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line:xlsx:hash://sha256/181a039844a33e66a35a457b7ece741051086608e425a040051b79581d606b97!/Sheet1!/L1004	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus innoxius	Neoeptesicus innoxius	Neoeptesicus innoxius	Neoeptesicus innoxius		[MSW2] Subgenus Eptesicus.; [MSW3] Subgenus Eptesicus. Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).; [HMW] Vespertilio innoxius P. Gervais in Vaillant, 1841 , Amotape, Piura , Peru . Eptesicus innoxius includes espadae and punicus as synonyms. Monotypic.; [batnames2022] Subgenus Eptesicus .  Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).; [batnames2023] Subgenus Eptesicus .  Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).; [MDD2025_2.0] moved from Eptesicus to the recently described Neoeptesicus; [batnames2025_1.7] Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).; [MDD2025_2.2] moved from Eptesicus to the recently described Neoeptesicus						espadae, punicus.			espadae, punicus		espadae, punicus	innoxius	innoxius - espadae, punicus	innoxius, espadae, punicus		innoxius	innoxius - espadae, punicus	innoxius, espadae, punicus	innoxius, espadae, punicus	innoxius 	innoxius - espadae, punicus	innoxius (P. Gervais, 1841)|espadae (Cabrera, 1901)|punicus (O. Thomas, 1920)		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1980. A World List of Mammalian Species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.		W Ecuador, W Peru, ? Panama	Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. and Koeppl, J.W. 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, 694 pp.	Eptesicus innoxius	Peru, Piura, Amotape.	Gervais	1841	Voy. la Bonite Zool., lam. 2.	Distribution: Confined to the Pacific slope of Ecuador and northern Peru.		Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species. Third edition. Oxford University Press, London, 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-854017-5		W Ecuador, NW Peru	Koopman, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–242 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1206 pp.	Gervais	1841	In Vaillant, Voy. autour du monde...la Bonite, Zool.(Eydoux and Souleyet), l:pl. 2.	Subgenus Eptesicus.	NW Peru, W Ecuador, Puna Isl (Ecuador).	Peru, Piura, Amotape.		GERVAIS	1841	Rostrum of medium length and relatively slender, rounded dorsally. Inner upper incisor bicuspid, outer upper incisor reduced. Last upper molar not reduced. Braincase relatively high. Basiscranial pits poorly developed. Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-39 mm). Fur relatively pale in color.	Distribution: Confined to the Pacific slope of Ecuador and northern Peru.	No subspecies.		121	species	E. innoxius	GERVAIS	1841	Eptesicus	subgenus	Eptesicus innoxius				Rostrum of medium length and relatively slender, rounded dorsally. Inner upper incisor bicuspid, outer upper incisor reduced. Last upper molar not reduced. Braincase relatively high. Basiscranial pits poorly developed. Size fairly small (forearm length, 34-39 mm). Fur relatively pale in color.	No subspecies.		14. E. innoxius (GERVAIS 1841 [innoxius group].	14	NA			Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. (Available from Johns Hopkins University Press, 1-800-537-5487 or (410) 516-6900, or at http://www.press.jhu.edu).	CHIROPTERA	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Eptesicini	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus	Eptesicus	innoxius	Gervais	y	1841		In Vaillant, Voy. autour du monde...la Bonite, Zool.(Eydoux and Souleyet)	1		pl. 2		Harmless Serotine	Peru, Piura, Amotape.	NW Peru, W Ecuador, Puna Isl (Ecuador).	IUCN 2003 and IUCN/SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	espadae Cabrera, 1901; punicus Thomas, 1920.	Subgenus Eptesicus. Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).	4C3D87E8FFAC6A13FA93930E1798B0BA	Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions	978-84-16728-19-0	hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf	hash://md5/b004ff90fffb6a44fffc96591e00bb32	845	zip:hash://sha256/ec5fd314a06aba1a7b0b72f23e54ac625ae272bd98f82f1d01f4c09627d9e8e0!/treatments-xml-main/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFAC6A13FA93930E1798B0BA.xml	Eptesicus innoxius	Vespertilionidae	Eptesicus	innoxius		1841	Sérotine de Gervais @fr | Friedliche Breitfligelfledermaus @de | Eptesicus de Gervais @es	Vespertilio innoxius P. Gervais in Vaillant, 1841 , Amotape, Piura , Peru . Eptesicus innoxius includes espadae and punicus as synonyms. Monotypic.	Pacific coast from WC Ecuador (including Puna I) S to NW Peru .	Head—body 44-55 mm, tall 32-41 mm, ear 12-15 mm, hindfoot 7-9 mm, forearm 34-40 mm. Females are larger than males. Dorsal hairs of the Harmless Serotine are bicolored, with blackish bases and dark brown to grayish brown tips; ventral hairs have light brown bases and buffy to whitish tips. Ears and membranes are medium brown. Tragusis relatively broad, short, and slightly curved. Skull is small, zygomatic arches are narrow and weak, braincase is narrow, and sagittal and lambdoidal crests are poorly developed or absent.	Dry and semideciduous tropical forests in primary and secondary dry forests, disturbed forests, grasslands, leafless shrub areas, mangroves, thorn forests, and banana, papaya, and mango plantations, frequently near water bodies, from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 900 m .	The Harmless Serotine is insectivorous and has been captured foraging over water in open areas. Fecal samples contained fragments of Homoptera, Diptera , Coleoptera , and possibly small Lepidoptera .	No information.	Harmless Serotines are nocturnal. Individuals were observed flying throughout the night from 19:00 h to 05:00 h. Roosts occurred under loose bark 40 cm aboveground and inside hollow trees c.1-5 m aboveground; in both cases, surroundings were open areas of at least 4 m diameter. Roosts have also been found in buildings.	Adult males are usually solitary when roosting under loose bark and can roost with different species in hollow trees, including Myotis sp. and Pallas’s Mastiff Bat (Molossus molossus). Small groups of Harmless Serotines roost in buildings, varying from 4-6 sexually segregated individuals.	Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Harmless Serotine is locally common in some localities and occurs in some protected areas. Nevertheless,its distribution is relatively small, and tropical dry forests are facing severe deforestation resulting in loss of forest cover.	Carrera et al. (2010) | Davis, W.B. (1966) | Davis, W.B. & Gardner (2008) | Gervais (1841) | Lee et al. (2010) | Linares & Zabala (2018) | Pacheco et al. (2007) | Simmons (2005) | Velazco & Aguirre (2016a)	https://zenodo.org/record/6398196/files/figure.png	184. Harmless Serotine Eptesicus innoxius French: Sérotine de Gervais / German: Friedliche Breitfligelfledermaus / Spanish: Eptesicus de Gervais Taxonomy. Vespertilio innoxius P. Gervais in Vaillant, 1841 , Amotape, Piura , Peru . Eptesicus innoxius includes espadae and punicus as synonyms. Monotypic. Distribution. Pacific coast from WC Ecuador (including Puna I) S to NW Peru . Descriptive notes. Head—body 44-55 mm, tall 32-41 mm, ear 12-15 mm, hindfoot 7-9 mm, forearm 34-40 mm. Females are larger than males. Dorsal hairs of the Harmless Serotine are bicolored, with blackish bases and dark brown to grayish brown tips; ventral hairs have light brown bases and buffy to whitish tips. Ears and membranes are medium brown. Tragusis relatively broad, short, and slightly curved. Skull is small, zygomatic arches are narrow and weak, braincase is narrow, and sagittal and lambdoidal crests are poorly developed or absent. Habitat. Dry and semideciduous tropical forests in primary and secondary dry forests, disturbed forests, grasslands, leafless shrub areas, mangroves, thorn forests, and banana, papaya, and mango plantations, frequently near water bodies, from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 900 m . Food and Feeding. The Harmless Serotine is insectivorous and has been captured foraging over water in open areas. Fecal samples contained fragments of Homoptera, Diptera , Coleoptera , and possibly small Lepidoptera . Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Harmless Serotines are nocturnal. Individuals were observed flying throughout the night from 19:00 h to 05:00 h. Roosts occurred under loose bark 40 cm aboveground and inside hollow trees c.1-5 m aboveground; in both cases, surroundings were open areas of at least 4 m diameter. Roosts have also been found in buildings. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Adult males are usually solitary when roosting under loose bark and can roost with different species in hollow trees, including Myotis sp. and Pallas’s Mastiff Bat (Molossus molossus). Small groups of Harmless Serotines roost in buildings, varying from 4-6 sexually segregated individuals. Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Harmless Serotine is locally common in some localities and occurs in some protected areas. Nevertheless,its distribution is relatively small, and tropical dry forests are facing severe deforestation resulting in loss of forest cover. Bibliography. Carrera et al. (2010), Davis, W.B. (1966), Davis, W.B. & Gardner (2008), Gervais (1841), Lee et al. (2010), Linares & Zabala (2018), Pacheco et al. (2007), Simmons (2005), Velazco & Aguirre (2016a).	Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2022B. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Accessed on 10/11/2022.	Vespertilionidae	Eptesicus innoxius	Eptesicus	Eptesicus	innoxius	Gervais	1841	1	In Vaillant, Voy. autour du monde...la Bonite, Zool.(Eydoux and Souleyet)	1: pl. 2	Harmless Serotine	 espadae Cabrera, 1901; punicus Thomas, 1920.	Peru, Piura, Amotape.	NW Peru, W Ecuador, Puna Isl (Ecuador).	Not listed.	Near Threatened	Subgenus Eptesicus .  Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).	Mammal Diversity Database. (2023). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.11) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7830771 released 15 April 2023	Eptesicus innoxius	23	Harmless Serotine	Pacific Serotine	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Eptesicus	Eptesicus	innoxius	P. Gervais	1841	1						Amotape, Piura, Peru.			innoxius (P. Gervais, 1841)|espadae (Cabrera, 1901)|punicus O. Thomas, 1920	NA	NA	Ecuador|Peru	South America	Neotropic	NT	0	0	0	Eptesicus_innoxius	0	sciname match	Eptesicus_innoxius	0	IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [28 September, 2022].	7932	Eptesicus innoxius	ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIDAE	Eptesicus	innoxius	(Gervais, 1841)		200000000	Eptesicus innoxius	Near Threatened		2020	2015-07-20 00:00:00 UTC	3.1	English	Range is relatively small and forest habitat within that region is under threat, however, almost nothing is known of the affect on this species. Listed as Near Threatened because a population reduction is suspected at a rate of less than 30% for the next three generations (21 years; Pacifici et al. 2013) based on a significant decline of the habitat where the species occurs. The tropical dry forests are undergoing rapid deforestation and reduction in forest cover; in western Ecuador are highly fragmented and impacted by urban development. The species is close to qualifying for Vulnerable (A3c).	This bat is strictly insectivorous (Albuja 1999). It occurs in dry and semi-deciduous forests (Carrera et al.  2010). Little is known of the behaviour of this species, but it is probably similar to other members of the genus.	No known specific threats - however, the tropical dry forests where it occurs are undergoing rapid deforestation and reduction in forest cover (Carrera et al.  2010). At the moist subtropical forests, it might be affected by use of pesticides in plantations. It is unknown how this species is impacted by these factors, or how easily it might recover at these areas.	Its distribution is scattered throughout its known range, but might be locally common at some specific localities in Peru or Ecuador (Albuja 1999, Carrera et al.   2010).	Unknown	Eptesicus innoxius is endemic to western South America where it is known only along the arid Pacific versant from Babahoyo, Ecuador (including Puna Island), south to Puerto Eten on the coast of northwestern Peru (Simmons 2005, Gardner 2008). There is no record of this species in the Galapagos Islands.		Terrestrial	Occurs in some protected areas, such as ecological reserves and protected forests at western Ecuador and Peru.	Neotropical		FALSE	FALSE	Global	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2023). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.4 (1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8136157 	Vespertilionidae	Eptesicus	Eptesicus	innoxius	Gervais	1841	1	In Eydoux and Souleyet, Voy. autour du monde...la Bonite, Zool.	1: 35, pl. 11, figs 7-9	Harmless Serotine	 espadae Cabrera, 1901; punicus Thomas, 1920.	Peru, Piura, Amotape.	NW Peru, W Ecuador, Puna Isl (Ecuador).	Not listed.	Near Threatened	Subgenus Eptesicus .  Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).	Eptesicus innoxius	1005523	23	Harmless Serotine	Pacific Serotine	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	CHIROPTERA	VESPERTILIONIFORMES	NA	NA	VESPERTILIONOIDEA	Vespertilionidae	VESPERTILIONINAE	EPTESICINI	Eptesicus	Eptesicus	innoxius	P. Gervais	1841	1						Amotape, Piura, Peru.			innoxius (P. Gervais, 1841)|espadae (Cabrera, 1901)|punicus O. Thomas, 1920	NA	NA				Ecuador|Peru	South America	Neotropic	NT	0	0	0	Eptesicus_innoxius	0	sciname match	Eptesicus_innoxius	0	Burgin, C. J., Zijlstra, J. S., Becker, M. A., Handika, H., Alston, J. M., Widness, J., Liphardt, S., Huckaby, D. G., and Upham, N. S. (2025). How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge. Journal of Mammalogy in revision: TBD. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.640393	Neoeptesicus_innoxius	1005523	23	Harmless Serotine	Pacific Serotine	Theria	Placentalia	Boreoeutheria	Laurasiatheria	Chiroptera	Yangochiroptera	NA	NA	Vespertilionoidea	Vespertilionidae	Vespertilioninae	Nycticeiini	Neoeptesicus	NA	innoxius	P. Gervais	1	Vespertilio innoxius	Gervais, P. 1841. Mammifères. Pp. 3–68 in Eydoux, J.F.T. and Souleyet, L. (eds.). Voyage autour du monde exécuté pendant les années 1836 et 1837 sur la corvette La Bonite. Arthus Bertrand, Paris, 132 pp.	https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11256195	MNHN-ZM-AC-A6987	holotype	http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/zm/ac-a6987	Amotape, Piura, Peru.			moved from Eptesicus to the recently described Neoeptesicus	Cláudio, V. C., Novaes, R. L., Gardner, A. L., Nogueira, M. R., Wilson, D. E., Maldonado, J. E., ... & Moratelli, R. (2023). Taxonomic re-evaluation of New World Eptesicus and Histiotus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), with the description of a new genus. Zoologia (Curitiba), 40, e22029.				Ecuador|Peru	South America	Neotropic	NT (as Eptesicus innoxius)	0	0	0	Eptesicus_innoxius	0	sciname match	Eptesicus_innoxius	0	Simmons, N. B., & Cirranello, A. L. (2025). Batnames.org Species List Version 1.7 (1.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14796586	Vespertilionidae	Neoeptesicus		innoxius	Gervais	1841	1	In Eydoux and Souleyet, Voy. autour du monde...la Bonite, Zool.	1: 35, pl. 11, figs 7-9	Harmless Serotine	espadae Cabrera, 1901; punicus Thomas, 1920.	Peru, Piura, Amotape.	NW Peru, W Ecuador, Puna Isl (Ecuador).	<a href='https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php' target='_blank'>Not Listed</a>	Not Evaluated	Reviewed by W. B. Davis (1966).		Mammal Diversity Database. (2025). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 2.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15007505	NA	Eptesicus innoxius; Eptesicus innoxius; Eptesicus innoxius; Eptesicus innoxius; Eptesicus innoxius; Eptesicus innoxius; espadae; punicus; espadae; punicus; espadae; punicus; innoxius; espadae; punicus; Sérotine de Gervais; Friedliche Breitfligelfledermaus; Eptesicus de Gervais; Harmless Serotine; Pacific Serotine; Harmless Serotine; Harmless Serotine; E. innoxius