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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1457	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus swinnyi		[MSW2] Probably a subspecies of denti.; [MSW3] capensis species group. Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.; [HMW] Rhinolophus swinnyi Gough, 1908 , Ngqeleni District, Pondoland , Eastern Cape Province , South Africa . Rhinolophus swinnyi is in the capensis species group with R capensis , R gorongosae , R rhodesiae , R simulator , R denti , and R alticolus , and genetic data have placed it close to R capensis . Populations now attributed to A rhodesiaewad. R gorongosae'were previously included in R swinnyi , but genetic and morphological data support their specific status. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  capensis species group. Does not include rhodesiae ; see Taylor et al. (2018). Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.; [MDD2022] previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator); [IUCN] Named after H. H. Swinny who collected the original specimens from the Ngqueleni district, Eastern Cape Province (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005). Based on morphological similarities, it was suggested that Rhinolophus swinnyi might be a subspecies of R . denti (Csorba et al. 2003). However, new genetic analyses showed the two to be different species (Stofferg 2007; C. Schoeman &; P. Taylor unpubl. data).; [batnames2023]  capensis species group. Does not include rhodesiae ; see Taylor et al. (2018). Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.; [MDD2023] previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator); [MDD2025_2.0] previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator); [batnames2025_1.7] capensisspecies group. Does not include rhodesiae; see Taylor et al. (2018). Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.; [MDD2025_2.2] previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator)						piriensis, rhodesiae.			piriensis, rhodesiae			swinnyi 	swinnyi - piriensis	swinnyi, piriensis	Named after H. H. Swinny who collected the original specimens from the Ngqueleni district, Eastern Cape Province (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005). Based on morphological similarities, it was suggested that Rhinolophus swinnyi might be a subspecies of R . denti (Csorba et al. 2003). However, new genetic analyses showed the two to be different species (Stofferg 2007; C. Schoeman &; P. Taylor unpubl. data).	swinnyi 	swinnyi - piriensis	swinnyi, piriensis 	swinnyi, piriensis 	swinnyi 	swinnyi - piriensis	swinnyi Gough, 1908|piriensis Hewitt, 1913		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Swinny's horseshoe bat	S Zaire, Tanzania – S Africa	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Rhinolophus swinnyi	South Africa, Cape Province, Pondoland, Ngqeleni Dist.	Gough	1908	Ann. Transvaal Mus., 1:72.	Distribution: Ranging in eastern Africa from Zanzibar island and south ern Zaire to Cape province; west in Zaire to the mouth of the Congo river.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Swinny's horseshoe bat	S Zaire, Zanzibar – S Africa	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gough	1908	Ann. Transvaal Mus., 1:72.	Probably a subspecies of denti.	South Africa to S Zaire and Zanzibar.	South Africa, Cape Prov., Pondoland, Ngqeleni Dist.		GOUGH	1908	Anterior nasal swellings enlarged. An terior upper premolar greatly reduced, though in toothrow. Second phalanx of third digit of wing elongate. Size fairly small (forearm length, 40-44 mm). Sella relatively narrow. Ears relative ly short. Front edge of connecting process convex. Sides of lancet concave.	Distribution: Ranging in eastern Africa from Zanzibar island and south ern Zaire to Cape province; west in Zaire to the mouth of the Congo river.	No subspecies.		53	species	R. swinnyi	GOUGH	1908	Rhinolophus	genus	Rhinolophus swinnyi				Anterior nasal swellings enlarged. An terior upper premolar greatly reduced, though in toothrow. Second phalanx of third digit of wing elongate. Size fairly small (forearm length, 40-44 mm). Sella relatively narrow. Ears relative ly short. Front edge of connecting process convex. Sides of lancet concave.	No subspecies.		12. R. swinnyi GOUGH 1908 [ferrumequinum group].	12	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Rhinolophidae			Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus		swinnyi	Gough		1908		Ann. Transvaal Mus.	1		72		Swinny's Horseshoe Bat	South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov., Pondoland, Ngqeleni Dist.	South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, S Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Zanzibar.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	piriensis Hewitt, 1913; rhodesiae Roberts, 1946.	capensis species group. Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.	885887A2FFE88A0EF8B7FD62F247D5CA	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf	hash://md5/7461ffdaffcf8a29ffccffa1ff85d963	284	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/88/58/87/885887A2FFCA8A2CFF7CF02DF682D03B.xml	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus	swinnyi	Gough	1908	Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat @en | Rhinolophe de Swinny @fr | Swinny-Hufeisennase @de | Herradura de Swinny @es | French @en	Rhinolophus swinnyi Gough, 1908 , Ngqeleni District, Pondoland , Eastern Cape Province , South Africa . Rhinolophus swinnyi is in the capensis species group with R capensis , R gorongosae , R rhodesiae , R simulator , R denti , and R alticolus , and genetic data have placed it close to R capensis . Populations now attributed to A rhodesiaewad. R gorongosae'were previously included in R swinnyi , but genetic and morphological data support their specific status. Monotypic.	E South Africa , including KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces; specimens from Mpumalanga Province are tentatively included here.	Head—body c . 42 — 47 mm, tail 18-27 mm , ear 17-2-21- 6 mm , hindfoot 8—9 mm , forearm 40- 8-45 mm . Pelage is soft and flufly, being pale gray dorsally (hairs with pale cream bases) and paler ventrally, occasionally off-white or creamy . Dorsal pelage can also be bright orange in orange morph. Males lack axillary tufts. Ears are short ( 42 - 45 % of forearm length). Noseleaf has subtriangular lancet, with distinctly concave sides and bluntly pointed tip; connecting process is rounded (about the same height as sella); sella is naked, with slighdy concave sides; narial lobes at base of sella are comparatively low; and horseshoe is narrow (width 6-7- 4 mm ), does not cover entire muzzle, does not have any lateral leaflets, and has deeply notched median emargination. Lower lip has three grooves, with lateral grooves being occasionally indistinct. Wings and uropatagium are brown. Baculum is distinguished from Roberts’s Horseshoe Bat ( A rhodesiae ) by being shorter and not tapered and having narrower base. Skull is delicately built, with thin zygomatic arches; nasal swellings are rounded; frontal depression is very shallow and sometimes nearly flat; supraorbital ridges are weak; sagittal crest is absent posteriorly and very low anteriorly, being weakly developed; P2 is small but in tooth row, and C1 and P4 are well separated as a result; and P3 is tiny and completely displaced labially that allows P2 and P4 to touch or nearly touch one another. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 58 and FNa = 62.	Mostly savanna woodlands. In KwaZulu-Natal , Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat is found in montane Podocarpus ( Podocarpaceae ) mist forests.	Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat is insectivorous and probably forages by slow hawking and possibly gleaning.	No information.	Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat is nocturnal. Call shape is FM /CF/FM, and peak F component is 104-9-106-7 kHz in South Africa .	No information.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCNed List. This assessment includes populations now attributed to Roberts’s Horseshoe Bat and Gorongosa Horseshoe Bat (A gorongosae ). Distribution ofSwinny’s Horseshoe Bat is now restricted to South Africa , and it is considered relatively rare. Populations might be threatened by local deforestation from logging and agricultural expansion.	ACR (2018) | Cotterill (2002a, 2013e) | Csorba et al. (2003) | Monadjem & Cotterill (2017 a) | Rautenbach (1986) | Taylor (2000)	https://zenodo.org/record/3749926/files/figure.png	8 . Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus swinnyi French : Rhinolophe de Swinny I German: Swinny-Hufeisennase I Spanish: Herradura de Swinny Taxonomy . Rhinolophus swinnyi Gough, 1908 , Ngqeleni District, Pondoland , Eastern Cape Province , South Africa . Rhinolophus swinnyi is in the capensis species group with R capensis , R gorongosae , R rhodesiae , R simulator , R denti , and R alticolus , and genetic data have placed it close to R capensis . Populations now attributed to A rhodesiaewad. R gorongosae'were previously included in R swinnyi , but genetic and morphological data support their specific status. Monotypic. Distribution. E South Africa , including KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces; specimens from Mpumalanga Province are tentatively included here. Descriptive notes. Head—body c . 42 — 47 mm, tail 18-27 mm , ear 17-2-21- 6 mm , hindfoot 8—9 mm , forearm 40- 8-45 mm . Pelage is soft and flufly, being pale gray dorsally (hairs with pale cream bases) and paler ventrally, occasionally off-white or creamy . Dorsal pelage can also be bright orange in orange morph. Males lack axillary tufts. Ears are short ( 42 - 45 % of forearm length). Noseleaf has subtriangular lancet, with distinctly concave sides and bluntly pointed tip; connecting process is rounded (about the same height as sella); sella is naked, with slighdy concave sides; narial lobes at base of sella are comparatively low; and horseshoe is narrow (width 6-7- 4 mm ), does not cover entire muzzle, does not have any lateral leaflets, and has deeply notched median emargination. Lower lip has three grooves, with lateral grooves being occasionally indistinct. Wings and uropatagium are brown. Baculum is distinguished from Roberts’s Horseshoe Bat ( A rhodesiae ) by being shorter and not tapered and having narrower base. Skull is delicately built, with thin zygomatic arches; nasal swellings are rounded; frontal depression is very shallow and sometimes nearly flat; supraorbital ridges are weak; sagittal crest is absent posteriorly and very low anteriorly, being weakly developed; P2 is small but in tooth row, and C1 and P4 are well separated as a result; and P3 is tiny and completely displaced labially that allows P2 and P4 to touch or nearly touch one another. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 58 and FNa = 62. Habitat. Mostly savanna woodlands. In KwaZulu-Natal , Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat is found in montane Podocarpus ( Podocarpaceae ) mist forests. Food and Feeding. Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat is insectivorous and probably forages by slow hawking and possibly gleaning. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat is nocturnal. Call shape is FM /CF/FM, and peak F component is 104-9-106-7 kHz in South Africa . Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCNed List. This assessment includes populations now attributed to Roberts’s Horseshoe Bat and Gorongosa Horseshoe Bat (A gorongosae ). Distribution ofSwinny’s Horseshoe Bat is now restricted to South Africa , and it is considered relatively rare. Populations might be threatened by local deforestation from logging and agricultural expansion. Bibliography. ACR (2018), Cotterill (2002a, 2013e), Csorba eta /. (2003), Monadjem & Cotterill (2017 a ), Rautenbach (1986), Taylor (2000).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Rhinolophus		swinnyi	Gough	1908	0	Ann. Transvaal Mus.	0.0917	Swinny's Horseshoe Bat	 piriensis Hewitt, 1913.	South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov., Pondoland, Ngqeleni Dist.	South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, S Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Zanzibar.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 capensis species group. Does not include rhodesiae ; see Taylor et al. (2018). Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Rhinolophus swinnyi	23	Swinny's Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	swinnyi	Gough	1908	0	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	Gough, L. H. (1908). On an new species of Rhinolophus from Pondoland. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 1, 71.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/203520#page/117/mode/1up	TM 1021		Ngqeleni District, Pondoland, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.			swinnyi Gough, 1908|piriensis Hewitt, 1913	previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator)	Taylor, P. J., Macdonald, A., Goodman, S. M., Kearney, T., Cotterill, F. P., Stoffberg, S., ... & Richards, L. R. (2018). Integrative taxonomy resolves three new cryptic species of small southern African horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 184(4), 1249-1276.	South Africa	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	19572	Rhinolophus swinnyi	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	Rhinolophus	swinnyi	Gough, 1908	Named after H. H. Swinny who collected the original specimens from the Ngqueleni district, Eastern Cape Province (Skinner &; Chimimba 2005). Based on morphological similarities, it was suggested that Rhinolophus swinnyi might be a subspecies of R . denti (Csorba et al. 2003). However, new genetic analyses showed the two to be different species (Stofferg 2007; C. Schoeman &; P. Taylor unpubl. data).	20000000	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Although this species is known mainly from sparse records from a large area, it is listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large overall population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	Found in moist montane rainforest, and dry and moist savanna (Cotterill 1996; Cotterill 2002). Populations are dependant on caves, mines and similar habitats for roosting. It appears to be sparsely distributed in parts of its range.	Populations may be locally threatened by deforestation, largely resulting from logging operations, local use of timber and firewood, and general conversion of land to agricultural use.	In parts of its range it is considered to be uncommon, however, Taylor (2000) records that it is fairly common in Zimbabwe. It generally forms small colonies of fewer than ten animals.	Unknown	This African bat has been recorded from eastern parts of South Africa, much of Zimbabwe, northwestern Mozambique, with additional scattered records further north in Malawi, Zambia, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania (including the island of Zanzibar) (Skinner and Chimimba 2005). It may be present in Angola but this needs confirmation.		Terrestrial	The species is present in some protected areas (e.g. Kruger National Park, South Africa). Further studies are needed into the taxonomic status of this species, the distribution and possible threats.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		swinnyi	Gough	1908	0	Ann. Transvaal Mus.	0.091667	Swinny's Horseshoe Bat	 piriensis Hewitt, 1913.	South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov., Pondoland, Ngqeleni Dist.	South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, S Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Zanzibar.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 capensis species group. Does not include rhodesiae ; see Taylor et al. (2018). Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.	Rhinolophus swinnyi	1004751	23	Swinny's Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	swinnyi	Gough	1908	0	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	Gough, L. H. (1908). On an new species of Rhinolophus from Pondoland. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 1, 71.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/203520#page/117/mode/1up	TM 1021		Ngqeleni District, Pondoland, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.			swinnyi Gough, 1908|piriensis Hewitt, 1913	previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator)	Taylor, P. J., Macdonald, A., Goodman, S. M., Kearney, T., Cotterill, F. P., Stoffberg, S., ... & Richards, L. R. (2018). Integrative taxonomy resolves three new cryptic species of small southern African horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 184(4), 1249-1276.				South Africa	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	1004751	23	Swinny's Horseshoe Bat	Roberts's Horseshoe Bat|Gorongosa Horseshoe Bat|Least Horseshoe Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	swinnyi	Gough	0	Rhinolophus swinnyi	Gough, L.H. 1908. On a new species of _Rhinolophus_ from Pondoland. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 1(1):71-72.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50470826	TM 1021	holotype		Ngqeleni District, Pondoland, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.			previously included rhodesiae (now a synonym of R. simulator)	Taylor, P. J., Macdonald, A., Goodman, S. M., Kearney, T., Cotterill, F. P., Stoffberg, S., ... & Richards, L. R. (2018). Integrative taxonomy resolves three new cryptic species of small southern African horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 184(4), 1249-1276.				Tanzania|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini?	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_swinnyi	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		swinnyi	Gough	1908	0	Ann. Transvaal Mus.	0.091667	Swinny's Horseshoe Bat	piriensis Hewitt, 1913.	South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov., Pondoland, Ngqeleni Dist.	South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, S Dem. Rep. Congo, Tanzania, Zanzibar.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/19572/21992092/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	capensisspecies group. Does not include rhodesiae; see Taylor et al. (2018). Possibly a subspecies of denti (Koopman, 1993). See Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Rhinolophus swinnyi; Rhinolophus swinnyi; Rhinolophus swinnyi; Rhinolophus swinnyi; Rhinolophus swinnyi; Rhinolophus swinnyi; piriensis; rhodesiae; piriensis; swinnyi; piriensis; Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat; Rhinolophe de Swinny; Swinny-Hufeisennase; Herradura de Swinny; French; Swinny's Horseshoe Bat; Swinny's Horseshoe Bat; Swinny's Horseshoe Bat; R. swinnyi