http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1514	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Sauromys petrophilus	Mormopterus petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Mormopterus petrophilus	Mormopterus petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys petrophilus		[MSW2] Subgenus Sauromys-, see Freeman (1981:133, 161). Formerly included in genus Sauromys by Peterson (1965fl:12).; [MSW3] See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).; [HMW] Platymops (Sauromys) petrophilus Roberts, 1917 , “Bleskop, near Rustenburg,” North West Province , South Africa . Although some authors, such as J. A. J. Meester and colleagues in 1986, have recognized up to five subspecies, these are not well defined geographically or morphologically and have not been recognized by recent authorities such as N. B. Simmons in 2005 or A. Monadjem and colleagues in 2010. The species is here considered monotypic, although the disjunct nature of the western and eastern populations, separated by 800 km , might lead to future genetic studies showing them to be distinct taxa. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).; [IUCN] Initially, this species was described as Platymops petrophilus (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005; Cotterill 2013). The family Molossidae was revised by Peterson (1965), and the genus Platymops was geographically restricted to the East African region, while those species from southern Africa were included under the genus Sauromys (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005; Monadjem et al. 2010). Although Platymops and Sauromys were previously listed as subgenera under the genus Mormopterus Freeman 1981; Koopman 1993), following Meester et al. (1986), Jacobs &; Fenton (2001), Bronner et al (2003), Skinner &; Chimimba (2005) and Monadjem et al. (2010), we consider Sauromys a distinct genus. ACR (2015) lists four subspecies, including S . p . erongensis (Roberts 1946) from Namibia, S . p . umbratus (Shortridge &; Carter 1938) from the Western Cape, S. p. haagneri (Roberts 1917) from Namibia and the Northern Cape, and S . p . petrophilus (Roberts 1917) from the Limpopo Province, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. However, there is doubt as to their validity (Cotterill 2013). The distribution of this species is fragmented and may have led to genetic isolation of principal populations where the western population is separated from the eastern one by 800 km and future studies may well show these to be genetically distinct (Monadjem et al. 2010).; [batnames2023] See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).; [batnames2025_1.7] See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).						erongensis, fitzsimonsi, haagneri, umbratus.	petrophilus, erongensis, haagneri, umbratus, fitzsimonsi	petrophilus, erongensis, fitzsimonsi, haagneri, umbratus				petrophilus, erongensis, fitzsimonsi, haagneri, umbratus		petrophilus, haagneri, umbratus, erongensis, fitzsimonsi	Initially, this species was described as Platymops petrophilus (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005; Cotterill 2013). The family Molossidae was revised by Peterson (1965), and the genus Platymops was geographically restricted to the East African region, while those species from southern Africa were included under the genus Sauromys (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005; Monadjem et al. 2010). Although Platymops and Sauromys were previously listed as subgenera under the genus Mormopterus Freeman 1981; Koopman 1993), following Meester et al. (1986), Jacobs &; Fenton (2001), Bronner et al (2003), Skinner &; Chimimba (2005) and Monadjem et al. (2010), we consider Sauromys a distinct genus. ACR (2015) lists four subspecies, including S . p . erongensis (Roberts 1946) from Namibia, S . p . umbratus (Shortridge &; Carter 1938) from the Western Cape, S. p. haagneri (Roberts 1917) from Namibia and the Northern Cape, and S . p . petrophilus (Roberts 1917) from the Limpopo Province, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. However, there is doubt as to their validity (Cotterill 2013). The distribution of this species is fragmented and may have led to genetic isolation of principal populations where the western population is separated from the eastern one by 800 km and future studies may well show these to be genetically distinct (Monadjem et al. 2010).	petrophilus, erongensis, fitzsimonsi, haagneri, umbratus		petrophilus, haagneri, umbratus, erongensis, fitzsimonsi	haagneri, petrophilus, umbratus, erongensis, fitzsimonsi	erongensis, fitzsimonsi, haagneri, petrophilus, umbratus		haagneri (A. Roberts, 1917)|petrophilus (A. Roberts, 1917)|umbratus (Shortridge & T. D. Carter, 1938)|erongensis (A. Roberts, 1946)|fitzsimonsi (A. Roberts, 1946)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Robert's flat-headed bat	Namibia – Rhodesia, Mozambique, S Africa	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Mormopterus petrophilus	South Africa, Transvaal, near Rustenburg, Bleskap.	Roberts	1917	Ann. Transvaal Mus., 6:4.	Distribution: Same as for subgenus.	Formerly included in Sauromys by Peterson, 1965, Life Sci. Contrib. R. Ont. Mus., 64:12; but also see Freeman, 1981:133, 161, who considered Sauromys a subgenus.	Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Roberts's flat-headed bat (Flat-headed free-tailed Mozambique, S Africa (Flat-headed free-tailed bat)	Namibia – Zimbabwe, Mozambique, S Africa	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Roberts	1917	Ann. Transvaal Mus., 6:4.	Subgenus Sauromys-, see Freeman (1981:133, 161). Formerly included in genus Sauromys by Peterson (1965fl:12).	South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, perhaps Ghana.	South Africa, Transvaal, near Rustenburg, Bleskap.		ROBERTS	1917	Size relatively large (forearm length, 36-42 mm). Anterior upper premolar present. No gular sac.	Distribution: Same as for subgenus.	Five subspecies are recognized:	M.p. petrophilus (Mozambique to Transvaal and Botswana), M. p. erongensis (northern Namibia), M. p. haagneri (southern Namibia), M.p. umbratus (northwestern Cape Province), M.p. fitzsimonsi (southwestern Cape Province).	137	species	M. petrophilus	ROBERTS	1917	Sauromys	subgenus	Mormopterus petrophilus				Size relatively large (forearm length, 36-42 mm). Anterior upper premolar present. No gular sac.	Five subspecies are recognized:		10. M. petrophilus (ROBERTS 1917).	10	_S. p. erongensis_ (Roberts, 1946); _S. p. fitzsimonsi_ (Roberts, 1946); _S. p. haagneri_ (Roberts, 1917); _S. p. petrophilus_ (Roberts, 1917); _S. p. umbratus_ (Shortridge & Carter, 1938)			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Molossidae	Molossinae		Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys		petrophilus	Roberts	y	1917		Ann. Transvaal Mus.	6		4		Roberts's Flat-headed Bat	South Africa, Northwest Prov., near Rustenburg, Bleskap.	South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, perhaps Ghana.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Mormopterus petrophilus.	erongensis Roberts, 1946; fitzsimonsi Roberts, 1946; haagneri Roberts, 1917; umbratus Shortridge and Carter, 1938.	See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).	03A687BCFF98FF9816ACFDC8F8D7FAE6	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff9fffc4ffb1ffb1133cffbaffe0f244	664	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/19/42/87/194287C9FF91BA3DB4A3F5DDB0BAF431.xml	Sauromys petrophilus	Molossidae	Sauromys	petrophilus		1917	Tadaride de Roberts @fr | Roberts-Flachkopf-Bulldogfledermaus @de | Sauromis de Roberts @es | Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat @en | Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat @en | Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat @en	Platymops (Sauromys) petrophilus Roberts, 1917 , “Bleskop, near Rustenburg,” North West Province , South Africa . Although some authors, such as J. A. J. Meester and colleagues in 1986, have recognized up to five subspecies, these are not well defined geographically or morphologically and have not been recognized by recent authorities such as N. B. Simmons in 2005 or A. Monadjem and colleagues in 2010. The species is here considered monotypic, although the disjunct nature of the western and eastern populations, separated by 800 km , might lead to future genetic studies showing them to be distinct taxa. Monotypic.	Two geographically disjunct ranges, including arid parts of extreme SW Angola , W Namibia , and W South Africa S to Western Cape Province , and N Mozambique , E & S Zimbabwe , extreme E Botswana , and N South Africa ; an 800km-gap separates the two parts of the species’ range between Augrabies Falls on the Orange River in W South Africa and the Magaliesberg of North West and Gauteng provinces in N South Africa .	Head-body c¢.60-82 mm, tail 29-49 mm, ear 13-22 mm, hindfoot 6-10 mm, forearm 37-50 mm; weight 6-22 g. Males are slightly smaller than females. Roberts’s Flat-headed Bat is distinguished by extremely flattened head and body, as in Platymops . Fur is soft and dense, and variable in color above, from dark brown, medium yellowish brown or grayish brown to dark gray or pale gray; dark grayish brown to pale gray to whitish below. Wings are long, narrow and blackish brown to semi-translucent grayish-brown. Upper lip is smooth and with few coarse bristles (not spoon-hairs). Ears are quite large and simple, lacking fold, inner margins separated by narrow gap. Tragus is very small, and antitragus is indistinct. Interaural crest and gular gland are absent. Anterior palatal emargination is wide, and basisphenoid pits are shallow but large. As in Mormopterus and Platymops , lacrimal ridges form distinct tubercle on each side of rostrum. M® has two ridges of equal length. P? is relatively large, reaching cingulum of P*. Dentdl formulas 11/2, C 1/1, P 2/2. M 3/5 (x2) = 30. Chromosomal complement in Namibia and South Africa has 2n = 48 and FNa = 62.	Dry woodland, mountain fynbos or arid scrub, associated with rocky areas. Elevational range up to 2000 m .	Roberts’s Flat-headed Bat is adapted for foraging in open spaces, and has long, narrow wings, with high wing loading (11-2 N/m?) and intermediate aspect ratio (7-2). Based on fecal pellets from 51 individuals collected in the Cederberg of Western Cape Province , South Africa , the diet comprised mostly Diptera (38% by volume), Hemiptera (33%), Coleoptera (20%), and Hymenoptera (8%), with much smaller proportions (under 1%) of Lepidoptera , Trichoptera , and Neuroptera .	Pregnancy and lactations were recorded in the warm-wet season in mid-November in Zimbabwe , but not during the cool-dry season.	Roberts’s Flat-headed Bats have a specialized flat head and body for roosting in narrow crevices under exfoliated layers, and in fissures in granite cliffs. Echolocation calls have low frequency (peak frequency ¢.30 kHz), narrow bandwidth (c.14 kHz), and medium-long duration (c.5 milliseconds).	Roberts’s Flat-headed Bats roost communally in groups numbering usually up to four individuals.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.	ACR (2017) | Cotterill (2013h) | Crawford-Cabral (1989) | Jacobs & Fenton (2001, 2002) | Meester et al. (1986) | Monadjem, Jacobs, Cotterill, Hutson, Mickleburgh, Bergmans & Griffin (2017) | Monadjem, Taylor et al. (2010) | Peterson (1965a) | Rautenbach (1982) | Schoeman (2006) | Schoeman & Jacobs (2003, 2008, 2011) | Simmons (2005) | Skinner & Chimimba (2005)	https://zenodo.org/record/6567916/files/figure.png	105. Roberts’s Flat-headed Bat Sauromys petrophilus French: Tadaride de Roberts / German: Roberts-Flachkopf-Bulldogfledermaus / Spanish: Sauromis de Roberts Other common names: Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat , Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat , Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat Taxonomy. Platymops (Sauromys) petrophilus Roberts, 1917 , “Bleskop, near Rustenburg,” North West Province , South Africa . Although some authors, such as J. A. J. Meester and colleagues in 1986, have recognized up to five subspecies, these are not well defined geographically or morphologically and have not been recognized by recent authorities such as N. B. Simmons in 2005 or A. Monadjem and colleagues in 2010. The species is here considered monotypic, although the disjunct nature of the western and eastern populations, separated by 800 km , might lead to future genetic studies showing them to be distinct taxa. Monotypic. Distribution. Two geographically disjunct ranges, including arid parts of extreme SW Angola , W Namibia , and W South Africa S to Western Cape Province , and N Mozambique , E & S Zimbabwe , extreme E Botswana , and N South Africa ; an 800km-gap separates the two parts of the species’ range between Augrabies Falls on the Orange River in W South Africa and the Magaliesberg of North West and Gauteng provinces in N South Africa . Descriptive notes. Head-body c¢.60-82 mm, tail 29-49 mm, ear 13-22 mm, hindfoot 6-10 mm, forearm 37-50 mm; weight 6-22 g. Males are slightly smaller than females. Roberts’s Flat-headed Bat is distinguished by extremely flattened head and body, as in Platymops . Fur is soft and dense, and variable in color above, from dark brown, medium yellowish brown or grayish brown to dark gray or pale gray; dark grayish brown to pale gray to whitish below. Wings are long, narrow and blackish brown to semi-translucent grayish-brown. Upper lip is smooth and with few coarse bristles (not spoon-hairs). Ears are quite large and simple, lacking fold, inner margins separated by narrow gap. Tragus is very small, and antitragus is indistinct. Interaural crest and gular gland are absent. Anterior palatal emargination is wide, and basisphenoid pits are shallow but large. As in Mormopterus and Platymops , lacrimal ridges form distinct tubercle on each side of rostrum. M® has two ridges of equal length. P? is relatively large, reaching cingulum of P*. Dentdl formulas 11/2, C 1/1, P 2/2. M 3/5 (x2) = 30. Chromosomal complement in Namibia and South Africa has 2n = 48 and FNa = 62. Habitat. Dry woodland, mountain fynbos or arid scrub, associated with rocky areas. Elevational range up to 2000 m . Food and Feeding. Roberts’s Flat-headed Bat is adapted for foraging in open spaces, and has long, narrow wings, with high wing loading (11-2 N/m?) and intermediate aspect ratio (7-2). Based on fecal pellets from 51 individuals collected in the Cederberg of Western Cape Province , South Africa , the diet comprised mostly Diptera (38% by volume), Hemiptera (33%), Coleoptera (20%), and Hymenoptera (8%), with much smaller proportions (under 1%) of Lepidoptera , Trichoptera , and Neuroptera . Breeding. Pregnancy and lactations were recorded in the warm-wet season in mid-November in Zimbabwe , but not during the cool-dry season. Activity patterns. Roberts’s Flat-headed Bats have a specialized flat head and body for roosting in narrow crevices under exfoliated layers, and in fissures in granite cliffs. Echolocation calls have low frequency (peak frequency ¢.30 kHz), narrow bandwidth (c.14 kHz), and medium-long duration (c.5 milliseconds). Movements, Home range and Social organization. Roberts’s Flat-headed Bats roost communally in groups numbering usually up to four individuals. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. ACR (2017), Cotterill (2013h), Crawford-Cabral (1989), Jacobs & Fenton (2001, 2002), Meester et al. (1986), Monadjem, Jacobs, Cotterill, Hutson, Mickleburgh, Bergmans & Griffin (2017), Monadjem, Taylor et al. (2010), Peterson (1965a), Rautenbach (1982), Schoeman (2006), Schoeman & Jacobs (2003, 2008, 2011), Simmons (2005), Skinner & Chimimba (2005).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Molossidae	Sauromys petrophilus	Sauromys		petrophilus	Roberts	1917	1	Ann. Transvaal Mus.	6:04	Roberts&apos; Flat-headed Bat	<b> erongensis </b>Roberts, 1946; <b> fitzsimonsi </b>Roberts, 1946; <b> haagneri </b>Roberts, 1917; <b> umbratus </b>Shortridge and Carter, 1938.	South Africa, Northwest Prov., near Rustenburg, Bleskap.	South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, perhaps Ghana.	Not listed.	Least Concern	See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Sauromys petrophilus	23	Roberts's Flat-headed Bat	Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat|Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat|Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	MOLOSSIDAE	MOLOSSINAE	NA	Sauromys	NA	petrophilus	Roberts	1917	1	Platymops_petrophilus	Roberts, A. (1917). Descriptions of two new species of a new subgenus of bats and a new species of molerats. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 6(1), 4.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/202290#page/38/mode/1up	TM X835		"Bleskop, near Rustenburg," North West Province, South Africa.			petrophilus (Roberts, 1917)|haagneri (Roberts, 1917)|umbratus (Shortridge & T. D. Carter, 1938)|erongensis (Roberts, 1946)|fitzsimonsi (Roberts, 1946)	NA	NA	Angola|Namibia|South Africa|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|Botswana|	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Sauromys_petrophilus	0	sciname match	Sauromys_petrophilus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	44693	Sauromys petrophilus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	MOLOSSIDAE	Sauromys	petrophilus	(Roberts, 1917)	Initially, this species was described as Platymops petrophilus (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005; Cotterill 2013). The family Molossidae was revised by Peterson (1965), and the genus Platymops was geographically restricted to the East African region, while those species from southern Africa were included under the genus Sauromys (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005; Monadjem et al. 2010). Although Platymops and Sauromys were previously listed as subgenera under the genus Mormopterus Freeman 1981; Koopman 1993), following Meester et al. (1986), Jacobs &; Fenton (2001), Bronner et al (2003), Skinner &; Chimimba (2005) and Monadjem et al. (2010), we consider Sauromys a distinct genus. ACR (2015) lists four subspecies, including S . p . erongensis (Roberts 1946) from Namibia, S . p . umbratus (Shortridge &; Carter 1938) from the Western Cape, S. p. haagneri (Roberts 1917) from Namibia and the Northern Cape, and S . p . petrophilus (Roberts 1917) from the Limpopo Province, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. However, there is doubt as to their validity (Cotterill 2013). The distribution of this species is fragmented and may have led to genetic isolation of principal populations where the western population is separated from the eastern one by 800 km and future studies may well show these to be genetically distinct (Monadjem et al. 2010).	20000000	Sauromys petrophilus	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category	All specimens from the southern Africa subregion were taken in rock areas and, apart from a plentiful food supply, the availability of narrow rock fissures and crevices to roost in during the day appears to be among their essential habitat requirements (Skinner and Smithers, 1990). Absent from north-west Zimbabwe where habitat is thought to be suitable. Roosts in crevices, exfoliated rock, sandstones and granite.	There appear to be no major threats to this species. In parts of its range it is believed to be threatened by considerable habitat change resulting from deforestation.	This is a locally common species. It is generally found in small numbers, with colonies thought to be tens of animals rather than hundreds.	Stable	This species is found in southern Africa, ranging along the west coast from the Angola and Namibia border area, south into southern South Africa, and from here into northeastern South Africa, Zimbabwe, and western Mozambique. It is found between 100 m and 2,000 m Asl.		Terrestrial	This species is present in several protected areas in Namibia and Angola. In South Africa it has been reported from the protected Algeria forestry station. No direct conservation measures are currently needed for this species as a whole.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Molossidae	Sauromys		petrophilus	Roberts	1917	1	Ann. Transvaal Mus.	6:04	Roberts&apos; Flat-headed Bat	<b> erongensis </b>Roberts, 1946; <b> fitzsimonsi </b>Roberts, 1946; <b> haagneri </b>Roberts, 1917; <b> umbratus </b>Shortridge and Carter, 1938.	South Africa, Northwest Prov., near Rustenburg, Bleskap.	South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, perhaps Ghana.	Not listed.	Least Concern	See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).	Sauromys petrophilus	1005259	23	Roberts's Flat-headed Bat	Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat|Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat|Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Molossidae	MOLOSSINAE	NA	Sauromys	NA	petrophilus	Roberts	1917	1	Platymops_petrophilus	Roberts, A. (1917). Descriptions of two new species of a new subgenus of bats and a new species of molerats. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 6(1), 4.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/202290#page/38/mode/1up	TM X835		"Bleskop, near Rustenburg," North West Province, South Africa.			petrophilus (Roberts, 1917)|haagneri (Roberts, 1917)|umbratus (Shortridge & T. D. Carter, 1938)|erongensis (Roberts, 1946)|fitzsimonsi (Roberts, 1946)	NA	NA				Angola|Namibia|South Africa|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|Botswana|	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Sauromys_petrophilus	0	sciname match	Sauromys_petrophilus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Sauromys_petrophilus	1005259	23	Roberts's Flat-headed Bat	Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat|Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat|Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Molossidae	Molossinae	NA	Sauromys	NA	petrophilus	A. Roberts	1	Platymops petrophilus	Roberts, A. 1917. Descriptions of two new species of a new subgenus of bats and a new species of molerats. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 6(1):4-6.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50361292	TM X835	holotype		"Bleskop, near Rustenburg," North West Province, South Africa.			NA	NA				Angola|Namibia|South Africa|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|Botswana	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Sauromys_petrophilus	0	sciname match	Sauromys_petrophilus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Molossidae	Sauromys		petrophilus	Roberts	1917	1	Ann. Transvaal Mus.	6:04	Roberts&apos; Flat-headed Bat	erongensis Roberts, 1946; fitzsimonsi Roberts, 1946; haagneri Roberts, 1917; umbratus Shortridge and Carter, 1938.	South Africa, Northwest Prov., near Rustenburg, Bleskap.	South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, perhaps Ghana.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44693/22074483/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	See Jacobs and Fenton (2002).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Sauromys petrophilus; Sauromys petrophilus; Sauromys petrophilus; Sauromys petrophilus; Sauromys petrophilus; Sauromys petrophilus; petrophilus; erongensis; fitzsimonsi; haagneri; umbratus; erongensis; fitzsimonsi; haagneri; umbratus; petrophilus; haagneri; umbratus; erongensis; fitzsimonsi; Tadaride de Roberts; Roberts-Flachkopf-Bulldogfledermaus; Sauromis de Roberts; Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat; Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat; Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat; Roberts's Flat-headed Bat; Flat-headed Free-tailed Bat; Rock-dwelling Flat-headed Bat; Rock-loving Flat-headed Bat; Roberts's Flat-headed Bat; Roberts&apos; Flat-headed Bat; S. petrophilus
