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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1132	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx kappleri		[MSW2] Subgenus Peropteryx.; [MSW3] Subgenus Peropteryx.; [HMW] Peropteryx kappleri Peters, 1867 , “ Surinam [= Suriname ].” Peropteryx kappleri is in the subgenus Peropteryx . Two subspecies recognized.; [batnames2022] None.; [IUCN] This species may be confused with others therefore current collections may require reevaluation (Y. Munoz pers. comm.).; [batnames2023] None.; [batnames2025_1.7] None.						intermedia.	intermedia, kappleri	kappleri, intermedia		kappleri, intermedia		kappleri, intermedia		kappleri, intermedius	This species may be confused with others therefore current collections may require reevaluation (Y. Munoz pers. comm.).	kappleri, intermedia		kappleri, intermedius	kappleri, intermedia	intermedia, kappleri 		kappleri W. C. H. Peters, 1867|intermedia Sanborn, 1951		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Greater sac-winged bat	S Mexico – E Peru, Surinam	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Peropteryx kappleri	Surinam.	Peters	1867	Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 473.	Distribution: From tropical Mexico through Central America to South America (west of the Andes south to Ecuador) east to the mouth of the Amazon. Also known from southeastern Peru and southeastern Brazil.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Greater sac-winged bat (Greater dog-like bat)	S Mexico – E Peru, Surinam, S, E Brazil	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Peters	1867	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1867:473.	Subgenus Peropteryx.	S Veracruz (Mexico) to E Brazil, and Peru.	Surinam.		PETERS	1867	Size relatively large (forearm length, 45-54 mm; total length of skull, 16-18 mm). Wing entirely black.	Distribution: From tropical Mexico through Central America to South America (west of the Andes south to Ecuador) east to the mouth of the Amazon. Also known from southeastern Peru and southeastern Brazil.	Two subspecies are currently recognized:	P. k. intermedia (southeastern Peru), P. k. kappleri (remain ing distribution).	47	species	P. kappleri	PETERS	1867	Peropteryx	subgenus	Peropteryx kappleri				Size relatively large (forearm length, 45-54 mm; total length of skull, 16-18 mm). Wing entirely black.	Two subspecies are currently recognized:		2. P. kappleri PETERS 1867.	2	_P. k. intermedia_ Sanborn, 1951; _P. k. kappleri_ Peters, 1867			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Emballonuridae	Emballonurinae		Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx	Peropteryx	kappleri	Peters		1867		Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1867		473		Greater Dog-like Bat	Surinam.	S Veracruz (Mexico) to the Guianas, E Brazil, Peru, and N Bolivia.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	intermedia Sanborn, 1951.	Subgenus Peropteryx.	03D587F2FFDB4C10FF0637AEFC20F450	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Emballorunidae.pdf.imd	hash://md5/ffecff8affcf4c04ffa53577fff8ffe9	369	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/D5/87/03D587F2FFDB4C10FF0637AEFC20F450.xml	Peropteryx kappleri	Emballonuridae	Peropteryx	kappleri	Peters	1867	Greater Dog-like Bat @en | Grand Péroptère @fr | Grosse Hundskopffledermaus @de | Peróptero mayor @es	Peropteryx kappleri Peters, 1867 , “ Surinam [= Suriname ].” Peropteryx kappleri is in the subgenus Peropteryx . Two subspecies recognized.	P. k. kappleri Peters, 1867 — from S Mexico (S Veracruz State) throughout Central America to Colombia and W Ecuador and E to the Adantic Forest of E Brazil. P. k. intermedia Sanborn , 1951 - Peru and N Bolivia.	Head-body 63-75 mm, tail 11-20 mm, ear 13-20 mm, hindfoot 9-13 mm, forearm 45-53-6 mm; weight 7-13 g . Female Greater Dog-like Bats are slighdy larger than males. Long dorsal fur (8-10 mm hair length) ranges from dark brown to reddish brown; venter is slighdy paler. Muzzle is largely hairless. Exposed skin on face, ears, arms, and wings is dark brown to black. Ears are long (13-16 mm) and triangular and rise above crown. Tragus is lanceolated. Eyes are large and conspicuous, with brown irises. Wing sacs are present near anterior edge of propatagium.	Deciduous and evergreen forests, woodland savanna, and open fields from sea level to elevations of c.850 m.	The Greater Dog-like Bat feeds on aerial insects but also gleans insects from leaf substrates. It forages high in open spaces above and within closed forest canopies and subcanopies, within woodland savannas, and over open fields. Foraging activity is often associated with streams and rivers.	Female Greater Dog-like Bats have one young each year. Parturition occurs in June-July.	The Greater Dog-like Bat is crepuscular and roosts in cave entrances and boulder crevices of shaded rocky areas and karst cliffs, under palm fronds and bridges, within living and dead tree hollows, undersides of fallen and elevated logs, between plank buttresses, and occasionally in buildings. Echolocation search pulses have maximum energies of 20-40 kHz.	Roosting colonies have 1-7 individuals. Mating system is based on monogamous pairs, and a male defends his female against intruding males. Greater Dog-like Bats often roost in contact, stacked dorsum to ventrum, with up to four individuals that probably represent a family group.	Classified as Least Concern on TheIUCNRedList. Conservation of caves and karst regions and retention of forests should be priorities for the Greater Dog-like Bat. In Mexico, it is a listed species with special legal protection.	Bradbury & Vehrencamp (1976a, 1976b, 1977a, 1977 b) | Eisenberg (1989) | Handley (1976) | LaVal & Rodriguez-Herrera (2002) | Sanborn (1951) | Villa (1967)	https://zenodo.org/record/3747983/files/figure.png	43 . Greater Dog-like Bat Peropteryx kappleri French: Grand Péroptère / German: Grosse Hundskopffledermaus / Spanish: Peróptero mayor Taxonomy . Peropteryx kappleri Peters, 1867 , “ Surinam [= Suriname ].” Peropteryx kappleri is in the subgenus Peropteryx . Two subspecies recognized. Subspecies and Distribution. P. k. kappleri Peters, 1867 — from S Mexico (S Veracruz State) throughout Central America to Colombia and W Ecuador and E to the Adantic Forest of E Brazil. P. k. intermedia Sanborn , 1951 - Peru and N Bolivia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 63-75 mm, tail 11-20 mm, ear 13-20 mm, hindfoot 9-13 mm, forearm 45-53-6 mm; weight 7-13 g . Female Greater Dog-like Bats are slighdy larger than males. Long dorsal fur (8-10 mm hair length) ranges from dark brown to reddish brown; venter is slighdy paler. Muzzle is largely hairless. Exposed skin on face, ears, arms, and wings is dark brown to black. Ears are long (13-16 mm) and triangular and rise above crown. Tragus is lanceolated. Eyes are large and conspicuous, with brown irises. Wing sacs are present near anterior edge of propatagium. Habitat . Deciduous and evergreen forests, woodland savanna, and open fields from sea level to elevations of c.850 m. Food and Feeding . The Greater Dog-like Bat feeds on aerial insects but also gleans insects from leaf substrates. It forages high in open spaces above and within closed forest canopies and subcanopies, within woodland savannas, and over open fields. Foraging activity is often associated with streams and rivers. Breeding . Female Greater Dog-like Bats have one young each year. Parturition occurs in June-July. Activity patterns. The Greater Dog-like Bat is crepuscular and roosts in cave entrances and boulder crevices of shaded rocky areas and karst cliffs, under palm fronds and bridges, within living and dead tree hollows, undersides of fallen and elevated logs, between plank buttresses, and occasionally in buildings. Echolocation search pulses have maximum energies of 20-40 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Roosting colonies have 1-7 individuals. Mating system is based on monogamous pairs, and a male defends his female against intruding males. Greater Dog-like Bats often roost in contact, stacked dorsum to ventrum, with up to four individuals that probably represent a family group. Status and Conservation . Classified as Least Concern on TheIUCNRedList. Conservation of caves and karst regions and retention of forests should be priorities for the Greater Dog-like Bat. In Mexico, it is a listed species with special legal protection. Bibliography. Bradbury & Vehrencamp (1976a, 1976b, 1977a, 1977 b ), Eisenberg (1989), Handley (1976), LaVal & Rodriguez-Herrera (2002), Sanborn (1951), Villa (1967).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Emballonuridae	Peropteryx kappleri	Peropteryx		kappleri	Peters	1867	0	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1874:53:00	Greater Dog-like Bat	<b> intermedia </b>Sanborn, 1951.	Surinam.	S Veracruz (Mexico) to the Guianas, E Brazil, Peru, and N Bolivia.	Not listed.	Least Concern	None.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Peropteryx kappleri	23	Greater Dog-like Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	EMBALLONUROIDEA	EMBALLONURIDAE	EMBALLONURINAE	DICLIDURINI	Peropteryx	Peropteryx	kappleri	W. Peters	1867	0	Peropteryx_kappleri	Peters, W. (1867). Ãœber die zu den gattungen Mimon und Saccopteryx gehörigen fledertiere. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1867, 473.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/112419#page/491/mode/1up	ZMB 3348		"Surinam [= Suriname]."			kappleri W. Peters, 1867|intermedius Sanborn, 1951	NA	NA	Mexico|Belize|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Ecuador|Peru|Brazil|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Peropteryx_kappleri	0	sciname match	Peropteryx_kappleri	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	16707	Peropteryx kappleri	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	EMBALLONURIDAE	Peropteryx	kappleri	Peters, 1867	This species may be confused with others therefore current collections may require reevaluation (Y. Munoz pers. comm.).	20000000	Peropteryx kappleri	Least Concern		2018	2016-07-09 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species is listed as Least Concern because, although it is widely distributed and unlikely to be declining at a rate which would qualify for including the species in one of the threat categories in the near future.	It tolerates dry situations and although it prefers evergreen forest, the species does forage considerably in open fields. Roosting colonies are small, ranging from one to seven, and roosts are in caves and boulder crevices. These bats roost in a variety of habitats in lowland forests including tree trunks, tree hollows, palm fronds, shallow caves, and buildings (Emmons and Feer 1997, Reid 2009). The mating system is based on a monogamous pair, and the male defends his female against intruding males (Bradbury and Vehrencamp 1977). This species shows certain degree of roost fidelity (Hood and Gardner 2008). ;It usually forages high in open space above the canopy level. Associated with water (streams and rivers). Occurs in open fields outside forests. Associated with tree savannas. Roost in cave entrances in shady rocky areas (L. Davalos and J. Molinari, pers. comm.).	There are no known threats at present. ;It may face some threats because of its association with caves but this species is not restricted to them. Need additional field studies to obtain more details on populations (B.K. Lim, pers. comm.).	Widespread but may be restricted by roosting sites; generally common (Emmons and Feer 1997). However, due to its high flight and feeding strategies, it is difficult to estimate population size using current survey methodologies. There are more than 200 records from Colombia (J. Molinari, pers comm.). Population much less abundant than P. macrotis (J. Molinari, pers comm.). The species is easily confused with P. macrotis (L. Aguirre, pers. comm.).	Unknown	This species ranges from southern Veracruz, Mexico across Amazonian South America (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana) to the Atlantic Forests of Brazil (Simmons 2005). It may range to moderate elevations of 850 m in Venezuela (Handley 1976) or over 1,500 m in Peru and Colombia (Hood and Gardner 2008, Solari et al . 2013). Absent from large areas of Amazonian Brazil, although this area has not been well sampled (J. Molinari, pers. comm).		Terrestrial	Conservation of caves and karstic regions, and retention of dense forests and clean sources of water. In Mexico is listed as subject to special protection under NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2001 (J. Arroyo-Cabrales, pers. comm.).	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Emballonuridae	Peropteryx		kappleri	Peters	1867	0	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1874:53:00	Greater Dog-like Bat	<b> intermedia </b>Sanborn, 1951.	Surinam.	S Veracruz (Mexico) to the Guianas, E Brazil, Peru, and N Bolivia.	Not listed.	Least Concern	None.	Peropteryx kappleri	1004787	23	Greater Dog-like Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	EMBALLONUROIDEA	Emballonuridae	EMBALLONURINAE	DICLIDURINI	Peropteryx	Peropteryx	kappleri	W. Peters	1867	0	Peropteryx_kappleri	Peters, W. (1867). Ãœber die zu den gattungen Mimon und Saccopteryx gehörigen fledertiere. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1867, 473.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/112419#page/491/mode/1up	ZMB 3348		"Surinam [= Suriname]."			kappleri W. Peters, 1867|intermedius Sanborn, 1951	NA	NA				Mexico|Belize|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Ecuador|Peru|Brazil|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Peropteryx_kappleri	0	sciname match	Peropteryx_kappleri	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Peropteryx_kappleri	1004787	23	Greater Dog-like Bat		Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Emballonuroidea	Emballonuridae	Emballonurinae	Diclidurini	Peropteryx	NA	kappleri	W. C. H. Peters	0	Peropteryx Kappleri	Peters, W.C.H. 1867. Ãœber die zu den Gattungen _Mimon_ und _Saccopteryx_ gehörigen Flederthiere. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1867:469-481.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36510744	ZMB 3348	holotype		"Surinam [= Suriname]."			NA	NA				Mexico|Belize|Guatemala|El Salvador|Honduras|Nicaragua|Costa Rica|Panama|Colombia|Venezuela|Guyana|Suriname|French Guiana|Ecuador|Peru|Brazil|Bolivia	North America|South America	Neotropic	LC	0	0	0	Peropteryx_kappleri	0	sciname match	Peropteryx_kappleri	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Emballonuridae	Peropteryx		kappleri	Peters	1867	0	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1874:53:00	Greater Dog-like Bat	intermedia Sanborn, 1951.	Surinam.	S Veracruz (Mexico) to the Guianas, E Brazil, Peru, and N Bolivia.	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/16707/22100544/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	None.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Peropteryx kappleri; Peropteryx kappleri; Peropteryx kappleri; Peropteryx kappleri; Peropteryx kappleri; Peropteryx kappleri; kappleri; intermedia; kappleri; intermedia; intermedia; kappleri; intermedius; Greater Dog-like Bat; Grand Péroptère; Grosse Hundskopffledermaus; Peróptero mayor; Greater Dog-like Bat; Greater Dog-like Bat; Greater Dog-like Bat; P. kappleri