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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1455	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus subbadius		[MSW3] pusillus species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).; [HMW] Rhinolophus subbadius Blyth, 1844 , “ Nepal .” Rhinolophus subbadius is included in the pusillus species group. It may be confused with. pusillus , to which it is very similar, and the distributional limits of the two are still uncertain. The relationship of this species to other Rhinolophus is unclear. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  pusillus species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).; [IUCN] This species belongs to pusillus species group. Bates and Harrison (1997) suggest that the holotype of this taxon is missing and the forms representing garoensis Dobson, 1872 correspond to that of Rhinolophus pusillus Temminck, 1834. The taxonomic status needs to be re-evaluated (Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012).; [batnames2023]  pusillus species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).; [batnames2025_1.7] pusillusspecies group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).									garoensis, subbadius			subbadius	subbadius - garoensis, subbadius 	subbadius, garoensis	This species belongs to pusillus species group. Bates and Harrison (1997) suggest that the holotype of this taxon is missing and the forms representing garoensis Dobson, 1872 correspond to that of Rhinolophus pusillus Temminck, 1834. The taxonomic status needs to be re-evaluated (Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012).	subbadius	subbadius - garoensis, subbadius 	subbadius, subbadius, garoensis 	subbadius, garoensis 	subbadius 	subbadius - garoensis, subbadius	subbadia (B. H. Hodgson, 1841) [nomen nudum]|subbadius B. H. Hodgson in E. Blyth, 1844|garoensis Dobson, 1872		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.		N India – Vietnam	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Rhinolophus subbadius	Nepal.	Blyth	1844	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 13:486.	Distribution: Known only from northeastern India, Burma, and Viet nam.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		N India – Vietnam	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Blyth	1844	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 13:486.		Assam (India), Nepal, Vietnam, Burma.	Nepal.		BLYTH	1844	Connecting process an erect narrow horn. Lancet triangular with straight sides and a rounded tip. Size unusally small (forearm length, 31-36 mm; total length of skull, 15-16 mm; maxillary tooth row length, 5.1-5.4 mm). Ros trum relatively slender.	Distribution: Known only from northeastern India, Burma, and Viet nam.	No subspecies.		56	species	Rhinolophus subbadius	BLYTH	1844	Rhinolophus	genus					Connecting process an erect narrow horn. Lancet triangular with straight sides and a rounded tip. Size unusally small (forearm length, 31-36 mm; total length of skull, 15-16 mm; maxillary tooth row length, 5.1-5.4 mm). Ros trum relatively slender.	No subspecies.		35. Rhinolophus subbadius BLYTH 1844 [pusillus group],	35	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Rhinolophidae			Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus		subbadius	Blyth		1844		J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	13		486		Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat	Nepal.	NE India, Nepal, Vietnam, Burma.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data Deficient.	garoensis Dobson, 1872; subbadius Hodgson, 1841 [nomen nudum].	pusillus species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).	885887A2FFE68A00FF1EF3EDF6F4DCB8	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf	hash://md5/7461ffdaffcf8a29ffccffa1ff85d963	313	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/88/58/87/885887A2FFED8A0AF89AF758FA2AD8C8.xml	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus	subbadius	Blyth	1844	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat @en | Rhinolophe du Népal @fr | Kleine Nepal-Hufeisennase @de | Herradura de Nepal @es	Rhinolophus subbadius Blyth, 1844 , “ Nepal .” Rhinolophus subbadius is included in the pusillus species group. It may be confused with. pusillus , to which it is very similar, and the distributional limits of the two are still uncertain. The relationship of this species to other Rhinolophus is unclear. Monotypic.	C & E Nepal , Bhutan , NE India (Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya), N Bangladesh , N Myanmar , and S China (one locality in Yunnan ); there have been dubious records from N & C Vietnam , but these are likely to refer to the Least Horseshoe Bat (. pusui llus ).	Head—body 35—37 mm , tail 16—19 mm , ear 14- 1—18 mm , hindfoot 6- 6—8 mm , forearm 33- 3—38 mm . The Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat is a very small species of horseshoe bat, probably the smallest in the genus. Dorsal pelage is cinnamon brown (brownish-tipped hairs with grayish-white bases) with generally slightly paler shoulders; ventral pelage is slightly paler. Ears are small or mediumsized. Noseleaf has more or less hastate lancet; connecting process extends forward, becoming slender and sharply pointed horn; sella is broader basally and constricted medially; shape and size of horseshoe are unknown. There are three mental grooves on lower lip. Skull is very small and moderately built (zygomatic breadth was larger than mastoid breadth in one individual and smaller in another); anterior median swellings are small and short; posterior swellings are more developed than anterior ones; sagittal crest is moderately developed; frontal depression is shallow; supraorbital ridges are not well defined. C1 is slender and moderately long; P 2 is small or medium-sized with distinct cusp, and is within the tooth row; P is minute or absent, being extruded from tooth row, or rarely in tooth row when present; P, and P4 are in contact. Dental formula is the usual of 32 teeth for the genus or only 30 teeth when a lower premolar is missing.	Recorded in a bamboo clump in dense forest at an elevation of 1231 m in northern Myanmar .	No information.	No information.			Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN ed List. However, in South Asia, the Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat is threatened by deforestation, generally resulting from logging operations and the conversion of land for agriculture and mining operations.	Bates & Harrison (1997) | Bates et al. (2004) | Csorba, Bates, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008c) | Csorba, Ujhelyi & Thomas (2003) | Francis (2008a) | Molur et al. (2002) | Smith & XieYan (2008)	https://zenodo.org/record/3750046/files/figure.png	70 . Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus subbadius French: Rhinolophe du Népal / German: Kleine Nepal-Hufeisennase / Spanish: Herradura de Nepal Taxonomy. Rhinolophus subbadius Blyth, 1844 , “ Nepal .” Rhinolophus subbadius is included in the pusillus species group. It may be confused with. pusillus , to which it is very similar, and the distributional limits of the two are still uncertain. The relationship of this species to other Rhinolophus is unclear. Monotypic. Distribution. C & E Nepal , Bhutan , NE India (Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya), N Bangladesh , N Myanmar , and S China (one locality in Yunnan ); there have been dubious records from N & C Vietnam , but these are likely to refer to the Least Horseshoe Bat (. pusui llus ). Descriptive notes. Head—body 35—37 mm , tail 16—19 mm , ear 14- 1—18 mm , hindfoot 6- 6—8 mm , forearm 33- 3—38 mm . The Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat is a very small species of horseshoe bat, probably the smallest in the genus. Dorsal pelage is cinnamon brown (brownish-tipped hairs with grayish-white bases) with generally slightly paler shoulders; ventral pelage is slightly paler. Ears are small or mediumsized. Noseleaf has more or less hastate lancet; connecting process extends forward, becoming slender and sharply pointed horn; sella is broader basally and constricted medially; shape and size of horseshoe are unknown. There are three mental grooves on lower lip. Skull is very small and moderately built (zygomatic breadth was larger than mastoid breadth in one individual and smaller in another); anterior median swellings are small and short; posterior swellings are more developed than anterior ones; sagittal crest is moderately developed; frontal depression is shallow; supraorbital ridges are not well defined. C1 is slender and moderately long; P 2 is small or medium-sized with distinct cusp, and is within the tooth row; P is minute or absent, being extruded from tooth row, or rarely in tooth row when present; P, and P4 are in contact. Dental formula is the usual of 32 teeth for the genus or only 30 teeth when a lower premolar is missing. Habitat. Recorded in a bamboo clump in dense forest at an elevation of 1231 m in northern Myanmar . Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. Movements , Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN ed List. However, in South Asia, the Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat is threatened by deforestation, generally resulting from logging operations and the conversion of land for agriculture and mining operations. Bibliography. Bates & Harrison (1997), Bates et al. (2004), Csorba, Bates, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008c), Csorba, Ujhelyi & Thomas (2003), Francis (2008a), Molur et al. (2002), Smith & XieYan (2008).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus subbadius	Rhinolophus		subbadius	Blyth	1844	0	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	0.8792	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat	 garoensis Dobson, 1872; subbadius Hodgson, 1841 [ nomen nudum ].	Nepal.	NE India, Nepal, Vietnam, Burma.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 pusillus species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Rhinolophus subbadius	23	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	subbadius	Blyth	1844	0						"Nepal."			subbadius Hodgson, 1841 [nomen nudum]|subbadius Blyth, 1844|garoensis Dobson, 1872	NA	NA	Nepal|Bhutan|India|Bangladesh|China|Myanmar	Asia	Indomalaya|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_subbadius	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_subbadius	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	19570	Rhinolophus subbadius	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	Rhinolophus	subbadius	Blyth, 1844	This species belongs to pusillus species group. Bates and Harrison (1997) suggest that the holotype of this taxon is missing and the forms representing garoensis Dobson, 1872 correspond to that of Rhinolophus pusillus Temminck, 1834. The taxonomic status needs to be re-evaluated (Srinivasulu and Srinivasulu 2012).	20000000	Rhinolophus subbadius	Least Concern		2019	2018-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Confirmed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	Little is known about the habitat or ecology of this species except that it is encountered in dense forests among bamboo clumps (Molur et al. 2002).	In South Asia, this species is threatened by deforestation, generally resulting from logging operations and the conversion of land to agricultural purposes and mining operations (S. Thapa pers. comm. August 2017, Molur et al. 2002).	A declining trend in its population is being observed in the Himalayas (T.K. Shreshta pers. comm., Molur et al. 2002).	Decreasing	This species is largely endemic to South Asia, although there are records from Myanmar and China. In South Asia, this species is presently known from Bangladesh (Sylhet Division) (Khan 2001, Sarker and Sarker 2005), India (Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya) and Nepal (Central and Western Nepal) (Molur et al. 2002). In China, it is known only from a single record in Mengzi County, Yunnan (Smith and Xie 2008). In Myanmar, it has only been recorded from the Nam Tamay Valley. It has been recorded at 1,231 m asl in South Asia (Molur et al. 2002).		Terrestrial	There are no conservation measures in place. The species has not been recorded from any protected areas. Taxonomy, ecology, population studies, habitat management are the primary recommendations for this species (Molur et al. 2002).	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		subbadius	Blyth	1844	0	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	0.879167	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat	 garoensis Dobson, 1872; subbadius Hodgson, 1841 [ nomen nudum ].	Nepal.	NE India, Nepal, Vietnam, Burma.	Not listed.	Least Concern	 pusillus species group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).	Rhinolophus subbadius	1004749	23	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	subbadius	Blyth	1844	0						"Nepal."			subbadius Hodgson, 1841 [nomen nudum]|subbadius Blyth, 1844|garoensis Dobson, 1872	NA	NA				Nepal|Bhutan|India|Bangladesh|China|Myanmar	Asia	Indomalaya|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_subbadius	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_subbadius	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Rhinolophus_subbadius	1004749	23	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	subbadius	B. H. Hodgson in E. Blyth	0	Rhinolophus subbadius	Blyth, E. 1844. Notices of various Mammalia, with descriptions of many new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 13(150):463-494.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40057313	untraced (number not known)	holotype		"Nepal."			NA	NA				Nepal|Bhutan|India|Bangladesh|China|Myanmar	Asia	Indomalaya|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_subbadius	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_subbadius	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		subbadius	Blyth	1844	0	J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal	0.879167	Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat	garoensis Dobson, 1872; subbadius Hodgson, 1841 [nomen nudum].	Nepal.	NE India, Nepal, Vietnam, Burma.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/19570/21991844/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	pusillusspecies group. Reviewed by Bates and Harrison (1997) and Csorba (1997).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Rhinolophus subbadius; Rhinolophus subbadius; Rhinolophus subbadius; Rhinolophus subbadius; Rhinolophus subbadius; Rhinolophus subbadius; garoensis; subbadius; garoensis; subbadius; subbadius; garoensis; Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat; Rhinolophe du Népal; Kleine Nepal-Hufeisennase; Herradura de Nepal; Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat; Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat; Little Nepalese Horseshoe Bat; R. subbadius