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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1636	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	Triaenops persicus [synonym of]	N/A	Triaenops persicus [synonym of]	Triaenops persicus afer	Triaenops persicus afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer	Triaenops afer		[HMW] Triamops afar Peters, 1877 , “ Mombaca , ” Mombasa County , Kenya . African populations of Triamops were considered part of TÍ persicus as two subspecies: eastern TÍ p. afar and western TÍ p. majusculus. More recently, '1Î perxiau was demonstrated to be confined to the Middle East and southern Pakistan , and all African populations are now considered to be '1Î afrr. Taxon majusrulus. originally described as larger in body size than East African populations, was shown to be in the dimensional size range of TÍ afersensu stricto and thus not a distinct taxon. Monotvpic.; [batnames2022] Distinct from persicus; see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). Includes majusculus , which was previously considered a synonym of persicus (Benda and Vallo, 2009). Cotterill (2001) suggested that majusculus may represent a separate species, but see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). See Turni and Kock (2008) for information on the type. Populations from the Rift Valley of Kenya previously assigned to afer have been referred to persicus ; see Rossoni et al. (2020).; [MDD2022] split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae; [IUCN] Formerly considered Triaenops persicus or T. persicus afer . Taxonomic revision by Benda and Vallo (2009) determined that T. afer is a distinct species within its African range from T. persicus , which is restricted to the Middle East and South Asia.; [batnames2023] Distinct from persicus; see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). Includes majusculus , which was previously considered a synonym of persicus (Benda and Vallo, 2009). Cotterill (2001) suggested that majusculus may represent a separate species, but see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). See Turni and Kock (2008) for information on the type. Populations from the Rift Valley of Kenya previously assigned to afer have been referred to persicus ; see Rossoni et al. (2020).; [MDD2023] split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae; [MDD2025_2.0] split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae; [batnames2025_1.7] Distinct from persicus; see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). Includes majusculus, which was previously considered a synonym of persicus (Benda and Vallo, 2009). Cotterill (2001) suggested that majusculus may represent a separate species, but see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). See Turni and Kock (2008) for information on the type. Populations from the Rift Valley of Kenya previously assigned to afer have been referred to persicus; see Rossoni et al. (2020).; [MDD2025_2.2] split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae														afer, majusculus	Formerly considered Triaenops persicus or T. persicus afer . Taxonomic revision by Benda and Vallo (2009) determined that T. afer is a distinct species within its African range from T. persicus , which is restricted to the Middle East and South Asia.	afer	afer - majusculus	afer, majusculus	afer, majusculus	afer 	afer - majusculus 	afer W. C. H. Peters, 1877|majusculus Aellen & Brosset, 1968						N/A																																								NA																											0383245F222697798EF3FDE7F67EF5D2	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Rhinonycteridae_194.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ffba5c272223977c8e73f509ffb1ffd0	206	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/83/24/0383245F222797798BC0F1E7FB9BF74D.xml	Triaenops afer	Rhinonycteridae	Triaenops	afer	Peters	1877	Tr aen ps dAlrque German @fr | Chewbacca Bat @en	Triamops afar Peters, 1877 , “ Mombaca , ” Mombasa County , Kenya . African populations of Triamops were considered part of TÍ persicus as two subspecies: eastern TÍ p. afar and western TÍ p. majusculus. More recently, '1Î perxiau was demonstrated to be confined to the Middle East and southern Pakistan , and all African populations are now considered to be '1Î afrr. Taxon majusrulus. originally described as larger in body size than East African populations, was shown to be in the dimensional size range of TÍ afersensu stricto and thus not a distinct taxon. Monotvpic.	Found in two disjunct regions: largest part in savanna belt of East Africa from Ethiopia , Djibouti , and Somalia S through Kenya , Tanzania (including Pemba and Unguja in Zanzibar Archipelago), extreme SE Zambia , and E Zimbabwe to C Mozambique , with W stretch to E Central African Republic and NE DR Congo ; smallest part includes SW Republic of the Congo and extreme NW Angola .	Head-body 55-72 mm, tail 25-38 mm, ear 10-16 mm, hindfoot 8-12 mm, forearm 48-60 mm; weight 8-17 g. The African Trident Bat is a large rhinonycterid. Pelage has similar tinge dorsally and ventrally; color is very variable, including beige, pale brown, brownish orange, bright orange, pale yellowish, and dark grayish brown; hairs are darker around eyes. VVng membranes are dark brown, and ears and noseleaf are pale pinkish (unpigmented) and pale gray to dark gravish brown. Noseleaf is large (width 7~7-8 -6 mm) and rounded or pentagonal, with suap-like longitudinal projection that resembles an hourglass in outline, lying across anterior part of anterior leaf, above deep anterior medial emargination. Three tall pointed projections are present on posterior part of posterior noseleaf, and its anterior part in medial position has long lanceolated projection, with sharply pointed tip. Total width of three posterior projections is c.50% the width of posterior leaf. Numerous cells, separated from each other by fleshy septa, scallop lateral parts of posterior leaf, with only one small cell in central position; lateral margins of two of three tall posterior projections are emarginated at their bases. Two supplementary leaflets occur lateral to noseleaf. Ears are short, wide, and pointed, with prominent step-like emargination on anterior margin. Second phalanx of founh wing finger bears unique uansverse bone projection into membrane c. 2~5-3 mm long. Skull has very prominent nasal swellings laterally and posteriorlv. Braincase is almost as high as rostrum and has low but long sagittal crest. Rostrum is relati\ ely short compared with congeners. Wide plates are present on dorsal sides of zygomatic bones. Greatest skull lengths are 17-8-21 -1 mm, condvlo-canine lengths are 15-6-19 -3 mm, zygomatic widths are 8 -2-9-8 mm, and upper tooth row (C -M lengths are 6-1 -7-5 mm. l’ is bilobed; C is slender with slight cingulum and large posterior secondary cusp, extending onehalf C crown height; P’ is small and extruded; C and P‘ are in or nearlv in contact; and M‘ is only little reduced, with metacone. l is bicuspid, I 2 is tricuspid and larger than I, C, is slender, Pl has about twtrthirds the crown area and onehalf the height of P‘, and M is unreduced. Baculum is gracile and c. l -6 mm long, with broad basal epiphvsis and bifurcated distal epiphysis; it has relatively broad diaphvsis (c. l 5% of baculum length), with very long and robust anns at its distal epiphysis (arm length c.0-45 mm; c.28% of baculum length) and robust proximal epiphvsis (basis width 0 -70-0-85 mm; c.45% of baculum length). Chromosomal complement has 2n 36 and FN 60. X-chromosome is medium-sized metacentiic, and Y-chromosome is small subtelocentric.	Various habitats across central, eastern, and south-eastern Africa, including rainforests, coastal and riverine forests, dense wooded savannas, mosaics of rainforest and savanna, miombo ( Brachystegia , Fabaceae ) woodlands, bush savannas, dry Sudanian savannas, and fannlands, from sea level to elevations of c. 1700 m .	Moths are considered dominant prey of the African Trident Bat. lt is probably an aerial hawker, preying on flying insects at various heights aboveground in open spaces and among regetation.	Reproductive cycle of the African Trident Bat probably is connected with local climatic and yegetation cycles, which differ in Southern and Northern Hemispheres. South of the equator in Africa, spennatogenesis was high in June-October and low or nonexistent in December-January; this was correlated with timing of enlargement and high secretory activity of glandular tissue of medial cell of noseleaf (“ frontal “) in males, which in and lowest in sac was highest june january. Pregnant females with one fetus each were found in early November in Kenya and late December in Tanzania . Copulations probably occur during dry season (lune-October), and births occur in November-January. There no evidence of polyestry, so time span between copulations and births suggests long gestation, with delay in fetal development or spenn storage and postponed fertilization. North of the equator in Ethiopia , pregnant females with one fetus each in late-stage development were found in early May; parturition therefore occurs around mid-May. Thus, the African Trident Bat seems, like other members of the family, to be seasonally monoestrous: females give birth to one young each year, and reproduction is timed with local climatic and vegetation cvcles.	The African Trident Bat does not enter torpor or hibernate; remains actiye vear-round and forages in all seasons. t is fast and acrobatic flier. It forages at various heights, low to the ground or over water and among or above vegetation. It leaves day roosts shortly before or at sunset and forages for several hours; foraging bats were netted c. 2-3 hours after sunset. Echolocation consists of multihannonic QCF calls where pulse is composed of long CF component, combined with short FM component at end (CF-FM); terminating FM component is steep sweep of c. lo kHz. Sexual dimorphism was found in peak frequencies, with males lower than females. Calls last 5-11 milliseconds (mean 8 -5 milliseconds); interpulse intervals are 35-73 milliseconds (mean 50 -8 milliseconds); peak frequencies are 72-75 kHz (males) and 80-85 kHz (females) in Malawi and 71-75 kHz (males) and 82-85 kHz (females) in Mozambique ; and end frequencies are 74-82 kHz (mean 79 kHz).	The African Trident Bat is colonial and establishes underground colonies of a few to thousands of individuals (reportedly up to c.500,000 individuals), which can be located ven deep in caves and up to 450 m from entrances. Colonies occur in natural caves (sometimes very extensive), manmade structures (mines, cellars, and wells), and perhaps hollow trees. Colonies are mixed sex, regardless of annual reproductive cvcle. When roosting, African Trident Bats hang from ceilings alone or in groups. ln Ethiopia , African Trident Bats roosted in a large karst system with Eloquent Horseshoe Bats ( Rhinolophus eloquens), Iander`s Horseshoe Bats (R. landen), Temminck`s Myotis (Myotis tricolor), African bong-fingered Bats (Minwpmus rrfi-iranus), and Harrison’s Giant Mastiff Bats (Otomops harrisoni).	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Some populations of African Trident Bats are considered threatened by disturbance at roost sites and mining activities.	Ae en à Brosset (1968) | Benda & Va o (2009) | Dur¢ & Mutere (1977) | Happod M (2013ab) | Hıl (1982 a Kockåı Feten 1980) | Lanza era (2015) | Ma nova (1979) | Marthews (1942) | Monadıem, Sdıoeman er a (2010) | Monad em Tayor eta (2010) | Peters (1877) | Pye (1972) | Tayor eta (2005)	https://zenodo.org/record/6611830/files/figure.png	4. African Trident Bat Triaenops afer French: Tr aen ps dAlrque German: Atrka-Die zahnblattnase Spanish: Rnonıcterıo africano Other common names: Chewbacca Bat Taxonomy. Triamops afar Peters, 1877 , “ Mombaca , ” Mombasa County , Kenya . African populations of Triamops were considered part of TÍ persicus as two subspecies: eastern TÍ p. afar and western TÍ p. majusculus. More recently, '1Î perxiau was demonstrated to be confined to the Middle East and southern Pakistan , and all African populations are now considered to be '1Î afrr. Taxon majusrulus. originally described as larger in body size than East African populations, was shown to be in the dimensional size range of TÍ afersensu stricto and thus not a distinct taxon. Monotvpic. Distribution. Found in two disjunct regions: largest part in savanna belt of East Africa from Ethiopia , Djibouti , and Somalia S through Kenya , Tanzania (including Pemba and Unguja in Zanzibar Archipelago), extreme SE Zambia , and E Zimbabwe to C Mozambique , with W stretch to E Central African Republic and NE DR Congo ; smallest part includes SW Republic of the Congo and extreme NW Angola . Descriptive notes. Head-body 55-72 mm, tail 25-38 mm, ear 10-16 mm, hindfoot 8-12 mm, forearm 48-60 mm; weight 8-17 g. The African Trident Bat is a large rhinonycterid. Pelage has similar tinge dorsally and ventrally; color is very variable, including beige, pale brown, brownish orange, bright orange, pale yellowish, and dark grayish brown; hairs are darker around eyes. VVng membranes are dark brown, and ears and noseleaf are pale pinkish (unpigmented) and pale gray to dark gravish brown. Noseleaf is large (width 7~7-8 -6 mm) and rounded or pentagonal, with suap-like longitudinal projection that resembles an hourglass in outline, lying across anterior part of anterior leaf, above deep anterior medial emargination. Three tall pointed projections are present on posterior part of posterior noseleaf, and its anterior part in medial position has long lanceolated projection, with sharply pointed tip. Total width of three posterior projections is c.50% the width of posterior leaf. Numerous cells, separated from each other by fleshy septa, scallop lateral parts of posterior leaf, with only one small cell in central position; lateral margins of two of three tall posterior projections are emarginated at their bases. Two supplementary leaflets occur lateral to noseleaf. Ears are short, wide, and pointed, with prominent step-like emargination on anterior margin. Second phalanx of founh wing finger bears unique uansverse bone projection into membrane c. 2~5-3 mm long. Skull has very prominent nasal swellings laterally and posteriorlv. Braincase is almost as high as rostrum and has low but long sagittal crest. Rostrum is relati\ ely short compared with congeners. Wide plates are present on dorsal sides of zygomatic bones. Greatest skull lengths are 17-8-21 -1 mm, condvlo-canine lengths are 15-6-19 -3 mm, zygomatic widths are 8 -2-9-8 mm, and upper tooth row (C -M lengths are 6-1 -7-5 mm. l’ is bilobed; C is slender with slight cingulum and large posterior secondary cusp, extending onehalf C crown height; P’ is small and extruded; C and P‘ are in or nearlv in contact; and M‘ is only little reduced, with metacone. l is bicuspid, I 2 is tricuspid and larger than I, C, is slender, Pl has about twtrthirds the crown area and onehalf the height of P‘, and M is unreduced. Baculum is gracile and c. l -6 mm long, with broad basal epiphvsis and bifurcated distal epiphysis; it has relatively broad diaphvsis (c. l 5% of baculum length), with very long and robust anns at its distal epiphysis (arm length c.0-45 mm; c.28% of baculum length) and robust proximal epiphvsis (basis width 0 -70-0-85 mm; c.45% of baculum length). Chromosomal complement has 2n 36 and FN 60. X-chromosome is medium-sized metacentiic, and Y-chromosome is small subtelocentric. Habitat. Various habitats across central, eastern, and south-eastern Africa, including rainforests, coastal and riverine forests, dense wooded savannas, mosaics of rainforest and savanna, miombo ( Brachystegia , Fabaceae ) woodlands, bush savannas, dry Sudanian savannas, and fannlands, from sea level to elevations of c. 1700 m . Food and Feeding. Moths are considered dominant prey of the African Trident Bat. lt is probably an aerial hawker, preying on flying insects at various heights aboveground in open spaces and among regetation. Breeding. Reproductive cycle of the African Trident Bat probably is connected with local climatic and yegetation cycles, which differ in Southern and Northern Hemispheres. South of the equator in Africa, spennatogenesis was high in June-October and low or nonexistent in December-January; this was correlated with timing of enlargement and high secretory activity of glandular tissue of medial cell of noseleaf (“ frontal “) in males, which in and lowest in sac was highest june january. Pregnant females with one fetus each were found in early November in Kenya and late December in Tanzania . Copulations probably occur during dry season (lune-October), and births occur in November-January. There no evidence of polyestry, so time span between copulations and births suggests long gestation, with delay in fetal development or spenn storage and postponed fertilization. North of the equator in Ethiopia , pregnant females with one fetus each in late-stage development were found in early May; parturition therefore occurs around mid-May. Thus, the African Trident Bat seems, like other members of the family, to be seasonally monoestrous: females give birth to one young each year, and reproduction is timed with local climatic and vegetation cvcles. Activity patterns. The African Trident Bat does not enter torpor or hibernate; remains actiye vear-round and forages in all seasons. t is fast and acrobatic flier. It forages at various heights, low to the ground or over water and among or above vegetation. It leaves day roosts shortly before or at sunset and forages for several hours; foraging bats were netted c. 2-3 hours after sunset. Echolocation consists of multihannonic QCF calls where pulse is composed of long CF component, combined with short FM component at end (CF-FM); terminating FM component is steep sweep of c. lo kHz. Sexual dimorphism was found in peak frequencies, with males lower than females. Calls last 5-11 milliseconds (mean 8 -5 milliseconds); interpulse intervals are 35-73 milliseconds (mean 50 -8 milliseconds); peak frequencies are 72-75 kHz (males) and 80-85 kHz (females) in Malawi and 71-75 kHz (males) and 82-85 kHz (females) in Mozambique ; and end frequencies are 74-82 kHz (mean 79 kHz). Movements, Home range and Social organization. The African Trident Bat is colonial and establishes underground colonies of a few to thousands of individuals (reportedly up to c.500,000 individuals), which can be located ven deep in caves and up to 450 m from entrances. Colonies occur in natural caves (sometimes very extensive), manmade structures (mines, cellars, and wells), and perhaps hollow trees. Colonies are mixed sex, regardless of annual reproductive cvcle. When roosting, African Trident Bats hang from ceilings alone or in groups. ln Ethiopia , African Trident Bats roosted in a large karst system with Eloquent Horseshoe Bats ( Rhinolophus eloquens), Iander`s Horseshoe Bats (R. landen), Temminck`s Myotis (Myotis tricolor), African bong-fingered Bats (Minwpmus rrfi-iranus), and Harrison’s Giant Mastiff Bats (Otomops harrisoni). Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Some populations of African Trident Bats are considered threatened by disturbance at roost sites and mining activities. Bibliography. Ae en à Brosset (1968) Benda & Va o (2009) Dur¢ & Mutere (1977) Happod M (2013ab) Hıl (1982 a Kockåı Feten 1980). Lanza era (2015) Ma nova (1979) Marthews (1942) Monadıem, Sdıoeman er a (2010) Monad em Tayor eta (2010) Peters (1877) Pye (1972), Tayor eta (2005)	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Rhinonycteridae	Triaenops afer	Triaenops		afer	Peters	1877	0	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1891:13:00	African Trident Bat	Present.	Mombaça (=Mombasa, Kenya)	Eritrea and Djibouti S to SE Zambia and E Zimbabwe, W to Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of Congo; SW Republic of Congo S into NW Angola	Not listed.	Least Concern	Distinct from persicus; see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). Includes majusculus , which was previously considered a synonym of persicus (Benda and Vallo, 2009). Cotterill (2001) suggested that majusculus may represent a separate species, but see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). See Turni and Kock (2008) for information on the type. Populations from the Rift Valley of Kenya previously assigned to afer have been referred to persicus ; see Rossoni et al. (2020).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Triaenops afer	23	African Trident Bat	Chewbacca Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	RHINONYCTERIDAE	NA	NA	Triaenops	NA	afer	W. Peters	1877	0	Triaenops_afer	Peters, W. C. H. (1877). Mittheilung über eine kleine Sammlung von Säugethieren, welche der Reisende Hr. J.M. Hildebrandt aus Mombaca in Ostafrica eingesandt hat. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1877 [for 1876], 913.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109636#page/997/mode/1up	ZMB 5074		"Mombaça," Mombasa County, Kenya.			afer W. Peters, 1877|majusculus Aellen & Brosset, 1968	split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae	Benda, P., & Vallo, P. (2009). Taxonomic revision of the genus Triaenops (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with description of a new species from southern Arabia and definitions of a new genus and tribe. Folia Zoologica, 58, 1-45.|Foley, N. M., Thong, V. D., Soisook, P., Goodman, S. M., Armstrong, K. N., Jacobs, D. S., ... & Teeling, E. C. (2015). How and why overcome the impediments to resolution: lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid bats. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32(2), 313-333.	Ethiopia|Djibouti|Somalia|Kenya|Uganda|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Tanzania|Zambia|Zimbabwe|Mozambique|Malawi|Central African Republic|Republic of the Congo|Gabon?|Angola	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Triaenops_afer	0	unmatched	NA	1	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	80000000	Triaenops afer	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	HIPPOSIDERIDAE	Triaenops	afer	Peters, 1877	Formerly considered Triaenops persicus or T. persicus afer . Taxonomic revision by Benda and Vallo (2009) determined that T. afer is a distinct species within its African range from T. persicus , which is restricted to the Middle East and South Asia.	100000000	Triaenops afer	Least Concern		2017	2016-04-25 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	<p>This species generally inhabits riparian habitats in low-lying woodlands and savanna. Vonhof and ;Kalcounis (1999) indicate that this species is characterised as a tree-roosting bat preferring small trees and shrubs. Populations have been recorded roosting in caves and mines (Skinner and Chimimba 2005). It is known to be roosting in large numbers alongside other species in coral caves in coastal Kenya. as well as to be roosting in caves alongside other species in near Gorongosa National Park in Mozambique.</p>	There appear to be no major threats to this widespread species as a whole. The species is locally threatened in parts of its range by disturbance of roost sites and mining activities. Populations have been recorded roosting in caves and mines (Skinner and Chimimba 2005).	Some colonies of this bat can be quite large, with up to half a million animals recorded in the Koalin Mines of Tanzania. In peripheral parts of the range, such as Zimbabwe, colonies are often much smaller.	Unknown	This species is widely distributed ranging through much of East Africa, with records from Djibouti in the north to central Mozambique and east Zimbabwe. The species has also been recorded in Central Africa from the Congo and Central African Republic border, south Congo, Angola and possibly Gabon. ;This species has also been recorded in Malawi in 2015 and 2016, captured in mist nets in Liwonde National Park and Satemwa Tea estates in the shire highlands.		Terrestrial	There appear to be no direct conservation measures in place. It occurs in several protected areas in Mozambique (Monadjem et al. 2010a) and Tanzania. Further taxonomic studies are needed for specimens of Triaenops from the Albertine Rift.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Rhinonycteridae	Triaenops		afer	Peters	1877	0	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1891:13:00	African Trident Bat	Present.	Mombaça (=Mombasa, Kenya)	Eritrea and Djibouti S to SE Zambia and E Zimbabwe, W to Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of Congo; SW Republic of Congo S into NW Angola	Not listed.	Least Concern	Distinct from persicus; see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). Includes majusculus , which was previously considered a synonym of persicus (Benda and Vallo, 2009). Cotterill (2001) suggested that majusculus may represent a separate species, but see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). See Turni and Kock (2008) for information on the type. Populations from the Rift Valley of Kenya previously assigned to afer have been referred to persicus ; see Rossoni et al. (2020).	Triaenops afer	1004766	23	African Trident Bat	Chewbacca Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Rhinonycteridae	NA	NA	Triaenops	NA	afer	W. Peters	1877	0	Triaenops_afer	Peters, W. C. H. (1877). Mittheilung über eine kleine Sammlung von Säugethieren, welche der Reisende Hr. J.M. Hildebrandt aus Mombaca in Ostafrica eingesandt hat. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1877 [for 1876], 913.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109636#page/997/mode/1up	ZMB 5074		"Mombaça," Mombasa County, Kenya.			afer W. Peters, 1877|majusculus Aellen & Brosset, 1968	split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae	Benda, P., & Vallo, P. (2009). Taxonomic revision of the genus Triaenops (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with description of a new species from southern Arabia and definitions of a new genus and tribe. Folia Zoologica, 58, 1-45.|Foley, N. M., Thong, V. D., Soisook, P., Goodman, S. M., Armstrong, K. N., Jacobs, D. S., ... & Teeling, E. C. (2015). How and why overcome the impediments to resolution: lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid bats. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32(2), 313-333.				Ethiopia|Djibouti|Somalia|Kenya|Uganda|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Tanzania|Zambia|Zimbabwe|Mozambique|Malawi|Central African Republic|Republic of the Congo|Gabon?|Angola	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Triaenops_afer	0	unmatched	NA	1	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Triaenops_afer	1004766	23	African Trident Bat	Chewbacca Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Rhinonycteridae	NA	NA	Triaenops	NA	afer	W. C. H. Peters	0	Triaenops afer	Peters, W.C.H. 1877. Hr. W. Peters machte eine Mittheilung über eine kleine Sammlung von Säugethieren, welche der Reisende Hr. J. M. Hildebrandt aus Mombaça in Ostafrica eingesandt hat. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1876:912-914.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35330318	ZMB 5074	holotype		"Mombaça," Mombasa County, Kenya.			split from T. persicus; moved from Hipposideridae to Rhinonycteridae	Benda, P., & Vallo, P. (2009). Taxonomic revision of the genus Triaenops (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with description of a new species from southern Arabia and definitions of a new genus and tribe. Folia Zoologica, 58, 1-45.|Foley, N. M., Thong, V. D., Soisook, P., Goodman, S. M., Armstrong, K. N., Jacobs, D. S., ... & Teeling, E. C. (2015). How and why overcome the impediments to resolution: lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid bats. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32(2), 313-333.				Ethiopia|Djibouti|Somalia|Kenya|Uganda|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Tanzania|Zambia|Zimbabwe|Mozambique|Malawi|Central African Republic|Republic of the Congo|Gabon?|Angola	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Triaenops_afer	0	unmatched	NA	1	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Rhinonycteridae	Triaenops		afer	Peters	1877	0	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1891:13:00	African Trident Bat	Present.	Mombaça (=Mombasa, Kenya)	Eritrea and Djibouti S to SE Zambia and E Zimbabwe, W to Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of Congo; SW Republic of Congo S into NW Angola	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/81081036/95642225/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Distinct from persicus; see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). Includes majusculus, which was previously considered a synonym of persicus (Benda and Vallo, 2009). Cotterill (2001) suggested that majusculus may represent a separate species, but see Benda and Vallo (2009) and Rossoni et al. (2020). See Turni and Kock (2008) for information on the type. Populations from the Rift Valley of Kenya previously assigned to afer have been referred to persicus; see Rossoni et al. (2020).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Triaenops afer; Triaenops afer; Triaenops afer; Triaenops afer; Triaenops afer; afer; majusculus; Tr aen ps dAlrque German; Chewbacca Bat; African Trident Bat; Chewbacca Bat; African Trident Bat; T. afer