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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1111	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	N/A	Otonycteris hemprichi [synonym of]	Otonycteris hemprichi leucophaeus	Otonycteris hemprichii [synonym of]	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris leucophaea		[HMW] Plecotus leucophaeus Severtzov, 1873 , western Tajikistan near Djan-Bulak, between Tashkent and Hodjent (= western promontory of the Kuraminskiy Range) . Previously included in O. hemprichii (which see). Monotypic.; [batnames2022] brevimanus may not actually be a legit name- it seems that Severcov thought his new name (leucophaea) might be a synymy of Plecotus auritus var. brevimana Bonaparte, 1837. If so, I'm not sure the name brevimanus has legit standing. Distinct from hemprichii; see Benda and Gvoždík (2010). Although not explicitly mentioned by these authors, it appears that brevimanus Severtzov, 1873 is a junior synonym of leucophaea .; [MDD2022] split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement; [IUCN] This species has been split from Otonycteris hemprichii by Benda and Gvoždík (2010).; [batnames2023] brevimanus may not actually be a legit name- it seems that Severcov thought his new name (leucophaea) might be a synymy of Plecotus auritus var. brevimana Bonaparte, 1837. If so, I'm not sure the name brevimanus has legit standing. Distinct from hemprichii; see Benda and Gvoždík (2010). Although not explicitly mentioned by these authors, it appears that brevimanus Severtzov, 1873 is a junior synonym of leucophaea .; [MDD2023] split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement; [MDD2025_2.0] split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement; [batnames2025_1.7] brevimanus may not actually be a legit name- it seems that Severcov thought his new name (leucophaea) might be a synymy of Plecotus auritus var. brevimana Bonaparte, 1837. If so, I'm not sure the name brevimanus has legit standing. Distinct from hemprichii; see Benda and Gvoždík (2010). Although not explicitly mentioned by these authors, it appears that brevimanus Severtzov, 1873 is a junior synonym of leucophaea.; [MDD2025_2.2] split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement												leucophaea 	leucophaea - brevimanus	leucophaea, brevimanus	This species has been split from Otonycteris hemprichii by Benda and Gvoždík (2010).	leucophaea 	leucophaea - brevimanus	leucophaea, brevimanus	brevimana, leucophaea	leucophaea 	leucophaea - brevimanus	brevimana (Severtzov, 1873) [preoccupied]|leucophaea (Severtzov, 1873)						N/A																																								NA																											4C3D87E8FF8A6A35FF7E95A01FABB71B	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	871	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FF8A6A35FF7E95A01FABB71B.xml	Otonycteris leucophaea	Vespertilionidae	Otonycteris	leucophaea		1873	Oreillard de Severtsov @fr | Turkestan-Wistengrof3ohr @de | Orejudo de Severtsov @es | Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat @en | Turkestan Long-eared Bat @en	Plecotus leucophaeus Severtzov, 1873 , western Tajikistan near Djan-Bulak, between Tashkent and Hodjent (= western promontory of the Kuraminskiy Range) . Previously included in O. hemprichii (which see). Monotypic.	SW Kazakhstan , Turkmenistan , NE Iran , SE Uzbekistan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , N Afghanistan , N Pakistan , and NW India .	Head—body 73-78 mm , tail 46- 2-65 mm , ear 38-5-39- 8 mm , hindfoot 11-9-12- 4 mm , forearm 56-8-64- 1 mm . See the Desert Long-eared Bat ( O. hemprichii ) for differences between the two. Pelage loose and soft, less dense on venter; dorsally grayish brown, ventrally whitish. Face nearly naked and pinkish. Ears yellowish brown, very long and well separated, with smoothly convex inner and outer margins and rounded tip; antitragus very small; tragus long and tapers to blunt tip. Eyes comparatively large for the family. Wings very broad, and membranes thick and leathery, semi-translucent, pale yellowish brown near body, becoming pale grayish brown near middle and whitish near wingtips and edges. Tail moderately long and more or less fully enclosed by uropatagium, which attaches at ankle; calcar reaches less than halfway between ankle and tail tip on uropatagium. Penis as in the Desert Long-eared Bat. Baculum is crescent-shaped, dorso-laterally flattened, and relatively thick. Skull robust, rostrum broad and high; braincase elongated and of medium width; interorbital constriction narrow. Canines large and round in transverse section; P* large and canine-like; M? extremely reduced; lower incisors small, compressed, partly overlapping, and bicuspid; I, has small cusp on lingual side; P, small but within tooth row, separating P, and C; lower molars are myotodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FNa = 48 ( Turkmenistan ).	Dry steppe to desert habitats in submontane and lowland areas up to 2400 m .	Feeds on Solifugae, Scorpiones, Araneae , Coleoptera , Blattodea , and Orthoptera . Fecal samples in Iran were dominated by large Coleoptera ( Scarabaeidae , Carabidae ) and also included medium to large Orthoptera (crickets), Solifugae, Araneae , and some Hymenoptera ( Formicidae ). The species is primarily a groundgleaner.	In Turkmenistan , a pregnant female with two embryos was found in June and a volant juvenile in July. Litter size is probably two.	Nocturnal. Flies slowly, staying within 40-100 cm of ground. It is well adapted to desert habitats, being heterothermic; hibernates during part of the year. Call shape is steep FM sweep with two obvious harmonics; in Kyrgyzstan , lower harmonic had start frequency of c.40 kHz and end frequency of 18 kHz, with maximum energy at c.30-32 kHz.	Females probably roost in small groups in rock crevices; males probably roost alone in similarsites.	Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Relatively common throughout much of its distribution, although limited data available. Probably most threatened by roost disturbance and use of pesticides against insects.	Arlettaz et al. (1995) | Ashrafi et al. (2016) | Benda (2017c) | Benda & Gaisler (2015) | Benda & Gvozdik (2010) | Benda, Faizolahi et al. (2012) | Benda, Hank & Cerveny (2011) | Horagek (1991) | Zima, Volleth, Horéaéek, Cerveny & Macholan (1992)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398326/files/figure.png	244. Turkestani Long-eared Bat Otonycteris leucophaea French: Oreillard de Severtsov / German: Turkestan-Wistengrof3ohr / Spanish: Orejudo de Severtsov Other common names: Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat , Turkestan Long-eared Bat Taxonomy. Plecotus leucophaeus Severtzov, 1873 , western Tajikistan near Djan-Bulak, between Tashkent and Hodjent (= western promontory of the Kuraminskiy Range) . Previously included in O. hemprichii (which see). Monotypic. Distribution. SW Kazakhstan , Turkmenistan , NE Iran , SE Uzbekistan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , N Afghanistan , N Pakistan , and NW India . Descriptive notes. Head—body 73-78 mm , tail 46- 2-65 mm , ear 38-5-39- 8 mm , hindfoot 11-9-12- 4 mm , forearm 56-8-64- 1 mm . See the Desert Long-eared Bat ( O. hemprichii ) for differences between the two. Pelage loose and soft, less dense on venter; dorsally grayish brown, ventrally whitish. Face nearly naked and pinkish. Ears yellowish brown, very long and well separated, with smoothly convex inner and outer margins and rounded tip; antitragus very small; tragus long and tapers to blunt tip. Eyes comparatively large for the family. Wings very broad, and membranes thick and leathery, semi-translucent, pale yellowish brown near body, becoming pale grayish brown near middle and whitish near wingtips and edges. Tail moderately long and more or less fully enclosed by uropatagium, which attaches at ankle; calcar reaches less than halfway between ankle and tail tip on uropatagium. Penis as in the Desert Long-eared Bat. Baculum is crescent-shaped, dorso-laterally flattened, and relatively thick. Skull robust, rostrum broad and high; braincase elongated and of medium width; interorbital constriction narrow. Canines large and round in transverse section; P* large and canine-like; M? extremely reduced; lower incisors small, compressed, partly overlapping, and bicuspid; I, has small cusp on lingual side; P, small but within tooth row, separating P, and C; lower molars are myotodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FNa = 48 ( Turkmenistan ). Habitat. Dry steppe to desert habitats in submontane and lowland areas up to 2400 m . Food and Feeding. Feeds on Solifugae, Scorpiones, Araneae , Coleoptera , Blattodea , and Orthoptera . Fecal samples in Iran were dominated by large Coleoptera ( Scarabaeidae , Carabidae ) and also included medium to large Orthoptera (crickets), Solifugae, Araneae , and some Hymenoptera ( Formicidae ). The species is primarily a groundgleaner. Breeding. In Turkmenistan , a pregnant female with two embryos was found in June and a volant juvenile in July. Litter size is probably two. Activity patterns. Nocturnal. Flies slowly, staying within 40-100 cm of ground. It is well adapted to desert habitats, being heterothermic; hibernates during part of the year. Call shape is steep FM sweep with two obvious harmonics; in Kyrgyzstan , lower harmonic had start frequency of c.40 kHz and end frequency of 18 kHz, with maximum energy at c.30-32 kHz. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Females probably roost in small groups in rock crevices; males probably roost alone in similarsites. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Relatively common throughout much of its distribution, although limited data available. Probably most threatened by roost disturbance and use of pesticides against insects. Bibliography. Arlettaz et al. (1995), Ashrafi et al. (2016), Benda (2017c), Benda & Gaisler (2015), Benda & Gvozdik (2010), Benda, Faizolahi et al. (2012), Benda, Hank & Cerveny (2011), Horagek (1991), Zima, Volleth, Horéaéek, Cerveny & Macholan (1992).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Otonycteris leucophaea	Otonycteris		leucophaea	Severcov	1873	0	Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obshestva Lyubiteley Yestestvoznaniya, Antropologii i Etnografii (Moskva)	8(2): 18	Ashen Desert Bat	 brevimanus Severcov, 1873 [not Jenyns, 1829].	Central Asia	Karakum Desert of Turkmenistan NE Iran Kirghizstan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (perhaps Tahikistan, Kashmir, and NW India).	Not listed.	Data Deficient	brevimanus may not actually be a legit name- it seems that Severcov thought his new name (leucophaea) might be a synymy of Plecotus auritus var. brevimana Bonaparte, 1837. If so, I'm not sure the name brevimanus has legit standing. Distinct from hemprichii; see Benda and Gvoždík (2010). Although not explicitly mentioned by these authors, it appears that brevimanus Severtzov, 1873 is a junior synonym of leucophaea .	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Otonycteris leucophaea	23	Turkestani Long-eared Bat	Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat|Turkestan Long-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	PLECOTINI	Otonycteris	NA	leucophaea	Severtzov	1873	1	Plecotus_leucophaeus			ZMMU S-1156		western Tajikistan near Djan-Bulak, between Tashkent and Hodjent (= western promontory of the Kuraminskiy Range).			leucophaea (Severtzov, 1873)|brevimanus (Severtzov, 1873) [preoccupied]	split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement	Benda, P., & Gvoždík, V. (2010). Taxonomy of the genus Otonycteris (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Plecotini) as inferred from morphological and mtDNA data. Acta Chiropterologica, 12(1), 83-102.	Kazakhstan|Turkmenistan|Iran|Uzbekistan|Kyrgyzstan|Tajikistan|Afghanistan|Pakistan|India	Asia	Palearctic	DD	0	0	0	Otonycteris_leucophaea	0	unmatched	NA	1	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	90000000	Otonycteris leucophaea	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Otonycteris	leucophaea	(Severcov, 1873)	This species has been split from Otonycteris hemprichii by Benda and Gvoždík (2010).	90000000	Otonycteris leucophaea	Data Deficient		2017	2016-06-24 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This bat has been rarely found by classical means of bat research, but perhaps it is more common. In absence of more detailed data about its demography and ecology, it is listed as Data Deficient (DD)	This species is associated with dry steppe to desert <a name="_GoBack"></a>zone of sub-montane and lowland areas of Central Asia. Ground gleaning bat, that feeds mostly on Solpugida, Scorpionida, Araneida, Coleoptera, Blattodea, and Orthoptera.	Main threats to this species are human disturbance in roost sites and pesticide use against insects.	This species has been found in 20 sites, but no other informations are available regarding its population dimensions and trend.	Unknown	This species is endemic to the deserts of Central Asia, where it has been recorded from numerous localities between 300 and ca . 1,500 m asl.		Terrestrial	No specific measures are known or are in place.	Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Otonycteris		leucophaea	Severcov	1873	0	Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obshestva Lyubiteley Yestestvoznaniya, Antropologii i Etnografii (Moskva)	8(2): 18	Ashen Desert Bat	 brevimanus Severcov, 1873 [not Jenyns, 1829].	Central Asia	Karakum Desert of Turkmenistan NE Iran Kirghizstan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (perhaps Tahikistan, Kashmir, and NW India).	Not listed.	Data Deficient	brevimanus may not actually be a legit name- it seems that Severcov thought his new name (leucophaea) might be a synymy of Plecotus auritus var. brevimana Bonaparte, 1837. If so, I'm not sure the name brevimanus has legit standing. Distinct from hemprichii; see Benda and Gvoždík (2010). Although not explicitly mentioned by these authors, it appears that brevimanus Severtzov, 1873 is a junior synonym of leucophaea .	Otonycteris leucophaea	1005661	23	Turkestani Long-eared Bat	Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat|Turkestan Long-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	PLECOTINI	Otonycteris	NA	leucophaea	Severtzov	1873	1	Plecotus_leucophaeus			ZMMU S-1156		western Tajikistan near Djan-Bulak, between Tashkent and Hodjent (= western promontory of the Kuraminskiy Range).			leucophaea (Severtzov, 1873)|brevimanus (Severtzov, 1873) [preoccupied]	split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement	Benda, P., & Gvoždík, V. (2010). Taxonomy of the genus Otonycteris (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Plecotini) as inferred from morphological and mtDNA data. Acta Chiropterologica, 12(1), 83-102.				Kazakhstan|Turkmenistan|Iran|Uzbekistan|Kyrgyzstan|Tajikistan|Afghanistan|Pakistan|India	Asia	Palearctic	DD	0	0	0	Otonycteris_leucophaea	0	unmatched	NA	1	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Otonycteris_leucophaea	1005661	23	Turkestani Long-eared Bat	Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat|Turkestan Long-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Plecotini	Otonycteris	NA	leucophaea	Severtzov	1	Plecotus leucophaeus	Severtzov, N.A. 1873. Вертикальное и горизонтальное распределение туркестанских животных. Известия Императорского Общества Любителей Естествознания 8(2):1-157.	https://www.academia.edu/124781039/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9D_%D0%90_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%9C_1873	ZMMU S-1156	holotype	https://zmmu.msu.ru/dbs/list_record.php?id=S-1156	western Tajikistan near Djan-Bulak, between Tashkent and Hodjent (= western promontory of the Kuraminskiy Range).			split from O. hemprichii; often spelt 'leucophaeus', but the spelling has been changed to 'leucophaea' for gender agreement	Benda, P., & Gvoždík, V. (2010). Taxonomy of the genus Otonycteris (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Plecotini) as inferred from morphological and mtDNA data. Acta Chiropterologica, 12(1), 83-102.				Kazakhstan|Turkmenistan|Iran|Uzbekistan|Kyrgyzstan|Tajikistan|Afghanistan|Pakistan|India	Asia	Palearctic	DD	0	0	0	Otonycteris_leucophaea	0	unmatched	NA	1	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Otonycteris		leucophaea	Severcov	1873	0	Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obshestva Lyubiteley Yestestvoznaniya, Antropologii i Etnografii (Moskva)	8(2): 18	Ashen Desert Bat	brevimanus Severcov, 1873 [not Jenyns, 1829].	Central Asia	Karakum Desert of Turkmenistan NE Iran Kirghizstan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (perhaps Tahikistan, Kashmir, and NW India).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/85295233/85295274/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	brevimanus may not actually be a legit name- it seems that Severcov thought his new name (leucophaea) might be a synymy of Plecotus auritus var. brevimana Bonaparte, 1837. If so, I'm not sure the name brevimanus has legit standing. Distinct from hemprichii; see Benda and Gvoždík (2010). Although not explicitly mentioned by these authors, it appears that brevimanus Severtzov, 1873 is a junior synonym of leucophaea.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Otonycteris leucophaea; Otonycteris leucophaea; Otonycteris leucophaea; Otonycteris leucophaea; Otonycteris leucophaea; brevimanus; leucophaea; brevimanus; Oreillard de Severtsov; Turkestan-Wistengrof3ohr; Orejudo de Severtsov; Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat; Turkestan Long-eared Bat; Turkestani Long-eared Bat; Eastern Desert Long-eared Bat; Turkestan Long-eared Bat; Ashen Desert Bat; O. leucophaea