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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1522	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes ornatus		[MSW3] Includes emarginatus; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E. Hill (1974c). Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b).; [HMW] Nycticejus ornatus Blyth, 1851 , “Chérra Punji [= Cherrapunji],” East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya , India . Scotomanes is sister to la within Eptesicini. Form imbrensis is tentatively considered a synonym of ornatus until more refined studies validate its distinctiveness. Form emarginatus (known only from the holotype) has been recognized as a distinct species but is generally considered a synonym of S. ornatus , which is followed here. ‘Two subspecies recognized.; [batnames2022] Includes emarginatus ; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E.Hill (1974 c) . Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ).; [IUCN] Earlier included under Scotoeinus Dobson, 1875 (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951), the taxon emarginatus Dobson, 1871, is included under Scotomanes ornatus (Blyth, 1851) (Sinha and Chakraborty 1971, Hill 1974, Corbet and Hill 1992, Bates and Harrison 1997, Simmons 2020). The taxon imbrensis Thomas, 1921, earlier synonymized under Scotomanes ornatus (Blyth, 1851) (Das et al. 1995, Koopman 1993, Bates and Harrison 1997), is treated as subspecies (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951, Corbet and Hill 1992, Simmons 2005) (Srinivasulu et al. 2012).; [batnames2023] Includes emarginatus ; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E.Hill (1974 c) . Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ).; [batnames2025_1.7] Includes emarginatus; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E.Hill (1974c). Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b).						imbrensis, nivicolus, sinensis.	ornatus, imbrensis, sinensis	ornatus, imbrensis, sinensis	nivicolus; Unassigned - emarginatus	ornatus, sinensis	imbrensis, emarginatus	ornatus, imbrensis, sinensis	ornatus - nivicolus; Unassigned - emarginatus	ornatus, nivicolus, emarginatus, imbrensis, sinensis	Earlier included under Scotoeinus Dobson, 1875 (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951), the taxon emarginatus Dobson, 1871, is included under Scotomanes ornatus (Blyth, 1851) (Sinha and Chakraborty 1971, Hill 1974, Corbet and Hill 1992, Bates and Harrison 1997, Simmons 2020). The taxon imbrensis Thomas, 1921, earlier synonymized under Scotomanes ornatus (Blyth, 1851) (Das et al. 1995, Koopman 1993, Bates and Harrison 1997), is treated as subspecies (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951, Corbet and Hill 1992, Simmons 2005) (Srinivasulu et al. 2012).	ornatus, imbrensis, sinensis, Unassigned	ornatus - nivicolus; Unassigned - emarginatus	ornatus, nivicolus, emarginatus, imbrensis, sinensis	ornatus, ornatus, nivicolus, emarginatus, imbrensis, sinensis	imbrensis, ornatus, sinensis	emarginatus; ornatus - nivicolus 	ornatus (E. Blyth, 1851)|ornatus (E. Blyth, 1851) [nomen nudum]|nivicolus (Horsfield, 1855)|emarginatus (Dobson, 1871)|imbrensis O. Thomas, 1921|sinensis O. Thomas, 1921		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Harlequin bat	N India – S China, Vietnam	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Scotomanes ornatus	India, Assam, Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji.	Blyth	1851	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 20:511.	Distribution: Same as for genus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Harlequin bat	NE India – S China, Vietnam	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Blyth	1851	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 20:511.		NE India (including Sikkim), Burma, S China, Thailand, Vietnam.	India, Assam, Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji.		BLYTH	1851	Size medium to relatively large (forearm length, 50-64 mm). White spots on head, throat, and sides of the body.	Distribution: Same as for genus.	Three subspecies are recognized:	S. o. ornatus (northeastern India), S. o. imbrensis (northeastern India and northern Burma), S. o. sinensis (southern China, Vietnam, northern Thailand).	128	species	S. ornatus	BLYTH	1851	Scotomanes	genus	Scotomanes ornatus				Size medium to relatively large (forearm length, 50-64 mm). White spots on head, throat, and sides of the body.	Three subspecies are recognized:		1. S. ornatus (BLYTH 1851).	1	_S. o. imbrensis_ Thomas, 1921; _S. o. ornatus_ (Blyth, 1851) (synonyms: _nivicolus_ (Horsfield, 1855)); _S. o. sinensis_ Thomas, 1921			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Nycticeiini	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes		ornatus	Blyth	y	1851		J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	20		511		Harlequin Bat	India, Assam, Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji.	NE India (including Sikkim), Burma, S China, Thailand, Vietnam.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt) as S. ornatus; Data Deficient as S. emarginatus.	nivicolus Hodgson, 1855; imbrensis Thomas, 1921; sinensis Thomas, 1921. Unassigned: emarginatus Dobson, 1871 [locality unknown, although thought to be from some part of India].	Includes emarginatus; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E. Hill (1974c). Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b).	03AD87FAFFD3F6328C6B3EF0FC94F60A	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff94ff82ffc4f62a891e341cffa5ff9b	837	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFB46A0BFF7997F21FD8B734.xml	Scotomanes ornatus	Vespertilionidae	Scotomanes	ornatus	Blyth	1851	Sérotine ornée @fr | Harlekin-Fledermaus @de | Scotomanoarlequin @es	Nycticejus ornatus Blyth, 1851 , “Chérra Punji [= Cherrapunji],” East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya , India . Scotomanes is sister to la within Eptesicini. Form imbrensis is tentatively considered a synonym of ornatus until more refined studies validate its distinctiveness. Form emarginatus (known only from the holotype) has been recognized as a distinct species but is generally considered a synonym of S. ornatus , which is followed here. ‘Two subspecies recognized.	S.o.ornatusBlyth,1851—ENepal,NEIndia(Sikkim,WestBengal,Assam,Meghalaya,ArunachalPradesh,Nagaland,andManipur),andNBangladesh. S. o. sinensis Thomas, 1921 — N & E Myanmar , N Thailand , Laos , N & C Vietnam , and China ( Sichuan and Yunnan E to Anhui and Fujian , including Hainan I).	Head—body 64-85 mm, tail 50-66 mm, ear 19-23 mm, hindfoot 12-15 mm, forearm 50-64 mm; weight 20-30 g. The Harlequin Bat is large and spectacularly colored. Subspecies sinensis is smaller and darker than ornatus . Fur is dense and rather tangled. Dorsal pelage is orange to orangish brown or sometimes nearly reddish brown, with white patches on top of head, shoulders, and sides and white line down middle of back; white shoulder, head, and midline spotting is variable, and some individuals have asymmetrical spotting or spots behind ears. Ventral pelage is a complex pattern of black, orange or orangish brown (or grayish yellow in some individuals), and white, with mixed black and orangish brown vague T-shape making collar and median line of variable thickness, rest being predominately white with border of black and orangish brown hairs where membranes meet body, although there are white, black, and orangish brown hairs mixed in throughout; ventral pattern is variable, more or less white, black, or orangish brown. Ears are large, with evenly convex anterior borders, broadly rounded tips, and brown and naked on both sides; tragus is one-third to onehalf the length of ear and is broad crescent-shaped, with bluntly pointed tip. Muzzle is short and stubby looking, with inflated nasal glands and simple outturned nostrils, and face is virtually naked and brownish pink. Wing membranes and uropatagium are dark brown, contrasting orangish brown digits, forearms, and humerus. Uropatagium connects to calcar and runs to end of tail. Baculum is very small (c. 1 mm long) and subtriangular, with broad bifurcated base and bluntly pointed tip. Skull is robust and broad, with very short rostrum; lacrimal process and supraorbital ridges are prominent; zygomatic arches are strong; palatal sinus is very small; braincase is low; sagittal and lambdoidalcrests are well developed; I is relatively large, unicuspid, and separate from C'; C' lacks secondary cusp and has well-developed cingulum; there is only one upper premolar that touches C'; M? is greatly reduced and essentially lacks metacone; and P, 1s two-thirds the size of P. Dental formulaisl1/3,.C1/1,P1/2,M 3/3 (x2) = 30.	Deep, humid valleys and hilly forests ( India ) and areas with secondary growth ( Vietnam ) from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2200 m .	The Harlequin Batis insectivorous. Feces from Vietnam contained fragments of thick chitin, sometimes of bright green color, suggesting presence of middle-sized Anomala beetles ( Coleoptera ) in diets.	No information.	Harlequin Bats reportedly roost by day on tree branches and banana leaves, which might explain their cryptic color pattern providing camouflage in foliage. They emerge late and are maneuverable aerial foragers, flying fast and high when foraging, making a twittering sound. Typical flight pattern is slow and heavy in open areas or near trees or rocky walls, usually not lower than 10 m aboveground. Calls are steep to shallow FM sweeps of ¢.80-25 kHz, with peak frequency of ¢.30 kHz. Calls in Vietnam had start frequencies of 43-62 kHz, end frequencies of 18-6-23-1 kHz, peak frequencies of 29-7-35-9 kHz, and durations of 2:2—4-4 milliseconds.	The Harlequin Bat probably roosts alone or in small groups.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.	Abramov et al. (2010) | Allen (1938b) | Bates & Harrison (1997) | Csorba, Bates, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008a) | Das et al. (1995) | Francis (2008a) | Kruskop (2013a) | Lekagul & McNeely (1977) | Liu Hao et al. (2011) | Lunde et al. (2007) | Nguyen Truong Son etal. (2016) | Simmons (2005) | Sinha & Chakraborty (1971) | Smith & Xie Yan (2008) | Thabah etal. (2007)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398116/files/figure.png	163. Harlequin Bat Scotomanes ornatus French: Sérotine ornée / German: Harlekin-Fledermaus / Spanish: Scotomano arlequin Taxonomy. Nycticejus ornatus Blyth, 1851 , “Chérra Punji [= Cherrapunji],” East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya , India . Scotomanes is sister to la within Eptesicini. Form imbrensis is tentatively considered a synonym of ornatus until more refined studies validate its distinctiveness. Form emarginatus (known only from the holotype) has been recognized as a distinct species but is generally considered a synonym of S. ornatus , which is followed here. ‘Two subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. S.o.ornatusBlyth,1851—ENepal,NEIndia(Sikkim,WestBengal,Assam,Meghalaya,ArunachalPradesh,Nagaland,andManipur),andNBangladesh. S. o. sinensis Thomas, 1921 — N & E Myanmar , N Thailand , Laos , N & C Vietnam , and China ( Sichuan and Yunnan E to Anhui and Fujian , including Hainan I). Descriptive notes. Head—body 64-85 mm, tail 50-66 mm, ear 19-23 mm, hindfoot 12-15 mm, forearm 50-64 mm; weight 20-30 g. The Harlequin Bat is large and spectacularly colored. Subspecies sinensis is smaller and darker than ornatus . Fur is dense and rather tangled. Dorsal pelage is orange to orangish brown or sometimes nearly reddish brown, with white patches on top of head, shoulders, and sides and white line down middle of back; white shoulder, head, and midline spotting is variable, and some individuals have asymmetrical spotting or spots behind ears. Ventral pelage is a complex pattern of black, orange or orangish brown (or grayish yellow in some individuals), and white, with mixed black and orangish brown vague T-shape making collar and median line of variable thickness, rest being predominately white with border of black and orangish brown hairs where membranes meet body, although there are white, black, and orangish brown hairs mixed in throughout; ventral pattern is variable, more or less white, black, or orangish brown. Ears are large, with evenly convex anterior borders, broadly rounded tips, and brown and naked on both sides; tragus is one-third to onehalf the length of ear and is broad crescent-shaped, with bluntly pointed tip. Muzzle is short and stubby looking, with inflated nasal glands and simple outturned nostrils, and face is virtually naked and brownish pink. Wing membranes and uropatagium are dark brown, contrasting orangish brown digits, forearms, and humerus. Uropatagium connects to calcar and runs to end of tail. Baculum is very small (c. 1 mm long) and subtriangular, with broad bifurcated base and bluntly pointed tip. Skull is robust and broad, with very short rostrum; lacrimal process and supraorbital ridges are prominent; zygomatic arches are strong; palatal sinus is very small; braincase is low; sagittal and lambdoidalcrests are well developed; I is relatively large, unicuspid, and separate from C'; C' lacks secondary cusp and has well-developed cingulum; there is only one upper premolar that touches C'; M? is greatly reduced and essentially lacks metacone; and P, 1s two-thirds the size of P. Dental formulaisl1/3,.C1/1,P1/2,M 3/3 (x2) = 30. Habitat. Deep, humid valleys and hilly forests ( India ) and areas with secondary growth ( Vietnam ) from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2200 m . Food and Feeding. The Harlequin Batis insectivorous. Feces from Vietnam contained fragments of thick chitin, sometimes of bright green color, suggesting presence of middle-sized Anomala beetles ( Coleoptera ) in diets. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Harlequin Bats reportedly roost by day on tree branches and banana leaves, which might explain their cryptic color pattern providing camouflage in foliage. They emerge late and are maneuverable aerial foragers, flying fast and high when foraging, making a twittering sound. Typical flight pattern is slow and heavy in open areas or near trees or rocky walls, usually not lower than 10 m aboveground. Calls are steep to shallow FM sweeps of ¢.80-25 kHz, with peak frequency of ¢.30 kHz. Calls in Vietnam had start frequencies of 43-62 kHz, end frequencies of 18-6-23-1 kHz, peak frequencies of 29-7-35-9 kHz, and durations of 2:2—4-4 milliseconds. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Harlequin Bat probably roosts alone or in small groups. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Abramov et al. (2010), Allen (1938b), Bates & Harrison (1997), Csorba, Bates, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008a), Das et al. (1995), Francis (2008a), Kruskop (2013a), Lekagul & McNeely (1977), Liu Hao et al. (2011), Lunde et al. (2007), Nguyen Truong Son etal. (2016), Simmons (2005), Sinha & Chakraborty (1971), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Thabah etal. (2007).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Scotomanes ornatus	Scotomanes		ornatus	Blyth	1851	1	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	1.1882	Harlequin Bat	 nivicolus Hodgson, 1855; <b> imbrensis </b> Thomas, 1921; <b> sinensis </b> Thomas, 1921. <b>Unassigned</b>: emarginatus Dobson, 1871 [locality unknown, although thought to be from some part of India].	India, Assam, Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji.	NE India (including Sikkim), Burma, S China, Thailand, Vietnam.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Includes emarginatus ; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E.Hill (1974 c) . Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Scotomanes ornatus	23	Harlequin Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Scotomanes	NA	ornatus	Blyth	1851	1						"Chérra Punji [= Cherrapunji]," East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, India.			ornatus (Blyth, 1851)|nivicolus (Hodgson, 1855)|emarginatus (Dobson, 1871)|imbrensis O. Thomas, 1921|sinensis O. Thomas, 1921	NA	NA	Nepal|India|Bangladesh|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam|China	Asia	Indomalaya|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Scotomanes_ornatus	0	sciname match	Scotomanes_ornatus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	20058	Scotomanes ornatus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Scotomanes	ornatus	(Blyth, 1851)	Earlier included under Scotoeinus Dobson, 1875 (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951), the taxon emarginatus Dobson, 1871, is included under Scotomanes ornatus (Blyth, 1851) (Sinha and Chakraborty 1971, Hill 1974, Corbet and Hill 1992, Bates and Harrison 1997, Simmons 2020). The taxon imbrensis Thomas, 1921, earlier synonymized under Scotomanes ornatus (Blyth, 1851) (Das et al. 1995, Koopman 1993, Bates and Harrison 1997), is treated as subspecies (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott 1951, Corbet and Hill 1992, Simmons 2005) (Srinivasulu et al. 2012).	20000000	Scotomanes ornatus	Least Concern		2021	2021-07-10 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Scotomanes ornatus is assessed as Least Concern due to its wide distribution and occurrence in protected areas throughout its range. Its population is inferred to be stable.	Scotomanes ornatus is an insectivorous bat (Eger 2002) and is found in both primary and secondary tropical moist forests, limestone caves (Tu et al. 2019), and in mountainous forested areas up to 2,200 m (S. Bumgrunsri pers. comm.) with mosaic landscapes that have available water sources (Tu et al. 2019). They emerge late and are high (around 10 meters above the ground) fast flyers (Bates and Harrison 1997, Tu et al. 2019) that forage for food around bodies of water (Eger 2002. In lowland forests, the species roosts in foliage in trees and in banana leaves (Smith and Xie 2008, Lekagul and McNeely 1997). The species has a generation length of 5.6 years (Pacifici et al. 2013).	In South Asia, it is locally threatened by deforestation resulting from logging operations and the conversion of land for agricultural and other uses (Molur et al. 2002). The species in Nepal face threats of habitat loss by human disturbance (UNEP 2018). The reason for habitat loss in Nepal is primarily due to clearing for agriculture and livestock grazing, removal of old trees and collection of firewood (Jnawali et al. 2011). The species is suspected to be hunted for subsistence (Jnawali et al. 2011). In Meghalaya India, the species face habitat loss from expansion of plantations, demand for firewood, and deforestation associated with mining activities (Lyngdoh et al. 2019). In China, pesticides are a major issue to China’s bat population. Any cave disturbances can negatively affect bats in several ways, directly, by increasing carbon dioxide and temperature. (Zhang et al. 2009). The species is threatened by limestone mining since S. ornatus was recorded to roost in limestone caves (Tu et al. 2019).	There is little information on the size of the population since it forages at a height of 10 meters and above, making it difficult to capture (Tu et al. 2019). The population is inferred to be stable due to the species wide distribution range, limited threats, and occurrence in protected areas.	Unknown	Scotomanes ornatus has a broad distribution including northeastern South Asia, central and southern China and northern parts of Southeast Asia. In South Asia, this species is known from Bangladesh (Sylhet Division), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, and West Bengal) and Nepal (Molur et al. 2002, Vanlalnghaka 2020). In Nepal, it has been recorded from an elevation of 1,400 m asl (Molur et al. 2002) and in Thailand it has been recorded up to 2,200 m asl (S. Bumgrunsri pers. comm.). In China, it has been recorded from Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Anhui, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong and the island of Hainan (Wang 2003, Smith and Xie 2008). In Southeast Asia, it ranges through northern and western Myanmar, northern Thailand (Lekagul and McNeely 1977, S. Bumrungsri pers. comm.), Lao PDR, and Vietnam (Krusop 2013, Tu et al. 2019, Nguyen et al. 2021). Also, S. ornatus can be found in the Himalayas mountain range (Tu et al. 2019).	It is suspected that in Nepal, Scotomanes ornatus is hunted for subsistence (Jnawali et al. 2011).	Terrestrial	The species occurs in protected areas in Vietnam, such as the Huu Lien Nature Preserve (Lunde et al. 2007), Bidoup Nui Ba National Park (Nguyen et al. 2021), Saola Quang Nam Nature preserve (Tu et al. 2019), Hoang Lien National Park, Na Hang Nature Reserve, Ba Be National Park, Phong Nha National Park, Bach Ma National Park, Kon Cha Rang Nature Reserve (Dang Ngoc Can 2008), Cuc Phuong National Park and Copia Nature Preserve (Tu 2012), and in a Watershed Protection Forest in Quang Ngai Providence (Nguyen et al. 2016). The species is also found in the Annapurna Conservation area in Nepal (Area 2019). Educational programs have been implemented in Cat Ba Archipelago Biosphere Reserve, CBABR, in Vietnam for this species (Thong 2007). In Nepal, the species recognized as Endangered National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 2029 1973 ). Further studies are needed for the distribution, abundance, reproduction, trade, and ecology of this species. Populations of this species should be monitored to record changes in abundance and distribution (Molur et al. 2002). More specifically, options like constant monitoring could be applied (Niraula and Jha 2011).	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Scotomanes		ornatus	Blyth	1851	1	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	1.188194	Harlequin Bat	 nivicolus Hodgson, 1855; <b> imbrensis </b> Thomas, 1921; <b> sinensis </b> Thomas, 1921. <b>Unassigned</b>: emarginatus Dobson, 1871 [locality unknown, although thought to be from some part of India].	India, Assam, Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji.	NE India (including Sikkim), Burma, S China, Thailand, Vietnam.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Includes emarginatus ; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E.Hill (1974 c) . Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001 b ).	Scotomanes ornatus	1005564	23	Harlequin Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Scotomanes	NA	ornatus	Blyth	1851	1						"Chérra Punji [= Cherrapunji]," East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, India.			ornatus (Blyth, 1851)|nivicolus (Hodgson, 1855)|emarginatus (Dobson, 1871)|imbrensis O. Thomas, 1921|sinensis O. Thomas, 1921	NA	NA				Nepal|India|Bangladesh|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam|China	Asia	Indomalaya|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Scotomanes_ornatus	0	sciname match	Scotomanes_ornatus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Scotomanes_ornatus	1005564	23	Harlequin Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Nycticeiini	Scotomanes	NA	ornatus	E. Blyth	1	Nycticejus ornatus	Blyth, E. 1851. Notice of a collection of Mammalia, Birds, and Reptiles, procured at or near the station of Chérra Punji in the Khásia hills, north of Sylhet. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 20(6):517-524.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40260117				"Chérra Punji [= Cherrapunji]," East Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, India.			NA	NA				Nepal|India|Bangladesh|Myanmar|Thailand|Laos|Vietnam|China	Asia	Indomalaya|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Scotomanes_ornatus	0	sciname match	Scotomanes_ornatus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Scotomanes		ornatus	Blyth	1851	1	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	1.192361	Harlequin Bat	nivicolus Hodgson, 1855; imbrensis Thomas, 1921; sinensis Thomas, 1921. Unassigned: emarginatus Dobson, 1871 [locality unknown, although thought to be from some part of India].	India, Assam, Khasi Hills, Cherrapunji.	NE India (including Sikkim), Burma, S China, Thailand, Vietnam.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/20058/22025092/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Includes emarginatus; see Corbet and Hill (1992). Included in Nycticeius by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951); but see J. E.Hill (1974c). Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Sinha (1999) and Hendrichsen et al. (2001b).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Scotomanes ornatus; Scotomanes ornatus; Scotomanes ornatus; Scotomanes ornatus; Scotomanes ornatus; ornatus; imbrensis; sinensis; nivicolus; Unassigned - emarginatus; ornatus; sinensis; imbrensis; emarginatus; imbrensis; sinensis; nivicolus; Unassigned - emarginatus; ornatus; nivicolus; emarginatus; imbrensis; sinensis; Sérotine ornée; Harlekin-Fledermaus; Scotomanoarlequin; Harlequin Bat; Harlequin Bat;; S. ornatus