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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1051	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Nycticeius schlieffeni	Nycticeius schlieffeni	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeius schlieffeni	Nycticeius schlieffeni	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Nycticeinops schlieffenii		[MSW2] Subgenus Nycticeinops. Includes cinnamomeus; see Koopman (1975:412-413).; [MSW3] Includes cinnamomeus; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justification for separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.; [HMW] Nycticejus schlieffenii Peters, 1859 , “ Cairo ,” Egypt . Nycticeinops appears to be most closely related to Hypsugo crassulus and H. eisentrauti (both of which may best be moved to Nycticeinops , but see their accounts), which together are sister to a clade including Neoromicia and Laephotis based on limited genetic data. Karyological studies have revealed different diploid and fundamental numbers for an individual from Somalia in comparison with 22 from South Africa ; this may indicate that the two populations represent distinct species, or that the identity of the Somali specimen is erroneous. Four subspecies have been tentatively proposed based on patterns of pelage color. Synonyms include adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis , bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, and minimus. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Includes cinnamomeus ; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justificationfor separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000 a ) for distribution map. Fasel et al. (2020) present a key to separating males of this species from closely related genera in S Africa based on characters of the penis.; [MDD2022] spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling; [IUCN] This species was previously listed under the genus Nycticeius (Monadjem et al. 2010). The validity of the subspecies Nycticeinops schlieffeni australis (Thomas &; Wroughton 1908) and N . s . fitzsimonsi (Roberts 1932) is currently considered uncertain (Monadjem et al. 2010; Happold 2013). The northern Namibian population appears isolated and hence might represent a unique evolutionary lineage but further molecular studies are needed to resolve this (Monadjem et al. 2010).; [batnames2023] Includes cinnamomeus ; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justificationfor separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000 a ) for distribution map. Fasel et al. (2020) present a key to separating males of this species from closely related genera in S Africa based on characters of the penis.; [MDD2023] spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling; [MDD2025_2.0] spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling; [batnames2025_1.7] Includes cinnamomeus; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justificationfor separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000a) for distribution map. Fasel et al. (2020) present a key to separating males of this species from closely related genera in S Africa based on characters of the penis.; [MDD2025_2.2] spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling				cinnamomeus		adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, minimus.			adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, minimus		adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis , bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, and minimus	schlieffeni 	schlieffeni - adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, minimus	schlieffenii, adovanus, minimus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, africanus, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi	This species was previously listed under the genus Nycticeius (Monadjem et al. 2010). The validity of the subspecies Nycticeinops schlieffeni australis (Thomas &; Wroughton 1908) and N . s . fitzsimonsi (Roberts 1932) is currently considered uncertain (Monadjem et al. 2010; Happold 2013). The northern Namibian population appears isolated and hence might represent a unique evolutionary lineage but further molecular studies are needed to resolve this (Monadjem et al. 2010).	schlieffeni 	schlieffeni - adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, minimus	schlieffenii, adovanus, minimus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, africanus, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi 	schlieffenii, adovanus, minimus, schlieffeni, albiventer, australis, bedouin, africanus, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi	schlieffenii 	schlieffenii - adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis, bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, minimus	schlieffenii (W. C. H. Peters, 1859)|adovanus (von Heuglin, 1877) [not used as valid]|minimus (Noack, 1887)|schlieffeni (Yerbury & O. Thomas, 1895) [incorrect subsequent spelling]|albiventer (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|australis (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|bedouin (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|africanus (G. M. Allen, 1911)|cinnamomeus (von Wettstein, 1916)|fitzsimonsi (A. Roberts, 1932)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.	Schlieffen's bat	Mauretania – Egypt – Namibia, Mozambique, SW Arabia	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Nycticeius schlieffeni	Egypt, Cairo.	Peters	1860	Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 223.	Distribution: Same as for subgenus.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5	Schlieffen's bat	Mauretania – Egypt – Namibia, Transvaal, Natal, SW Arabia	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Peters	1859	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1859:223.	Subgenus Nycticeinops. Includes cinnamomeus; see Koopman (1975:412-413).	SW Arabia; Egypt to Somalia, Mozambique, Botswana, South Africa, and Namibia; Mauritania and Ghana to Sudan and Tanzania.	Egypt, Cairo.		PETERS	1859	Size relatively small (forearm length, 28-34 mm).	Distribution: Same as for subgenus.	Several poorly defined subspecies are frequently recognized.		126	species	N. schlieffeni	PETERS	1859	Nycticeinops	subgenus	Nycticeius schlieffeni				Size relatively small (forearm length, 28-34 mm).	Several poorly defined subspecies are frequently recognized.		2. N. schlieffeni PETERS 1859.	2	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Nycticeiini	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	Nycticeinops		schlieffeni	Peters	y	1859		Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1859		223		Schlieffen's Twilight Bat	Egypt, Cairo.	Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Egypt to Djibouti, Somalia, Mozambique, Mali, Botswana, South Africa, and Namibia; Mauritania and Ghana to Sudan and Tanzania.	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Nycticeius schlieffeni.	adovanus Heuglin, 1877; africanus Allen, 1911; albiventer Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; australis Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; bedouin Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; cinnamomeus Wettstein, 1916; fitzsimonsi Roberts, 1932; minimus Noack, 1887.	Includes cinnamomeus; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justification for separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000a) for distribution map.	4C3D87E8FFC16A7FFA4D903F1D8DBD61	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	816	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFC16A7FFA4D903F1D8DBD61.xml	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	Vespertilionidae	Nycticeinops	schlieffenii	Peters	1859	Vespére de Schlieffen @fr | Schlieffen-Abendfledermaus @de | Nicticenop de Schlieffen @es | Schlieffen’s Twilight Bat @en	Nycticejus schlieffenii Peters, 1859 , “ Cairo ,” Egypt . Nycticeinops appears to be most closely related to Hypsugo crassulus and H. eisentrauti (both of which may best be moved to Nycticeinops , but see their accounts), which together are sister to a clade including Neoromicia and Laephotis based on limited genetic data. Karyological studies have revealed different diploid and fundamental numbers for an individual from Somalia in comparison with 22 from South Africa ; this may indicate that the two populations represent distinct species, or that the identity of the Somali specimen is erroneous. Four subspecies have been tentatively proposed based on patterns of pelage color. Synonyms include adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis , bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, and minimus. Monotypic.	S Mauritania E to N Somalia (including isolated population in N Egypt ) and S to N Namibia , N Botswana , and NE South Africa ; also SW Arabia.	Head-body 37-48 mm, tail 24-34 mm, ear 9-13 mm, hindfoot 7-8 mm, forearm 28-35 mm; weight 4-9 g. Females average heavier than males. Schlieffen’s Bat is among the smallest bats in Africa. Pelage color varies geographically; dorsally, head and body are brown to light brown and hairs are unicolored; ventrally paler brown to grayish white to white. Muzzle is flattened, sparsely haired anteriorly and with prominent lateral glandular swellings; nares are obliquely opened. Ears are dark brown. Wings and interfemoral membrane are dark brown with blackish-brown venation; free edge of interfemoral membrane sometimes has faint white border. Ears are rounded with small, posteriorly oriented basal lobe; tragus is pointed, with strongly convex posterior margin and prominent basal lobe. Calcar extends over one-half of border of uropatagium. This species can be distinguished from the North American Evening Bat ( Nycticeius humeralis ) by baculum with expanded base and long fluted shaft, as well as shorter rostrum, narrower cranium, and maxillary tooth row more convergent. It can be distinguished from Scoteanax and Scotorepens by baculum without modified tips, and reduced molars. I* is fairly long and unicuspid; C' and C, are robust; C' has anterior surface rounded and not grooved; P* is sharply pointed, reaching twothirds to three-quarters the height of C'; M® has three ridges (cf. Scotophilus ); lower incisors are tricuspid; and P, is about one-half the height and one-half the crown area of P, (ct. Scotoecus ). Dental formulaisI11/3,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 30. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 42 and FNa = 50 ( South Africa ) or 2n = 34 and FNa = 52 ( Somalia ).	North of equator, Schlieffen’s Bat occurs mainly in Sudanian woodlands, penetrating into arid areas through riparian vegetation (otherwise not usually found in forested habitats). South of equator,it occurs in semi-desert grassland and shrubland, but absent from most arid areas. It is usually found at elevations of up to 900 m in south of range, extending to 1000 m on Central African Plateau in Malawi .	Schlieffen’s Bat forages 2-6 m aboveground in open areas, between larger branches and tree trunks, near surface of branches and leaves of trees and bushes, in clearings over floodplains and over water. In Zimbabwe , it was found foraging in riparian forests, over floodplains, and above open water during dry season. It apparently takes a variety of insects, including Lepidoptera , Coleoptera , Diptera , Hemiptera , Trichoptera , and Hymenoptera .	Schlieffen’s Bat is seasonally monoestrous. In Kruger National Park, northeastern South Africa , copulation begins in winter (around June). Females store spermatozoa in uterine horns until ovulation occurs in late August; births occur during summer (November—-December). Gestation lasts c.11 weeks. Litter size is 1-3.	Schlieffen’s Bats have been found in torpor during the day at temperatures of 21-24°C. Roosts include hollow branches, rock crevices, and cracks and crevices inside hollow trees, roofs, and cellars. In Malawi , search-phase call shapes are smooth steep/shallow FM, with the following parameters for bats flying in open areas: intensity high, start frequencies of 46-64 kHz, end frequencies 38-43 kHz, peak frequencies 38-41 kHz, and call durations mostly 7-9 milliseconds. For bats flying near the ground call shape becomes steep FM/QCEF, with the following parameters: start frequencies up to 76 kHz, end frequencies 38-42 kHz, and call durations mostly 5-6 milliseconds. In Zimbabwe and Kruger National Park, call shape of bats flying in open areas is steep FM/QCEF, with start frequency of ¢.78 kHz, end frequency c¢.33 kHz, and peak frequency c.42 kHz. In Swaziland ,call shape is steep FM, with start frequency of 45-5 kHz (mean), end frequency 39-5 kHz, peak frequency 41 kHz, and call duration 3-7 milliseconds. Predators include bat hawks (Macheiramphus alcinus).	Schlieffen’s Bats roost alone, in pairs, in small groups, or in large numbers. Bats occasionally congregate to forage. In Malawi , a maternity colony of c.40 post-lactating females and their young was found in a rooftop. Schlieffen’s Bats have occasionally been found roosting with African Sheathtailed Bats (Coleura afra), Mongalla Free-tailed Bats (Mops demonstrator), and Midas Free-tailed Bats (M. midas).	Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.	Fenton (1975) | Happold (2013bd) | Hayman & Hill (1971) | van der Merwe & Rautenbach (1987) | O'Shea & Vaughan (1980) | Rautenbach et al. (1993) | Ruedas et al. (1990)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398016/files/figure.png	116. Schlieffen’s Bat Nycticeinops schlieffenii French: Vespére de Schlieffen / German: Schlieffen-Abendfledermaus / Spanish: Nicticenop de Schlieffen Other common names: Schlieffen’s Twilight Bat Taxonomy. Nycticejus schlieffenii Peters, 1859 , “ Cairo ,” Egypt . Nycticeinops appears to be most closely related to Hypsugo crassulus and H. eisentrauti (both of which may best be moved to Nycticeinops , but see their accounts), which together are sister to a clade including Neoromicia and Laephotis based on limited genetic data. Karyological studies have revealed different diploid and fundamental numbers for an individual from Somalia in comparison with 22 from South Africa ; this may indicate that the two populations represent distinct species, or that the identity of the Somali specimen is erroneous. Four subspecies have been tentatively proposed based on patterns of pelage color. Synonyms include adovanus, africanus, albiventer, australis , bedouin, cinnamomeus, fitzsimonsi, and minimus. Monotypic. Distribution. S Mauritania E to N Somalia (including isolated population in N Egypt ) and S to N Namibia , N Botswana , and NE South Africa ; also SW Arabia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 37-48 mm, tail 24-34 mm, ear 9-13 mm, hindfoot 7-8 mm, forearm 28-35 mm; weight 4-9 g. Females average heavier than males. Schlieffen’s Bat is among the smallest bats in Africa. Pelage color varies geographically; dorsally, head and body are brown to light brown and hairs are unicolored; ventrally paler brown to grayish white to white. Muzzle is flattened, sparsely haired anteriorly and with prominent lateral glandular swellings; nares are obliquely opened. Ears are dark brown. Wings and interfemoral membrane are dark brown with blackish-brown venation; free edge of interfemoral membrane sometimes has faint white border. Ears are rounded with small, posteriorly oriented basal lobe; tragus is pointed, with strongly convex posterior margin and prominent basal lobe. Calcar extends over one-half of border of uropatagium. This species can be distinguished from the North American Evening Bat ( Nycticeius humeralis ) by baculum with expanded base and long fluted shaft, as well as shorter rostrum, narrower cranium, and maxillary tooth row more convergent. It can be distinguished from Scoteanax and Scotorepens by baculum without modified tips, and reduced molars. I* is fairly long and unicuspid; C' and C, are robust; C' has anterior surface rounded and not grooved; P* is sharply pointed, reaching twothirds to three-quarters the height of C'; M® has three ridges (cf. Scotophilus ); lower incisors are tricuspid; and P, is about one-half the height and one-half the crown area of P, (ct. Scotoecus ). Dental formulaisI11/3,C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 30. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 42 and FNa = 50 ( South Africa ) or 2n = 34 and FNa = 52 ( Somalia ). Habitat. North of equator, Schlieffen’s Bat occurs mainly in Sudanian woodlands, penetrating into arid areas through riparian vegetation (otherwise not usually found in forested habitats). South of equator,it occurs in semi-desert grassland and shrubland, but absent from most arid areas. It is usually found at elevations of up to 900 m in south of range, extending to 1000 m on Central African Plateau in Malawi . Food and Feeding. Schlieffen’s Bat forages 2-6 m aboveground in open areas, between larger branches and tree trunks, near surface of branches and leaves of trees and bushes, in clearings over floodplains and over water. In Zimbabwe , it was found foraging in riparian forests, over floodplains, and above open water during dry season. It apparently takes a variety of insects, including Lepidoptera , Coleoptera , Diptera , Hemiptera , Trichoptera , and Hymenoptera . Breeding. Schlieffen’s Bat is seasonally monoestrous. In Kruger National Park, northeastern South Africa , copulation begins in winter (around June). Females store spermatozoa in uterine horns until ovulation occurs in late August; births occur during summer (November—-December). Gestation lasts c.11 weeks. Litter size is 1-3. Activity patterns. Schlieffen’s Bats have been found in torpor during the day at temperatures of 21-24°C. Roosts include hollow branches, rock crevices, and cracks and crevices inside hollow trees, roofs, and cellars. In Malawi , search-phase call shapes are smooth steep/shallow FM, with the following parameters for bats flying in open areas: intensity high, start frequencies of 46-64 kHz, end frequencies 38-43 kHz, peak frequencies 38-41 kHz, and call durations mostly 7-9 milliseconds. For bats flying near the ground call shape becomes steep FM/QCEF, with the following parameters: start frequencies up to 76 kHz, end frequencies 38-42 kHz, and call durations mostly 5-6 milliseconds. In Zimbabwe and Kruger National Park, call shape of bats flying in open areas is steep FM/QCEF, with start frequency of ¢.78 kHz, end frequency c¢.33 kHz, and peak frequency c.42 kHz. In Swaziland ,call shape is steep FM, with start frequency of 45-5 kHz (mean), end frequency 39-5 kHz, peak frequency 41 kHz, and call duration 3-7 milliseconds. Predators include bat hawks (Macheiramphus alcinus). Movements, Home range and Social organization. Schlieffen’s Bats roost alone, in pairs, in small groups, or in large numbers. Bats occasionally congregate to forage. In Malawi , a maternity colony of c.40 post-lactating females and their young was found in a rooftop. Schlieffen’s Bats have occasionally been found roosting with African Sheathtailed Bats (Coleura afra), Mongalla Free-tailed Bats (Mops demonstrator), and Midas Free-tailed Bats (M. midas). Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Fenton (1975), Happold (2013bd), Hayman & Hill (1971), van der Merwe & Rautenbach (1987), O'Shea & Vaughan (1980), Rautenbach et al. (1993), Ruedas et al. (1990).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	Nycticeinops		schlieffeni	Peters	1859	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1862:43:00	Schlieffen's Twilight Bat	 adovanus Heuglin, 1877; africanus Allen, 1911; albiventer Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; australis Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; bedouin Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; cinnamomeus Wettstein, 1916; fitzsimonsi Roberts, 1932; minimus Noack, 1887.	Egypt, Cairo.	Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Egypt to Djibouti, Somalia, Mozambique, Mali, Botswana, South Africa, and Namibia; Mauritania and Ghana to Sudan and Tanzania.	Not listed.	Least Concern	Includes cinnamomeus ; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justificationfor separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000 a ) for distribution map. Fasel et al. (2020) present a key to separating males of this species from closely related genera in S Africa based on characters of the penis.	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	23	Schlieffen's Serotine	Schlieffen's Twilight Bat|Schlieffen's Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	VESPERTILIONINI	Nycticeinops	NA	schlieffenii	W. Peters	1859	1	Nycticejus_Schlieffenii	Peters, W. C. H. (1859). Ãœber die Chiropterengattung Nyctophilus. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1859, 224.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/41575#page/232/mode/1up	ZMB 585		"Cairo," Egypt.			schlieffenii (W. Peters, 1859)|adovanus (Heuglin, 1877)|minimus (Noack, 1887)|albiventer (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908|australis (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|bedouin (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|africanus (G. M. Allen, 1911)|cinnamomeus (Wettstein, 1916)|fitzsimonsi (Roberts, 1932)	spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling	NA	Saudi Arabia|Yemen|Egypt|Mauritania|Senegal|Mali|Burkina Faso|Niger|Ghana|Togo|Benin|Niger|Nigeria|Chad|Cameroon|Central African Republic|Sudan|South Sudan|Eritrea|Djibouti|Somalia|Ethiopia|Somalia|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania|Angola|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Namibia|Botswana|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini	Africa|Asia	Afrotropic|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Nycticeinops_schlieffenii	0	sciname match	Nycticeinops_schlieffeni	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	41533	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Nycticeinops	schlieffeni	(Peters, 1859)	This species was previously listed under the genus Nycticeius (Monadjem et al. 2010). The validity of the subspecies Nycticeinops schlieffeni australis (Thomas &; Wroughton 1908) and N . s . fitzsimonsi (Roberts 1932) is currently considered uncertain (Monadjem et al. 2010; Happold 2013). The northern Namibian population appears isolated and hence might represent a unique evolutionary lineage but further molecular studies are needed to resolve this (Monadjem et al. 2010).	20000000	Nycticeinops schlieffeni	Least Concern		2017	2016-08-31 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	A widespread and rather common species, currently facing no major threats. It is therefore considered as Least Concern.	This species inhabits dry and moist savanna, dry shrubland, desert, and semi-desert. ;It roosts under the roofs of huts or in crevices in trees. TIt has been taken from under the bark of a dead Acacia nigrescens tree in mopane savanna in Zinave National Park (Smithers and Labao Tello, 1976).	No threats are known for this species.	This bat is rather common.	Unknown	Distribution is split into two: one range in west Africa (including north Senegal, south Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Togo, Benin, and Nigeria), and one covering much of east and south Africa (as far south as north-east ;Swaziland). The species is absent from much of the Horn of Africa, north-east Ethiopia, east Tanzania, and north-east Mozambique. There is a smaller central African range in north-east ;Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). There are also records from Niger, Central African Republic (CAR), and the Nile delta in Egypt.		Terrestrial	None in place.	Afrotropical|Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Nycticeinops		schlieffenii	Peters	1859	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1862:44:00	Schlieffen's Twilight Bat	 adovanus Heuglin, 1877; africanus Allen, 1911; albiventer Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; australis Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; bedouin Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; cinnamomeus Wettstein, 1916; fitzsimonsi Roberts, 1932; minimus Noack, 1887.	Egypt, Cairo	Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Egypt to Djibouti, Somalia, Mozambique, Mali, Botswana, South Africa, and Namibia; Mauritania and Ghana to Sudan and Tanzania	Not listed.	Least Concern	Includes cinnamomeus ; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justificationfor separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000 a ) for distribution map. Fasel et al. (2020) present a key to separating males of this species from closely related genera in S Africa based on characters of the penis.	Nycticeinops schlieffenii	1005752	23	Schlieffen's Serotine	Schlieffen's Twilight Bat|Schlieffen's Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	VESPERTILIONINI	Nycticeinops	NA	schlieffenii	W. Peters	1859	1	Nycticejus_Schlieffenii	Peters, W. C. H. (1859). Ãœber die Chiropterengattung Nyctophilus. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1859, 224.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/41575#page/232/mode/1up	ZMB 585		"Cairo," Egypt.			schlieffenii (W. Peters, 1859)|adovanus (Heuglin, 1877)|minimus (Noack, 1887)|albiventer (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908|australis (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|bedouin (O. Thomas & Wroughton, 1908)|africanus (G. M. Allen, 1911)|cinnamomeus (Wettstein, 1916)|fitzsimonsi (Roberts, 1932)	spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling	NA				Saudi Arabia|Yemen|Egypt|Mauritania|Senegal|Mali|Burkina Faso|Niger|Ghana|Togo|Benin|Niger|Nigeria|Chad|Cameroon|Central African Republic|Sudan|South Sudan|Eritrea|Djibouti|Somalia|Ethiopia|Somalia|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania|Angola|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Namibia|Botswana|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini	Africa|Asia	Afrotropic|Palearctic	LC	0	0	0	Nycticeinops_schlieffenii	0	sciname match	Nycticeinops_schlieffeni	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Nycticeinops_schlieffenii	1005752	23	Schlieffen's Serotine	Schlieffen's Twilight Bat|Schlieffen's Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Vespertilionini	Nycticeinops	NA	schlieffenii	W. C. H. Peters	1	Nycticejus Schlieffenii	Peters, W.C.H. 1859. Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Chiropteren. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1859:222-225.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11069576	ZMB 585	holotype		"Cairo," Egypt.			spelling changed from 'schlieffeni' to schlieffenii' to match the original spelling	NA				Saudi Arabia|Yemen|Egypt|Mauritania|Senegal|Mali|Burkina Faso|Niger|Ghana|Togo|Benin|Nigeria|Chad|Cameroon|Central African Republic|Sudan|South Sudan|Eritrea|Djibouti|Ethiopia|Somalia|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Uganda|Kenya|Tanzania|Angola|Zambia|Malawi|Mozambique|Namibia|Botswana|Zimbabwe|South Africa|Eswatini	Africa|Asia	Afrotropic|Palearctic	LC (as Nycticeinops schlieffeni)	0	0	0	Nycticeinops_schlieffenii	0	sciname match	Nycticeinops_schlieffeni	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Nycticeinops		schlieffenii	Peters	1859	1	Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin	1862:44:00	Schlieffen's Twilight Bat	adovanus Heuglin, 1877; africanus Allen, 1911; albiventer Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; australis Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; bedouin Thomas and Wroughton, 1908; cinnamomeus Wettstein, 1916; fitzsimonsi Roberts, 1932; minimus Noack, 1887.	Egypt, Cairo	Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Egypt to Djibouti, Somalia, Mozambique, Mali, Botswana, South Africa, and Namibia; Mauritania and Ghana to Sudan and Tanzania	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41533/22005999/' target='_blank'>Least Concern as Nycticeinops schlieffeni</a>	Includes cinnamomeus; see Koopman (1975). Several poorly defined subspecies are often recognized, but there seems little justificationfor separation of these taxa. Reviewed in part by Harrison and Bates (1991); see Taylor (2000a) for distribution map. Fasel et al. (2020) present a key to separating males of this species from closely related genera in S Africa based on characters of the penis.		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Nycticeinops schlieffeni; Nycticeinops schlieffenii; Nycticeinops schlieffeni; Nycticeinops schlieffenii; Nycticeinops schlieffeni; Nycticeinops schlieffenii; adovanus; africanus; albiventer; australis; bedouin; cinnamomeus; fitzsimonsi; minimus; adovanus; africanus; albiventer; australis; bedouin; cinnamomeus; fitzsimonsi; and minimus; adovanus; africanus; albiventer; australis; bedouin; cinnamomeus; fitzsimonsi; minimus; schlieffenii; adovanus; minimus; albiventer; australis; bedouin; africanus; cinnamomeus; fitzsimonsi; Vespére de Schlieffen; Schlieffen-Abendfledermaus; Nicticenop de Schlieffen; Schlieffen’s Twilight Bat; Schlieffen's Serotine; Schlieffen's Twilight Bat; Schlieffen's Bat; Schlieffen's Twilight Bat; Schlieffen's Twilight Bat; N. schlieffenii