http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1138	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor brachypterus		[MSW3] Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971d, 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995a, b), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.; [HMW] Vespertilio brachypterus Temminck, 1840 , “le district de Padang,” Sumatra , Indonesia . A close relationship of Philetor to Tylonycteris was already suspected by some earlier authors; this was confirmed by the DNA-barcode study of C. M. Francis and colleagues in 2010, and in subsequent phylogenetic analyses. More recent phylogenetic studies by M. Ruedi and colleagues in 2017 and T. Gorfol and colleagues in 2018 and 2019 show Philetor to be closely related to Cassistrellus and Tylonycteris , the three forming a separate clade. The genus Philetorwas long considered to include only one named form, P. rohui, described by O. Thomas in 1902 from New Guinea . In 1966, J. E. Hill demonstrated that the Peninsular Malaysian form described by F. N. Chasen in 1940 as Eptesicus verecundus also belonged to Philetor , and he treated it as a race of P. hui. In 1971, Hill showed that Vespertilio brachypterus of Sumatra, at that time classified as a species of Pipustrellus, was also referable to Philetor , he treated it as a third race, and as it was the oldest name, it became the correct name for the species. Despite Hill's recognition of three subspecies, the actual pattern of variation has proved too complex to fit this taxonomy;it had been suggested that variations in the shape of the narial emargination (Uor V-shaped gap) justified the subspecies, but in 1983 K. F. Koopman regarded this feature as unreliable. In 2017, V. C. Lim and colleagues performed NJ analyses of the barcoding gene, and suggested cryptic species among Peninsular Malaysian and/or Bornean specimens. In a morphological study in 2017, U. Saikia and colleagues reidentified specimens supposedly of P. brachypterus from Nepal and Sikkim as Hypsugo joffrei ; morphological data suggest that Philetor has a close evolutionary relationship with Tylonycteris and H. joffrei . The internal taxonomy ofthis species is in need of revision. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971 d , 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995 a , b ), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.; [IUCN] The taxonomy of this species is in need of review (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006, G. Csorba pers. comm. 2019).; [batnames2023] Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971 d , 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995 a , b ), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.; [batnames2025_1.7] Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971d, 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995a, b), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.				rohui, verecundus		rohui, veraecundus (see Hill, 1971d).			rohui, verecundus			brachypterus 	brachypterus - rohui, verecundus	brachypterus, rohui, verecundus	The taxonomy of this species is in need of review (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006, G. Csorba pers. comm. 2019).	brachypterus 	brachypterus - rohui, verecundus	brachypterus, rohui, verecundus	brachypterus, rohui, verecundus	brachypterus 	brachypterus - rohui, verecundus	brachypterus (Temminck, 1840)|rohui O. Thomas, 1902|verecundus (Chasen, 1940)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	New Guinea brown bat	Malaya – New Guinea; Borneo, ? Java	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Philetor brachypterus	Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang Dist.	Temminck	1840	Monogr. Mamm., 2:215.	Distribution: Same as for genus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	New Guinea brown bat	E Nepal, Malaya – New Guinea, Bismarck Arch., Philippines; refs. 4.80,	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Temminck	1840	Monogr. Mamm., 2:215.		Nepal, W Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea, New Britain Isl (Bismarck Arch.), perhaps Banka Isl (Indonesia).	Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang Dist.		TEMMINCK	1840	Forearm length, 31-38 mm.	Distribution: Same as for genus.	Three subspecies are usually recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too erratic to fit a three subspecies treatment.		122	species	P. brachypterus	TEMMINCK	1840	Philetor	genus	Philetor brachypterus				Forearm length, 31-38 mm.	Three subspecies are usually recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too erratic to fit a three subspecies treatment.		1. P. brachypterus (TEMMINCK 1840) (= rohui THOMAS 1902; = veraecundus CHASEN 1940).	1	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Vespertilionini	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor		brachypterus	Temminck	y	1840		Monogr. Mamm.	2		215		Rohu's Bat	Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang Dist.	Nepal, W Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea, New Britain and New Ireland Isls (Bismarck Arch.). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka Isl (Indonesia) does not appear to be authentic, see Corbet and Hill (1992).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	rohui Thomas, 1902; verecundus Chasen, 1940.	Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971d, 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995a, b), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.	4C3D87E8FFE46A64FF849CE11D55B972	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	789	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFE46A64FF849CE11D55B972.xml	Philetor brachypterus	Vespertilionidae	Philetor	brachypterus		1840	Vespertilion brachyptere @fr | Rohu-Fledermaus @de | Vespertilionidode alas cortas @es | Narrow-winged Brown Bat @en | Narrow-winged Pipistrelle @en | Short-winged Pipistrelle @en	Vespertilio brachypterus Temminck, 1840 , “le district de Padang,” Sumatra , Indonesia . A close relationship of Philetor to Tylonycteris was already suspected by some earlier authors; this was confirmed by the DNA-barcode study of C. M. Francis and colleagues in 2010, and in subsequent phylogenetic analyses. More recent phylogenetic studies by M. Ruedi and colleagues in 2017 and T. Gorfol and colleagues in 2018 and 2019 show Philetor to be closely related to Cassistrellus and Tylonycteris , the three forming a separate clade. The genus Philetorwas long considered to include only one named form, P. rohui, described by O. Thomas in 1902 from New Guinea . In 1966, J. E. Hill demonstrated that the Peninsular Malaysian form described by F. N. Chasen in 1940 as Eptesicus verecundus also belonged to Philetor , and he treated it as a race of P. hui. In 1971, Hill showed that Vespertilio brachypterus of Sumatra, at that time classified as a species of Pipustrellus, was also referable to Philetor , he treated it as a third race, and as it was the oldest name, it became the correct name for the species. Despite Hill's recognition of three subspecies, the actual pattern of variation has proved too complex to fit this taxonomy;it had been suggested that variations in the shape of the narial emargination (Uor V-shaped gap) justified the subspecies, but in 1983 K. F. Koopman regarded this feature as unreliable. In 2017, V. C. Lim and colleagues performed NJ analyses of the barcoding gene, and suggested cryptic species among Peninsular Malaysian and/or Bornean specimens. In a morphological study in 2017, U. Saikia and colleagues reidentified specimens supposedly of P. brachypterus from Nepal and Sikkim as Hypsugo joffrei ; morphological data suggest that Philetor has a close evolutionary relationship with Tylonycteris and H. joffrei . The internal taxonomy ofthis species is in need of revision. Monotypic.	Philippines (S Luzon, Catanduanes , Panay, Samar, Leyte , Negros, and Mindanao Is), Peninsular Malaysia , CW Sumatra, N & NW Borneo, Sulawesi, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago ( New Ireland and New Britain Is). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka I does not appear to be authentic. Previous records from India ( Sikkim ) and C & E Nepal are misidentifications, now attributable to Joftre’s Pipistrelle ( Hypsugo joffrer).	Head-body 52-64 mm, tail 30-38 mm, ear 13-16 mm, hindfoot 8-10 mm, forearm 30-38 mm; weight 8-13 g. Males are larger than females in almost all dimensions. Fur is short and dense, the upperparts reddish to dark brown, with pale gray-brown bases and dark tips; underparts are paler, red brown to gray brown. Head is ratherflat, with no noticeable forehead. Sparsely haired muzzle is short and broad, and appears swollen. Nostrils are widely separated. Ears are short, triangular and of moderate size; posterior margin attaches to underside of throat; there is a small antitragal lobe at base of anterior margin; inner surface of ear sparsely haired; tragusis short, blunt, and fleshy. Eyes are minute, with no facial hairs. Wings are narrow, with fifth digit shortened, its tip reaching only to halfway along first phalanx of fourth finger; these are attached to the lower end of the tibiae. Males and females have unusually elaborate genitalia: elongated penis of male lacks a prepuce, and has a cushion-like, bristly pad at end of main shaft, followed by a narrow shaft supporting a broadened triangular structure; vulva of female is very small and is longitudinally oriented, rather than horizontally as in other bats, and there are five separate pads around the vulva; particularly striking is the deep dark brown color of part of the penis tip in Philetor , a feature not described before. Skull is short and somewhat spherical in appearance, with conspicuous peg-like projections over anterior edge of orbit. Skull slopes evenly in profile; rostrum is short, deep and broad. The indistinct supraorbital ridges terminate in very well-developed supraorbital processes; basioccipital pits are deep; braincase bulbous; sagittal crest and lambdoid ridges are slightly developed. Zygomata are extremely weak; interorbital region is broad. Dental formulais12/3,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 32. I? is elongated and narrow basally with two cusps (bicuspidate), I” is smaller and conical, and separated from C'by a narrow diastema; C' has broad anterior face and well-defined secondary cusp posteriorly; P? is absent. There is a known case of an individual from Sulawesi (Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park) possessing a small P?; more material is needed to evaluate this unusual feature. P* is short,its length about half its width; crowded between C' and M'. Lower incisors are tricuspidate and separated from each other; lower molars are nyctalodont. Condylo-basal length 12-9-15 mm; maxillary tooth row 4-6-5 mm. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 26 and FN = 48 (Ulu Gombak, Peninsular Malaysia ).	Both pristine forest and disturbed areas. In the Philippines , the species occurs in primary and disturbed lowland forests from sea level to 1450 m . In Malaysia , it can be found in peat-swamp forest. Elsewhere in the region it has been recorded in degraded forest adjacent to good lowland and montane forest. On Mindanao (Mount Kitanglad) netted in disturbed lowland forest at 800 m , and in residual montane forest at 1450 m . In New Guinea found in primary and disturbed tropical moist forests. It can be found in coconut plantations adjacent to forest. It ranges from sea level up to elevations of 2100 m .	Rohu’s Bat appears to forage in relatively open areas and typically flies at high speed. It forages in the forest understory and subcanopy, and over grassland. Stomachs of three specimens contained insects including Coleoptera and Hymenoptera .	Pregnant females with a single embryo were found from late May to mid-June in Borneo and March/April in Peninsular Malaysia . On Mindanao (Mount Kitanglad) an adult female netted in April was pregnant with a single near-term embryo.	Rohu’s Bat leaves the day roost at dusk. It roosts in tree hollows and holes 1-5-4-5 m aboveground. Bats sometimes roost in coconut palms in New Guinea , but not in South Asia. In Papua New Guinea , one specimen was taken from a hollow tree that had previously been occupied by a Lesser Tree Mouse ( Chiruromys vates). On New Britain , most bats were found in hollow trees in rainforest. There appear to be no roosting records from caves. Echolocation call from Mount Makiling, Laguna Province, Luzon, had a mean frequency of 30-6 kHz. In New Guinea heard making an insect-like call from a hole in a coconut palm.	Rohu’s Bats forage in relatively open areas and typically fly at high speed, having correspondingly narrow, stubby wings. Up to 55 individuals have been collected from a single tree. On New Britain , bats were found in mixed groups or segregated male and female groups.	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List in view of its wide distribution and expected large population. Rohu’s Bat occurs in a number of protected areas, and tolerates a degree of habitat modification. There appear to be no major threats. Surveys and research are needed overits entire range.	Amador et al. (2018) | Bates & Harrison (1997) | Boitani et al. (2006) | Bonaccorso (1998) | Brass (1964) | Chasen (1940) | Corbet & Hill (1992) | Flannery (1995a, 1995b) | Francis (2008a) | Francis et al. (2010) | Gor fol & Csorba (2018) | Gorfol et al. (2019) | Heaney, Balete, Alviola et al. (2012) | Heaney, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998) | Heaney, Balete & Rickart (2016) | Heaney, Tabaranza et al. (2006) | Heller & Volleth (1989) | Hill (1966, 1971b) | Hill & Harrison (1987) | Hill & Rozendaal (1989) | Kock (1981) | Koopman (1982b, 1983) | Lim, B.L. et al. (1972) | Lim, V.C. et al. (2017) | Medway (1983) | Miller (1907) | Payne et al. (1985) | Phillipps & Phillipps (2016) | Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Bonaccorso et al. (2008) | Ruedi, Eger et al. (2017) | Saikia et al. (2017) | Sediock (2001) | Simmons (2005) | Tate (1942b) | Thomas (1902b) | Volleth & Heller (1994a)	https://zenodo.org/record/6397896/files/figure.png	59. Rohu’s Bat Philetor brachypterus French: Vespertilion brachyptere / German: Rohu-Fledermaus / Spanish: Vespertilionido de alas cortas Other common names: Narrow-winged Brown Bat , Narrow-winged Pipistrelle , Short-winged Pipistrelle Taxonomy. Vespertilio brachypterus Temminck, 1840 , “le district de Padang,” Sumatra , Indonesia . A close relationship of Philetor to Tylonycteris was already suspected by some earlier authors; this was confirmed by the DNA-barcode study of C. M. Francis and colleagues in 2010, and in subsequent phylogenetic analyses. More recent phylogenetic studies by M. Ruedi and colleagues in 2017 and T. Gorfol and colleagues in 2018 and 2019 show Philetor to be closely related to Cassistrellus and Tylonycteris , the three forming a separate clade. The genus Philetorwas long considered to include only one named form, P. rohui, described by O. Thomas in 1902 from New Guinea . In 1966, J. E. Hill demonstrated that the Peninsular Malaysian form described by F. N. Chasen in 1940 as Eptesicus verecundus also belonged to Philetor , and he treated it as a race of P. hui. In 1971, Hill showed that Vespertilio brachypterus of Sumatra, at that time classified as a species of Pipustrellus, was also referable to Philetor , he treated it as a third race, and as it was the oldest name, it became the correct name for the species. Despite Hill's recognition of three subspecies, the actual pattern of variation has proved too complex to fit this taxonomy;it had been suggested that variations in the shape of the narial emargination (Uor V-shaped gap) justified the subspecies, but in 1983 K. F. Koopman regarded this feature as unreliable. In 2017, V. C. Lim and colleagues performed NJ analyses of the barcoding gene, and suggested cryptic species among Peninsular Malaysian and/or Bornean specimens. In a morphological study in 2017, U. Saikia and colleagues reidentified specimens supposedly of P. brachypterus from Nepal and Sikkim as Hypsugo joffrei ; morphological data suggest that Philetor has a close evolutionary relationship with Tylonycteris and H. joffrei . The internal taxonomy ofthis species is in need of revision. Monotypic. Distribution. Philippines (S Luzon, Catanduanes , Panay, Samar, Leyte , Negros, and Mindanao Is), Peninsular Malaysia , CW Sumatra, N & NW Borneo, Sulawesi, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago ( New Ireland and New Britain Is). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka I does not appear to be authentic. Previous records from India ( Sikkim ) and C & E Nepal are misidentifications, now attributable to Joftre’s Pipistrelle ( Hypsugo joffrer). Descriptive notes. Head-body 52-64 mm, tail 30-38 mm, ear 13-16 mm, hindfoot 8-10 mm, forearm 30-38 mm; weight 8-13 g. Males are larger than females in almost all dimensions. Fur is short and dense, the upperparts reddish to dark brown, with pale gray-brown bases and dark tips; underparts are paler, red brown to gray brown. Head is ratherflat, with no noticeable forehead. Sparsely haired muzzle is short and broad, and appears swollen. Nostrils are widely separated. Ears are short, triangular and of moderate size; posterior margin attaches to underside of throat; there is a small antitragal lobe at base of anterior margin; inner surface of ear sparsely haired; tragusis short, blunt, and fleshy. Eyes are minute, with no facial hairs. Wings are narrow, with fifth digit shortened, its tip reaching only to halfway along first phalanx of fourth finger; these are attached to the lower end of the tibiae. Males and females have unusually elaborate genitalia: elongated penis of male lacks a prepuce, and has a cushion-like, bristly pad at end of main shaft, followed by a narrow shaft supporting a broadened triangular structure; vulva of female is very small and is longitudinally oriented, rather than horizontally as in other bats, and there are five separate pads around the vulva; particularly striking is the deep dark brown color of part of the penis tip in Philetor , a feature not described before. Skull is short and somewhat spherical in appearance, with conspicuous peg-like projections over anterior edge of orbit. Skull slopes evenly in profile; rostrum is short, deep and broad. The indistinct supraorbital ridges terminate in very well-developed supraorbital processes; basioccipital pits are deep; braincase bulbous; sagittal crest and lambdoid ridges are slightly developed. Zygomata are extremely weak; interorbital region is broad. Dental formulais12/3,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 32. I? is elongated and narrow basally with two cusps (bicuspidate), I” is smaller and conical, and separated from C'by a narrow diastema; C' has broad anterior face and well-defined secondary cusp posteriorly; P? is absent. There is a known case of an individual from Sulawesi (Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park) possessing a small P?; more material is needed to evaluate this unusual feature. P* is short,its length about half its width; crowded between C' and M'. Lower incisors are tricuspidate and separated from each other; lower molars are nyctalodont. Condylo-basal length 12-9-15 mm; maxillary tooth row 4-6-5 mm. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 26 and FN = 48 (Ulu Gombak, Peninsular Malaysia ). Habitat. Both pristine forest and disturbed areas. In the Philippines , the species occurs in primary and disturbed lowland forests from sea level to 1450 m . In Malaysia , it can be found in peat-swamp forest. Elsewhere in the region it has been recorded in degraded forest adjacent to good lowland and montane forest. On Mindanao (Mount Kitanglad) netted in disturbed lowland forest at 800 m , and in residual montane forest at 1450 m . In New Guinea found in primary and disturbed tropical moist forests. It can be found in coconut plantations adjacent to forest. It ranges from sea level up to elevations of 2100 m . Food and Feeding. Rohu’s Bat appears to forage in relatively open areas and typically flies at high speed. It forages in the forest understory and subcanopy, and over grassland. Stomachs of three specimens contained insects including Coleoptera and Hymenoptera . Breeding. Pregnant females with a single embryo were found from late May to mid-June in Borneo and March/April in Peninsular Malaysia . On Mindanao (Mount Kitanglad) an adult female netted in April was pregnant with a single near-term embryo. Activity patterns. Rohu’s Bat leaves the day roost at dusk. It roosts in tree hollows and holes 1-5-4-5 m aboveground. Bats sometimes roost in coconut palms in New Guinea , but not in South Asia. In Papua New Guinea , one specimen was taken from a hollow tree that had previously been occupied by a Lesser Tree Mouse ( Chiruromys vates). On New Britain , most bats were found in hollow trees in rainforest. There appear to be no roosting records from caves. Echolocation call from Mount Makiling, Laguna Province, Luzon, had a mean frequency of 30-6 kHz. In New Guinea heard making an insect-like call from a hole in a coconut palm. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Rohu’s Bats forage in relatively open areas and typically fly at high speed, having correspondingly narrow, stubby wings. Up to 55 individuals have been collected from a single tree. On New Britain , bats were found in mixed groups or segregated male and female groups. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List in view of its wide distribution and expected large population. Rohu’s Bat occurs in a number of protected areas, and tolerates a degree of habitat modification. There appear to be no major threats. Surveys and research are needed overits entire range. Bibliography. Amador et al. (2018), Bates & Harrison (1997), Boitani et al. (2006), Bonaccorso (1998), Brass (1964), Chasen (1940), Corbet & Hill (1992), Flannery (1995a, 1995b), Francis (2008a), Francis et al. (2010), Gor fol & Csorba (2018), Gorfol et al. (2019), Heaney, Balete, Alviola et al. (2012), Heaney, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998), Heaney, Balete & Rickart (2016), Heaney, Tabaranza et al. (2006), Heller & Volleth (1989), Hill (1966, 1971b), Hill & Harrison (1987), Hill & Rozendaal (1989), Kock (1981), Koopman (1982b, 1983), Lim, B.L. et al. (1972), Lim, V.C. et al. (2017), Medway (1983), Miller (1907), Payne et al. (1985), Phillipps & Phillipps (2016), Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Bonaccorso et al. (2008), Ruedi, Eger et al. (2017), Saikia et al. (2017), Sediock (2001), Simmons (2005), Tate (1942b), Thomas (1902b), Volleth & Heller (1994a).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Philetor brachypterus	Philetor		brachypterus	Temminck	1840	1	Monogr. Mamm.	0.2326	Rohu's Bat	 rohui Thomas, 1902; verecundus Chasen, 1940.	Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang Dist.	W Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea, New Britain and New Ireland Isls (Bismarck Arch.). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka Isl (Indonesia) does not appear to be authentic, see Corbet and Hill (1992). This species does not occur in India or Nepal (see Saika et al. 2017).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971 d , 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995 a , b ), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Philetor brachypterus	23	Rohu's Bat	Narrow-winged Brown Bat|Narrow-winged Pipistrelle|Short-winged Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	VESPERTILIONINI	Philetor	NA	brachypterus	Temminck	1840	1	Vespertilio_brachypterus	Temminck, C. J. (1840). Monographies de Mammalogie, ou description de quelques genres de mammiféres, dont les espéces ont été observées dens les différens musées de l'Europe. G. Dufour and E. d'Ocagne, Paris, Vol. 2, 215.	https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Lw9jAAAAcAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=monographies+de+mammalogie+temminck+vol.+2&ots=o25ZP2qQxx&sig=jNZE7B2jrj-W7sB7y_Bz5_qjud8#v=onepage&q=monographies%20de%20mammalogie%20temminck%20vol.%202&f=false	RMNH MAM.35155		"le district de Padang," Sumatra, Indonesia.			brachypterus (Temminck, 1840)|rohui O. Thomas, 1902|verecundus (Chasen, 1940)	NA	NA	Malaysia|Indonesia|Philippines|Papua New Guinea	Asia|Oceania	Indomalaya|Australasia/Oceania	LC	0	0	0	Philetor_brachypterus	0	sciname match	Philetor_brachypterus	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	16981	Philetor brachypterus	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Philetor	brachypterus	(Temminck, 1840)	The taxonomy of this species is in need of review (L. Heaney pers. comm. 2006, G. Csorba pers. comm. 2019).	20000000	Philetor brachypterus	Least Concern		2020	2019-05-02 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, it occurs in a number of protected areas, has a tolerance of a degree of habitat modification, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	In the Philippines, the species occurs in primary and disturbed lowland forests (Rickart et al. 1993, Heaney et al. 1998) it has also been found in second growth forest along rivers on Polillo. In Southeast Asia, a specimen has also been collected in a peat swamp forest in Malaysia (Lim Boo Liat, unpublished data), and elsewhere in the region it has been recorded in degraded forest adjacent to good lowland and montane forest. In Melanesia, it seems to be a tree hollow roosting species, which has been recorded from both primary and disturbed tropical moist forests. It can be found in coconut plantations adjacent to forest. Up to 55 animals have been collected from a single tree (Bonaccorso 1998). It forages in the forest understorey and sub-canopy and over grassland (Bonaccorso 1998).	There appear to be no major threats to this species as a whole in Southeast Asia (including New Guinea).	The global population is thought to be stable. In South Asia, the population abundance of this species is not known. Only relatively few specimens have been collected (Sharoukh Mistry pers. comm. January 2002, Molur et al. 2002). In the Philippines it is probably moderately common in primary forest (Heaney et al. 1998). The species can be locally common in New Guinea.	Stable	This widespread species has been recorded from parts of Southeast Asia, and MelanesiaIn Southeast Asia, it has been recorded from Peninsular Malaysia, Padang District in western Sumatra (Indonesia) (Koopman 1983, Suyanto pers. comm. 2006), Borneo (Sarawak and Sabah, Malaysia), the island of Sulawesi (Indonesia) and the Philippnes. In the Philippines it has been recorded from Catanduanes, Leyte, Luzon (Camarines Sur, and Laguna), Mindanao (Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental, and Zamboanga del Sur provinces) and Negros (Kock 1981, Heaney et al.   1998) where it has been found from 475-900 m asl (Rickart et al.   1993, Heaney et al.   1998), although there is a recent record of the species on Mount Isarog at 1,450 m asl. The species has also been reported as scattered records in New Guinea (Indonesia and Papua New Guinea) and the Bismarck Archipelago and Milne Bay (Papua New Guinea). It ranges here from sea level 2,100 m asl. Earlier records of the species from Nepal and Sikkim (Koopman 1983, specimens housed in the Field Museum of Natural History and the Museum of Southwestern Biology) were based on mis-identified specimens of Hypsugo joffrei (Saikia et al.   2017).		Terrestrial	In Southeast Asia, the species has been recorded from a number of protected areas. It is not known if the species is present in any protected areas on New Guinea. Surveys, ecological, population, and taxonomy studies are recommended.	Australasian|Indomalayan		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Philetor		brachypterus	Temminck	1840	1	Monogr. Mamm.	0.232639	Rohu's Bat	 rohui Thomas, 1902; verecundus Chasen, 1940.	Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang Dist.	W Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea, New Britain and New Ireland Isls (Bismarck Arch.). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka Isl (Indonesia) does not appear to be authentic, see Corbet and Hill (1992). This species does not occur in India or Nepal (see Saika et al. 2017).	Not listed.	Least Concern	Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971 d , 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995 a , b ), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.	Philetor brachypterus	1005769	23	Rohu's Bat	Narrow-winged Brown Bat|Narrow-winged Pipistrelle|Short-winged Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	VESPERTILIONINI	Philetor	NA	brachypterus	Temminck	1840	1	Vespertilio_brachypterus	Temminck, C. J. (1840). Monographies de Mammalogie, ou description de quelques genres de mammiféres, dont les espéces ont été observées dens les différens musées de l'Europe. G. Dufour and E. d'Ocagne, Paris, Vol. 2, 215.	https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Lw9jAAAAcAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=monographies+de+mammalogie+temminck+vol.+2&ots=o25ZP2qQxx&sig=jNZE7B2jrj-W7sB7y_Bz5_qjud8#v=onepage&q=monographies%20de%20mammalogie%20temminck%20vol.%202&f=false	RMNH MAM.35155		"le district de Padang," Sumatra, Indonesia.			brachypterus (Temminck, 1840)|rohui O. Thomas, 1902|verecundus (Chasen, 1940)	NA	NA				Malaysia|Indonesia|Philippines|Papua New Guinea	Asia|Oceania	Indomalaya|Australasia/Oceania	LC	0	0	0	Philetor_brachypterus	0	sciname match	Philetor_brachypterus	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Philetor_brachypterus	1005769	23	Rohu's Bat	Narrow-winged Brown Bat|Narrow-winged Pipistrelle|Short-winged Pipistrelle	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Vespertilionini	Philetor	NA	brachypterus	Temminck	1	Vespertilio brachypterus	Temminck, C.J. 1840. Livraison 3. Pp. 141–272 in Temminck, C.J. 1835-1841. Monographies de Mammalogie. Tome second. C. C. van der Hoek, Leiden, 392 pp.	https://archive.org/details/monographiedema00temmgoog/page/140/mode/2up	RMNH.MAM.35155	holotype	https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.35155.a | https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.35155.b	"le district de Padang," Sumatra, Indonesia.			NA	NA				Malaysia|Indonesia|Philippines|Papua New Guinea	Asia|Oceania (Continent)	Indomalaya|Australasia	LC	0	0	0	Philetor_brachypterus	0	sciname match	Philetor_brachypterus	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Philetor		brachypterus	Temminck	1840	1	Monogr. Mamm.	0.232639	Rohu's Bat	rohui Thomas, 1902; verecundus Chasen, 1940.	Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang Dist.	W Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea, New Britain and New Ireland Isls (Bismarck Arch.). A record from Java is erroneous, and a record from Bangka Isl (Indonesia) does not appear to be authentic, see Corbet and Hill (1992). This species does not occur in India or Nepal (see Saika et al. 2017).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/16981/22117501/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	Reviewed by Hill (1966, 1971d, 1983); also see Corbet and Hill (1992), Bates and Harrison (1997), Flannery (1995a, b), and Bonaccorso (1998). Three subspecies are often recognized, but the actual pattern of variation is too complex to fit this taxonomy.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Philetor brachypterus; Philetor brachypterus; Philetor brachypterus; Philetor brachypterus; Philetor brachypterus; Philetor brachypterus; rohui; verecundus; rohui; verecundus; brachypterus; rohui; verecundus; Vespertilion brachyptere; Rohu-Fledermaus; Vespertilionidode alas cortas; Narrow-winged Brown Bat; Narrow-winged Pipistrelle; Short-winged Pipistrelle; Rohu's Bat; Narrow-winged Brown Bat; Narrow-winged Pipistrelle; Short-winged Pipistrelle; Rohu's Bat; Rohu's Bat; P. brachypterus