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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1067	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	N/A	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene masalai		[MSW3] albiventer species group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species but continued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).; [HMW] Nyctimene masala: J. D. Smith & Hood, 1983 , “Ralum, 10 m ., New Ireland Island , New Ireland Prov|ince]., Papua New Guinea (lat. 3° 33’ S , long. 152: 22’ Ey.” Nyctimene masalai is in the albiventer species group. Its validity is currently uncertain, and it has been included as a synonym of N. albrventer. Monotypic.; [batnames2022]  albiventer species group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species butcontinued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).; [IUCN] We follow Simmons (2005) in recognizing this species. However, it is worth noting that Flannery (1995) and Flannery and White (1991) consider Nyctimene masalai to be a synonym of N. albiventer , and Bergmans (2001) also questions the validity of the species. A full revision of the systematics of Nyctimene across the region, particularly in the Bismarck Archipelago, is required to evaluate its taxonomic status.; [batnames2023]  albiventer species group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species butcontinued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).; [batnames2025_1.7] albiventerspecies group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species butcontinued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).														masalai	We follow Simmons (2005) in recognizing this species. However, it is worth noting that Flannery (1995) and Flannery and White (1991) consider Nyctimene masalai to be a synonym of N. albiventer , and Bergmans (2001) also questions the validity of the species. A full revision of the systematics of Nyctimene across the region, particularly in the Bismarck Archipelago, is required to evaluate its taxonomic status.			masalai 	masalai 			masalai J. D. Smith & C. S. Hood, 1983						N/A					Distribution: Known only from New Ireland in the Bismarcks.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		New Ireland; ref. 4.21	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Smith and Hood	1983	Occas. Pap. Mus. Texas Tech Univ., p. 1.		New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.).	Bismarcks, New Ireland, Ralum.		SMITH & HOOD	1983	Size medium (forearm length, 63-68 mm; maxillary tooth row length, 10.4-10.9 mm). Ros trum unusually long. Braincase unusually broad.	Distribution: Known only from New Ireland in the Bismarcks.	No subspecies.		36	species	N. masalai	SMITH & HOOD	1983	Nyctimene	genus	Nyctimene masalai				Size medium (forearm length, 63-68 mm; maxillary tooth row length, 10.4-10.9 mm). Ros trum unusually long. Braincase unusually broad.	No subspecies.		8. N. masalai SMITH & HOOD 1983 [cephalotes group].	8	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Pteropodidae			Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene		masalai	Smith and Hood		1983		Occas. Pap. Mus. Texas Tech Univ.	81		1		Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	Papua New Guinea, New Ireland, Ralum.	New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.).	IUCN/SSC Action Plan (1992) – No Data: Limited Distribution. IUCN 2003 – Vulnerable.		albiventer species group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species but continued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).	03AD87FAFFF9F6148C663CA1FE56FDE9	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf	hash://md5/ff94ff82ffc4f62a891e341cffa5ff9b	119	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/03/AD/87/03AD87FAFFF9F6148C663CA1FE56FDE9.xml	Nyctimene masalai	Pteropodidae	Nyctimene	masalai	Smith & Hood	1983	Nyctimene de Nouvelle- @fr | rlande @en | \Waldgeist-Rohrennasenflughund @de | Nyctimeno de Nueva @es | rlanda @en | Demonic Tube-nosed Bat @en	Nyctimene masala: J. D. Smith & Hood, 1983 , “Ralum, 10 m ., New Ireland Island , New Ireland Prov|ince]., Papua New Guinea (lat. 3° 33’ S , long. 152: 22’ Ey.” Nyctimene masalai is in the albiventer species group. Its validity is currently uncertain, and it has been included as a synonym of N. albrventer. Monotypic.	Bismarck Archipelago ( New Ireland I); it might also extend throughout the rest of the archipelago and other Is.	Head-body 94-103 mm , tail 21-22 mm , ear 14 mm , hindfoot 13-14 mm , forearm 63-5-67- 5 mm ; weight 45-2-52- 3 g . Head of the Demonic Tubenosed Fruit Bat is broad, with deep face, broad bluntly pointed ears, and tubular divergent nostrils. Dorsal pelage is mottled dark reddish brown, with thin, dark blackish mid-dorsal stripe stretching from back of head to base of tail. Ventral pelage is white, with yellowish brown wash. There is white spotting on wing digits, ear edges, and tube nostrils. Wings are dark brown, membranes have some yellowish spotting, second digit of wing has a claw, and wing attaches at second digit of foot. Tail is very short, black, and wrinkled, and narrow uropatagium connects at base and stretches to calcar at ankles. Claws are black. Skull and mandible are robust, and rostrum is short but comparatively broad for the genus. Single lower incisor is completely deciduous,falling out before adulthood; lower molars are broad and rounded in dorsal view; C, replaces incisors and is long and powerful; and P,is elongated and longer than P, and P,.	Probably forested habitats. Recorded around sea level.	No information.	No information.	No information.	No information.	Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. There is almost nothing known about ecology, taxonomy, and threats of the Demonic Tubenosed Fruit Bat.	Bergmans (2001) | Flannery (1995a) | Kitchener, Packer & Maryanto (1993) | Helgen & Bonaccorso (2008a) | Smith & Hood (1983)		106. Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat Nyctimene masalai French: Nyctimene de Nouvelle-Irlande / German: \Waldgeist-Rohrennasenflughund / Spanish: Nyctimeno de Nueva Irlanda Other common names: Demonic Tube-nosed Bat Taxonomy. Nyctimene masala: J. D. Smith & Hood, 1983 , “Ralum, 10 m ., New Ireland Island , New Ireland Prov|ince]., Papua New Guinea (lat. 3° 33’ S , long. 152: 22’ Ey.” Nyctimene masalai is in the albiventer species group. Its validity is currently uncertain, and it has been included as a synonym of N. albrventer. Monotypic. Distribution. Bismarck Archipelago ( New Ireland I); it might also extend throughout the rest of the archipelago and other Is. Descriptive notes. Head-body 94-103 mm , tail 21-22 mm , ear 14 mm , hindfoot 13-14 mm , forearm 63-5-67- 5 mm ; weight 45-2-52- 3 g . Head of the Demonic Tubenosed Fruit Bat is broad, with deep face, broad bluntly pointed ears, and tubular divergent nostrils. Dorsal pelage is mottled dark reddish brown, with thin, dark blackish mid-dorsal stripe stretching from back of head to base of tail. Ventral pelage is white, with yellowish brown wash. There is white spotting on wing digits, ear edges, and tube nostrils. Wings are dark brown, membranes have some yellowish spotting, second digit of wing has a claw, and wing attaches at second digit of foot. Tail is very short, black, and wrinkled, and narrow uropatagium connects at base and stretches to calcar at ankles. Claws are black. Skull and mandible are robust, and rostrum is short but comparatively broad for the genus. Single lower incisor is completely deciduous,falling out before adulthood; lower molars are broad and rounded in dorsal view; C, replaces incisors and is long and powerful; and P,is elongated and longer than P, and P,. Habitat. Probably forested habitats. Recorded around sea level. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. There is almost nothing known about ecology, taxonomy, and threats of the Demonic Tubenosed Fruit Bat. Bibliography. Bergmans (2001), Flannery (1995a), Kitchener, Packer & Maryanto (1993), Helgen & Bonaccorso (2008a), Smith & Hood (1983).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Pteropodidae	Nyctimene masalai	Nyctimene		masalai	Smith & Hood	1983	0	Occas. Pap. Mus. Texas Tech Univ.	######	Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	None.	Papua New Guinea, New Ireland, Ralum.	New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.).	Not listed.	Data Deficient	 albiventer species group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species butcontinued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Nyctimene masalai	23	Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	Demonic Tube-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	PTEROPODOIDEA	PTEROPODIDAE	NYCTIMENINAE	NA	Nyctimene	NA	masalai	J. D. Smith & Hood	1983	0						"Ralum, 10 m., New Ireland Island, New Ireland Prov[ince]., Papua New Guinea (lat. 3° 33' S, long. 152° 22' E)."	-3.55	152.37	masalai J. D. Smith & Hood, 1983	NA	NA	Papua New Guinea	Oceania	Australasia/Oceania	DD	0	0	0	Nyctimene_masalai	0	sciname match	Nyctimene_masalai	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	14959	Nyctimene masalai	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIDAE	Nyctimene	masalai	Smith &; Hood, 1983	We follow Simmons (2005) in recognizing this species. However, it is worth noting that Flannery (1995) and Flannery and White (1991) consider Nyctimene masalai to be a synonym of N. albiventer , and Bergmans (2001) also questions the validity of the species. A full revision of the systematics of Nyctimene across the region, particularly in the Bismarck Archipelago, is required to evaluate its taxonomic status.	20000000	Nyctimene masalai	Data Deficient		2020	2019-06-10 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Listed as Data Deficient given unresolved questions regarding the validity of the species and in view of the absence of recent information on its extent of occurrence, status, ecological requirements, and threats.	There is no information regarding the habitat other than the site descriptions of the specimens collected by Emmons and Kinbag (2001). Nothing is known of the ecology of this species.	It is not known whether this species faces any threats.	The population status of this species is unknown.	Unknown	The precise distribution of the Demonic Tube-nosed Bat is unknown, and there may be confusion with other species in the genus. It appears to be endemic to the island of New Ireland in the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. The type locality of this species is Ralum, New Ireland (3 degrees 31' S, 152 degrees 22' E). The species might extend through the Bismarcks, perhaps the north coast islands of Papua New Guinea, and possibly even the east Papuan Islands (relevant museum samples from these regions need to be investigated, K. Helgen pers. comm.). Little is known about the altitudinal distribution of the species, but Emmons and Kinbag (2001) assign specimens collected on southern New Ireland in the Weitin River valley (165 and 260 m asl) and the lower Hans Meyer Range (1200 m asl) to this species.	The species is unlikely to be hunted or traded given its small size, though animals opportunistically encountered may be killed for food.	Terrestrial	The distribution of this species is uncertain, as is the taxonomic status. Studies are needed into the ecology, biology, and threats to it.	Australasian		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Pteropodidae	Nyctimene		masalai	Smith & Hood	1983	0	Occas. Pap. Mus. Texas Tech Univ.	81:01:00	Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	None.	Papua New Guinea, New Ireland, Ralum.	New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.).	Not listed.	Data Deficient	 albiventer species group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species butcontinued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).	Nyctimene masalai	1004423	23	Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	Demonic Tube-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	PTEROPODIFORMES	NA	NA	PTEROPODOIDEA	Pteropodidae	NYCTIMENINAE	NA	Nyctimene	NA	masalai	J. D. Smith & Hood	1983	0						"Ralum, 10 m., New Ireland Island, New Ireland Prov[ince]., Papua New Guinea (lat. 3° 33' S, long. 152° 22' E)."	-3.55	152.3667	masalai J. D. Smith & Hood, 1983	NA	NA				Papua New Guinea	Oceania	Australasia/Oceania	DD	0	0	0	Nyctimene_masalai	0	sciname match	Nyctimene_masalai	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Nyctimene_masalai	1004423	23	Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	Demonic Tube-nosed Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yinpterochiroptera	NA	NA	Pteropodoidea	Pteropodidae	Nyctimeninae	NA	Nyctimene	NA	masalai	J. D. Smith & C. S. Hood	0	Nyctimene masalai	Smith, J.D. and Hood, C.S. 1983. A new species of tube-nosed fruit bat (_Nyctimene_) from the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University 81:1-14.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/55635380	LACM:Mamm:65798	holotype	http://portal.vertnet.org/o/lacm/mammals?id=acad89b1-1e74-4224-b5a0-508768ea20ba	"Ralum, 10 m., New Ireland Island, New Ireland Prov[ince]., Papua New Guinea (lat. 3° 33' S, long. 152° 22' E)."	-3.55	152.3667	NA	NA				Papua New Guinea	Oceania (Continent)	Australasia	DD	0	0	0	Nyctimene_masalai	0	sciname match	Nyctimene_masalai	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Pteropodidae	Nyctimene		masalai	Smith & Hood	1983	0	Occas. Pap. Mus. Texas Tech Univ.	81:01:00	Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat	None.	Papua New Guinea, New Ireland, Ralum.	New Ireland (Bismarck Arch.).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14959/22008122/' target='_blank'>Data Deficient</a>	albiventerspecies group. Apparently included in vizcaccia by Bonaccorso (1998). Bergmans (2001) questioned the validity of this species butcontinued to list it as a separate taxon pending a revision. Treated as distinct by Emmons and Kinbag (2002).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Nyctimene masalai; Nyctimene masalai; Nyctimene masalai; Nyctimene masalai; Nyctimene masalai; Nyctimene masalai; masalai; Nyctimene de Nouvelle-; rlande; \Waldgeist-Rohrennasenflughund; Nyctimeno de Nueva; rlanda; Demonic Tube-nosed Bat; Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat; Demonic Tube-nosed Bat; Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat; Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat; N. masalai