http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format	name_CH1_1980	name_MSW1_1982	name_CH3_1991	name_MSW2_1993	name_Koopman_1994	name_MSW3_2005	name_HMW_2019	name_BatNames_2022	name_MDD_2022	name_IUCN_2022	name_BatNames_2023	name_MDD_2023	name_MDD_2025_2.0	name_batnames_2025_1.7	name_MDD_2025_2.2	column151	taxonomic_notes_concatenated	column171	synonyms_CH1	subspecies__MSW2	synonyms__MSW1	synonyms_CH3	synonyms_MSW2	subspecies_Koopman94_interpreted	subspecies_MSW3_interpreted	synonym_MSW3_interpreted	subspecies_HMW_interpreted	synonym_HMW_interpreted	subspecies_batnames_interpreted	synonym_batnames_interpreted	synonym_MDD_interpreted	synonym_IUCN_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_batnames2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2023_interpreted	synonym_MDD2025_interpreted	subspecies_batnames2025_interpreted	synonyms_batnames2025_interpreted	nominalNames	column391	docOrigin_CH1	commonName_CH1	distribution_CH1	docOrigin_MSW1	column451	typeLocality_MSW1	authority_MSW1	year_MSW1	citation_MSW1	distribution	comment_MSW1	docOrigin_CH3	commonName_CH3	distribution_CH3	docOrigin_MSW2	authority_MSW2	year_MSW2	citation_MSW2	comments_MSW2	distribution_MSW2	typeLocality_MSW2	docOrigin_Koopman94	authority_Koopman94	year_Koopman94	description_Koopman94	distribution_Koopman94	diversity_Koopman94	subspecies_Koopman94	page	rank	name	authority	year	parent	parent_rank	corrected_name	actual_species_count	claimed_species_count	dental_formula	description	diversity	full_subspecies_text	name_line	species_index	subspecies	synonym	text	docOrigin_MSW3	order_MSW3	family_MSW3	subfamily_MSW3	tribe_MSW3	name_MSW3	genus_MSW3	subgenus_MSW3	species_MSW3	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MSW3	(parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)_MSW3	authoritySpeciesYear_MSW3	actualDate_MSW3	citation_MSW3	volume_MSW3	issue_MSW3	pages_MSW3	type_species_MSW3	commonName_MSW3	typeLocality_MSW3	distribution_MSW3	status_MSW3	synonym_MSW3	comments_MSW3	docId_HMW	docOrigin_HMW	docISBN_HMW	docName_HMW	docMasterId_HMW	docPageNumber_HMW	derivedFrom_HMW	name_HMW	family_HMW	genus_HMW	species_HMW	authoritySpeciesAuthor_HMW	authoritySpeciesYear	commonNames_HMW	taxonomy_HMW	subspeciesAndDistribution_HMW	descriptiveNotes_HMW	habitat_HMW	foodAndFeeding_HMW	breeding_HMW	activityPatterns_HMW	movementsHomeRangeAndSocialOrganization_HMW	statusAndConservation_HMW	bibliography_HMW	distributionImageURL_HMW	verbatimText_HMW	docOrigin_batnames	family_batnames	name_batnames	genus_batnames	subgenus_batnames	species_batnames	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames	date_batnames	parentheses_batnames (1=author & date in parentheses)	citation_batnames	docPageNumber_batnames	common Name_batnames	synonyms_batnames	type_locality_batnames	Distribution_batnames	CITES_batnames	IUCN_batnames	comments_batnames	docOrigin_MDD	name_MDD	phylosort_MDD	mainCommonName_MDD	otherCommonNames_MDD	subclass_MDD	infraclass_MDD	magnorder_MDD	superorder_MDD	order_MDD	suborder_MDD	infraorder_MDD	parvorder_MDD	superfamily_MDD	family_MDD	subfamily_MDD	tribe_MDD	genus_MDD	subgenus_MDD	specificEpithet_MDD	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD	authorityParentheses_MDD	originalNameCombination_MDD	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD	holotypeVoucher_MDD	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD	typeLocality_MDD	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD	nominalNames_MDD	taxonomyNotes_MDD	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD	countryDistribution_MDD	continentDistribution_MDD	biogeographicRealm_MDD	iucnStatus_MDD	extinct_MDD	domestic_MDD	flagged_MDD	CMW_sciName_MDD	diffSinceCMW_MDD	MSW3_matchtype_MDD	MSW3_sciName_MDD	diffSinceMSW3_MDD	docOrigin_IUCN	internalTaxonId_IUCN	NAME_IUCN	kingdomName_IUCN	phylumName_IUCN	className_IUCN	orderName_IUCN	familyName_IUCN	genusName_IUCN	speciesName_IUCN	authoritySpeciesAuthorYear_IUCN	taxonomicNotes_IUCN	assessmentId_IUCN	scientificName_IUCN	redlistCategory_IUCN	redlistCriteria_IUCN	yearPublished_IUCN	assessmentDate_IUCN	criteriaVersion_IUCN	language_IUCN	rationale_IUCN	habitat_IUCN	threats_IUCN	population_IUCN	populationTrend_IUCN	range_IUCN	useTrade_IUCN	systems_IUCN	conservationActions_IUCN	realm_IUCN	yearLastSeen_IUCN	possiblyExtinct_IUCN	possiblyExtinctInTheWild_IUCN	scopes_IUCN	docOrigin_batnames2023	FAMILY_batnames2023	GENUS_batnames2023	SUBGENUS_batnames2023	SPECIES_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_batnames2023	authoritySpeciesYearbatnames2023	PARENTHESES_batnames2023 (1=AUTHOR & DATE IN PARENTHESES)	CITATION_batnames2023	PAGES_batnames2023	COMMON NAME_batnames2023	SYNONYMS_batnames2023	TYPE LOCALITY_batnames2023	DISTRIBUTION_batnames2023	CITES_batnames2023	IUCN_batnames2023	COMMENTS_batnames2023	name MDD2023	id_MDD2023	phylosort_MDD2023	mainCommonName_MDD2023	otherCommonNames_MDD2023	subclass_MDD2023	infraclass_MDD2023	magnorder_MDD2023	superorder_MDD2023	order_MDD2023	suborder_MDD2023	infraorder_MDD2023	parvorder_MDD2023	superfamily_MDD2023	Family_mdd2023	subfamily_MDD2023	tribe_MDD2023	genus_MDD2023	subgenus_MDD2023	specificEpithet_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesAuthor_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesYear_MDD2023	authorityParentheses_MDD2023	originalNameCombination_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesCitation_MDD2023	authoritySpeciesLink_MDD2023	holotypeVoucher_MDD2023	holotypeVoucherURIs_MDD2023	typeLocality_MDD2023	typeLocalityLatitude_MDD2023	typeLocalityLongitude_MDD2023	nominalNames_MDD2023	taxonomyNotes_MDD2023	taxonomyNotesCitation_MDD2023	distributionNotes_MDD2023	distributionNotesCitation_MDD2023	subregionDistribution_MDD2023	countryDistribution_MDD2023	continentDistribution_MDD2023	biogeographicRealm_MDD2023	iucnStatus_MDD2023	extinct_MDD2023	domestic_MDD2023	flagged_MDD2023	CMW_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceCMW_MDD2023	MSW3_matchtype_MDD2023	MSW3_sciName_MDD2023	diffSinceMSW3_MDD2023	docOrigin_MDD2025	sciName	id	phylosort	mainCommonName	otherCommonNames	subclass	infraclass	magnorder	superorder	order	suborder	infraorder	parvorder	superfamily	family	subfamily	tribe	genus	subgenus	specificEpithet	authoritySpeciesAuthor	authorityParentheses	originalNameCombination	authoritySpeciesCitation	authoritySpeciesLink	typeVoucher	typeKind	typeVoucherURIs	typeLocality	typeLocalityLatitude	typeLocalityLongitude	taxonomyNotes	taxonomyNotesCitation	distributionNotes	distributionNotesCitation	subregionDistribution	countryDistribution	continentDistribution	biogeographicRealm	iucnStatus	extinct	domestic	flagged	CMW_sciName	diffSinceCMW	MSW3_matchtype	MSW3_sciName	diffSinceMSW3	docOrigin_batnames2025	Family	Genus	Subgenus	Species	Author	Date	Parentheses (1=author & date in parentheses)	Citation	Pages	Common Name	Synonyms	Type Locality	Distribution	CITES	IUCN	Comments	column3781	column3791	subtribe	CONCAT_ALTNAMES
line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1028	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	N/A	Nyctalus leisleri [synonym of]	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	N/A	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus azoreum		[MSW2] Listed as a subspecies of N. leisleri by Corbet (1978c), but see Palmeirim (1991).; [MSW3] Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978c), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).; [HMW] Pterygistes azoreum Thomas, 1901 , “St. Michael’s, Azores ,” Portugal . Nyctalus azoreum is morphologically and ecologically distinct from N. leisleri but is genetically not particularly divergent. However, there is considerable genetic divergence between different island populations of N. azoreum , indicating that the species has been present on the islands for a long time, and that there is limited breeding between islands. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978 c ), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).; [IUCN] There is marked genetic differentiation between populations on central and eastern islands in the archipelago, indicating that they have evolved in relative isolation for a long time (Salgueiro et al. 2004).; [batnames2023] Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978 c ), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).; [batnames2025_1.7] Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978c), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).														azoreum	There is marked genetic differentiation between populations on central and eastern islands in the archipelago, indicating that they have evolved in relative isolation for a long time (Salgueiro et al. 2004).			azoreum 	azoreum 			azoreum (O. Thomas, 1901)						N/A							Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		Azores Is; ref. 4.75	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Thomas	1901	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 8:34.	Listed as a subspecies of N. leisleri by Corbet (1978c), but see Palmeirim (1991).	Azores (Portugal).	Portugal, Azores, St. Michael.																								NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Pipistrellini	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus		azoreum	Thomas	y	1901		Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7	8		34		Azores Noctule	Portugal, Azores, St. Michael.	Azores Isls (Portugal).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.		Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978c), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).	4C3D87E8FFF16A4EFA5297501962B1F7	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	768	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFF16A4EFA5297501962B1F7.xml	Nyctalus azoreum	Vespertilionidae	Nyctalus	azoreum		1901	Noctule des Acores @fr | Azoren-Abendsegler @de | Noctulode las Azores @es | Azorean Bat @en	Pterygistes azoreum Thomas, 1901 , “St. Michael’s, Azores ,” Portugal . Nyctalus azoreum is morphologically and ecologically distinct from N. leisleri but is genetically not particularly divergent. However, there is considerable genetic divergence between different island populations of N. azoreum , indicating that the species has been present on the islands for a long time, and that there is limited breeding between islands. Monotypic.	The Azores Archipelago on Faial, Pico, Sao Jorge , Graciosa, Terceira, Sao Miguel , and Santa Maria Is.	Head-body 51-57 mm, tail 42-43 mm, ear 12 mm , forearm 35-42 mm; weight 6-15 g. The Azores Noctule is externally very similar to Leisler’s Noctule ( Nyctalus leisleri ) but smaller and darker. Dorsal pelage is dark brown with a yellowish hue, while ventral pelage is yellowish. Face, ears, and membranes are darkly pigmented;tail extends a few millimeters past uropatagium. Muzzle is short, with large glands between nostrils and eyes; ears are short and triangular, with 4-5 folds on outer edge. Tragus is very short and rounded, mushroom-shaped, as is characteristic of the genus. Skull is robust and lacks a defined forehead; skull and dentition are similar to Leisler’s Noctule overall; lower molars are nyctalodont.	Forages in a variety of habitats across the islands. The Azores Noctule favors natural and semi-natural dry forest and heathland, although it is frequently found feeding around agricultural fields and villages. Elevation range is 0-600 m.	Insectivorous. Azores Noctules feed largely during the day, and stay high in the canopy and over the vegetation in open areas when foraging. Some individuals have been observed foraging around streetlights at night.	Most births occur in mid-June to July; litter size is 1-2 young. Young begin to fly in about mid-July. Like many temperate bats, Azores Noctules probably exhibit delayed fertilization and mate earlier in the year.	Roosts are most often found in buildings, rock crevices in cliffs, and holes in trees. Unlike most noctules and bats in general, the Azores Noctule often forages diurnally, leaving its roosts before sunset. This may be because of the lack of predation or competition with birds on the islands. Calls are similar to those of Leisler’s Noctule but at a higher maximum energy frequency (32-1 kHz).	The Azores Noctule lives in colonies of individuals that roost together; when leaving the roost, they cluster in small groups, as do continental bats. Females create maternity colonies with only females and young from April until September or October, while males are solitary or in small groups during breeding season, although outside this period both males and females live solitarily or in small groups. Mean number of individuals in a roost, as indicated by M. Leonardo and F. M. Medeiros in 2011, was five, with a range of 1-684 individuals. Maternal roosts were up to 684 individuals in buildings, while in trees cavities they were generally 20-50 individuals, depending on the size of the cavity.	Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Azores Noctule is restricted to the Azores , where it is relatively common on Sao Miguel , Faial, Terceira, and Sao Jorge . However,it is rare on Graciosa and extremely rare on Santa Maria, and it may be declining throughout its entire range due to habitat degradation, roost destruction, and other forms of human persecution. Total population is estimated to be 2000-5000 individuals, with less than 1000 individuals on Sao Miguel , where the species is most abundant. Because the species flies during the day, it is especially vulnerable to persecution by people, as colonies are easier to find. The Azores Noctule is the only mammal endemic to the Azores ; the only other land mammal native to the islandsis the Greater Myotis ( Myotis myotis ).	Boston et al. (2015) | Irwin & Speakman (2003) | Leonardo & Medeiros (2011) | Moore (1975) | Palmeirim (1991) | Piraccini (2016a) | Rainho et al. (2002) | Salgueiro, Coelho et al. (2004) | Salgueiro, Palmeirim & Coelho (2010) | Salgueiro, Palmeirim, Ruedi & Coelho (2008) | Salgueiro, Ruedi,Coelho & Palmeirim (2007) | Skiba (2003) | Speakman & Webb (1993)	https://zenodo.org/record/6397806/files/figure.png	17. Azores Noctule Nyctalus azoreum French: Noctule des Acores / German: Azoren-Abendsegler / Spanish: Noctulo de las Azores Other common names: Azorean Bat Taxonomy. Pterygistes azoreum Thomas, 1901 , “St. Michael’s, Azores ,” Portugal . Nyctalus azoreum is morphologically and ecologically distinct from N. leisleri but is genetically not particularly divergent. However, there is considerable genetic divergence between different island populations of N. azoreum , indicating that the species has been present on the islands for a long time, and that there is limited breeding between islands. Monotypic. Distribution. The Azores Archipelago on Faial, Pico, Sao Jorge , Graciosa, Terceira, Sao Miguel , and Santa Maria Is. Descriptive notes. Head-body 51-57 mm, tail 42-43 mm, ear 12 mm , forearm 35-42 mm; weight 6-15 g. The Azores Noctule is externally very similar to Leisler’s Noctule ( Nyctalus leisleri ) but smaller and darker. Dorsal pelage is dark brown with a yellowish hue, while ventral pelage is yellowish. Face, ears, and membranes are darkly pigmented;tail extends a few millimeters past uropatagium. Muzzle is short, with large glands between nostrils and eyes; ears are short and triangular, with 4-5 folds on outer edge. Tragus is very short and rounded, mushroom-shaped, as is characteristic of the genus. Skull is robust and lacks a defined forehead; skull and dentition are similar to Leisler’s Noctule overall; lower molars are nyctalodont. Habitat. Forages in a variety of habitats across the islands. The Azores Noctule favors natural and semi-natural dry forest and heathland, although it is frequently found feeding around agricultural fields and villages. Elevation range is 0-600 m. Food and Feeding. Insectivorous. Azores Noctules feed largely during the day, and stay high in the canopy and over the vegetation in open areas when foraging. Some individuals have been observed foraging around streetlights at night. Breeding. Most births occur in mid-June to July; litter size is 1-2 young. Young begin to fly in about mid-July. Like many temperate bats, Azores Noctules probably exhibit delayed fertilization and mate earlier in the year. Activity patterns. Roosts are most often found in buildings, rock crevices in cliffs, and holes in trees. Unlike most noctules and bats in general, the Azores Noctule often forages diurnally, leaving its roosts before sunset. This may be because of the lack of predation or competition with birds on the islands. Calls are similar to those of Leisler’s Noctule but at a higher maximum energy frequency (32-1 kHz). Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Azores Noctule lives in colonies of individuals that roost together; when leaving the roost, they cluster in small groups, as do continental bats. Females create maternity colonies with only females and young from April until September or October, while males are solitary or in small groups during breeding season, although outside this period both males and females live solitarily or in small groups. Mean number of individuals in a roost, as indicated by M. Leonardo and F. M. Medeiros in 2011, was five, with a range of 1-684 individuals. Maternal roosts were up to 684 individuals in buildings, while in trees cavities they were generally 20-50 individuals, depending on the size of the cavity. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Azores Noctule is restricted to the Azores , where it is relatively common on Sao Miguel , Faial, Terceira, and Sao Jorge . However,it is rare on Graciosa and extremely rare on Santa Maria, and it may be declining throughout its entire range due to habitat degradation, roost destruction, and other forms of human persecution. Total population is estimated to be 2000-5000 individuals, with less than 1000 individuals on Sao Miguel , where the species is most abundant. Because the species flies during the day, it is especially vulnerable to persecution by people, as colonies are easier to find. The Azores Noctule is the only mammal endemic to the Azores ; the only other land mammal native to the islandsis the Greater Myotis ( Myotis myotis ). Bibliography. Boston et al. (2015), Irwin & Speakman (2003), Leonardo & Medeiros (2011), Moore (1975), Palmeirim (1991), Piraccini (2016a), Rainho et al. (2002), Salgueiro, Coelho et al. (2004), Salgueiro, Palmeirim & Coelho (2010), Salgueiro, Palmeirim, Ruedi & Coelho (2008), Salgueiro, Ruedi,Coelho & Palmeirim (2007), Skiba (2003), Speakman & Webb (1993).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Nyctalus azoreum	Nyctalus		azoreum	Thomas	1901	1	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 7, 8: 34	Azores Noctule	None.	Portugal, Azores, St. Michael.	Azores Isls (Portugal).	Not listed.	Vulnerable	Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978 c ), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Nyctalus azoreum	23	Azores Noctule	Azorean Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	PIPISTRELLINI	Nyctalus	NA	azoreum	O. Thomas	1901	1	Pterygistes_azoreum	Thomas, O. (1901). Some new African Bats (including one from the Azores) and a new Galago. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 8, 33.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/94923#page/53/mode/1up	BM 1865.10.2.1		"St. Michael's, Azores," Portugal.			azoreum (O. Thomas, 1901)	NA	NA	Azores	Europe	Palearctic	VU	0	0	0	Nyctalus_azoreum	0	sciname match	Nyctalus_azoreum	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	14922	Nyctalus azoreum	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Nyctalus	azoreum	(Thomas, 1901)	There is marked genetic differentiation between populations on central and eastern islands in the archipelago, indicating that they have evolved in relative isolation for a long time (Salgueiro et al. 2004).	200000000	Nyctalus azoreum	Vulnerable	C2a(i)	2022	2016-04-25 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	This species' population has been estimated at 2,000-5,000 individuals and the most abundant subpopulation numbers less than 1,000 individuals. For these reasons this species meets the criteria for being assessed as Vulnerable (VU C2a(i)). This species is endemic to the Azores, where it has a small population and range. It is suspected to be declining as a result of disturbance and destruction of colonies, loss and degradation of natural and semi-natural habitats and pesticide use. There is no direct information on dispersal between islands, but genetic research suggests that dispersal is restricted, and so the population is precautionarily regarded as being severely fragmented; further research would be required to confirm this. For these reasons, it may be approaching the Endangered category.	This bat forages over a variety of habitats on the islands, favouring natural and semi-natural habitats. It frequently feeds around artificial lighting (e.g. streetlamps). Most maternity colonies are probably located in buildings, trees and rock crevices.	Human persecution, and the destruction of roost sites, are likely to be the main threats (A. Rainho pers. comm. 2006). Habitat loss and degradation, use of pesticides and the spread of exotic plant species may also have a detrimental effect on the species. It is suspected that the extreme scarcity of the species on Santa Maria is attributable to habitat loss and degradation. This species is particularly vulnerable to persecution because it flies during the day, making colonies obvious and easy to find (A. Rainho pers. comm. 2006).	Surveys in 2002, 2003 and 2004 found the Azorean Bat (Nyctalus azoreum ) quite abundant on San Miguel, Faial, Terceira and San Jorge, but rare on Graciosa and extremely rare on Santa Maria. It is absent from Flores and Corvo. There is no quantitative information on population trend, but it is suspected that the species may be declining as a result of habitat degradation, destruction of or exclusion from roosts (both in trees and buildings), and human persecution. Local environmental groups report that numerous colonies have disappeared (A. Rainho pers. comm. 2006). The total population is estimated at 2,000-5,000 individuals, and there are fewer than 1,000 individuals on San Miguel, where the species is most abundant (Cabral et al. 2005, J.M. Palmeirim, A. Rainho and L. Rodrigues pers. comm. 2006).	Decreasing	The Azorean Bat (Nyctalus azoreum ) is restricted to the Azores Archipelago (Portugal), where it occurs on Faial, Pico, San Jorge, Graciosa, Terceira, San Miguel and Santa Maria islands, from sea level to 600 m (A. Rainho pers. comm. 2006). Its Area of Occurrence is estimated at ca ; 2,200 km<sup>2</sup>.		Terrestrial	There is no specific national legislation. It is protected under Bern Convention and included in Annex IV of EU Habitats and Species Directive. There are proposals for protection and monitoring of roosts, public awareness (with special reference to roosts), reduction of adverse agricultural practices, preservation and restoration of natural habitat, use of lights that attract insects (e.g. mercury), and further studies of the species' biology (Rainho et al. 2002). ;<span lang="EN-US">A bat monitoring program, based on annual acoustic surveys, is currently under development (A. Rainho pers. comm.).	Palearctic		FALSE	FALSE	Global & Europe	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Nyctalus		azoreum	Thomas	1901	1	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 7, 8(43): 33	Azores Noctule	None.	Portugal, Azores, St. Michael	Azores Isls (Portugal)	Not listed.	Vulnerable	Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978 c ), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).	Nyctalus azoreum	1005602	23	Azores Noctule	Azorean Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	PIPISTRELLINI	Nyctalus	NA	azoreum	O. Thomas	1901	1	Pterygistes_azoreum	Thomas, O. (1901). Some new African Bats (including one from the Azores) and a new Galago. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 8, 33.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/94923#page/53/mode/1up	BM 1865.10.2.1		"St. Michael's, Azores," Portugal.			azoreum (O. Thomas, 1901)	NA	NA				Azores	Europe	Palearctic	VU	0	0	0	Nyctalus_azoreum	0	sciname match	Nyctalus_azoreum	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Nyctalus_azoreum	1005602	23	Azores Noctule	Azorean Bat	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Pipistrellini	Nyctalus	NA	azoreum	O. Thomas	1	Pterygistes azoreum	Thomas, O. 1901-07-01. Some new African bats (including one from the Azores) and a new _Galago_. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7)8(43):27-34.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29980035	BMNH:Mamm:1865.10.2.1	holotype	https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/93074729-a4dd-4827-97bd-67e68988b616	"St. Michael's, Azores," Portugal.			NA	NA				Azores	Europe	Palearctic	VU	0	0	0	Nyctalus_azoreum	0	sciname match	Nyctalus_azoreum	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Nyctalus		azoreum	Thomas	1901	1	Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.	ser. 7, 8(43): 33	Azores Noctule	None.	Portugal, Azores, St. Michael	Azores Isls (Portugal)	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	<a href='https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14922/211008291/' target='_blank'>Vulnerable</a>	Listed as a subspecies of leisleri by Corbet (1978c), but see Palmeirim (1991) and Horácek et al. (2000).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Nyctalus azoreum; Nyctalus azoreum; Nyctalus azoreum; Nyctalus azoreum; Nyctalus azoreum; Nyctalus azoreum; azoreum; Noctule des Acores; Azoren-Abendsegler; Noctulode las Azores; Azorean Bat; Azores Noctule; Azorean Bat; Azores Noctule; Azores Noctule; N. azoreum