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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1337	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus alcyone		[MSW3] landeri species group.; [HMW] Rhinolophus aZcyon « Temminck, 1853 , “ La rivière Boutry à la Guiné [= Boutry River , Guinea ] .” Rhinolophus alcyone is in the landeri species group with R landeri , R guineensis , R blasii , and R lobatus . It is genetically close to R landeri , although additional sampling is needed to fully resolve its placement Although no subspecies are recognized, there are distinct pelage differences between eastern and western populations and the Bioko Island population, suggesting taxonomic revision is needed. Specimens from Gabon might represent R silvestris , which requires additional investigation. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  landeri species group.; [IUCN] There are considerable colour differences between the western and eastern populations of this bat, suggesting that there may be a need to re-examine the taxonomic status of these two groups.; [batnames2023]  landeri species group.; [batnames2025_1.7] landeri species group.														alcyone	There are considerable colour differences between the western and eastern populations of this bat, suggesting that there may be a need to re-examine the taxonomic status of these two groups.			alcyone	alcyone			alcyone Temminck, 1853		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Halcyon horseshoe bat	Senegal – NE Zaire, Gabon	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Rhinolophus alcyone	Ghana, Boutry River.	Temminck	1852	Esquisses Zool. sur la Cote de Guine, p. 80.	Distribution: Confined to the forest zone from Senegal to Uganda, including Fernando Poo.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Halcyon horseshoe bat	Senegal – NE Zaire, Gabon	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Temminck	1852	Esquisses Zool. sur la Cote de Guine, p. 80.		Senegal to Uganda, SW Sudan, N Zaire, and Gabon; Bioko.	Ghana, Boutry River.		TEMMINCK	1852	Connecting process triangular in profile. First phalanx of fourth digit of wing shortened. Size relatively large (forearm length, 49-54 mm; total length of skull, 22-24 mm); maxillary toothrow length, 8.6-8.9 mm.	Distribution: Confined to the forest zone from Senegal to Uganda, including Fernando Poo.	No subspecies.		54	species	R. alcyone	TEMMINCK	1852	Rhinolophus	genus	Rhinolophus alcyone				Connecting process triangular in profile. First phalanx of fourth digit of wing shortened. Size relatively large (forearm length, 49-54 mm; total length of skull, 22-24 mm); maxillary toothrow length, 8.6-8.9 mm.	No subspecies.		26. R. alcyone TEMMINCK 1852 [pusillus group].	26	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Rhinolophidae			Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus		alcyone	Temminck		1853		Esquisses Zool. sur la Côte de Guine			80		Halcyon Horseshoe Bat	Ghana, Boutry River.	Senegal to Uganda, SW Sudan, N Dem. Rep. Congo, and Gabon; Bioko (Equatorial Guinea).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).		landeri species group.	885887A2FFC78A21FF51FBD4FCA4C923	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf	hash://md5/7461ffdaffcf8a29ffccffa1ff85d963	281	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/88/58/87/885887A2FFCD8A2AF896F90CFCD5DADB.xml	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus	alcyone	Temminck	1853	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat @en | Rhinolophe alcyone @fr | Alcyon-Hufeisennase @de | Herradura alción @es | Herradura alción @en	Rhinolophus aZcyon « Temminck, 1853 , “ La rivière Boutry à la Guiné [= Boutry River , Guinea ] .” Rhinolophus alcyone is in the landeri species group with R landeri , R guineensis , R blasii , and R lobatus . It is genetically close to R landeri , although additional sampling is needed to fully resolve its placement Although no subspecies are recognized, there are distinct pelage differences between eastern and western populations and the Bioko Island population, suggesting taxonomic revision is needed. Specimens from Gabon might represent R silvestris , which requires additional investigation. Monotypic.	W & C Africa from Senegal to Togo and from S Nigeria , S Cameroon , and SW Central African Republic to W Republic of the Congo , Equatorial Guinea and Bioko I, and Gabon , also patchily in Congo Basin, SW South Sudan , and W Uganda .	Head—body c. 57—68 mm , tail 18—32 mm , ear 19—25 mm , hindfoot 11-13 mm , forearm 48-56 mm ; weight 14—23 g . Typical dorsal pelage is dark to medium brown (hairs are yellowish beige with brown tips); ventral pelage is slighdy paler. Orange-morph pelage is pale brown to bright orange-red, which is rare. Intermediate form has been recorded where body was dark brown, with orange-brown rump. Some males have bright orange axillary tufts. Ears are comparatively short (36—49% of forearm length) and have 8—9 internal folds. Noseleaf has subtriangular lancet, with straight or slightly concave margins; tip is bluntly pointed; sella has extremely short white hairs and is narrow with straight, almost parallel sides; top of sella is rounded and curved forward; connecting process is well developed and subtriangular, with bluntly to sharply pointed tip; horseshoe is of medium breadth (8-3-11- 2 mm ) and nearly covers muzzle; and there are lateral leaflets present and median emargination. Lower lip has well-defined median groove and two poorly defined lateral grooves. Wings are medium to blackish brown, and first phalanx of fourth finger is relatively short (19—22% of fourth metacarpal). Uropatagium is paler brown; one specimen had cream uropatagium, with dark brown reticulation. Skull is robust, and zygomatic arches are moderately robust; zygomatic width is greater than mastoid width; nasal swellings are relatively high; anterior medium swellings are globular and prominent; lateral and posterior swellings are not as prominent ; frontal depression is very shallow; supraorbital ridge is weak; and sagittal crest is variably developed, being low to well developed. P2 is in tooth row or slightly displaced labially; C1 and P4 are well separated; P3 can be either displaced labially from tooth row or within it; and P2 and P4 are separated.	Closed tropical moist forests and also savanna with pockets ofsuitable habitat.	The Halcyon Horseshoe Bat is insectivorous.	One lactating and three pregnant Halcyon Horseshoe Bats were captured in western Uganda in midJune, and a birth was recorded in September. In Ivory Coast , four pregnant females were captured in mid-February. On following pages: 4. Lander's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus landeri ); 5. Guinean Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus guineensis ); 6. Blasius's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus blasii ); 7. Peters's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus lobatus ); 8. Swinny's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus swinnyi ); 9. Cape Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus capensis ); 10. Gorongosa Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus gorongosae ); 11. Roberts's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus rhodesiae ); 12. Bushveld Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus simulato /); 13. Dent's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus denti ); 14. Cameroon Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus alticolus ); 15. Mehely's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus mehelyi ); 16. Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus euryale ); 17. Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus hildebrandtii ); 18. Mount Mabu Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus mabuensis ); 19. Cohen's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus cohenae ); 20. Smithers's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus smithersi ); 21. Mozambican Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus mossambicus ); 22. Rüppell's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus fumigatus ); 23. Eloquent Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus Bloquons ).	During the day, Halcyon Horseshoe Bats roost in caves, hollow trees, roofs of thatched houses, and old mine shafts. Call frequency is 87 kHz in Uganda .	Halcyon Horseshoe Bats often occur in colonies of up to 20 individuals and occasionally alone. They have been recorded roosting with Cameroon Horseshoe Bats ( 7 t alticolus ).	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN ed List. Although the Halcyon Horseshoe Bat is considered rare and difficult to find, it is widespread and is currently considered not threatened. Potential threats include habitat loss from logging and agricultural expansion. It is hunted for food in some areas, which might be a localized threat.	ACR (2018) | Csorba et al. (2003) | Grubb et al. (1998) | Happold, M. (2013p) | Monadjem, Taylor, Jacobs & Cotterill (2017a) | Rosevear (1965)	https://zenodo.org/record/3748527/files/figure.png	3 . Halcyon Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus alcyone French : Rhinolophe alcyone / German : Alcyon-Hufeisennase / Spanish : Herradura alción Taxonomy. Rhinolophus aZcyon « Temminck, 1853 , “ La rivière Boutry à la Guiné [= Boutry River , Guinea ] .” Rhinolophus alcyone is in the landeri species group with R landeri , R guineensis , R blasii , and R lobatus . It is genetically close to R landeri , although additional sampling is needed to fully resolve its placement Although no subspecies are recognized, there are distinct pelage differences between eastern and western populations and the Bioko Island population, suggesting taxonomic revision is needed. Specimens from Gabon might represent R silvestris , which requires additional investigation. Monotypic. Distribution. W & C Africa from Senegal to Togo and from S Nigeria , S Cameroon , and SW Central African Republic to W Republic of the Congo , Equatorial Guinea and Bioko I, and Gabon , also patchily in Congo Basin, SW South Sudan , and W Uganda . Descriptive notes. Head—body c. 57—68 mm , tail 18—32 mm , ear 19—25 mm , hindfoot 11-13 mm , forearm 48-56 mm ; weight 14—23 g . Typical dorsal pelage is dark to medium brown (hairs are yellowish beige with brown tips); ventral pelage is slighdy paler. Orange-morph pelage is pale brown to bright orange-red, which is rare. Intermediate form has been recorded where body was dark brown, with orange-brown rump. Some males have bright orange axillary tufts. Ears are comparatively short (36—49% of forearm length) and have 8—9 internal folds. Noseleaf has subtriangular lancet, with straight or slightly concave margins; tip is bluntly pointed; sella has extremely short white hairs and is narrow with straight, almost parallel sides; top of sella is rounded and curved forward; connecting process is well developed and subtriangular, with bluntly to sharply pointed tip; horseshoe is of medium breadth (8-3-11- 2 mm ) and nearly covers muzzle; and there are lateral leaflets present and median emargination. Lower lip has well-defined median groove and two poorly defined lateral grooves. Wings are medium to blackish brown, and first phalanx of fourth finger is relatively short (19—22% of fourth metacarpal). Uropatagium is paler brown; one specimen had cream uropatagium, with dark brown reticulation. Skull is robust, and zygomatic arches are moderately robust; zygomatic width is greater than mastoid width; nasal swellings are relatively high; anterior medium swellings are globular and prominent; lateral and posterior swellings are not as prominent ; frontal depression is very shallow; supraorbital ridge is weak; and sagittal crest is variably developed, being low to well developed. P2 is in tooth row or slightly displaced labially; C1 and P4 are well separated; P3 can be either displaced labially from tooth row or within it; and P2 and P4 are separated. Habitat. Closed tropical moist forests and also savanna with pockets ofsuitable habitat. Food and Feeding. The Halcyon Horseshoe Bat is insectivorous. Breeding. One lactating and three pregnant Halcyon Horseshoe Bats were captured in western Uganda in midJune, and a birth was recorded in September. In Ivory Coast , four pregnant females were captured in mid-February. On following pages: 4. Lander's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus landeri ); 5. Guinean Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus guineensis ); 6. Blasius's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus blasii ); 7. Peters's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus lobatus ); 8. Swinny's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus swinnyi ); 9. Cape Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus capensis ); 10. Gorongosa Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus gorongosae ); 11. Roberts's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus rhodesiae ); 12. Bushveld Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus simulato /); 13. Dent's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus denti ); 14. Cameroon Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus alticolus ); 15. Mehely's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus mehelyi ); 16. Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus euryale ); 17. Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus hildebrandtii ); 18. Mount Mabu Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus mabuensis ); 19. Cohen's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus cohenae ); 20. Smithers's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus smithersi ); 21. Mozambican Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus mossambicus ); 22. Rüppell's Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus fumigatus ); 23. Eloquent Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus Bloquons ). Activity patterns. During the day, Halcyon Horseshoe Bats roost in caves, hollow trees, roofs of thatched houses, and old mine shafts. Call frequency is 87 kHz in Uganda . Movements, Home range and Social organization. Halcyon Horseshoe Bats often occur in colonies of up to 20 individuals and occasionally alone. They have been recorded roosting with Cameroon Horseshoe Bats ( 7 t alticolus ). Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN ed List. Although the Halcyon Horseshoe Bat is considered rare and difficult to find, it is widespread and is currently considered not threatened. Potential threats include habitat loss from logging and agricultural expansion. It is hunted for food in some areas, which might be a localized threat. Bibliography. ACR (2018), Csorba et al. (2003), Grubb et al. (1998), Happold, M. (2013p), Monadjem, Taylor, Jacobs & Cotterill (2017a), Rosevear (1965).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus alcyone	Rhinolophus		alcyone	Temminck	1853	0	Esquisses Zool. sur la C&ocirc;te de Guine	p. 80	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat	None.	Ghana, Boutry River.	Senegal to Uganda, SW Sudan, N Dem. Rep. Congo, and Gabon; Bioko (Equatorial Guinea).	Not listed.	Least Concern	 landeri species group.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Rhinolophus alcyone	23	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	alcyone	Temminck	1853	0	Rhinolophus_alcyone	Temminck, C. J. (1853). Esquisses zoologiques sur la côte de Guiné. le partie, les mammifères. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 80.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51377#page/104/mode/1up	RMNH 35892		"La rivière Boutry à la Guiné [= Boutry River, Guinea]."			alcyone Temminck, 1853	NA	NA	Senegal|Guinea|Sierra Leone|Liberia|Côte d'Ivoire|Ghana|Togo|Nigeria|Cameroon|Equatorial Guinea|Gabon|Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Central African Republic|South Sudan|Uganda	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_alcyone	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_alcyone	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	19523	Rhinolophus alcyone	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	RHINOLOPHIDAE	Rhinolophus	alcyone	Temminck, 1852	There are considerable colour differences between the western and eastern populations of this bat, suggesting that there may be a need to re-examine the taxonomic status of these two groups.	20000000	Rhinolophus alcyone	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	This species is associated with closed tropical moist forest, but also extends into savanna where there are pockets of suitable habitat (Grubb et al. 1998). During the day colonies roost in caves, hollow trees, the roofs of thatched houses and in old mine shafts (Rosevear 1965; Brosset 1966; Happold, 1987).	This widespread species is threatened in parts of its range by habitat loss, largely resulting from logging and conversion of land to agricultural use. In some areas the species is hunted for food, although it is unclear whether this represents a major threat.	This species is easily found in colonies of up to 20 animals.	Unknown	This sub-Saharan bat species ranges through much of West and Central Africa. It has been recorded from Senegal in the west through to Togo, and then from Nigeria to southern Sudan and western Uganda, with patchy records from the Congo basin (although it likely occurs throughout the Congo). It ranges as far south as central Democratic Republic of the Congo. The record of this species from Gabon needs to be reexamined as it may represent a misidentified specimen of Rhinolophus sylvester (Dowsett et al. 1991).		Terrestrial	It is not known if the species is present in any protected areas. Further studies are needed into the taxonomy and distribution of this species.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		alcyone	Temminck	1853	0	Esquisses Zool. sur la C&ocirc;te de Guine	p. 80	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat	None.	Ghana, Boutry River.	Senegal to Uganda, SW Sudan, N Dem. Rep. Congo, and Gabon; Bioko (Equatorial Guinea).	Not listed.	Least Concern	 landeri species group.	Rhinolophus alcyone	1004655	23	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	alcyone	Temminck	1853	0	Rhinolophus_alcyone	Temminck, C. J. (1853). Esquisses zoologiques sur la côte de Guiné. le partie, les mammifères. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 80.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51377#page/104/mode/1up	RMNH 35892		"La rivière Boutry à la Guiné [= Boutry River, Guinea]."			alcyone Temminck, 1853	NA	NA				Senegal|Guinea|Sierra Leone|Liberia|Côte d'Ivoire|Ghana|Togo|Nigeria|Cameroon|Equatorial Guinea|Gabon|Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Central African Republic|South Sudan|Uganda	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_alcyone	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_alcyone	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Rhinolophus_alcyone	1004655	23	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Rhinolophidae	NA	NA	Rhinolophus	NA	alcyone	Temminck	0	Rhinolophus alcyone	Temminck, C.J. 1853. Esquisses zoologiques sur la côte de Guiné. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 256 pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14835827	RMNH.MAM.35892	holotype	https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.35892.a | https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.35892.b	"La rivière Boutry à la Guiné [= Boutry River, Guinea]."			NA	NA				Senegal|Guinea|Sierra Leone|Liberia|Cote d'Ivoire|Ghana|Togo|Nigeria|Cameroon|Equatorial Guinea|Gabon|Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Central African Republic|South Sudan|Uganda	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Rhinolophus_alcyone	0	sciname match	Rhinolophus_alcyone	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Rhinolophidae	Rhinolophus		alcyone	Temminck	1853	0	Esquisses Zool. sur la C&ocirc;te de Guine	p. 80	Halcyon Horseshoe Bat	None.	Ghana, Boutry River.	Senegal to Uganda, SW Sudan, N Dem. Rep. Congo, and Gabon; Bioko (Equatorial Guinea).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/19523/21981963/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	landeri species group.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Rhinolophus alcyone; Rhinolophus alcyone; Rhinolophus alcyone; Rhinolophus alcyone; Rhinolophus alcyone; Rhinolophus alcyone; alcyone; Halcyon Horseshoe Bat; Rhinolophe alcyone; Alcyon-Hufeisennase; Herradura alción; Herradura alción; Halcyon Horseshoe Bat; Halcyon Horseshoe Bat; Halcyon Horseshoe Bat; R. alcyone