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authorityParentheses originalNameCombination authoritySpeciesCitation authoritySpeciesLink typeVoucher typeKind typeVoucherURIs typeLocality typeLocalityLatitude typeLocalityLongitude taxonomyNotes taxonomyNotesCitation distributionNotes distributionNotesCitation subregionDistribution countryDistribution continentDistribution biogeographicRealm iucnStatus extinct domestic flagged CMW_sciName diffSinceCMW MSW3_matchtype MSW3_sciName diffSinceMSW3 docOrigin_batnames2025 Family Genus Subgenus Species Author Date Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses) Citation Pages Common Name Synonyms Type Locality Distribution CITES IUCN Comments column3781 column3791 subtribe CONCAT_ALTNAMES line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1582 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Sturnira perla [HMW] Sturnira perla Jarrin-Valladares & Kunz, 2011 , “ Ecuador , Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas , Bosque Protector La Perla at 200 meters of altitude ( 0°08’N , 79°30°W ), 2 km south of La Concordia.” This species is monotypic.; [MDD2022] recently described; [MDD2023] recently described; [MDD2025_2.0] recently described; [MDD2025_2.2] recently described perla perla perla perla JarrÃn-Valladares & Kunz, 2011 N/A NA 03A687BCFF8FFF8F1384FCE9FC77F85A Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions 978-84-16728-19-0 hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf hash://md5/ff9fffc4ffb1ffb1133cffbaffe0f244 546 zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/A6/87/03A687BCFF8FFF8E1690F3D4FCE2F46C.xml Sturnira perla Phyllostomidae Sturnira perla Jarrin-Valladares & Kunz 2011 Sturnire de La Perla @fr | Perla-Gelbschulterfledermaus @de | Sturniro de La Perla @es | La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat @en Sturnira perla Jarrin-Valladares & Kunz, 2011 , “ Ecuador , Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas , Bosque Protector La Perla at 200 meters of altitude ( 0°08’N , 79°30°W ), 2 km south of La Concordia.” This species is monotypic. Endemic to NW Ecuador ; its presence in SW Colombia is expected. Head-body 56-66 mm (tailless), ear 14-17 mm, forearm 41-45 mm; weight 18 g . The Perla Yellowshouldered Bat is medium-sized, externally similar to Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (S. wisi) and the Northern Yellowshouldered Bat ( S. parvidens ). Dorsal fur is grayish brown with four-banded hairs; sometimes shoulders and neck of adults (especially males) have yellow or reddish patch; ventral fur is paler, with tricolored hairs. The Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat is characterized by a spherical skull, noticeably round and robust, with pronounced curved zygomatic arches. Lower molars have poorly defined cusps toward tongue. [.owlands and adjacent slopes in primary and secondary humid tropical forests on western side of the Andes at elevations of 35-700 m. There is no specific information available for this species, but yellow-shouldered bats feed on fruits, being largely dependent on Solanum ( Solanaceae ) and Piper ( Piperaceae ) on the lowlands. The distinct shape of the skull of the Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat suggests that it might also be divergent in its feeding behavior. No information. The Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat is nocturnal. No information. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. The Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat is rare and poorly known, with a restricted distribution. There is no information available on population size, and therefore its conservation status is unknown. Deforestation and mining are probably its main threats. Records came from two protected areas: Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve and La Perla Protected Forest. Nevertheless, La Perla is an isolated patch of Ecuadorean Choco forest consisting of only 226 ha of primary forest surrounded by vast expanses of monocultures consisting mostly of grazing lands, oil palms, and banana trees. Jarrin-Valladares & Kunz (2011) | Tirira (2017) 131. Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat Sturnira perla French: Sturnire de La Perla / German: Perla-Gelbschulterfledermaus / Spanish: Sturniro de La Perla Other common names: La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat Taxonomy. Sturnira perla Jarrin-Valladares & Kunz, 2011 , “ Ecuador , Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas , Bosque Protector La Perla at 200 meters of altitude ( 0°08’N , 79°30°W ), 2 km south of La Concordia.” This species is monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to NW Ecuador ; its presence in SW Colombia is expected. Descriptive notes. Head-body 56-66 mm (tailless), ear 14-17 mm, forearm 41-45 mm; weight 18 g . The Perla Yellowshouldered Bat is medium-sized, externally similar to Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (S. wisi) and the Northern Yellowshouldered Bat ( S. parvidens ). Dorsal fur is grayish brown with four-banded hairs; sometimes shoulders and neck of adults (especially males) have yellow or reddish patch; ventral fur is paler, with tricolored hairs. The Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat is characterized by a spherical skull, noticeably round and robust, with pronounced curved zygomatic arches. Lower molars have poorly defined cusps toward tongue. Habitat. [.owlands and adjacent slopes in primary and secondary humid tropical forests on western side of the Andes at elevations of 35-700 m. Food and Feeding. There is no specific information available for this species, but yellow-shouldered bats feed on fruits, being largely dependent on Solanum ( Solanaceae ) and Piper ( Piperaceae ) on the lowlands. The distinct shape of the skull of the Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat suggests that it might also be divergent in its feeding behavior. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat is nocturnal. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. The Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat is rare and poorly known, with a restricted distribution. There is no information available on population size, and therefore its conservation status is unknown. Deforestation and mining are probably its main threats. Records came from two protected areas: Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve and La Perla Protected Forest. Nevertheless, La Perla is an isolated patch of Ecuadorean Choco forest consisting of only 226 ha of primary forest surrounded by vast expanses of monocultures consisting mostly of grazing lands, oil palms, and banana trees. Bibliography. Jarrin-Valladares & Kunz (2011), Tirira (2017). Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022. Phyllostomidae Sturnira perla Sturnira perla Jarrin-V & Kunz 2011 0 Zootaxa ###### La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat None. Ecaudor, Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Bosque Protector La Perla NW Ecuador; may extend into NW Colombia Not listed. Data Deficient Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023 Sturnira perla 23 Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIFORMES NA NA NOCTILIONOIDEA PHYLLOSTOMIDAE STENODERMATINAE STURNIRINI Sturnira Sturnira perla JarrÃn-Valladares & Kunz 2011 0 Sturnira_perla JarrÃn-V. & Kunz, T. H. (2011). A new species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa, 2755, 6. https://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/2/zt02755p035.pdf QCAZ 120 "Ecuador, Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Bosque Protector La Perla at 200 meters of altitude (0Â°08'N, 79Â°30'W), 2 km south of La Concordia." 0.1333 -79.5 perla JarrÃn-Valladares & Kunz, 2011 recently described Roca, Q. (2011). A new species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa, 2755, 1-35. Ecuador|Colombia? South America Neotropic DD 0 0 0 Sturnira_perla 0 unmatched NA 1 IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022]. 90000000 Sturnira perla ANIMALIA CHORDATA MAMMALIA CHIROPTERA PHYLLOSTOMIDAE Sturnira perla Jarrin &; Kunz, 2011 90000000 Sturnira perla Data Deficient 2016 2016-07-15 00:00:00 UTC 3.1 English This species is listed as Data Deficient as it has only recently been described and its ecological requirements are poorly known. The current known distribution is limited, although given our current lack of major data on its ecology, the true distribution may be more restricted or may be broader. The dominant habitat has been extensively affected by deforestation and fragmentation within its presumed range. Indeed, more surveys are required. Seven of the fourteen specimens known for S. perla were collected from an isolated patch of Ecuadorean ChocÃ³ forest consisting of 226 ha of primary forest, known as â€œBosque Protector la Perlaâ€, and surrounded by vast expanses of monocultures consisting mostly of grazing lands, oil palms and banana trees (Jarrin and Kunz 2011). These authors hypothesize that the distinct shape of the skull in this species, relative to the highly overlapped distribution that other lowland species have in morphometric space, suggests it ;may also be remarkably divergent in its ecological habits, especially those immediately related to feeding behaviour. All 14 specimens known for this species come from a highly devastated area, suffering from an accelerated rate of deforestation, amidst a human population affected from increasingly levels of social unrest and poverty (Jarrin and Kunz 2011). The most recent collection records for Sturnira perla are from over a decade ago (Jarrin and Kunz 2011). This species seems to be uncommon through its limited distribution area. Unknown This species is known only from the tropical rainforest lowlands of the ChocÃ³ forests in Ecuador. Its presence may also extend to the Colombian ChocÃ³ (Jarrin and Kunz 2011). Terrestrial Half of the known specimens come from a private protected reserve isolated from larger extensions of natural ChocÃ³ forests (Jarrin and Kunz 2011). Neotropical FALSE FALSE Global Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 Phyllostomidae Sturnira perla Jarrin-V & Kunz 2011 0 Zootaxa ######## La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat None. Ecaudor, Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Bosque Protector La Perla NW Ecuador; may extend into NW Colombia Not listed. Data Deficient Sturnira perla 1005091 23 Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIFORMES NA NA NOCTILIONOIDEA Phyllostomidae STENODERMATINAE STURNIRINI Sturnira Sturnira perla JarrÃn-Valladares & Kunz 2011 0 Sturnira_perla JarrÃn-V. & Kunz, T. H. (2011). A new species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa, 2755, 6. https://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/2/zt02755p035.pdf QCAZ 120 "Ecuador, Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Bosque Protector La Perla at 200 meters of altitude (0Â°08'N, 79Â°30'W), 2 km south of La Concordia." 0.133333 -79.5 perla JarrÃn-Valladares & Kunz, 2011 recently described Roca, Q. (2011). A new species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa, 2755, 1-35. Ecuador|Colombia? South America Neotropic DD 0 0 0 Sturnira_perla 0 unmatched NA 1 Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393 Sturnira_perla 1005091 23 Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat Theria Placentalia Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Chiroptera Yangochiroptera NA NA Noctilionoidea Phyllostomidae Stenodermatinae Sturnirini Sturnira Sturnira perla JarrÃn-Valladares & Kunz 0 Sturnira perla JarrÃn-Valladares, P. and Kunz, T.H. 2011-02-02. A new species of _Sturnira_ (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa 2755:1-35. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2755.1.1 QCAZ 120 holotype "Ecuador, Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Bosque Protector La Perla at 200 meters of altitude (0Â°08'N, 79Â°30'W), 2 km south of La Concordia." 0.133333 -79.5 recently described Roca, Q. (2011). A new species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador. Zootaxa, 2755, 1-35. Ecuador|Colombia? South America Neotropic DD 0 0 0 Sturnira_perla 0 unmatched NA 1 Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586 Phyllostomidae Sturnira perla Jarrin-V & Kunz 2011 0 Zootaxa ######## La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat None. Ecaudor, Provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Bosque Protector La Perla NW Ecuador; may extend into NW Colombia Not Listed Data Deficient Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505 NA Sturnira perla; Sturnira perla; Sturnira perla; Sturnira perla; Sturnira perla; perla; Sturnire de La Perla; Perla-Gelbschulterfledermaus; Sturniro de La Perla; La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat; Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat; La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat; La Perla Forest Yellow-shouldered Bat; S. perla