_javanicus	0	sciname match	Pipistrellus_javanicus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	17344	Pipistrellus javanicus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Pipistrellus	javanicus	(Gray, 1838)	This taxon was traditionally placed to the “javanicus ” subgroup of the “pipistrellus ” species group (e.g.: Corbet and Hill, 1992). According to available molecular genetic data (Roehrs et al. 2010, Benda et al. 2016 orig.), P. javanicus is a part of genetic cluster of Oriental pipistrelles. This cluster is highly divergent from all the West Palearctic pipistrelles and may be referred to as “javanicus ” species group. Such taxa as babu Thomas, 1915 and camortae Miller, 1902 were recognized as distinct species (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951, Soota and Chaturvedi 1980, Das 1990) or as valid subspecies of P. javanicus  (Corbet and Hill 1992), DNA barcoding data definitely supports full species status for P. babu (Francis et al. 2010). The taxon peguensis Sinha 1969, is sometimes considered to be a distinct species. The occurrence of peguensis in India is based on six specimens from Darjeeling collected in 1872 (Sinha 1990, Das 2003, Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012). Previous reports of P. imbricatus from the Philippines all appear to be based on specimens of P. javanicus (Heaney et al. 1998). Preliminary evidence indicates that two or more cryptic species are present in the Philippines that have been identified as P. javanicus (J. Sedlock and L. Heaney unpubl. data). According to DNA barcoding data, more than one lineage of species level is identified as P. javanicus in Indochina (Kruskop S.V. unpubl. data)	20000000	Pipistrellus javanicus	Least Concern		2019	2018-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, it occurs in a number of protected areas, has a tolerance of a degree of habitat modification, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. However, if any geographic forms will be raised to full species level, its IUCN status should be reviewed.	This species is found in varied habitat types from primary and secondary forested regions, agricultural landscapes (including rubber plantations) to urban areas. It roosts in trees, crevices and cracks in walls and ceilings of houses, tiles of huts, old buildings, temples, under bark and in holes of large trees, signboards, tree hollows in small groups of few individuals. In Ho Chi Minh city colonies of several dozen individuals were reported in buildings (Kruskop 2013). This bat emerges early in the evening, before full darkness. Flight is moderately speed and maneuverable, sometimes fluttering (in cluttered places) as in most pipistrelles, in Ho Chi Minh bats were observed foraging in urban areas and city parks at about 6-15 m above ground or water (ibid.), however they were also observed much higher in the Red river valley. Javan pipistrelle probably forages on flies, winged ants and other small insects, though its ration was not described. There are three breeding seasons (though probably the same females may not reproduce in two consecutive seasons) and two young ones are born (Sanborn et al. 1952, Bates and Harrison 1997, Heaney et al. 1998, S. Bumrungsri pers. comm., P. Bates pers. comm., Bhargavi Srinivasulu pers. comm.). Echolocation are steep to shallow FM from ca. 75 to 45 kHz (Kruskop 2013).	Overall there are no major threats to this adaptable species. In South Asia, it is locally threatened by deforestation for timber, firewood and conversion to agricultural use. It is also threatened by disturbance to roosting sites by humans (Molur et al. 2002). Increase of urbanization and change of the older buildings to modern houses may negatively affect synanthropic populations.	This species is widely distributed, common and the population seems stable and doing well (Molur et al. 2002, C. Francis pers. comm., Sedlock pers. comm. 2006, S. Kruskop, pers. comm.).	Stable	This widespread species has been recorded from northern and central South Asia, southern China, and much of Southeast Asia. In South Asia this species is presently known from Bangladesh (Chittagong and Sylhet divisions,), India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Nicobar Islands, Sikkim, Uttarakhand and West Bengal), Nepal (Central) and Pakistan (North West Frontier Province and Punjab) (Das 2003, Korad et al. 2007, Molur et al. 2002, Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2005). The records from Afghanistan erroneously attributed to this species have been identified as P. coromandra (Benda and Gaisler 2015). In South Asia, it has been recorded up to 2,380 m asl. In China, it has been recorded from Xizang and Yunnan (Smith and Xie 2008). In Southeast Asia, it ranges widely, from Myanmar in the west, through Thailand, Lao PDR, Viet Nam, Cambodia and Peninsular Malaysia to Singapore. With insular Southeast Asia, the species is distributed in Indonesia (Sumatra, Bangka, Java, Flores, Karakelang), the island of Timor (East Timor and Indonesia), on the island of Borneo (Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia), Sulawesi, to the Philippines, where it has been recorded from the islands of Camiguin, Luzon (Benguet , Cagayan, Camarines Sur, Isabela, Laguna, Quezon, and Rizal provinces), Mindanao (Bukidnon, and Davao del Sur provinces), Mindoro, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Reinhard, and Sibuyan (Heaney et al. , 1998). In the Philippines, it has been recorded from sea level to around 2,250 m asl (Mount Kitanglad).	There are no evidences that this species was used in commercial trade, in local cuisine or in local medicine. Like other insectivorous bats, P. javanicus plays certain role as natural regulator of some forestry and harvest pests. Being common in lowland populated areas including large cities, it may have to some extent impact on populations of mosquitos and other disease vectors.	Terrestrial	This species occurs in a number of protected areas in Southeast Asia. In South Asia, although there are no direct conservation measures in place, the species has been recorded from several protected areas including Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh and Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh (C. Srinivasulu pers. comm. August 2018). In Vietnam this bat occurs in some protected areas, e.g. Vu Quang, Yok Don, Kon Chu Rang and Kon Ka Kinh (Kruskop 2013, 2017). Further studies are needed into the distribution, abundance, breeding biology and general ecology of this species, as well as taxonomy – to clarify taxonomic status of putative cryptic forms. Populations of this species should be monitored to record changes in abundance and distribution (Molur et al. 2002).	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Pipistrellus	Pipistrellus	javanicus	Gray	1838	1	Mag. Zool. Bot.	0.429167	Javan Pipistrelle	 bancanus Sody, 1937; tralatitius Horsfield, 1824 [indeterminable; see comments]; tralatitius Thomas, 1928; <b> babu </b> Thomas, 1915; <b>camortae</b> Miller, 1902; <b> meyeni </b> Waterhouse, 1845; <b> peguensis </b> Sinha, 1969.	Indonesia, Java.	E Afganistan, N Pakistan, N, C India, SE Tibet (China), Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, through SE Asia to Lesser Sunda Isls and the Philippines; perhaps Australia. Reports of this species from Cambodia cannot be confirmed (Kock, 2000a).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Subgenus Pipistrellus . Includes meyeni ; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), andKoopman (1973). Includes camortae ; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis ; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha(1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus ; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997),and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954)regarded this name as indeterminable.	Pipistrellus javanicus	1005622	23	Javan Pipistrelle	Java Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	PIPISTRELLINI	Pipistrellus	NA	javanicus	J. E. Gray	1838	1						Java, Indonesia.			tralatitius (Horsfield, 1824) [name is considered indeterminable]|javanicus (J. E. Gray, 1838)|meyeni (Waterhouse, 1845)|camortae G. S. Miller, 1902|babu O. Thomas, 1915|bancanus Sody, 1937|peguensis Sinha, 1969	NA	NA				Pakistan|India|Nepal|Bhutan|Bangladesh|Andaman Islands|Nicobar Islands|China|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam|Cambodia|Malaysia|Singapore|Indonesia|Brunei|Philippines|East Timor	Asia	Palearctic|Indomalaya|Australasia/Oceania	LC	0	0	0	Pipistrellus_javanicus	0	sciname match	Pipistrellus_javanicus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Alionoctula_javanica	1005622	23	Javan Pipistrelle	Java Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Pipistrellini	Alionoctula	NA	javanica	J. E. Gray	1	Scotophilus Javanicus	Gray, J.E. 1838-02-01. A revision of the genera of bats (Vespertilionidae), and the description of some new genera and species. Magazine of Zoology and Botany 2(12):483-505.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40026401				Java, Indonesia.			moved from Pipistrellus to Alionoctula	Zhukova, S. S., Yuzefovich, A. P., Lebedev, V. S., & Kruskop, S. V. (2025). Reassessment of the Taxonomic Borders Within Pipistrellus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae, Pipistrellini). Diversity, 17(5), 317.				India|Nepal?|Bhutan|Bangladesh|Andaman and Nicobar Islands|China|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam|Cambodia|Malaysia|Singapore|Indonesia|Brunei|Philippines|East Timor	Asia	Palearctic|Indomalaya|Australasia	LC	0	0	0	Pipistrellus_javanicus	0	sciname match	Pipistrellus_javanicus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Pipistrellus	Pipistrellus	javanicus	Gray	1838	1	Mag. Zool. Bot.	0.429167	Javan Pipistrelle	bancanus Sody, 1937; tralatitius Horsfield, 1824 [indeterminable; see comments]; tralatitius Thomas, 1928; babu Thomas, 1915; camortae Miller, 1902; meyeni Waterhouse, 1845; peguensis Sinha, 1969.	Indonesia, Java.	E Afganistan, N Pakistan, N, C India, SE Tibet (China), Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, through SE Asia to Lesser Sunda Isls and the Philippines; perhaps Australia. Reports of this species from Cambodia cannot be confirmed (Kock, 2000a).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/17344/22128905/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Subgenus Pipistrellus. Includes meyeni; see Laurie and Hill (1954), Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), Hill (1967), andKoopman (1973). Includes camortae; see Soota Chaturverdi (1980) and Corbet and Hill (1992), but also see Das (1990). Includes babu and peguensis; see Corbet and Hill (1992), Kock (1996), and Bates and Harrison (1997), but also see Das (1990) and Sinha(1999). Does not include paterculus and abramus; see Hill and Harrsion (1987), Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates et al. (1997),and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b). For many years this species was known as tralatitius Horsfield, but Laurie and Hill (1954)regarded this name as indeterminable.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Pipistrellus javanicus; Pipistrellus javanicus; Pipistrellus javanicus; Pipistrellus javanicus; Pipistrellus javanicus; Pipistrellus javanicus; javanicus; babu; camortae; meyeni; peguensis; bancanus; tralatitius; tralatitius; javanicus; babu; camortae; meyeni; peguensis; babu; camortae; meyeni; peguensis; bancanus; tralatitius; tralatitius; javanicus; meyeni; camortae; babu; bancanus; peguensis; Pipistrelle de Java; Java-Zwergfledermaus; Pipistrelade Java; Java Pipistrelle; Javan Pipistrelle; Java Pipistrelle; Javan Pipistrelle; Javan Pipistrelle; P. javanicus