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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1606	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous hamiltoni		[MSW2] Subgenus Liponycteris.; [MSW3] Subgenus Liponycteris.; [HMW] Taphozous hamiltoni Thomas, 1920 , “ Mongalla , Sudan .” Taphozous hamiltoni is in the subgenus Taphozous . Monotypic .; [batnames2022] None.; [batnames2023] None.; [batnames2025_1.7] None.														hamiltoni				hamiltoni	hamiltoni			hamiltoni O. Thomas, 1920		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Hamilton's tomb bat	Sudan, NW Kenya	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Taphozous hamiltoni	Sudan, Equatoria, Mongalla.	Thomas	1920	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 5:142.	Distribu tion: Known only from southern Chad, southern Sudan, and northern Kenya.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Hamilton's tomb bat	Sudan, NW Kenya, ? S Chad; ref. 4.29	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Thomas	1920	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 5:142.	Subgenus Liponycteris.	S Sudan, Chad, Kenya.	Sudan, Equatoria, Mongalla.		THOMAS	1920	Size relatively small (forearm length, 61-69 mm). A slight but definite concavity in the frontal region. Hairless rump and pygal areas relatively small. Occipital "helmet" of skull poorly developed.	Distribu tion: Known only from southern Chad, southern Sudan, and northern Kenya.	No subspecies. (KOOPMAN 1975, for placement and distribution of this species).		42	species	T. hamiltoni	THOMAS	1920	Liponycteris	subgenus	Taphozous hamiltoni				Size relatively small (forearm length, 61-69 mm). A slight but definite concavity in the frontal region. Hairless rump and pygal areas relatively small. Occipital "helmet" of skull poorly developed.	No subspecies. (KOOPMAN 1975, for placement and distribution of this species).		12. T. hamiltoni THOMAS 1920.	12	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Emballonuridae	Taphozoinae		Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous	Liponycteris	hamiltoni	Thomas		1920		Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9	5		142		Hamilton's Tomb Bat	Sudan, Equatoria, Mongalla.	S Sudan, Chad, Kenya, possibly Somalia.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.		Subgenus Liponycteris.	03D587F2FFCC4C00F834333AFC4CFC29	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Emballorunidae.pdf.imd	hash://md5/ffecff8affcf4c04ffa53577fff8ffe9	352	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/D5/87/03D587F2FFCC4C07FF443A59F319FA37.xml	Taphozous hamiltoni	Emballonuridae	Taphozous	hamiltoni	Thomas	1920	Hamilton’s Tomb Bat @en | Taphien de Hamilton @fr | Hamilton-Grabfledermaus @de | Tafozode Hamilton @es	Taphozous hamiltoni Thomas, 1920 , “ Mongalla , Sudan .” Taphozous hamiltoni is in the subgenus Taphozous . Monotypic .	E Africa, few records scattered in Sudan, Somalia (Lower Sheikh), South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania (Shanwa); also isolated records from Chad (Sarh). Its füll distribution is poorly known .	Head—body 80-84 mm, tail 20-35 mm, ear 15-22 mm, hindfoot 15-16 mm, forearm 61-71 mm; weight 19-4-22 g. Hamilton’s Tomb Bat has dark sepiabrown to rusty brown dorsum, with slighdy lighter venter. Fur is unicolored and sleek. Sexes are not dimorphic in color or size. Flight membranes are dark brown. Hindlegs are naked and dark brown. Adult breeding males and females have well-developed gular pouches. Radio-metacarpal sacs are present on wings ofmales and females. Viewed from above, head is flat and subtriangular, with pointed muzzle. Lower lip is prominently grooved. Eyes are large. Ears are subtriangular and pointed backward, with papillae along lower margins. Tragus is 7 mm long and broad, having axe-head shape and prominent lobule at base of posterior margin. Skull is smoothly convex laterally until reaching weakly concave forehead. Sagittal crest is low, and occipital helmet is weakly developed.	Dry and moist savanna woodlands including Acacia ( Fabaceae ) and Acacia- Commiphora ( Burseraceae ) woodlands, grasslands, and semi-desert shrublands.	Hamilton’s Tomb Bats are insectivorous.	No information.	Hamilton’s Tomb Bats roost in rock fissures and caves.	No information.	Classified as Data Deficient on IUCNRed List. Extent of occurrence, status, trends, ecological requirements, and threats of Hamilton’s Tomb Bat are unknown. It could be declining due to habitat loss by spread of agriculture, but it probably occurs in protected areas. Distribution, ecological requirements, and conservation status require additional investigation.	ACR (2006, 2017) | Kingdon (1974) | Mickleburgh, Hutson & Bergmans (2008 a)		4 . Hamilton’s Tomb Bat Taphozous hamiltoni French: Taphien de Hamilton / German: Hamilton-Grabfledermaus / Spanish: Tafozo de Hamilton Taxonomy . Taphozous hamiltoni Thomas, 1920 , “ Mongalla , Sudan .” Taphozous hamiltoni is in the subgenus Taphozous . Monotypic . Distribution. E Africa, few records scattered in Sudan, Somalia (Lower Sheikh), South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania (Shanwa); also isolated records from Chad (Sarh). Its füll distribution is poorly known . Descriptive notes. Head—body 80-84 mm, tail 20-35 mm, ear 15-22 mm, hindfoot 15-16 mm, forearm 61-71 mm; weight 19-4-22 g. Hamilton’s Tomb Bat has dark sepiabrown to rusty brown dorsum, with slighdy lighter venter. Fur is unicolored and sleek. Sexes are not dimorphic in color or size. Flight membranes are dark brown. Hindlegs are naked and dark brown. Adult breeding males and females have well-developed gular pouches. Radio-metacarpal sacs are present on wings ofmales and females. Viewed from above, head is flat and subtriangular, with pointed muzzle. Lower lip is prominently grooved. Eyes are large. Ears are subtriangular and pointed backward, with papillae along lower margins. Tragus is 7 mm long and broad, having axe-head shape and prominent lobule at base of posterior margin. Skull is smoothly convex laterally until reaching weakly concave forehead. Sagittal crest is low, and occipital helmet is weakly developed. Habitat . Dry and moist savanna woodlands including Acacia ( Fabaceae ) and Acacia- Commiphora ( Burseraceae ) woodlands, grasslands, and semi-desert shrublands. Food and Feeding . Hamilton’s Tomb Bats are insectivorous. Breeding . No information. Activity patterns. Hamilton’s Tomb Bats roost in rock fissures and caves. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation . Classified as Data Deficient on IUCNRed List. Extent of occurrence, status, trends, ecological requirements, and threats of Hamilton’s Tomb Bat are unknown. It could be declining due to habitat loss by spread of agriculture, but it probably occurs in protected areas. Distribution, ecological requirements, and conservation status require additional investigation. Bibliography. ACR (2006, 2017), Kingdon (1974), Mickleburgh, Hutson & Bergmans (2008 a ).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Emballonuridae	Taphozous hamiltoni	Taphozous		hamiltoni	Thomas	1920	0	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 9, 5: 142	Hamilton's Tomb Bat	None.	Sudan, Equatoria, Mongalla.	S Sudan, Chad, Kenya, possibly Somalia.	Not listed.	Data Deficient	None.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Taphozous hamiltoni	23	Hamilton's Tomb Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	EMBALLONUROIDEA	EMBALLONURIDAE	TAPHOZOINAE	NA	Taphozous	Liponycteris	hamiltoni	O. Thomas	1920	0	Taphozous_hamiltoni	Thomas, O. (1920). A new Taphozous from the Sudan. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 9, 5, 142.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53348#page/160/mode/1up	BM 1919.12.18.1		"Mongalla, Sudan."			hamiltoni O. Thomas, 1920	NA	NA	Sudan|Somalia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania|Chad	Africa	Afrotropic	DD	0	0	0	Taphozous_hamiltoni	0	sciname match	Taphozous_hamiltoni	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	21455	Taphozous hamiltoni	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	EMBALLONURIDAE	Taphozous	hamiltoni	Thomas, 1920		20000000	Taphozous hamiltoni	Data Deficient		2019	2018-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	The species is confirmed as Data Deficient in view of continuing uncertainties as to its extent of occurrence, status, trends and ecological requirements.	It has been recorded from savanna, and from mountainous areas, but very little is known. It might be be a cave-dependent species.	The threats facing this species are unknown. It could be declining due to habitat loss through agriculture, but the data to confirm this are lacking.	There is no information, as there are few records of this species.	Unknown	Hamilton's tomb bat is not well known, and there are very few records. It is known mainly from east Africa (including records from Sudan, Somalia, Kenya, and Tanzania), and there is one additional record from southern Chad (African Chiroptera Report 2006).		Terrestrial	No specific conservation measures are in place. It probably occurs in some protected areas. The distribution and ecological requirements of this species require further investigation.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Emballonuridae	Taphozous		hamiltoni	Thomas	1920	0	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 9, 5: 142	Hamilton's Tomb Bat	None.	Sudan, Equatoria, Mongalla.	S Sudan, Chad, Kenya, possibly Somalia.	Not listed.	Data Deficient	None.	Taphozous hamiltoni	1004820	23	Hamilton's Tomb Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	EMBALLONUROIDEA	Emballonuridae	TAPHOZOINAE	NA	Taphozous	Liponycteris	hamiltoni	O. Thomas	1920	0	Taphozous_hamiltoni	Thomas, O. (1920). A new Taphozous from the Sudan. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 9, 5, 142.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53348#page/160/mode/1up	BM 1919.12.18.1		"Mongalla, Sudan."			hamiltoni O. Thomas, 1920	NA	NA				Sudan|Somalia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania|Chad	Africa	Afrotropic	DD	0	0	0	Taphozous_hamiltoni	0	sciname match	Taphozous_hamiltoni	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Taphozous_hamiltoni	1004820	23	Hamilton's Tomb Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Emballonuroidea	Emballonuridae	Taphozoinae	NA	Taphozous	NA	hamiltoni	O. Thomas	0	Taphozous hamiltoni	Thomas, O. 1920-01-01. A new _Taphozous_ from the Sudan. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)5(25):142-144.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15625185	BMNH:Mamm:1919.12.18.1	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/a27002fd-8412-4173-a542-985035fa4d8f	"Mongalla, Sudan."			NA	NA				Sudan|Somalia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania|Chad	Africa	Afrotropic	DD	0	0	0	Taphozous_hamiltoni	0	sciname match	Taphozous_hamiltoni	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Emballonuridae	Taphozous		hamiltoni	Thomas	1920	0	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 9, 5: 142	Hamilton's Tomb Bat	None.	Sudan, Equatoria, Mongalla.	S Sudan, Chad, Kenya, possibly Somalia.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21455/22111838/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	None.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Taphozous hamiltoni; Taphozous hamiltoni; Taphozous hamiltoni; Taphozous hamiltoni; Taphozous hamiltoni; Taphozous hamiltoni; hamiltoni; Hamilton’s Tomb Bat; Taphien de Hamilton; Hamilton-Grabfledermaus; Tafozode Hamilton; Hamilton's Tomb Bat; Hamilton's Tomb Bat; Hamilton's Tomb Bat; T. hamiltoni