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(1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1363	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus convexus		[MSW3] pusillus species group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).; [HMW] Rhinolophus convexus Csorba, 1997 , “ Gunung Jasar, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands , Pahang State , Malaysia ( 4°28’N , 101°22’E ), 1,600 m elevation .” Rhinolophus convexus is included in the pusillus species group, although its relationship to other Rhinolophus species is still unclear. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  pusillus species group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).; [batnames2023]  pusillus species group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).; [batnames2025_1.7] pusillusspecies group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).														convexus				convexus	convexus			convexus Csorba, 1997						N/A																																								NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Rhinolophidae			Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus		convexus	Csorba		1997		J. Mammal.	78		343		Convex Horseshoe Bat	Malaysia, Pahang State, Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata (= Tana Rata), Gunung Jasar, 4°28'N, 101°22'E, 1,600 m.	Peninsular Malaysia, Laos.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Critically Endangered.		pusillus species group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).	885887A2FFE98A0FFF53FEFDFE63D66D	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf	hash://md5/7461ffdaffcf8a29ffccffa1ff85d963	314	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/88/58/87/885887A2FFEC8A0AFF00FDB9FCD1D34A.xml	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus	convexus	Csorba	1997	Convex Horseshoe Bat @en | Rhinolopheconvexe @fr | Cameron-Highlands-Hufeisennase @de | Herradura convexo @es	Rhinolophus convexus Csorba, 1997 , “ Gunung Jasar, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands , Pahang State , Malaysia ( 4°28’N , 101°22’E ), 1,600 m elevation .” Rhinolophus convexus is included in the pusillus species group, although its relationship to other Rhinolophus species is still unclear. Monotypic.	Peninsular Malaysia (Selangor and Pahang states) and possibly N Laos , although identity of Laotian specimens is uncertain.	Tail 18-22 mm , ear 15-16 mm , forearm 42-43 mm ; weight 7-2-8- 2 g . Dorsal pelage is rich russet-brown, ventral pelage is paler. Ears are small. Noseleaf has short, parallel-sided lancet with blunt, broadly rounded tip and convex lateral margins; connecting process is long and slender with concave anterior margin in lateral view, continuously sloping toward the base of sella, being hook-shaped; sella gradually narrows toward tip, which curves downward; horseshoe does not cover muzzle (c.7- 5 mm wide), has shallow median emargination, and has lateral leaflets. Skull is ofmoderate build (zygomatic width is slightly greater than mastoid width); anterior median swellings are low and slightly shorter than they are wide; posterior swellings are moderately developed; sagittal crest is low but conspicuous; frontal depression is shallow; supraorbital ridges are sharp. C1 is relatively slender; P2 is medium-sized and in line with tooth row; P3 is small and extruded from tooth row, although P and P4 are separated by conspicuous gap.	Upper montane forest in Peninsula Malaysia , at c . 1600 m .	No information.	The holotype was a pregnant female collected in late March.	Call shape in Laos (identity of this population is uncertain) is FM/ CF/FM with a peak F recorded at 92 kHz.	No information.	Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN ed List. The Convex Horseshoe Bat is known with certainty only by the holotype ; it appears to have a very restricted distribution. Virtually nothing is known of the species’ ecology; further studies are needed.	Csorba (1997) | Csorba, Bumrungsri, rancis , Görföl & Bates. (2016) | Csorba, Ujhelyi & Thomas (2003) | rancis (2008 a) | Thomas et at. (2013)	https://zenodo.org/record/3750048/files/figure.png	71 . Convex Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus convexus French: Rhinolophe convexe / German: Cameron-Highlands-Hufeisennase / Spanish: Herradura convexo Taxonomy. Rhinolophus convexus Csorba, 1997 , “ Gunung Jasar, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands , Pahang State , Malaysia ( 4°28’N , 101°22’E ), 1,600 m elevation .” Rhinolophus convexus is included in the pusillus species group, although its relationship to other Rhinolophus species is still unclear. Monotypic. Distribution. Peninsular Malaysia (Selangor and Pahang states) and possibly N Laos , although identity of Laotian specimens is uncertain. Descriptive notes. Tail 18-22 mm , ear 15-16 mm , forearm 42-43 mm ; weight 7-2-8- 2 g . Dorsal pelage is rich russet-brown, ventral pelage is paler. Ears are small. Noseleaf has short, parallel-sided lancet with blunt, broadly rounded tip and convex lateral margins; connecting process is long and slender with concave anterior margin in lateral view, continuously sloping toward the base of sella, being hook-shaped; sella gradually narrows toward tip, which curves downward; horseshoe does not cover muzzle (c.7- 5 mm wide), has shallow median emargination, and has lateral leaflets. Skull is ofmoderate build (zygomatic width is slightly greater than mastoid width); anterior median swellings are low and slightly shorter than they are wide; posterior swellings are moderately developed; sagittal crest is low but conspicuous; frontal depression is shallow; supraorbital ridges are sharp. C1 is relatively slender; P2 is medium-sized and in line with tooth row; P3 is small and extruded from tooth row, although P and P4 are separated by conspicuous gap. Habitat. Upper montane forest in Peninsula Malaysia , at c . 1600 m . Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. The holotype was a pregnant female collected in late March. Activity patterns. Call shape in Laos (identity of this population is uncertain) is FM/ CF/FM with a peak F recorded at 92 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN ed List. The Convex Horseshoe Bat is known with certainty only by the holotype ; it appears to have a very restricted distribution. Virtually nothing is known of the species’ ecology; further studies are needed. Bibliography. Csorba (1997), Csorba, Bumrungsri, rancis , Görföl & Bates. (2016), Csorba, Ujhelyi & Thomas (2003), rancis (2008 a ), Thomas et at. (2013).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus convexus	Rhinolophus		convexus	Csorba	1997	0	J. Mammal.	83:43:00	Convex Horseshoe Bat	None.	Malaysia, Pahang State, Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata (= Tana Rata), Gunung Jasar, 4°28'N, 101°22'E, 1,600 m.	Peninsular Malaysia, Laos.	Not listed.	Data Deficient	 pusillus species group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Rhinolophus convexus	23	Convex Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	convexus	Csorba	1997	0	Rhinolophus_convexus	Csorba, G. (1997). Description of a new species of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Malaysia. Journal of Mammalogy, 78(2), 343.	https://watermark.silverchair.com/78-2-342.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAuYwggLiBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggLTMIICzwIBADCCAsgGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMyPyMuXsyb_313pI_AgEQgIICmfG_1qO8za-0g45WhVenyzqdEySXo2PZQBEtm2nrBzpTTG-MZajK5Jk1BvANDEndaYZiNcPP1BreDKi0jeTY7ntXFmwhfNRT4BKbRVe6LTQj98FnM2VCOuc2gSEu-S7ZtXmQ7R2q8P89p5b2COzt3KpH3HrhpCYbAoQ5YN2A3gXDxQKQvcHdEpjDgDdT6BqDw66OKhDF0OnIlje_O79XBGk_l7BUQRCMTkDzER2FYMbgWkDDKAn-EQmv_2dJ372ADzK-dZMgtM3NvqcI7aCZhjrgFOmvCYuPDNVFyyww-NkCgtOE2P5FNz9dX7W0eLCCkAYiTNkHbX0fkygLyiIvK7QvnWAVTqT5lzYgq-fsWe2wHFO_vkH0UfkeREcIBY5sNd8gnOKLuap0JoqQ5WEt1dFf3hl505bc6x-0q1KNxDpxCObdizhfIJB8YLBAlUdTeiHF8UxMkxBhzX6scJy2KlC0p8g0IHNQM8q2FriljjRL34EX1N_EJYTK1Gnvs3jmttt5JU6mbDYFyNhlvHGxdbJyNevlgcdvme_KXc8_yLPmgFjWVnxK16Ww-DiFcN4iwMBcNMgIiTv75bt11si5IW6yGnW8nmGnK_9tolAOloz6zdo87xNm-7QAIlRVQpCeIhR_p2OnZsNJ3ErAx6Yql5mPf56nL6mSW36ghgT0ehiqFa4LfxbLW8dNlb6QhcEI7ynjGuOdsiChC0XkTK-ImDQe7WIBXfMxwAd5TBTjOiBWMfewzN-s32G3w9CGKZgGtYYZhAhL1JBuiGUhDrDobdm20VO40q6lJME2yYZUr9Q7gbLYoDk2GPRR5kxYti3pq370d--Q6XUwnzu1udkNI0b6bpckoq543HShrTL2YlJfTtNYnvf_CXuH	HNHM 95.55.14		"Gunung Jasar, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands, Pahang State, Malaysia (4°28'N, 101°22'E), 1,600 m elevation."	4.4667	101.37	convexus Csorba, 1997	NA	NA	Malaysia|Laos?	Asia	Indomalaya	DD	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_convexus	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_convexus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	40037	Rhinolophus convexus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	Rhinolophus	convexus	Csorba, 1997		20000000	Rhinolophus convexus	Data Deficient		2016	2015-12-27 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	The Convex Horseshoe Bat is assessed as Data Deficient as there is very little information available on its habitat, population and distribution, and it is still known only from three or four specimens. Further surveys are required in order to confirm the validity of the additional population discovered in Lao PDR.	This species was found in upper montane forest in Malaysia at 1,600 m asl (G. Csorba pers. comm). The Lao PDR specimen was collected in front of a cave.	Threats to this species are unknown.	<p><span lang="HU">The species is known by two specimens only, the holotype and a second individual from Selangor housed in the collection of Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt. There is no information known about population status and trends.</p>	Unknown	<p><span lang="HU">The species is recorded from Peninsular Malaysia only (Pahang and Selangor States). Although the previous IUCN assessment mentioned a record from Lao PDR, Thomas et al . (2013) do not list the species from that country but mention that <span lang="HU">specimens referred to <span lang="HU">R. pusillus <span lang="HU">from Lao PDR appear to represent multiple species and further taxonomic work is required to determine whether any of them represent <span lang="HU">R. convexus.</span> </span></p>		Terrestrial	The species' known range in Lao PDR is outside of any protected area. Further studies are needed into the distribution, abundance, reproduction and ecology of this species.	Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		convexus	Csorba	1997	0	J. Mammal.	83:43:00	Convex Horseshoe Bat	None.	Malaysia, Pahang State, Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata (= Tana Rata), Gunung Jasar, 4°28'N, 101°22'E, 1,600 m.	Peninsular Malaysia, Laos.	Not listed.	Data Deficient	 pusillus species group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).	Rhinolophus convexus	1004673	23	Convex Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	convexus	Csorba	1997	0	Rhinolophus_convexus	Csorba, G. (1997). Description of a new species of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Malaysia. Journal of Mammalogy, 78(2), 343.	https://watermark.silverchair.com/78-2-342.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAuYwggLiBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggLTMIICzwIBADCCAsgGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMyPyMuXsyb_313pI_AgEQgIICmfG_1qO8za-0g45WhVenyzqdEySXo2PZQBEtm2nrBzpTTG-MZajK5Jk1BvANDEndaYZiNcPP1BreDKi0jeTY7ntXFmwhfNRT4BKbRVe6LTQj98FnM2VCOuc2gSEu-S7ZtXmQ7R2q8P89p5b2COzt3KpH3HrhpCYbAoQ5YN2A3gXDxQKQvcHdEpjDgDdT6BqDw66OKhDF0OnIlje_O79XBGk_l7BUQRCMTkDzER2FYMbgWkDDKAn-EQmv_2dJ372ADzK-dZMgtM3NvqcI7aCZhjrgFOmvCYuPDNVFyyww-NkCgtOE2P5FNz9dX7W0eLCCkAYiTNkHbX0fkygLyiIvK7QvnWAVTqT5lzYgq-fsWe2wHFO_vkH0UfkeREcIBY5sNd8gnOKLuap0JoqQ5WEt1dFf3hl505bc6x-0q1KNxDpxCObdizhfIJB8YLBAlUdTeiHF8UxMkxBhzX6scJy2KlC0p8g0IHNQM8q2FriljjRL34EX1N_EJYTK1Gnvs3jmttt5JU6mbDYFyNhlvHGxdbJyNevlgcdvme_KXc8_yLPmgFjWVnxK16Ww-DiFcN4iwMBcNMgIiTv75bt11si5IW6yGnW8nmGnK_9tolAOloz6zdo87xNm-7QAIlRVQpCeIhR_p2OnZsNJ3ErAx6Yql5mPf56nL6mSW36ghgT0ehiqFa4LfxbLW8dNlb6QhcEI7ynjGuOdsiChC0XkTK-ImDQe7WIBXfMxwAd5TBTjOiBWMfewzN-s32G3w9CGKZgGtYYZhAhL1JBuiGUhDrDobdm20VO40q6lJME2yYZUr9Q7gbLYoDk2GPRR5kxYti3pq370d--Q6XUwnzu1udkNI0b6bpckoq543HShrTL2YlJfTtNYnvf_CXuH	HNHM 95.55.14		"Gunung Jasar, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands, Pahang State, Malaysia (4°28'N, 101°22'E), 1,600 m elevation."	4.466667	101.3667	convexus Csorba, 1997	NA	NA				Malaysia|Laos?	Asia	Indomalaya	DD	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_convexus	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_convexus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Rhinolophus_convexus	1004673	23	Convex Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	convexus	Csorba	0	Rhinolophus convexus	Csorba, G. 1997. Description of a new species of _Rhinolophus_ (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Malaysia. Journal of Mammalogy 78(2):342-347.	https://www.jstor.org/stable/1382887	HNHM 95.55.14	holotype		"Gunung Jasar, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands, Pahang State, Malaysia (4°28'N, 101°22'E), 1,600 m elevation."	4.466667	101.3667	NA	NA				Malaysia|Laos?	Asia	Indomalaya	DD	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_convexus	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_convexus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		convexus	Csorba	1997	0	J. Mammal.	83:43:00	Convex Horseshoe Bat	None.	Malaysia, Pahang State, Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata (= Tana Rata), Gunung Jasar, 4°28'N, 101°22'E, 1,600 m.	Peninsular Malaysia, Laos.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40037/22060825/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	pusillusspecies group. Reviewed by Csorba et al. (2003).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Rhinolophus convexus; Rhinolophus convexus; Rhinolophus convexus; Rhinolophus convexus; Rhinolophus convexus; Rhinolophus convexus; convexus; Convex Horseshoe Bat; Rhinolopheconvexe; Cameron-Highlands-Hufeisennase; Herradura convexo; Convex Horseshoe Bat; Convex Horseshoe Bat; Convex Horseshoe Bat; R. convexus