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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L109	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma cor		[HMW] Megaderma cor Peters, 1872 , “Abyssinien [= Ethiopia ].” This species is monotypic.; [batnames2022] See Csada (1996), Happold (2013), Kaňuch et al. (2015), and ACR (2018). Â; [batnames2023] See Csada (1996), Happold (2013), Kaňuch et al. (2015), and ACR (2018). Â; [batnames2025_1.7] See Csada (1996), Happold (2013), Kaňuch et al. (2015), and ACR (2018). Â														cor				cor	cor			cor (W. C. H. Peters, 1872)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Heart-nosed bat	Ethiopia – N Tanzania, Zanzibar	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Cardioderma cor	Ethiopia.	Peters	1872	Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 194.	Distribution: Same as for genus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Heart-nosed bat	Ethiopia – N Tanzania, Zanzibar	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Peters	1872	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872:194.		Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, E Sudan, Tanzania, Zanzibar.	Ethiopia.		PETERS	1872	Size relatively small (forearm length, 51-57 mm).	Distribution: Same as for genus.	No subspecies.		51	species	C. cor	PETERS	1872	Cardioderma	genus	Cardioderma cor				Size relatively small (forearm length, 51-57 mm).	No subspecies.		1. C.cor (PETERS 1872).	1	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Megadermatidae			Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma		cor	Peters	y	1872		Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1872		194		Heart-nosed Bat	Ethiopia.	Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, E Sudan, Tanzania, Zanzibar.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).			C13F1641FF8EFFE1FFACF513F9B2618E	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Megadermatidae_182.pdf.imf	hash://md5/3d066e39ff8dffe2ffd7ff8aff916a04	191	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/C1/3F/16/C13F1641FF8EFFE1FFACF513F9B2618E.xml	Cardioderma cor	Megadermatidae	Cardioderma	cor		1872	Mégaderme nez-en-cceur @fr | Herznasenfledermaus @de | Megaderma cor @es | African False Vampire Bat @en | African Heart-nosed Bat @en | Heart-nosed Bat @en | Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat @en	Megaderma cor Peters, 1872 , “Abyssinien [= Ethiopia ].” This species is monotypic.	E Africa, from E Sudan and Eritrea S through Ethiopia , Djibouti , Somalia , SE South Sudan , NE Uganda , and Kenya to C Tanzania ; also on Unguja I ( Zanzibar Archipelago).	Head-body 70-77 mm (tailless), ear 35-40 mm, hindfoot 14— 19 mm , forearm 53-59 mm; weight 21-35 g. The Heart-nosed False-vampire has relatively short erect noseleaf, with posterior lobe widest in middle, rounded on top, and c.1-5 times taller than wide. Noseleaf is narrowest in middle, where posterior lobe connects with anterior noseleaf. Anterior noseleat is smoothly rounded in front, with no notches or folds. Posterior noseleaf has thickened ridge down middle that connects to an enlarged area between nostrils, shaped like a heart or arrowhead. Ears are very large and joined over top of head for ¢.20-30% of their length. Tragusis forked, with short rounded inner lobe and elongated pointed outer lobe less than one-half the ear length. Eyes are very large. Wings are broad, and uropatagium is well developed, with no visible bony tail. Fur is light gray to brownish gray; flight membranes, noseleaf, and ears are pinkish brown. Baculum has flattened shaft with expanded head and base. Rostrum of skull has greatly enlarged frontal shield with deep, broad, and rounded median depression, and well-developed but narrow preorbital and postorbital processes. C' lacks anterolingual cusp; P* is lacking; M' has welldeveloped mesostyle on labial side. Coronoid process of mandible is well developed, substantially taller than C,. Dental formulais10/2,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 26.	Dry forests and savanna, including acacia scrub, coastal moist forests, riverine forests, especially during dry season, from lowlands up to ¢. 1000 m . In Ethiopia also reported from open grassland and thorn scrub with volcanic rubble and lava blister caves.	The Heart-nosed False-vampire feeds by hanging from branches and scanning for prey. It is believed to rely mainly on passive listening for prey-generated sounds, such as footsteps or rustling of vegetation. It uses echolocation to navigate when it flies out to capture prey. It feeds mainly on large arthropods (typically more than 25 mm ) such as beetles, orthopterans, cockroaches, scorpions, and centipedes. During dry season when ground is relatively bare, it perches on branches 1-2 m aboveground, twisting its body 180° in each direction to scan a circular area under the perch for prey. It switches perches regularly if no prey is found. During wet season when vegetation is thicker, it relies more on flying prey, catching species such as moths or flying beetles in the air. It sometimes captures small vertebrates such as frogs and even other species of bats. It returns to a perch to eat prey, dropping inedible parts such as wings or legs of large insects under the roost.	Females give birth to one young after gestation estimated to be three months. Young are born blind and hairless and are carried by their mothers for several weeks. In coastal Kenya , lactating or pregnant females have been reported in most months of the year, although there is a peak of births in January at the start of the short wet season. At an inland site in Kenya , most females gave birth at the beginning of the long wet season in March-April and the short wet season in November.	Heart-nosed False-vampires rest during the day but can remain alert in the roost, presumably looking for predators. They hunt for food at night and start becoming active at sunset but do not emerge from their roosts until ¢.30 minutes later. They are not known to use torpor or hibernate. Selection of day roosts varies geographically, depending on availability. In dry savanna, most commonly reported roost is in hollow trees, especially baobab ( Adansonia , Malvaceae ), but they have also been found in unused huts or houses and inside an outhouse. In other areas, they regularly use caves. In Ethiopia , they have also been reported in ash flow tuft blisters (cavities in volcanic rock). Echolocation pulses used for navigation are very short (1-3 milliseconds) FM calls, with average interpulse interval of 48 milliseconds. Most energy is in the second and third harmonics, with peak energy in second harmonic at c.49 kHz, which has typical bandwidth of ¢.22 kHz sweeping from 62 kHz to 40 kHz. First harmonic (fundamental) is usually much softer and still above human hearing (30-20 kHz). Predation by a snake has been reported, and it is likely that various mammals might also attempt to catch bats at roosts.	Heartnosed False-vampires roost in colonies of a few to more than 100 individuals. Colonies may change over time. Each night, bats fly from their roosts to foraging territories of 0-1-1 ha that may be 0-4-1-2 km from the roost tree. They defend their territories with loud songs that are quite distinct from their echolocation calls. The song is emitted through the mouth and consists of a series of 4-9 pulses within one second, repeated several times per minute, sometimes throughout much of the night. Frequencies of each pulse are 6-20 kHz, with peak energy at c.12 kHz, and songs can be heard by humans up to 100-200 m away. Males appear to sing most often, and songs vary seasonally. Females share a male’s territory, at least during some times of year, and might return to the same territory in subsequent years suggesting a long-term pair bond. Both members of the pair perch next to each other while foraging. Heartnosed False-vampires also have a low-frequency call given occasionally during flight that might have a social function. They usually do not share roosts with other species.	Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. There are no quantitative data on population trends, but suitable habitat has likely declined.	Csada (1996) | Kafiuch et al. (2015) | Kingdon (1974) | McWilliam (1987b) | Ryan & Tuttle (1987) | Vaughan (1976)	https://zenodo.org/record/5734711/files/figure.png	2. Heart-nosed False-vampire Cardioderma cor French: Mégaderme nez-en-cceur / German: Herznasenfledermaus / Spanish: Megaderma cor Other common names: African False Vampire Bat , African Heart-nosed Bat , Heart-nosed Bat , Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat Taxonomy. Megaderma cor Peters, 1872 , “Abyssinien [= Ethiopia ].” This species is monotypic. Distribution. E Africa, from E Sudan and Eritrea S through Ethiopia , Djibouti , Somalia , SE South Sudan , NE Uganda , and Kenya to C Tanzania ; also on Unguja I ( Zanzibar Archipelago). Descriptive notes. Head-body 70-77 mm (tailless), ear 35-40 mm, hindfoot 14— 19 mm , forearm 53-59 mm; weight 21-35 g. The Heart-nosed False-vampire has relatively short erect noseleaf, with posterior lobe widest in middle, rounded on top, and c.1-5 times taller than wide. Noseleaf is narrowest in middle, where posterior lobe connects with anterior noseleaf. Anterior noseleat is smoothly rounded in front, with no notches or folds. Posterior noseleaf has thickened ridge down middle that connects to an enlarged area between nostrils, shaped like a heart or arrowhead. Ears are very large and joined over top of head for ¢.20-30% of their length. Tragusis forked, with short rounded inner lobe and elongated pointed outer lobe less than one-half the ear length. Eyes are very large. Wings are broad, and uropatagium is well developed, with no visible bony tail. Fur is light gray to brownish gray; flight membranes, noseleaf, and ears are pinkish brown. Baculum has flattened shaft with expanded head and base. Rostrum of skull has greatly enlarged frontal shield with deep, broad, and rounded median depression, and well-developed but narrow preorbital and postorbital processes. C' lacks anterolingual cusp; P* is lacking; M' has welldeveloped mesostyle on labial side. Coronoid process of mandible is well developed, substantially taller than C,. Dental formulais10/2,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 26. Habitat. Dry forests and savanna, including acacia scrub, coastal moist forests, riverine forests, especially during dry season, from lowlands up to ¢. 1000 m . In Ethiopia also reported from open grassland and thorn scrub with volcanic rubble and lava blister caves. Food and Feeding. The Heart-nosed False-vampire feeds by hanging from branches and scanning for prey. It is believed to rely mainly on passive listening for prey-generated sounds, such as footsteps or rustling of vegetation. It uses echolocation to navigate when it flies out to capture prey. It feeds mainly on large arthropods (typically more than 25 mm ) such as beetles, orthopterans, cockroaches, scorpions, and centipedes. During dry season when ground is relatively bare, it perches on branches 1-2 m aboveground, twisting its body 180° in each direction to scan a circular area under the perch for prey. It switches perches regularly if no prey is found. During wet season when vegetation is thicker, it relies more on flying prey, catching species such as moths or flying beetles in the air. It sometimes captures small vertebrates such as frogs and even other species of bats. It returns to a perch to eat prey, dropping inedible parts such as wings or legs of large insects under the roost. Breeding. Females give birth to one young after gestation estimated to be three months. Young are born blind and hairless and are carried by their mothers for several weeks. In coastal Kenya , lactating or pregnant females have been reported in most months of the year, although there is a peak of births in January at the start of the short wet season. At an inland site in Kenya , most females gave birth at the beginning of the long wet season in March-April and the short wet season in November. Activity patterns. Heart-nosed False-vampires rest during the day but can remain alert in the roost, presumably looking for predators. They hunt for food at night and start becoming active at sunset but do not emerge from their roosts until ¢.30 minutes later. They are not known to use torpor or hibernate. Selection of day roosts varies geographically, depending on availability. In dry savanna, most commonly reported roost is in hollow trees, especially baobab ( Adansonia , Malvaceae ), but they have also been found in unused huts or houses and inside an outhouse. In other areas, they regularly use caves. In Ethiopia , they have also been reported in ash flow tuft blisters (cavities in volcanic rock). Echolocation pulses used for navigation are very short (1-3 milliseconds) FM calls, with average interpulse interval of 48 milliseconds. Most energy is in the second and third harmonics, with peak energy in second harmonic at c.49 kHz, which has typical bandwidth of ¢.22 kHz sweeping from 62 kHz to 40 kHz. First harmonic (fundamental) is usually much softer and still above human hearing (30-20 kHz). Predation by a snake has been reported, and it is likely that various mammals might also attempt to catch bats at roosts. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Heartnosed False-vampires roost in colonies of a few to more than 100 individuals. Colonies may change over time. Each night, bats fly from their roosts to foraging territories of 0-1-1 ha that may be 0-4-1-2 km from the roost tree. They defend their territories with loud songs that are quite distinct from their echolocation calls. The song is emitted through the mouth and consists of a series of 4-9 pulses within one second, repeated several times per minute, sometimes throughout much of the night. Frequencies of each pulse are 6-20 kHz, with peak energy at c.12 kHz, and songs can be heard by humans up to 100-200 m away. Males appear to sing most often, and songs vary seasonally. Females share a male’s territory, at least during some times of year, and might return to the same territory in subsequent years suggesting a long-term pair bond. Both members of the pair perch next to each other while foraging. Heartnosed False-vampires also have a low-frequency call given occasionally during flight that might have a social function. They usually do not share roosts with other species. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. There are no quantitative data on population trends, but suitable habitat has likely declined. Bibliography. Csada (1996), Kafiuch et al. (2015), Kingdon (1974), McWilliam (1987b), Ryan & Tuttle (1987), Vaughan (1976).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Megadermatidae	Cardioderma cor	Cardioderma		cor	Peters	1872	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1875:14:00	Heart-nosed Bat	None.	Ethiopia	E Sudan through Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia south through Uganda, Tanzania, and Zanzibar	Not listed.	Least Concern	See Csada (1996), Happold (2013), Kaňuch et al. (2015), and ACR (2018). Â	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Cardioderma cor	23	Heart-nosed False-vampire	African False Vampire Bat|African Heart-nosed Bat|Heart-nosed Bat|Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	MEGADERMATIDAE	NA	NA	Cardioderma	NA	cor	W. Peters	1872	1	Megaderma_cor	Peters, W. C. H. (1872). Ãœber die Arten der Chiropterengattung Megaderma. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1872, 194.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110470#page/228/mode/1up	ZMB 4181		"Abyssinien [= Ethiopia]."			cor (W. Peters, 1872)	NA	NA	Sudan|Ethiopia|Eritrea|Djibouti|Somalia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Cardioderma_cor	0	sciname match	Cardioderma_cor	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	3859	Cardioderma cor	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	MEGADERMATIDAE	Cardioderma	cor	(Peters, 1872)		20000000	Cardioderma cor	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.	Animals have typically been recorded from lowland savanna, shrubland, and the coastal strip, and in some instances may be observed in river valleys (Varty and Hill 1988; Csada 1996). It roosts alone, or in small numbers, in caves, hollow trees and abandoned buildings (Kingdon 1974; Vaughn 1976; Ryan and Tuttle 1987; Csada 1996; Pearch et al. 2001).	There appear to be no major threats to this species, however, further studies are needed into the impact of disturbance on roosting sites.	Although there is little overall information on the abundance of this species, up to 81 bats have been found roosting in a hollow baobab tree (Vaughn 1976).	Unknown	This East African species is distributed from north-east Sudan (near the Red Sea) south to central Tanzania. The distribution extends from the border area of Uganda and Sudan in the west, to east Somalia (near the tip of the Horn of Africa) in the east. Highest altitudinal record is 940 m Asl (Csada 1996).		Terrestrial	The species has been recorded from protected areas in Kenya (e.g. Tsavo West National Park [Vaughn 1976; Aggundey and Schlitter 1984]) and is likely to be present in protected areas in some other East African countries. Additional studies are needed into the impact of disturbance on this species.	Afrotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Megadermatidae	Cardioderma		cor	Peters	1872	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1875:14:00	Heart-nosed Bat	None.	Ethiopia	E Sudan through Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia south through Uganda, Tanzania, and Zanzibar	Not listed.	Least Concern	See Csada (1996), Happold (2013), Kaňuch et al. (2015), and ACR (2018). Â	Cardioderma cor	1004645	23	Heart-nosed False-vampire	African False Vampire Bat|African Heart-nosed Bat|Heart-nosed Bat|Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	RHINOLOPHOIDEA	Megadermatidae	NA	NA	Cardioderma	NA	cor	W. Peters	1872	1	Megaderma_cor	Peters, W. C. H. (1872). Ãœber die Arten der Chiropterengattung Megaderma. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1872, 194.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110470#page/228/mode/1up	ZMB 4181		"Abyssinien [= Ethiopia]."			cor (W. Peters, 1872)	NA	NA				Sudan|Ethiopia|Eritrea|Djibouti|Somalia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Cardioderma_cor	0	sciname match	Cardioderma_cor	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Cardioderma_cor	1004645	23	Heart-nosed False-vampire	African False Vampire Bat|African Heart-nosed Bat|Heart-nosed Bat|Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Rhinolophoidea	Megadermatidae	NA	NA	Cardioderma	NA	cor	W. C. H. Peters	1	Megaderma cor	Peters, W.C.H. 1872. Ãœber die Arten der Chiropterengattung _Megaderma_. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1872:192-196.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35721122	ZMB 4181	holotype		"Abyssinien [= Ethiopia]."			NA	NA				Sudan|Ethiopia|Eritrea|Djibouti|Somalia|South Sudan|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania	Africa	Afrotropic	LC	0	0	0	Cardioderma_cor	0	sciname match	Cardioderma_cor	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Megadermatidae	Cardioderma		cor	Peters	1872	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1875:14:00	Heart-nosed Bat	None.	Ethiopia	E Sudan through Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia south through Uganda, Tanzania, and Zanzibar	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/3859/22136371/' target='_blank'>Least Concern</a>	See Csada (1996), Happold (2013), Kaňuch et al. (2015), and ACR (2018). Â		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Cardioderma cor; Cardioderma cor; Cardioderma cor; Cardioderma cor; Cardioderma cor; Cardioderma cor; cor; Mégaderme nez-en-cceur; Herznasenfledermaus; Megaderma cor; African False Vampire Bat; African Heart-nosed Bat; Heart-nosed Bat; Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat; Heart-nosed False-vampire; African False Vampire Bat; African Heart-nosed Bat; Heart-nosed Bat; Heart-nosed Big-eared Bat; Heart-nosed Bat; Heart-nosed Bat; C. cor